CN113253408A

CN113253408A - Flexible flat optical cable and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113253408A
Application number: CN202110583995.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李国帅; 刘步勇; 姜泽兴; 严春杰
Original assignee: Jiangsu Huamai Photoelectric Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Huamai Photoelectric Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-27
Filing date: 2021-05-27
Publication date: 2021-08-13
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-27
Also published as: CN113253408B

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible flat optical cable and a preparation method thereof, and the flexible flat optical cable comprises a cable core and a sheath layer coated outside the cable core, wherein the section of the sheath layer is flat, the sheath layer comprises a straight side wall and an arc side wall, the cable core is arranged in a central shaft hole of the sheath layer, two symmetrical straight side walls and two symmetrical arc side walls are arranged around the cable core, at least one flat through hole with the same extension direction as the straight side wall is arranged in each of the two straight side walls, arc through holes with the same extension direction as the arc side walls are arranged in each of the two arc side walls, and the two arc through holes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the cable core. The sheath layer is arranged in a hollow manner, so that a certain bending space can be reserved when the optical cable is bent and wired.

Description

Flexible flat optical cable and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of optical cable structure design and preparation, in particular to a flexible flat optical cable and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The current comprehensive wiring market is mainly presented in two blocks, one is an intelligent building wiring market, and the other is a data center wiring market. The rise of the smart home in the intelligent building wiring market puts higher demands on home wiring, the home wiring and the intelligent home system are perfectly combined, and the home wiring further extends from the wiring management in front to the realization of the traditional comprehensive wiring system market with the information fusion function of storing, managing and exchanging data; the product aspect can put higher requirements on modularization, high density, pre-termination, high flame retardance and short-chain test.

As a carrier for realizing these functions, an optical cable having good flexibility, environmental resistance and flexibility in an intelligent building wiring environment is increasingly favored by people, and in the process of home wiring, in order to match with a building shape, a right-angle wiring situation often occurs, because of the structural limitation of the existing optical cable itself: adopt the not high reason of central reinforcement, sheath pliability, current optical cable is difficult to reach the right angle of 90 degrees bendings and walks the line, also can't realize buckling repeatedly at the in-process of construction, can't satisfy the requirement of intelligent building wiring environment.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the problem that the optical cable in the prior art cannot meet the requirement of an intelligent building wiring environment, and provide the flexible flat optical cable and the preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a flexible flat optical cable which comprises a cable core and a sheath layer coated outside the cable core, wherein the section of the sheath layer is flat, the sheath layer comprises a straight side wall and an arc side wall, the cable core is arranged in a central shaft hole of the sheath layer, two symmetrical straight side walls and two symmetrical arc side walls are arranged around the cable core, at least one flat through hole with the same extension direction as the straight side wall is formed in each of the two straight side walls, arc through holes with the same extension direction as the arc side walls are formed in each of the two arc side walls, and the two arc through holes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the cable core.

In one embodiment of the invention, the sheath layer is made of a flexible flame-retardant material, and the sheath layer comprises 55-65 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride, 30-45 parts by weight of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 20-30 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber, 10-20 parts by weight of carbon nanotube modified polyether-ether-ketone, 5-10 parts by weight of a flame retardant, 3-5 parts by weight of a compatilizer and 1-3 parts by weight of a lubricant.

In an embodiment of the invention, a plurality of flat through holes are formed along the extending direction of the flat side wall, and the flat through holes are arranged at equal intervals.

In one embodiment of the invention, the flat through holes and the arc through holes are filled with reinforcing units, and the reinforcing units are glass yarns or aramid yarns.

In one embodiment of the invention, a water-blocking layer is coated outside the cable core, and the water-blocking layer is a water-blocking tape.

In one embodiment of the invention, the water-blocking tape wraps or longitudinally wraps the periphery of the cable core.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cable core comprises a loose tube and a plurality of optical fiber units disposed within the loose tube.

