CN113252325B - Gas flow measuring device - Google Patents
Gas flow measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113252325B CN113252325B CN202110502929.4A CN202110502929A CN113252325B CN 113252325 B CN113252325 B CN 113252325B CN 202110502929 A CN202110502929 A CN 202110502929A CN 113252325 B CN113252325 B CN 113252325B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas flow measuring device, which comprises an air inlet part and a measuring part, wherein the air inlet part is connected with the measuring part; an air inlet and a pressure stabilizing cavity are arranged in the air inlet piece, and the pressure stabilizing cavity is communicated with the outside through the air inlet; the measuring piece comprises a lower body, a first testing cavity and a second testing cavity are arranged in the lower body, and the first testing cavity and the second testing cavity are both communicated with the pressure stabilizing cavity; the device lower part of the body is provided with a first test hole, a second test hole, a first measurement access and a second measurement access, wherein the first measurement access is simultaneously connected with the first test cavity and a product to be tested, and the second measurement access is simultaneously connected with the second test cavity and a product sample piece. The gas flow measuring device provided by the invention can be used for measuring whether the gas flow of a product to be measured meets the standard or not, is low in cost, reduces the influence of temperature, humidity and air pressure on the measurement accuracy, and is suitable for products to be measured with different models and different flow ranges.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring instruments, in particular to a gas flow measuring device.
Background
There are a number of products in the industry that require the measurement or verification of gas flow, such as gas valves for internal combustion engines that are fueled by natural gas, fuel nozzles for gas turbines that burn natural gas, and the like. These products are large in batch and narrow in flow range, and on the other hand, gas as a compressible medium is affected by daily atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and the like, and it is not easy to accurately measure the flow of the gas; there are several types of flow meters currently on the market, such as orifice plate flow meter based on GB/T2624-93, turbine flow meter based on GB/T18940-2003, vortex street flow meter based on JB/T9249-2015, and coriolis flow meter based on american standard ANSI/ASME MFC-11M-2006, which require pipelines to be built to install the flow meters and are still affected by temperature, humidity and air pressure to cause large variation in results. In addition, the same set of measuring pipeline and standard flowmeter are difficult to adapt to products of different models and different flow ranges.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide a gas flow measuring device, which can be used to measure whether the gas flow of a product to be measured meets the standard, has low cost, reduces the influence of temperature, humidity and air pressure on the measurement accuracy, and is suitable for products to be measured of different models and different flow ranges.
The invention relates to a gas flow measuring device, which comprises a gas inlet part and a measuring part, wherein the gas inlet part is connected with the measuring part; an air inlet and a pressure stabilizing cavity are arranged in the air inlet piece, and the pressure stabilizing cavity is communicated with the outside through the air inlet; the measuring piece comprises a lower body, a first testing cavity and a second testing cavity are arranged in the lower body, the first testing cavity and the second testing cavity are both communicated with the pressure stabilizing cavity, and the first testing cavity and the second testing cavity have the same size; a first test hole for communicating the first test cavity with the outside and a second test hole for communicating the second test cavity with the outside are arranged on the lower body of the device, and the second test hole has the same size and corresponds to the first test hole in position; the device lower body is provided with a first measuring passage and a second measuring passage, the first measuring passage and the second measuring passage are the same in size, the air inlet end of the first measuring passage is communicated with the first testing cavity, the air outlet end of the first measuring passage can be connected with a product to be tested, the air inlet end of the second measuring passage is communicated with the second testing cavity, and the air outlet end of the second measuring passage can be connected with a product sample piece.
The first test cavity and the second test cavity are respectively communicated with the first test hole and the second test hole, and the first test hole and the second test hole are respectively communicated with the first test hole and the second test hole; the measuring accessory comprises a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a U-shaped pipe and liquid arranged inside the U-shaped pipe, the air inlet end of the first connecting pipe can be connected with the first testing hole, the air inlet end of the second connecting pipe can be connected with the second testing hole, and the air outlet end of the first connecting pipe and the air outlet end of the second connecting pipe are respectively connected with two pipe orifices of the U-shaped pipe.
