CN113253265A - Tomography method based on TIR prism steering common-aperture emission - Google Patents
Tomography method based on TIR prism steering common-aperture emission Download PDFInfo
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tomography method based on TIR prism steering common-aperture emission, which comprises the following steps: s1, emitting illumination laser, irradiating the illumination laser on a target through a TIR prism, and returning to obtain target imaging information; s2, emitting the illumination laser again, obtaining the miss distance of the target imaging after obtaining the returned target information, and realizing the tracking control adjustment imaging of the target and the like by adjusting the miss distance through adjusting the fast-reflecting mirror; the invention can detect and image the object with ultra-long distance in all weather, reduces the stray light interference, and can realize the detection and imaging of the object in complex environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser active illumination tomography, in particular to a tomography method based on TIR prism steering common-aperture emission.
Background
The beam control and tracking aiming equipment (ATP for short) is an important component of laser weapons and multifunctional laser combat vehicles, and is aimed at transmitting high-energy laser to a transmitting telescope through a relay transmission optical path, and focusing the laser on a far-field target so as to implement target strike and destroy. The main function is to complete the functional links of high-power laser transmission, pointing control, target identification and tracking, active lighting, aiming, striking and the like.
Based on various combat application environments, in order to realize all-weather detection, identification and tracking of targets, particularly for tracking the targets at night, the frame frequency of the existing infrared detector cannot meet the tracking precision of photoelectric tracking and aiming equipment, and a visible light camera cannot see at night. Through laser initiative illumination, because continuous laser shines on long-distance target, can produce very strong back scattering, prior art exists to operational environment higher requirement, is difficult to adapt to complicated environment operating mode, and imaging distance is short, parasitic light disturbs shortcomings such as serious, the device is bulky.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a tomography method based on TIR prism steering common-aperture emission, can detect and image an object at an ultra-long distance in all weather, reduces stray light interference, and can realize the advantages of detection and imaging of the object in a complex environment and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:
a tomography method based on TIR prism steering common aperture emission comprises the following steps:
s1, emitting illumination laser, irradiating the illumination laser on a target through a TIR prism, and returning to obtain target imaging information;
and S2, emitting the illumination laser again, obtaining the miss distance of the target imaging after obtaining the returned target information, and realizing the tracking control adjustment imaging of the target by adjusting the miss distance through adjusting the fast-reflecting mirror.
Further, in step S1, the laser light emitted by the illumination pulse laser enters the DLP chip unit of the DLP chip imaging optical system after passing through the TIR prism, and is irradiated onto the target through the transmission telescope via the coude optical path when the DLP chip unit is in an off state, and the image of the single pulse laser light returned by the target is imaged on the short wave optical imaging system after passing through the inverted transmission telescope, the fast reflection mirror, the coude optical path, the TIR prism, and the DLP chip unit after being powered on, so as to obtain the imaging information of the target.
Further, in step S2, when the illumination pulse laser emits the next pulse again, and at this time, the DLP chip unit is in the off state, the next pulse is emitted to the target through the transmitting telescope, and when the target information is obtained, the miss distance of the target image is obtained, and the miss distance is adjusted by adjusting the fast-reflection mirror, so as to realize the tracking control adjustment of the target.
Further, the illumination laser generates reflection on the surface of the DLP chip unit, and whether the DLP chip unit generates deflection can be controlled by controlling the switch of the DLP chip unit.
Further, after the DLP chip unit is electrified, 16-degree deflection can be generated, in the gating time and in the gating distance, light returned by the target is imaged on a short-wave optical imaging system through the inverted transmitting telescope, the fast reflecting mirror, the Kude light guide path, the TIR prism and the electrified DLP chip unit, so that imaging information of the target is obtained.
Further, when the distance of the target is changed, the emitting angles of the pulse lasers at different distances are focused through the illumination laser beam-shrinking system, and the radiation flux of the target at different distances is realized.