In one embodiment of the invention, the optical fiber unit comprises a loose optical fiber, an optical fiber ribbon or an optical fiber bundle.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a water blocking unit is further filled in the loose tube, and the water blocking unit is a water blocking yarn or a water blocking fiber ointment.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the flexible flat optical cable, which solves the technical problem and comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing an optical fiber unit, coloring the bare optical fiber, and carrying out ribbon combining or bundling treatment on the colored optical fiber;

s2, controlling the paying-off and taking-up tension of the optical fiber unit, extruding and molding a loose tube outside the optical fiber unit by using an injection molding machine, and filling a water blocking unit in the loose tube along with the optical fiber unit in the extrusion molding process;

s3, wrapping or longitudinally wrapping a water blocking tape on the cable core obtained in the step S2;

s4, controlling the paying-off and taking-up tension of the cable core, extruding and forming a sheath layer outside the cable core coated with the water blocking tape by using a sheath machine, wherein an extrusion die cavity of the sheath machine is flat, so that the cross section of the extruded sheath layer is flat, a multi-channel extrusion die head is arranged in the extrusion die cavity, a flat through hole and an arc through hole are formed in the sheath layer, and aramid yarn or glass yarn is filled in the through hole along with the cable core.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

the flexible flat optical cable is provided with a sheath layer with a flat structure, a cable core is arranged in a central shaft hole of the sheath layer, two symmetrical straight side walls and two symmetrical arc side walls are arranged around the cable core, at least one flat through hole with the same extending direction as the straight side walls is formed in each of the two straight side walls, arc through holes with the same extending direction as the arc side walls are formed in each of the two arc side walls, and the two arc through holes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the cable core; according to the invention, the flat through holes and the arc through holes are formed in the sheath layer, so that the sheath layer is designed in a hollow manner, and thus when the optical cable is bent and wired, a certain bending space can be reserved in the hollow sheath layer during bending, and the optical cable can meet the requirements of bending along the axial extension direction and the flat structure, and can also be bent along the radial direction, so that the optical cable can be laid at the corner of a building in a sticking manner;

according to the preparation method of the flexible flat optical cable, the flat extrusion die cavity and the multi-channel extrusion die head are matched, so that the flexible flat optical cable with the flat through hole and the arc-shaped through hole in the sheath layer can be produced, the optical cable has certain flexibility, bending along the axial extension direction of the optical cable can be realized, bending of the optical cable along the radial direction can also be realized, and the requirements of intelligent building wiring environments are met.

Drawings

In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flexible flat optical cable according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a flexible flat cable according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a flexible flat fiber optic cable of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of making a flexible flat cable according to the present invention.

The specification reference numbers indicate: 1. an optical fiber unit; 2. a water blocking unit; 3. loosening the sleeve; 4. a water resistant layer; 5. a sheath layer; 51. a flat side wall; 52. an arcuate sidewall; 6. a flat-type through-hole; 7. an arc-shaped through hole; 8. a reinforcing unit.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the flexible flat optical cable of the invention comprises a cable core and a sheath layer 5 coated outside the cable core, wherein the section of the sheath layer 5 is flat, the sheath layer 5 comprises a straight side wall 51 and an arc side wall 52, the cable core is arranged in a central shaft hole of the sheath layer 5, two symmetrical straight side walls 51 and two symmetrical arc side walls 52 are arranged around the cable core, at least one flat through hole 6 with the same extending direction as the straight side wall 51 is arranged in each straight side wall 51, arc through holes 7 with the same extending direction as the arc side walls 52 are arranged in each arc side wall 52, and the two arc through holes 7 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the cable core, the hollowed-out sheath layer 5 can reserve a certain bending space when being bent, and the optical cable can meet the requirements of bending along the axial extension direction and flat structure arrangement, and can be bent along the radial direction, so that the optical cable can be pasted and laid at the corner of a building.

Specifically, in order to further meet the bending requirement of the optical cable, the structure of the optical cable sheath layer 5 is improved, the material of the optical cable sheath layer 5 is also improved, the sheath layer 5 is made of a flexible flame-retardant material, and the sheath layer 5 comprises, by weight, 55-65 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 30-45 parts of an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 20-30 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber, 10-20 parts of carbon nanotube-modified polyether ether ketone, 5-10 parts of a flame retardant, 3-5 parts of a compatilizer and 1-3 parts of a lubricant.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the specific components of the sheath layer are as follows 1:

TABLE 1

Wherein, the polyvinyl chloride and the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer are used as base materials for producing the sheath layer: polyvinyl chloride has better electrical insulation performance, can be used as a low-frequency insulation material, and has good chemical stability. In addition, the polyvinyl chloride also has better bending resistance, compression resistance and impact resistance; ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer is the toughest fluoroplastic, and various mechanical properties of the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer are well balanced, such as strong tear resistance, high tensile strength, medium hardness, excellent impact resistance and long expansion life. The polytetrafluoroethylene composite material keeps good heat resistance, chemical resistance and electrical insulation performance of polytetrafluoroethylene, and simultaneously has tensile strength of 50MPa which is 2 times of that of the polytetrafluoroethylene. In addition, the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer is a good dielectric material, and has high insulation strength and high resistivity.