Furthermore, N first test holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first test cavity, N second test holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the second test cavity, and N is more than or equal to 2; the positions of the N second test holes correspond to the positions of the N first test holes one by one respectively; n first test hole and N all be provided with on the second test hole and dismantle the end cap.
Further, a first pressure adjusting gasket is arranged on the air inlet end of the first test cavity, and a first throttling hole is formed in the first pressure adjusting gasket; a second pressure adjusting gasket is arranged on the air inlet end of the second testing cavity, and a second throttling hole is formed in the second pressure adjusting gasket; the first orifice and the second orifice are the same size.
Further, the air inlet comprises an air inlet section and a reversing section communicated with the air inlet section, the axis direction of the reversing section is along the vertical direction, the axis of the pressure stabilizing cavity is collinear with the axis of the reversing section, the first testing cavity and the second testing cavity are symmetrical to each other, the first measuring passage and the second measuring passage are symmetrical to each other, and the first throttling hole and the second throttling hole are symmetrical to each other.
Furthermore, a porous partition plate is arranged in the pressure stabilizing cavity, the axis of the reversing section is perpendicular to the porous partition plate, and the porous partition plate divides the pressure stabilizing cavity into a volume upper cavity and a volume lower cavity.
Furthermore, a third test hole is formed in the lower body of the device, the air inlet end of the third test hole is communicated with the first test cavity, and the air outlet end of the third test hole is connected with a pressure gauge.
Further, the device also comprises a safety valve assembly, wherein a first bypass air passage and a second bypass air passage are arranged inside the lower body of the device, the first bypass air passage is communicated with the first testing cavity, the second bypass air passage is communicated with the second testing cavity, and the safety valve assembly can enable the first bypass air passage to be communicated with or disconnected from the second bypass air passage.
Further, the relief valve subassembly includes relief valve main part, case and actuating mechanism, the relief valve main part with the device lower part of the body is connected, the inside of relief valve main part is provided with the relief valve air flue, the relief valve air flue is including the air flue in the first valve, relief valve rear chamber, the front chamber of relief valve and the air flue in the second valve that communicate in proper order, the air flue in the first valve with first bypass air flue is linked together, the air flue in the second valve with second bypass air flue is linked together, the case is installed in the front chamber of the relief valve, actuating mechanism can drive the case is along fore-and-aft direction displacement, the case can backward displacement will the shutoff of relief valve rear chamber.
Further, an outer edge flange is arranged at the front end of the valve core, the driving mechanism comprises a top cover, a handle, a push rod and a spring, the front end of the spring abuts against the rear surface of the outer edge flange, the rear section of the spring abuts against the rear end of the front cavity of the safety valve, the top cover is arranged on the front side of the main body of the safety valve, a mounting hole which is communicated along the front-rear direction is formed in the middle of the top cover, the mounting hole comprises a threaded section and a unthreaded hole section, an external thread which is matched with the threaded section is arranged on the handle, the front end of the handle extends forwards out of the mounting hole, the rear end of the handle extends backwards out of the mounting hole, the front end of the push rod abuts against the rear end of the handle, and the rear end of the push rod abuts against the valve core; the front end of the push rod is provided with a front spherical surface, the middle part of the push rod is provided with an annular flange, the rear end of the push rod is provided with a rear spherical surface, the interior of the valve core is provided with an installation cavity with an upward opening, the installation cavity comprises a large-diameter section, a transition section and a small-diameter section which are sequentially arranged from front to back, the annular flange is in conformal fit with the inner wall of the large-diameter section, and the rear spherical surface is in conformal fit with the transition section; the rear end of the valve core is provided with a conical surface, the front end of the rear cavity of the safety valve is provided with a conical hole which can be fitted with the conical surface in a form-fitting manner, and the diameter of the conical hole increases progressively from the rear to the front.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the gas flow measuring device disclosed by the invention can be used for measuring whether the gas flow of a product to be measured meets the standard or not, is low in cost, can reduce the influence of temperature, humidity and air pressure on the measurement accuracy by comparing the product to be measured with a calibrated product sample piece under the same environment, and can be suitable for products to be measured with different models and different flow ranges; when the flow is judged to be qualified or not by sampling inspection for batch production of products, the upper and lower limits of the liquid level of the U-shaped pipe can be set, and whether the flow of the product to be detected is qualified or not can be quickly judged by judging whether the liquid level difference meets the upper and lower limits of the liquid level difference, so that the operation is simple and convenient, and the efficiency is high.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention (when the measuring member is not connected to the measuring attachment);
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 1 (at this time, the measuring member is not connected to the product to be measured and the product sample member);
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at I;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the push rod of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the valve cartridge of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention (in this case, the measuring unit is connected to the measuring attachment);
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the push rod of the present invention (in this case, the measuring member is connected to the product to be measured and the product sample).