Further, the TIR prism comprises a TIR prism upper half and a TIR prism lower half, and the TIR prism upper half is connected with the TIR prism lower half.
And further, the method comprises an illumination laser optical axis calibration step, wherein laser emitted by the illumination pulse laser is collimated by an illumination laser collimating lens and then is adjusted by an illumination laser moving mirror to realize deflection, the laser is transmitted to a relay DLP chip imaging optical system after being reflected by an illumination laser reflector after passing through an illumination laser beam shrinking system, and light penetrating through the illumination laser reflector points to an imaging micro lens through an optical axis and is imaged on an optical axis pointing detector.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention realizes tomography by using the pulse laser, can detect and image the object with ultra-long distance in all weather, reduces stray light interference, and can realize detection and imaging of the object in a complex environment, and the like; specifically, utilize TIR prism and DLP chip to have restrained the parasitic light interference of accurate tracking shortwave imaging optical system, utilize the advantage that shortwave camera transmissivity is high to realize the detection formation of image to target under the complex environment, can realize the incoherent synthesis of multi-path pulse laser, the detection distance of target has been increased, realize the detection formation of image of super long distance, can realize the directional control of multi-path pulse laser, eliminate the vibration, the optical axis that the temperature variation arouses changes, can realize transmitting main laser and illumination laser common aperture transmission, the embodiment of this method can reduce the volume of traditional photoelectricity tracking device, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, and easy realization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the general optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a TIR prism structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a TIR prism dispensing diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a fine tracking short wave optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a point diagram of a fine tracking short wave optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a MTF diagram of a fine tracking short wave optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a relay TIR prism imaging optical system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of method steps for an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-a primary mirror of a transmitting telescope, 2-a secondary mirror of the transmitting telescope, 3-a fast reflecting mirror, 4-a turning mirror, 5-a curde mirror, 6-a de mirror, 7-a curde mirror, 8-a curde mirror, 9-a curde mirror, 10-a spectroscope, 11-a transmitting laser, 12-a top half of a TIR prism, 13-a bottom half of the TIR prism, 14-a short wave imaging mirror, 15-a short wave imaging mirror, 16-a short wave optical imaging system, 17-a TIR relay imaging optical system imaging lens, 18-a TIR relay imaging optical system imaging lens, 19-an illuminating laser reflector, 20-an optical axis pointing imaging micro lens, 21-an optical axis pointing detector, 22-an illuminating laser beam shrinking system, 23-an illuminating laser moving mirror, 24-illumination laser collimation lens, 25-illumination pulsed laser.
Detailed Description
All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or all methods or process steps implicitly disclosed, may be combined and/or expanded, or substituted, in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the tomography method based on TIR prism turning common aperture emission comprises the following steps:
s1, emitting illumination laser, irradiating the illumination laser on a target through a TIR prism, and returning to obtain target imaging information;
and S2, emitting the illumination laser again, obtaining the miss distance of the target imaging after obtaining the returned target information, and realizing the tracking control adjustment imaging of the target by adjusting the miss distance through adjusting the fast-reflecting mirror 3.
Further, in step S1, the laser light emitted from the illumination pulse laser 25 enters the DLP chip unit of the DLP chip imaging optical system after passing through the TIR prism, and is irradiated onto the target through the transmission telescope via the coude optical path when the DLP chip unit is in an off state, and the image of the single pulse laser light returned from the target is imaged on the short wave optical imaging system 16 after passing through the inverted transmission telescope, the fast reflection mirror 3, the coude optical path, the TIR prism, and the DLP chip unit after being powered on, so as to obtain the imaging information of the target.
Further, in step S2, when the illumination pulse laser 25 re-emits the next pulse, and at this time, the DLP chip unit is in the off state, the next pulse is emitted to the target through the transmitting telescope, and when the target information is obtained, the miss distance of the target image is obtained, and the miss distance is adjusted by adjusting the fast reflection mirror 3, so as to realize the tracking control adjustment of the target.
Further, the illumination laser generates reflection on the surface of the DLP chip unit, and whether the DLP chip unit generates deflection can be controlled by controlling the switch of the DLP chip unit.
Further, after the DLP chip unit is powered on, 16-degree deflection can be generated, and in the gating time and in the gating distance, the light returned by the target passes through the inverted transmitting telescope, the fast reflecting mirror 3, the kude light guide path, the TIR prism and the powered DLP chip unit to be imaged on the short-wave optical imaging system 16, so that the imaging information of the target is obtained.
Further, when the distance of the target is changed, the emission angles of the pulse lasers at different distances are focused by the illumination laser beam-reducing system 22, so that the radiation fluxes to the target at different distances are realized.
Further, the TIR prism comprises a TIR prism upper half 12 and a TIR prism lower half 13, wherein the TIR prism upper half 12 is connected with the TIR prism lower half 13.
Further, the method comprises a step of calibrating an optical axis of illumination laser, wherein laser emitted by an illumination pulse laser 25 is collimated by an illumination laser collimating lens 24 and then is adjusted by an illumination laser moving mirror 23 to realize deflection, the laser is reflected by an illumination laser beam reducing system 22 and then is transmitted to a relay DLP chip imaging optical system, light penetrating through the illumination laser reflecting mirror 19 points to an imaging micro lens 20 through the optical axis, and the light is imaged on an optical axis pointing detector 21.
In the embodiment of the present invention, an implementation system of a tomography method based on TIR prism steering common-aperture emission may be an optical path system based on TIR prism steering common-aperture emission tomography, and includes a transmitting telescope (a transmitting telescope primary mirror 1 and a transmitting telescope secondary mirror 2), a fast reflection mirror 3, a plurality of coude mirror composing coude optical paths, a transmitting laser 11, an illumination pulse laser 25, a TIR prism (including a TIR prism upper half 12 and a TIR prism lower half 13), a short wave optical imaging system 16, a relay DLP chip imaging optical system (including a TIR relay imaging optical system imaging lens 17 and a TIR relay imaging optical system imaging lens 18), an illumination laser optical axis calibration optical system (including an optical axis direction detector 21), an illumination laser beam reducing system 22, an illumination laser collimating lens 24, and the like.
In other embodiments of the present invention, according to the optical path diagram in fig. 1, a primary transmitting telescope mirror 1, a secondary transmitting telescope mirror 2, a fast reflecting mirror 3, a turning mirror 4, a coude mirror 5, a de mirror 6, a coude mirror 7, a coude mirror 8, a coude mirror 9, a spectroscope 10, a transmitting laser 11, an upper TIR prism half 12, a lower TIR prism half 13, a short wave imaging mirror 14, a short wave imaging mirror 15, a short wave optical imaging system 16, a TIR relay imaging optical system imaging lens 17, a TIR relay imaging optical system imaging lens 18, an illuminating laser mirror 19, an optical axis direction imaging microlens 20, an optical axis direction detector 21, an illuminating laser beam reducing system 22, an illuminating laser moving mirror 23, an illuminating laser collimating lens 24, and an illuminating pulse laser 25 are arranged. The illumination pulse laser 25 of the illumination laser transmission part is provided with an optical fiber QBH laser head, laser emitted from the optical fiber QBH laser head can be deflected through an illumination laser moving mirror 23 after being collimated by an illumination laser collimating lens 24, the laser passes through an illumination laser beam reducing system 22 and then is transmitted to a relay imaging optical path system through an illumination laser reflecting mirror 19 reflecting mirror, the reflectivity of the illumination laser reflecting mirror 19 is 99.5% during film coating, but part of light is transmitted, the transmitted light points to an imaging micro lens 20 through an optical axis, and the image is formed on an optical axis pointing detector 21, wherein the imaging micro lens is similar to a Hardman imaging principle. The imaging micro lens can carry out incoherent combination on multiple paths of pulse lasers, only one pulse laser is shown in the embodiment, incoherent combination of any number of paths can be realized, and the number of the combined lasers is the same as that of the micro lens array. The more lasers that are combined the further the distance of illumination.
After the pulse laser is transmitted to the micro-lens, the pulse laser is imaged on the detector, the light spot on the detector represents a focusing light spot of a far field, the center of mass of the light spot can be obtained through image processing, the deviation of the center of mass of the light spot and a calibration quantity of the initial adjustment represents that the optical axis has deviation from the actual optical axis, and therefore the implementation calibration of the optical axis can be achieved through the illuminating laser moving mirror 23.
The working principle of the TIR prism and the DLP chip is that the imaging lens 17 of the TIR relay imaging optical system, the imaging lens 18 of the TIR relay imaging optical system and the lower half part 13 of the TIR prism form a relay transmission optical system, and because the DLP chip has a specific size, laser output from pulse collimation laser needs to be matched with the DLP chip, a relay transmission optical imaging system is needed, and the optical system of the imaging system is shown in fig. 7.
The TIR prism is composed of two parts, i.e. an upper part 12 of the TIR prism and a lower part 13 of the TIR prism in fig. 1, the two triangular prisms are combined together by dispensing at four corners thereof, the dispensing position is shown in fig. 3, and the principle is that when light passes through the primary mirror 1 of the transmitting telescope in fig. 2, the light reaches a bonding surface and then is totally reflected, because dispensing causes the two triangular prisms to generate a small air gap, the light is transmitted from a dense medium to an optically sparse medium and totally reflected.
After the pulse laser transmitted by the relay passes through the DLP chip, the pulse laser generates reflection on the surface of the chip to control the switch of the DLP chip, so that whether the chip unit of the DLP generates deflection or not can be controlled.
The emitted main laser light is coupled into the coude optical path through the beam splitter 10, the pulse laser light is reflected into the coupling optical path through the beam splitter 10, the chain line in fig. 1 represents the transmission path of the emitted main laser light, and the solid line in fig. 1 represents the transmission path of the pulse laser light.
The transmitting laser and the illuminating laser are transmitted to the target through the common aperture of the off-axis transmitting telescope.
The imaging principle of the precisely tracking optical system is that the imaging path is in the direction of the reverse arrow in fig. 1, and the imaging path is sequentially an inverted transmitting telescope (a primary transmitting telescope mirror 1 and a secondary transmitting telescope mirror 2), a fast reflecting mirror 3, a kude light guide path (comprising a kude mirror 5, a de mirror 6, a kude mirror 7, a kude mirror 8 and a kude mirror 9), a TIR prism and a DLP chip, and images in a short wave optical imaging system 16 after passing through a short wave imaging reflector 14 and a short wave imaging reflector 15.
In operation, after the illumination pulse laser 25 sends out a pulse, after passing through the TIR prism and the DLP chip, the DLP chip is in a cut-off state at the moment, the pulse laser can pass through the Kude optical path and irradiate on a target after the off-axis emission telescope, after the single pulse laser passes through an image returned by the target, the DLP chip is electrified at the moment, the chip can generate deflection of 16 degrees, and in the gating time and in the gating distance, the light returned by the target passes through the inverted emission telescope, the fast reflecting mirror 3, the Kude light guide optical path, the TIR prism and the electrified DLP to be imaged on the infrared optical system, so that the imaging information of the target is obtained. The illumination laser emits the next pulse, at the moment, the DLP chip is turned off, and the next pulse is emitted to the target through the transmitting telescope.
After the target information is obtained, the miss distance of the target imaging can be obtained, and the miss distance is reduced to the minimum through the fast reflecting mirror 3, so that the precise tracking control of the target is realized (the initial tracking of the target is realized through the photoelectric tracking control turntable before the precise tracking).
When the distance of the target is changed, the emitting angles of the pulse lasers at different distances are focused through 22 in fig. 1, and the radiation fluxes of the target at different distances are realized.