The flexibility and the bending property of the sheath layer are further improved by adopting thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber, and the thermoplastic polyurethane elastic rubber is a novel organic polymer synthetic material, has outstanding flexibility and elasticity, and can be stretched to 300-600% of the original length without deformation. Secondly, the rubber has the characteristics of high mechanical strength, high hardness and high strength. The softness and resilience of the rubber are superior to those of common polyurethane and polyvinyl chloride.

The carbon nano tube modified polyether ether ketone is adopted to make the carbon nano tube compatible with the polyether ether ketone, so that the carbon nano tube can generate good compatibility with other component matrixes, and the compatibility between the carbon nano tube and other component matrixes is further enhanced by adding the compatilizer, so that the carbon nano tube is uniformly dispersed in the matrix material. When the sheath layer matrix receives an external force, a stress concentration effect can be generated around the carbon nano tube, so that matrix resin is triggered to generate micro cracks, and energy is absorbed; due to the fact that the specific surface area of the carbon nano tube is large, the surface energy is high, the bonding strength of the polyether-ether-ketone and other matrixes is high, the carbon nano tube can cause more micro cracks and cannot be debonded under the action of external force, and therefore more energy can be absorbed. In addition, in the grain boundary area of the nano composite material, because the diffusion coefficient is large and a large number of short-range fast diffusion paths exist, when the nano composite material is impacted by the outside, the carbon nano tubes can generate relative slip through fast diffusion of the grain boundary area, so that the initial microcracks are rapidly closed, the strength and the toughness of the material are enhanced, and the purpose of toughening is achieved. Therefore, the sheath prepared from the sheath material has good toughness.

Moreover, the carbon nano tube has good flame retardant effect, can form a carbon deposition heat insulation protective layer with a network structure in the combustion process of the polymer, is compact and has no crack, and blocks the transfer of heat and mass, thereby enhancing the flame retardant property of the polymer; and thirdly, the carbon nano tube forms a network structure in the combustion process, so that the transmission of gas is blocked, and the flame retardant property of the high polymer material is improved. In addition, the sheath material also comprises a flame retardant, and the carbon nano tube and the flame retardant are matched for use, so that a synergistic flame-retardant effect can be generated, and the flame-retardant performance of the sheath is further enhanced.

Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of flat through holes 6 are formed along the extending direction of the flat side wall 51, the flat through holes 6 are arranged at equal intervals, the flat side walls 51 on the upper and lower sides of the cable core are provided with the plurality of flat through holes 6, and the flat through holes 6 on the upper and lower sides of the cable core are symmetrically arranged; compared with a single flat through hole 6, the structure of the flat through holes 6 enables the supporting structure of the sheath layer 5 to be more stable, and prevents the sheath layer 5 from collapsing at the flat through hole 6;

and, in this embodiment, be filled with the enhancement unit in flat through-hole 6 and the arc through-hole 7, enhancement unit 8 is glass yarn or aramid yarn, glass yarn or aramid yarn are flexible material, and it is yarn structure itself, can not influence the bending property of optical cable, and on the one hand, adopt glass yarn or aramid yarn can fill flat through-hole 6 and arc through-hole 7, prevent that flat through-hole 6 and arc through-hole 7 department from collapsing, and on the other hand sets up glass yarn or aramid yarn and also can further improve the holistic tensile strength of optical cable.

Referring to fig. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, a water-blocking layer 4 is coated outside the cable core, the water-blocking layer 4 is a water-blocking tape, and the water-blocking tape is wrapped or longitudinally wrapped around the cable core; when the water-blocking tape is coated in a longitudinal wrapping mode, the width of the lap edge of the water-blocking tape is larger than 5 mm; when the wrapping water-blocking tape is adopted, the wrapping overlapping rate of the water-blocking tape is 25% -45%.

In the two embodiments, the cable core comprises a loose tube 3 and a plurality of optical fiber units 1 arranged in the loose tube 3; the optical fiber unit 1 can be configured as a loose optical fiber, an optical fiber ribbon or an optical fiber bundle according to specific requirements.