Description of the reference numerals: 10-an air inlet part, 11-an air inlet joint, 111-an air inlet, 111 a-a reversing section, 111 b-an air inlet section, 12-a device upper body, 13-a porous partition plate, 14-a volume upper chamber, 15-a volume lower chamber, 20-a measuring part, 21-a device lower body, 221-a first test chamber, 222-a second test chamber, 231-a first test hole, 232-a second test hole, 24-a detachable plug, 251-a first measurement passage, 252-a second measurement passage, 261-a first pressure adjusting gasket, 262-a second pressure adjusting gasket, 271-a first orifice, 272-a second orifice, 281-a first bypass passage, 282-a second bypass passage, 291-a third test hole, 292-a pressure gauge, 30-a measuring accessory, 31-a first connecting pipe, 32-a second connecting pipe, 33-a U-shaped pipe, 34-liquid, 40-a safety valve component, 41-a safety valve main body, 42-a valve core, 421-an outer edge flanging, 422-a large-diameter section, 423-a transition section, 424-a small-diameter section, 425-a conical surface, 431-a first valve inner air passage, 432-a second valve inner air passage, 44-a safety valve rear cavity, 45-a safety valve front cavity, 46-a top cover, 461-a mounting hole, 47-a handle, 48-a push rod, 481-a front side spherical surface, 482-an annular flange, 483-a rear side spherical surface, 49-a spring, 51-a product to be measured and 52-a product sample piece.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a gas flow measuring device in the present embodiment includes an air intake member 10 and a measuring member 20; an air inlet 111 and a pressure stabilizing cavity are arranged in the air inlet part 10, and the pressure stabilizing cavity is communicated with the outside through the air inlet 111; the measuring part 20 comprises a device lower body 21, a first testing cavity 221 and a second testing cavity 222 are arranged in the device lower body 21, the first testing cavity 221 and the second testing cavity 222 are both communicated with the pressure stabilizing cavity, and the first testing cavity 221 and the second testing cavity 222 are the same in size; a first test hole 231 for communicating the first test chamber 221 with the outside and a second test hole 232 for communicating the second test chamber 222 with the outside are provided on the device lower body 21, the second test hole 232 is the same size and corresponding position as the first test hole 231; a first measuring passage 251 and a second measuring passage 252 are arranged on the device lower body 21, the first measuring passage 251 and the second measuring passage 252 have the same size, the air inlet end of the first measuring passage 251 is communicated with the first test cavity 221, the air outlet end of the first measuring passage 251 can be connected with a product 51 to be tested, the air inlet end of the second measuring passage 252 is communicated with the second test cavity 222, and the air outlet end of the second measuring passage 252 can be connected with a product sample piece 52; the air inlet part 10 comprises an air inlet joint 11 and an upper device body 12, the air inlet 111 is arranged in the air inlet joint 11, and the pressure stabilizing cavity is arranged in the upper device body 12.
The air source is connected with the air inlet connector 11, the product 51 to be tested is connected with the air outlet end of the first measuring passage 251, the product sample piece 52 is connected with the air outlet end of the second measuring passage 252, the air from the air source is connected with the air inlet connector 11, the air enters the pressure stabilizing cavity and then flows into the first testing cavity 221 and the second testing cavity 222 respectively, then the air in the first testing cavity 221 is sprayed out from the product 51 to be tested through the first measuring passage 251, the air in the second testing cavity 222 is sprayed out from the product sample piece 52 through the second measuring passage 252, the flow rates of the product 51 to be tested and the product sample piece 52 will affect the pressure in the first testing cavity 221 and the second testing cavity 222, if the flow rates of the product 51 to be tested and the product sample piece 52 to be tested are the same, the pressures of the first testing cavity 221 and the second testing cavity 222 at the same height position are the same, that is, the air pressure values measured through the first testing hole 231 and the corresponding second testing hole 232 are the same. The pressure difference between the first testing cavity 221 and the second testing cavity 222 can be measured whether to be within an allowable range or not by being connected with the first testing hole 231 and the corresponding second testing hole 232 through instrument measurement, so that whether the gas flow of the product 51 to be tested meets the standard or not is judged, the cost is low, the product 51 to be tested and the product sample piece 52 which is calibrated are compared under the same environment, the influence of the temperature and the humidity and the air pressure on the measurement accuracy can be reduced, and the device and the method are suitable for the products 51 to be tested with different models and different flow ranges. The instrument may be a conventional differential pressure gauge, or a measurement accessory 30 may be used, wherein the measurement accessory 30 is capable of communicating with the first test hole 231 and the second test hole 232, respectively, and detecting whether the air pressures in the first test chamber 221 and the second test chamber 222 are consistent; the measuring accessory 30 includes a first connecting pipe 31, a second connecting pipe 32, a U-shaped pipe 33, and a liquid 34 disposed inside the U-shaped pipe 33, wherein an air inlet end of the first connecting pipe 31 can be connected to the first testing hole 231, an air inlet end of the second connecting pipe 32 can be connected to the second testing hole 232, and an air outlet end of the first connecting pipe 31 and an air outlet end of the second connecting pipe 32 are respectively connected to two pipe orifices of the U-shaped pipe 33. The air inlet end of the first connecting pipe 31 is connected with the first testing hole 231, the air inlet end of the second connecting pipe 32 is connected with the second testing hole 232 of which the position corresponds to the first testing hole 231, and the relative pressure difference between the first testing hole 231 and the corresponding second testing hole 232 can be judged according to the liquid level difference of the liquid 34 in the U-shaped pipe 33, so that whether the gas flow of the product 51 to be tested meets the standard or not is judged, the measurement result can be displayed very intuitively, when the flow is judged to be qualified or not by sampling inspection for product batch production, the upper and lower limits of the liquid level of the U-shaped pipe 33 can be set, whether the flow of the product 51 to be tested is qualified or not can be judged quickly by judging whether the liquid level difference meets the upper and lower limits of the liquid level difference, the operation is simple and convenient, and the efficiency is high.
In this embodiment, N first test holes 231 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first test cavity 221, and N second test holes 232 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the second test cavity 222, where N is greater than or equal to 2; the positions of the N second test holes 232 and the N first test holes 231 are in one-to-one correspondence respectively; the N first test holes 231 and the N second test holes 232 are respectively provided with a detachable plug 24; a first pressure adjustment gasket 261 is arranged on the air inlet end of the first test chamber 221, and a first orifice 271 is arranged inside the first pressure adjustment gasket 261; a second pressure adjusting shim 262 is arranged on the air inlet end of the second test chamber 222, and a second orifice 272 is arranged inside the second pressure adjusting shim 262; the first throttle hole 271 and the second throttle hole 272 have the same size. N is an integer, N =4 in the present embodiment. The process that the air in the pressure stabilizing cavity respectively enters the first test cavity 221 and the second test cavity 222 through the first orifice 271 and the second orifice 272 is a jet flow process, vortices are generated on two sides of the axial line of the first test cavity 221 and the second test cavity 222 in the process, the positions of vortex areas generated by the vortex areas are different when products in different flow ranges are measured, and in order to avoid unstable vortex areas when the products in different flow ranges are measured, the universality of the invention is improved, so N is more than or equal to 2 in the embodiment, N first test holes 231 are arranged at intervals along the axial line direction of the first test cavity 221, and N second test holes 232 are arranged at intervals along the axial line direction of the second test cavity 222.
In this embodiment, the air inlet 111 includes an air inlet section 111b and a direction changing section 111a communicated with the air inlet section 111b, an axial direction of the direction changing section 111a is along an up-down direction, an axial line of the pressure maintaining cavity is collinear with an axial line of the direction changing section 111a, the first test cavity 221 and the second test cavity 222 are symmetrical to each other, the first measurement passage 251 and the second measurement passage 252 are symmetrical to each other, and the first throttle 271 and the second throttle 272 are symmetrical to each other. After entering from the gas inlet 111, the gas is finally respectively ejected from the product 51 to be tested and the product sample 52, and the structures and the sizes of all parts in the gas flow path are the same, so that the pressures in the first test chamber 221 and the second test chamber 222 are only affected by the product 51 to be tested and the product sample 52.
In this embodiment, a porous partition plate 13 is arranged inside the pressure stabilizing cavity, the axis of the reversing section 111a is perpendicular to the porous partition plate 13, and the porous partition plate 13 divides the pressure stabilizing cavity into a volume upper cavity 14 and a volume lower cavity 15. The porous partition plate 13 can ensure that the gas pressure in the volume lower cavity 15 is uniform and relatively stable, so that the measurement result is more accurate.
In this embodiment, a third testing hole 291 is formed in the lower body 21, an air inlet of the third testing hole 291 is connected to the first testing chamber 221, and an air outlet of the third testing hole 291 is connected to a pressure gauge 292. The pressure gauge 292 functions to ensure that the flow test of the product 51 under test meets the product specified backpressure range, in addition to providing the inlet pressure of the product 51 under test for flow calculation.
In this embodiment, a safety valve assembly 40 is further included, a first bypass passage 281 and a second bypass passage 282 are provided in the device lower body 21, the first bypass passage 281 is communicated with the first test chamber 221, the second bypass passage 282 is communicated with the second test chamber 222, and the safety valve assembly 40 can connect or disconnect the first bypass passage 281 and the second bypass passage 282.
In this embodiment, the safety valve assembly 40 includes a safety valve main body 41, a valve core 42, and a driving mechanism, the safety valve main body 41 is connected to the device lower body 21, a safety valve air passage is disposed inside the safety valve main body 41, the safety valve air passage includes a first valve inner air passage 431, a safety valve rear chamber 44, a safety valve front chamber 45, and a second valve inner air passage 432, which are sequentially connected, the first valve inner air passage 431 is communicated with the first bypass air passage 281, the second valve inner air passage 432 is communicated with the second bypass air passage 282, the valve core 42 is installed in the safety valve front chamber 45, the driving mechanism can drive the valve core 42 to displace in the front-rear direction, and the valve core 42 can displace in the rear direction to block the safety valve rear chamber 44.
In this embodiment, an outer edge flange 421 is disposed at the front end of the valve core 42, the driving mechanism includes a top cover 46, a handle 47, a push rod 48 and a spring 49, the front end of the spring 49 abuts against the rear surface of the outer edge flange 421, the rear section of the spring 49 abuts against the rear end of the safety valve front cavity 45, the top cover 46 is disposed at the front side of the safety valve main body 41, an installation hole 461 penetrating in the front-rear direction is disposed in the middle of the top cover 46, the installation hole 461 includes a threaded section and a smooth hole section, an external thread engaged with the threaded section is disposed on the handle 47, the front end of the handle 47 extends forward out of the installation hole 461, the rear end of the handle 47 extends out of the installation hole 461 rearward, the front end of the push rod 48 abuts against the rear end of the handle 47, and the rear end of the push rod 48 abuts against the valve core 42. The spring 49 is compressed, the valve core 42 has a forward movement tendency due to the elastic force of the spring 49, and the handle 47 is moved backward by rotating the handle 47, so that the push rod 48 and the valve core 42 can be driven to overcome the elastic force of the spring 49, and the valve core 42 is gradually blocked in the safety valve rear cavity 44. When the blocking state of the safety valve rear cavity 44 needs to be released, the handle 47 is rotated to move the handle 47 forward, and the valve core 42 gradually moves away from the safety valve rear cavity 44 under the elastic force of the spring 49. In order to prevent the safety valve forechamber 45 from gas leakage, a first sealing ring is arranged between the safety valve main body 41 and the device lower body 21, and a second sealing ring is arranged between the unthreaded hole section and the handle 47.
In this embodiment, a front spherical surface 481 is arranged at the front end of the push rod 48, an annular flange 482 is arranged in the middle of the push rod 48, a rear spherical surface 483 is arranged at the rear end of the push rod 48, an installation cavity with an upward opening is arranged in the valve core 42, the installation cavity comprises a large-diameter section 422, a transition section 423 and a small-diameter section 424 which are sequentially arranged from front to back, the annular flange 482 is fitted with the inner wall of the large-diameter section 422, and the rear spherical surface 483 is fitted with the transition section 423; the rear end of the valve core 42 is provided with a conical surface 425, the front end of the safety valve rear cavity 44 is provided with a conical hole which can be in conformal fit with the conical surface 425, and the diameter of the conical hole increases from the rear to the front. Annular flange 482 can be used for when assembling location and direction, and rear side sphere 483 and changeover portion 423 cooperation can have from the centering action, and the contact messenger at conical surface 425 and bell mouth makes can guarantee that the atress is even, prevents that unilateral unbalance loading and the leakproofness that causes is bad.
When the invention is used for measuring or verifying the gas flow, the invention comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the air source is connected with the air inlet joint 11, the product 51 to be measured is connected with the air outlet end of the first measuring passage 251, the product sample piece 52 is connected with the air outlet end of the second measuring passage 252, the air inlet end of the first connecting pipe 31 is connected with the first testing hole 231, and the air inlet end of the second connecting pipe 32 is connected with the second testing hole 232 corresponding to the first testing hole 231 in position. The air inlet joint 11 is connected with air from an air source, the air is usually compressed air with several times or even more than ten times of atmospheric pressure, the air enters the volume upper chamber 14, then passes through the porous partition 13, enters the volume lower chamber 15, and then is divided into two paths, one path enters the first test chamber 221 through the first orifice 271 of the first pressure adjusting gasket 261, the other path enters the second test chamber 222 through the second orifice 272 of the second pressure adjusting gasket 262, the air in the first test chamber 221 then passes through the first measurement channel 251 and is finally ejected from the external product 51 to be tested, and the air in the second test chamber 222 then passes through the second measurement channel 252 and is finally ejected from the external product sample 52. The safety valve assembly 40 is in a normally open state at the beginning, and the first bypass passage 281 is communicated with the second bypass passage 282, so that the air pressure in the first test chamber 221 and the air pressure in the second test chamber 222 are the same, the air inlet pressure of the product 51 to be tested is completely the same as the air inlet pressure of the product sample 52, and there is no liquid level difference in the liquid 34 in the U-shaped pipe 33.
The second step: the handle 47 is rotated to push the push rod 48 to move backwards, so that the distance between the valve core 42 and the tapered hole is gradually reduced, the liquid level difference in the U-shaped pipe 33 is concerned all the time in the process of rotating the handle 47, if the liquid level difference is large, the liquid 34 enters the first connecting pipe 31 or the second connecting pipe 32 to stop rotating and replace the U-shaped pipe 33 with a larger range in time, if the liquid level difference is small or no liquid level difference exists, the handle 47 is continuously rotated until the conical surface 425 is in fit with the tapered hole, the safety valve rear cavity 44 is blocked, so that the first bypass air passage 281 is disconnected from the second bypass air passage 282, and the first test cavity 221 is not communicated with the second test cavity 222.
The third step: the product 51 to be tested and the product sample 52 can be equivalent to one orifice as a whole, and due to the existence of the first orifice 271 and the second orifice 272, the volume lower cavity 15 is equivalent to be finally communicated with the external atmosphere environment through the first orifice 271 and the product 51 to be tested which are connected in series, and the volume lower cavity 15 is finally communicated with the external atmosphere environment through the second orifice 272 and the product sample 52 which are connected in series; after the safety valve assembly 40 closes and cuts off the communication between the first test chamber 221 and the second test chamber 222, when the flow rates of the product 51 to be tested and the product sample 52 are different, the pressure on the passage between the first orifice 271 and the product 51 to be tested and the pressure on the same height on the passage between the second orifice 272 and the product sample 52 will not be equal, that is, the pressures on the first test hole 231 and the second test hole 232 on the same height will not be equal, so the U-shaped tube 33 at this time will generate a liquid level difference Δ H, the liquid level difference Δ H in the U-shaped tube 33 is mainly caused by the flow rate difference between the product 51 to be tested and the product sample 52, and whether the flow rate of the product 51 to be tested meets the standard or not can be determined through the relative position relationship of the liquid levels and the size of the liquid level difference Δ H. Of course, the invention can also be used to measure the flow of the product 51 to be measured, falseLet the gas in the first and second orifices 271, 272, the product sample 52 and the product 51 to be measured all flow at the speed of sound, and the pressure gauge 292 reads P a The level difference of the liquid 34 in the U-shaped tube is Δ H (its value may be positive or negative), the density of the liquid 34 in the U-shaped tube is ρ, and the flow rate of the calibrated product sample 52 is Q s Then, the flow rate of the product 51 to be measured can be obtained by the following formula:
in the formula, Q m The flow of the product 51 to be measured, g is the gravity acceleration, and k is the isentropic index.
It is easy to understand that for a specific model of product, according to the flow range required by the product, when the reading of the pressure gauge 292 is a certain value and the change is not large, the allowable liquid level difference Δ h can be calculated 1 When in actual measurement, the actual liquid level difference delta h can be directly observed 2 When Δ h is 2 At Δ h 1 The upper and lower limits of the liquid level of the U-shaped pipe 33 can be set when the flow of the product 51 to be measured is qualified, so that the upper and lower limits of the liquid level of the product 51 to be measured can be set when the product is produced in batches without flow marking and only whether the flow is qualified is judged, and the flow of the product 51 to be measured in batches can be quickly measured. The invention can realize the flow test of the products 51 to be tested with different types of spectrums and different flow ranges by adjusting the air source pressure, adjusting the diameters of the first throttling hole 271 and the second throttling hole 272 and matching with the correct U-shaped pipe 33 or the standard type of the differential pressure gauge.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A gas flow measuring device characterized by: comprises an air inlet part (10) and a measuring part (20); an air inlet (111) and a pressure stabilizing cavity are arranged in the air inlet piece (10), and the pressure stabilizing cavity is communicated with the outside through the air inlet (111); the measuring part (20) comprises a lower device body (21), a first testing cavity (221) and a second testing cavity (222) are arranged inside the lower device body (21), the first testing cavity (221) and the second testing cavity (222) are both communicated with the pressure stabilizing cavity, and the first testing cavity (221) and the second testing cavity (222) are the same in size; a first test hole (231) for communicating the first test cavity (221) with the outside and a second test hole (232) for communicating the second test cavity (222) with the outside are arranged on the device lower body (21), and the second test hole (232) is the same as the first test hole (231) in size and corresponds to the first test hole in position; a first measuring passage (251) and a second measuring passage (252) are arranged on the device lower body (21), the first measuring passage (251) and the second measuring passage (252) are the same in size, the air inlet end of the first measuring passage (251) is communicated with the first testing cavity (221), the air outlet end of the first measuring passage (251) can be connected with a product (51) to be tested, the air inlet end of the second measuring passage (252) is communicated with the second testing cavity (222), and the air outlet end of the second measuring passage (252) can be connected with a product sample piece (52);
n first test holes (231) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first test cavity (221), N second test holes (232) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the second test cavity (222), and N is more than or equal to 2; the positions of the N second testing holes (232) are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the N first testing holes (231); n first test hole (231) and N all be provided with on second test hole (232) and dismantle end cap (24).
2. The gas flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a measuring accessory (30), wherein the measuring accessory (30) can be respectively communicated with the first testing hole (231) and the second testing hole (232) and can detect whether the air pressure in the first testing cavity (221) is consistent with the air pressure in the second testing cavity (222); the measuring accessory (30) comprises a first connecting pipe (31), a second connecting pipe (32), a U-shaped pipe (33) and liquid (34) arranged inside the U-shaped pipe (33), wherein the air inlet end of the first connecting pipe (31) can be connected with the first testing hole (231), the air inlet end of the second connecting pipe (32) can be connected with the second testing hole (232), and the air outlet end of the first connecting pipe (31) and the air outlet end of the second connecting pipe (32) are respectively connected with two pipe orifices of the U-shaped pipe (33).
3. The gas flow measurement device of claim 2, wherein: a first pressure adjusting gasket (261) is arranged on the air inlet end of the first test cavity (221), and a first throttling hole (271) is formed in the first pressure adjusting gasket (261); a second pressure adjusting gasket (262) is arranged on the air inlet end of the second test cavity (222), and a second throttling hole (272) is formed in the second pressure adjusting gasket (262); the first throttle hole (271) and the second throttle hole (272) are the same in size.
4. The gas flow measurement device of claim 3, wherein: the air inlet (111) comprises an air inlet section (111 b) and a reversing section (111 a) communicated with the air inlet section (111 b), the axial direction of the reversing section (111 a) is along the vertical direction, the axial line of the pressure stabilizing cavity is collinear with the axial line of the reversing section (111 a), the first testing cavity (221) and the second testing cavity (222) are symmetrical to each other, the first measuring passage (251) and the second measuring passage (252) are symmetrical to each other, and the first throttle hole (271) and the second throttle hole (272) are symmetrical to each other.
5. The gas flow measurement device of claim 4, wherein: the inside in steady voltage chamber is provided with porous baffle (13), the axis perpendicular to of switching-over section (111 a) porous baffle (13), porous baffle (13) will steady voltage chamber separates for volume epicoele (14) and volume cavity of resorption (15).
6. The gas flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein: a third test hole (291) is formed in the lower body (21), the air inlet end of the third test hole (291) is communicated with the first test cavity (221), and the air outlet end of the third test hole (291) is connected with a pressure gauge (292).
7. The gas flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the device further comprises a safety valve assembly (40), a first bypass air passage (281) and a second bypass air passage (282) are arranged inside the device lower body (21), the first bypass air passage (281) is communicated with the first testing cavity (221), the second bypass air passage (282) is communicated with the second testing cavity (222), and the safety valve assembly (40) can enable the first bypass air passage (281) to be communicated with or disconnected from the second bypass air passage (282).
8. The gas flow measurement device of claim 7, wherein: the safety valve assembly (40) comprises a safety valve main body (41), a valve core (42) and a driving mechanism, wherein the safety valve main body (41) is connected with the lower body (21), a safety valve air passage is arranged inside the safety valve main body (41), the safety valve air passage comprises a first valve inner air passage (431), a safety valve rear cavity (44), a safety valve front cavity (45) and a second valve inner air passage (432) which are sequentially communicated, the first valve inner air passage (431) is communicated with the first bypass air passage (281), the second valve inner air passage (432) is communicated with the second bypass air passage (282), the valve core (42) is installed in the safety valve front cavity (45), the driving mechanism can drive the valve core (42) to displace along the front-back direction, and the valve core (42) can displace backwards to block the safety valve rear cavity (44).
9. The gas flow measurement device of claim 8, wherein: the front end of the valve core (42) is provided with an outer edge flanging (421), the driving mechanism comprises a top cover (46), a handle (47), a push rod (48) and a spring (49), the front end of the spring (49) is abutted against the rear surface of the outer edge flanging (421), the rear section of the spring (49) is abutted against the rear end of the safety valve front cavity (45), the top cover (46) is arranged on the front side of the safety valve main body (41), the middle part of the top cover (46) is provided with a mounting hole (461) penetrating along the front-back direction, the mounting hole (461) comprises a threaded section and a light hole section, the handle (47) is provided with an external thread matched with the threaded section, the front end of the handle (47) is forwards abutted against the mounting hole (461), the rear end of the handle (47) backwards extends out of the mounting hole (461), the front end of the push rod (48) is abutted against the rear end of the handle (47), and the rear end of the push rod (48) is abutted against the valve core (42); the front end of the push rod (48) is provided with a front side spherical surface (481), the middle part of the push rod (48) is provided with an annular flange (482), the rear end of the push rod (48) is provided with a rear side spherical surface (483), the interior of the valve core (42) is provided with an installation cavity with an upward opening, the installation cavity comprises a large-diameter section (422), a transition section (423) and a small-diameter section (424) which are sequentially arranged from front to back, the annular flange (482) is in conformal fit with the inner wall of the large-diameter section (422), and the rear side spherical surface (483) is in conformal fit with the transition section (423); the rear end of the valve core (42) is provided with a conical surface (425), the front end of the safety valve rear cavity (44) is provided with a conical hole which can be in conformal fit with the conical surface (425), and the diameter of the conical hole increases from the rear to the front.
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