TABLE 1 optical parameters of optical systems
In other embodiments of the invention, when a target approaches at night, the target is initially tracked through the photoelectric tracking rotary table, the camera for precisely tracking visible light cannot detect any image, the embodiment of the invention realizes the positioning and tracking of the target through the Kude optical path in a laser active illumination mode, realizes the accurate tracking of the target through the short wave camera in a light guide mode, and feeds back the output miss distance information to the quick reflection mirror, thereby realizing the high-precision tracking of the target.
Other embodiments than the above examples may be devised by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure, or by adapting and using knowledge or techniques of the relevant art, and features of various embodiments may be interchanged or substituted and such modifications and variations that may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.
The functionality of the present invention, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, and all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention are executed in a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) and corresponding software. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, or an optical disk, exist in a read-only Memory (RAM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), and the like, for performing a test or actual data in a program implementation.
Claims (8)
1. A tomography method based on TIR prism steering common aperture emission is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, emitting illumination laser, irradiating the illumination laser on a target through a TIR prism, and returning to obtain target imaging information;
and S2, emitting the illumination laser again, obtaining the miss distance of the target imaging after obtaining the returned target information, and adjusting the miss distance by adjusting the fast reflection mirror (3) to realize the tracking control adjustment imaging of the target.
2. The tomography method based on TIR prism turning common-aperture emission according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the laser emitted from the illumination pulse laser (25) enters the DLP chip unit of the DLP chip imaging optical system after passing through the TIR prism, and in the OFF state of the DLP chip unit, the laser passes through the Kude optical path and the transmitting telescope and then irradiates on the target, and the image of the single pulse laser returned from the target passes through the inverted transmitting telescope, the fast reflecting mirror (3), the Kude optical path, the TIR prism, the DLP chip unit after being powered on is imaged on the short wave optical imaging system (16), so as to obtain the imaging information of the target.
3. The TIR prism turning common aperture emission-based tomography method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, when the illumination pulse laser (25) emits the next pulse, and the DLP chip unit is in the off state, the next pulse is emitted to the target through the transmitting telescope, and when the target information is obtained, the miss distance of the target imaging is obtained, and the tracking control adjustment of the target is realized by adjusting the miss distance through adjusting the fast-reflection mirror (3).
4. The TIR prism turning common aperture emission based tomography method according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the illumination laser generates reflection on the surface of the DLP chip unit, and whether the DLP chip unit generates deflection can be controlled by controlling the switch of the DLP chip unit.
5. The tomography method based on TIR prism turning common-aperture emission as claimed in claim 4, wherein the DLP chip unit can generate 16-degree deflection after being powered on, and the light returned by the target is imaged on the short-wave optical imaging system (16) through the inverted transmitting telescope, the fast reflecting mirror (3), the Gordon light path, the TIR prism and the powered DLP chip unit at the gating distance in the gating time, so as to obtain the imaging information of the target.
6. The TIR prism turning common aperture emission based tomography method according to claim 5, wherein when the distance of the target is changing, focusing the emission angle of the pulse laser at different distances is realized by the illumination laser beam-reducing system (22), and the radiant flux to the target at different distances is realized.
7. The TIR prism turning common aperture emission based tomography method of claim 1, wherein the TIR prism comprises a TIR prism upper half (12) and a TIR prism lower half (13), the TIR prism upper half (12) being connected with the TIR prism lower half (13).
8. The tomography method based on TIR prism turning common-aperture emission according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising an illumination laser optical axis calibration step, wherein laser emitted by an illumination pulse laser (25) is collimated by an illumination laser collimating lens (24), then is adjusted by an illumination laser moving mirror (23) to realize deflection, and is transmitted to a relay DLP chip imaging optical system after being reflected by an illumination laser reflecting mirror (19) after passing through an illumination laser beam shrinking system (22), and light passing through the illumination laser reflecting mirror (19) points to an imaging micro lens (20) through an optical axis and is imaged on an optical axis pointing detector (21).
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