Specifically, in order to ensure a water blocking effect in the loose tube 3, a water blocking unit 2 is further filled in the loose tube 3, and the water blocking unit 2 is a water blocking yarn or a water blocking fiber ointment; in the full-dry optical cable, the water blocking unit 2 adopts water blocking yarn; in the semi-dry optical cable, the water-blocking unit 2 adopts water-blocking fiber ointment.

Referring to fig. 4, a method for manufacturing a flexible flat optical cable includes the following steps:

s1, preparing an optical fiber unit, coloring and curing the bare optical fiber according to an optical fiber chromatogram, carrying out ribbon merging or bundling treatment on the colored optical fiber by using ribbon merging resin according to actual use requirements, detecting the flatness of the optical fiber ribbon after the ribbon merging treatment, and detecting the roundness of the optical fiber bundle after the bundling treatment;

s2, controlling the paying-off tension and the paying-off tension of the optical fiber unit, enabling the paying-off tension of the optical fiber unit to be larger than the paying-off tension, enabling the optical fiber unit to have a certain extra length in a loose tube, introducing the optical fiber unit into a machine head of an injection molding machine, extruding the loose tube outside the optical fiber unit by using the injection molding machine, controlling the diameter and the wall thickness of the loose tube, preventing the loose tube from being eccentric, and synchronously filling a water blocking unit in the loose tube along with the optical fiber unit in the extrusion molding process;

s3, wrapping or longitudinally wrapping a water blocking tape on the cable core obtained in the step S2; when the water-blocking tape is coated in a longitudinal wrapping mode, the width of the lap edge of the water-blocking tape is larger than 5 mm; when the lapping water-blocking tape is adopted, the lapping overlapping rate of the water-blocking tape is 25 to 45 percent

S4, controlling the paying-off and taking-up tension of the cable core, introducing the cable core into a machine head of a sheathing machine, extruding and forming a sheathing layer outside the cable core coated with the water blocking tape by the sheathing machine, wherein an extrusion die cavity of the sheathing machine is flat, so that the cross section of the extruded sheathing layer is flat, a multi-hole extrusion die head is arranged in the extrusion die cavity, flat through holes and arc-shaped through holes are formed in the sheathing layer, and aramid yarns or glass yarns are filled in the through holes synchronously along with the cable core.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a flexible flat optical cable, includes cable core and the restrictive coating of cladding outside the cable core, its characterized in that, the cross-section of restrictive coating is the platykurtic, the restrictive coating includes straight lateral wall and arc lateral wall, the cable core sets up in the central shaft hole of restrictive coating, centers on the cable core is provided with the straight lateral wall of two symmetries and the arc lateral wall of two symmetries, two all set up at least one in the straight lateral wall and the same flat through-hole of straight lateral wall extending direction, two the arc through-hole the same with arc lateral wall extending direction, twice all seted up in the arc lateral wall the arc through-hole symmetry sets up the both sides at the cable core.

2. The flexible flat optical cable according to claim 1, wherein: the sheath layer is made of flexible flame-retardant materials and comprises, by weight, 55-65 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 30-45 parts of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 20-30 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber, 10-20 parts of carbon nanotube modified polyether-ether-ketone, 5-10 parts of a flame retardant, 3-5 parts of a compatilizer and 1-3 parts of a lubricant.

3. The flexible flat optical cable according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of flat through holes are formed in the extending direction of the straight side wall and are arranged at equal intervals.

4. The flexible flat optical cable according to claim 1, wherein: and reinforcing units are filled in the flat through holes and the arc through holes and are made of glass yarns or aramid yarns.

5. The flexible flat optical cable according to claim 1, wherein: and a water-blocking layer is coated outside the cable core, and the water-blocking layer is a water-blocking tape.

6. A flexible flat optical cable according to claim 3, wherein: and the water-blocking tape is wrapped or longitudinally wrapped on the periphery of the cable core.

7. The flexible flat optical cable according to claim 1, wherein: the cable core comprises a loose tube and a plurality of optical fiber units arranged in the loose tube.

8. The flexible flat optical cable according to claim 7, wherein: the optical fiber unit comprises bulk optical fibers, optical fiber ribbons or optical fiber bundles.

9. The flexible flat optical cable according to claim 1, wherein: and a water blocking unit is also filled in the loose sleeve, and the water blocking unit is water blocking yarn or water blocking fiber ointment.

10. A preparation method of a flexible flat optical cable is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: