CN113249584B - Recycling method of alloy return material for turbine blade of aero-engine - Google Patents
Recycling method of alloy return material for turbine blade of aero-engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113249584B CN113249584B CN202110359888.8A CN202110359888A CN113249584B CN 113249584 B CN113249584 B CN 113249584B CN 202110359888 A CN202110359888 A CN 202110359888A CN 113249584 B CN113249584 B CN 113249584B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a recycling method of an alloy return material for turbine blades of an aero-engine, which comprises the following steps: s1, pretreatment: performing preliminary inspection on K465 returns, classifying the returns into scrapped leaves and other types according to material types, performing sand blasting, acid washing and water washing on the returns respectively, and removing residual moisture on the surfaces; s2, remelting and purifying: the scrapped leaves are used as return alloy ingots after pretreatment; carrying out electroslag remelting purification on other types of alloy, and smelting the alloy into a return alloy ingot; s3, pouring: heating to the pouring temperature under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, completely melting the return material alloy ingot, heating to the refining temperature under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 0.67Pa, refining for 2-7min, cooling to the pouring temperature, preserving heat, and pouring in a die shell. The method is beneficial to realizing the cyclic utilization of rare and precious metal resources and has great economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for recycling alloy return materials for turbine blades of an aero-engine.
Background
With the increasing of the thrust-weight ratio of the engine, the proportion of the high-temperature alloy material in the aircraft engine is higher and higher, especially the core components of the aircraft engine, such as turbine blades, guide blades and the like. The K465 alloy has high yield strength, low heat conductivity coefficient and excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, so that the K465 alloy is widely applied to the field of aeroengines, but due to the characteristics of a casting process, the utilization rate of the K465 alloy is low, particularly on turbine rotor blades with complex structures, the utilization rate is about 15%, a large amount of K465 alloy is wasted in the forms of material heads, pouring channels, dead heads, scrapped parts, cutting scraps and the like, and the wasted alloy is generally called as high-temperature alloy return material. The K465 alloy is a heat-resistant casting nickel-based high-temperature alloy, needs to be added with a large amount of Mo, W, Nb and other refractory elements for smelting preparation, and because of the relative scarcity of Ni and Co mineral resources in China, the purchasing price of Ni, Co and other metals rises year by year and the price fluctuation is large under the influence of the market. At present, systematic research on the remelting utilization of the K465 high-temperature returned gold material in purification is not carried out, so that the research on the purifying remelting utilization of the K465 returned alloy material has huge economic value and is beneficial to realizing the cyclic utilization of rare and precious metal resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the method for recycling the alloy return material for the turbine blade of the aircraft engine is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for recycling alloy return materials for turbine blades of aeroengines comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment: performing preliminary inspection on K465 returns, classifying the returns into scrapped leaves and other types according to material types, performing sand blasting, acid washing and water washing on the returns respectively, and removing residual moisture on the surfaces;
s2, remelting and purifying:
the scrapped leaves are used as return alloy ingots after being pretreated;
for other types, firstly carrying out electroslag remelting and purification, and then smelting into a return alloy ingot;
s3, pouring: heating to the pouring temperature under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, completely melting the return material alloy ingot, heating to the refining temperature under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 0.67Pa, refining for 2-7min, cooling to the pouring temperature, preserving heat, and pouring in a die shell.
Furthermore, in S1, quartz sand with the granularity of 80-100 meshes is adopted for sand blowing, and the sand blowing pressure is 0.3-0.7 MPa.
Further, quartz sand with the particle size of 90 meshes is adopted for sand blowing in S1, and the sand blowing pressure is 0.5 MPa.
Further, other categories in S1 include runners, dead head portions, and the like.
Further, the processing of S2 for the rejected leaf is specifically:
primary smelting: putting a K465 new material into a crucible of a vacuum induction furnace, adding the pretreated K465 return material into the crucible for melting after the new material is melted, wherein the melting time is 3-7h, alloy refining is performed after the melting is completed, the vacuum degree is not more than 1Pa in the refining period, the refining time is not less than 60min, heating is stopped after refining, and the alloy is stirred;
primary pouring: cleaning the ingot mould before pouring, then baking the ingot mould to 380-;
chemical composition detection and adjustment: analyzing chemical components of the ingot poured after the return material is smelted, and carrying out secondary refining if the components meet the requirements; if the components do not meet the requirements, adjusting the relevant element ingots to enable the components to meet the requirements, and then carrying out secondary refining;
secondary refining: and (3) in a crucible of the vacuum induction furnace, carrying out secondary refining by transmitting electricity in a stepped manner and heating to 1560-1620 ℃, wherein the secondary refining time is 30-70min, the vacuum degree is controlled within 1Pa during the refining, and after the secondary refining is finished, cooling to the surface of the alloy solution to form a film, and then casting into a return alloy ingot.
Further, the gas content in the primary smelting process furnace is monitored, and O, N content is deoxidized to smelting level O less than or equal to 10ppm, N less than or equal to 10ppm, H less than or equal to 10ppm and S less than or equal to 10ppm by adopting deoxidizer according to the full smelting components and gas conditions.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:
the chemical components of the waste blades are stable relative to other return materials, and the impurities contained in the waste blades are less, so that the pretreated waste blades can be directly used as the return materials to smelt K465 master alloy ingots. The return materials are purified through smelting, pouring and secondary refining, the element content is adjusted through strictly controlling the conditions in the smelting process and assisting a chemical analysis method, and the K465 alloy meeting the use requirements of the turbine blade of the aero-engine is produced.
Further, the S2 specifically includes, for other types of processing:
electroslag remelting purification: putting the K465 return material into a vacuum induction furnace for remelting, taking component samples after full melting, and checking O, N, H actual control levels of gas and chemical elements after remelting by gas; the material melting time is controlled to be 3-7h in the material melting period, the vacuum degree in the refining period is not more than 1Pa, and the refining time is not less than 60 min; monitoring the gas content in the smelting process, and removing O, N content to a smelting level by adopting a deoxidizer according to the components and the gas condition of the return material after full melting; adjusting easily-burnt elements of Al, Ti and other electric slag to be within electrode specifications according to the sampling components of the full-melting sample, then pouring an electrode, and remelting electroslag to form an electroslag ingot after the surface of the electrode is polished;
primary smelting: putting K465 new materials into a crucible of a vacuum induction furnace, adding an electroslag ingot into the crucible to melt after the new materials are melted, wherein the melting time is 3-7h, alloy refining is carried out after the melting is finished, the vacuum degree in the refining period is not more than 1Pa, the refining time is not less than 60min, heating is stopped after refining, and the alloy is stirred;
primary pouring: cleaning the ingot mould before pouring, then baking the ingot mould to 380-;
chemical composition detection and adjustment: analyzing chemical components of the ingot poured after the return material is smelted, and carrying out secondary refining if the components meet the requirements; if the components do not meet the requirements, adjusting the material ingot of the related element to enable the material ingot to meet the requirements, and then carrying out secondary refining;
secondary refining: and (3) in a crucible of the vacuum induction furnace, carrying out secondary refining by transmitting electricity in a stepped manner and heating to 1560-1620 ℃, wherein the secondary refining time is 30-70min, the vacuum degree is controlled within 1Pa during the refining, and after the secondary refining is finished, cooling to the surface of the alloy solution to form a film, and then casting into a return alloy ingot.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:
because a pouring channel and a casting head are influenced by a pouring mode and usually contain impurities such as partial refractory materials, filter screens and the like, if the impurities are directly used as return materials to be fed into a furnace for smelting a mother alloy ingot, the internal quality of the mother alloy ingot is difficult to ensure, and therefore, the return materials need to be subjected to electroslag remelting and purification. The method comprises the steps of smelting, pouring and secondary refining after electroslag remelting and purification to purify return materials, and adjusting element content by strictly controlling conditions in the smelting process and using a chemical analysis method to produce the K465 alloy meeting the use requirements of turbine blades of aeroengines.
Further, the gas content is monitored in the electroslag remelting purification and the primary smelting process, and a deoxidizer is adopted to deoxidize O, N content to smelting levels of O less than or equal to 10ppm, N less than or equal to 10ppm, H less than or equal to 10ppm and S less than or equal to 10ppm according to the total smelting components and gas conditions.
Further, the proportion of the return material in the S2 is 30-70 w%; preferably 50 wt%.
Further, S3 specifically includes: putting the return material alloy ingot into a crucible, adjusting the power transmission to 10-30KW to heat the crucible for 3-10min under the condition that the vacuum degree of smelting equipment is less than 2Pa, then heating for 10-30min at the maximum power, adjusting the power transmission to 20-40KW to refine the alloy liquid after the return material alloy ingot is completely melted, wherein the vacuum degree of the smelting equipment is less than 0.67Pa, the refining temperature is 1500 + 1590 ℃, and the refining time is 5min during the refining period; after refining is finished, stopping power transmission for 2-8min, and adjusting the power transmission power to 10-30KW to preserve the heat of the alloy liquid after the temperature of the alloy liquid is reduced to the pouring temperature; and (4) putting the mould shell into smelting equipment, stopping power transmission, and pouring.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the K465 alloy return material is divided into the waste blade type and other types which can be directly used, and the K465 alloy meeting the use requirements of turbine blades of aeroengines is produced by the methods of alloy remelting purification technology, chemical analysis and the like, so that the utilization rate of K465 master alloy ingots is improved, resources are saved, the cyclic utilization of rare and precious metal resources is realized, the waste of rare mineral resources is reduced, and the method has great economic value.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
A method for recycling alloy return materials for turbine blades of aeroengines comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment: performing preliminary inspection on K465 returns, classifying the returns into scrapped leaves and other types according to material types, performing sand blasting, acid washing and water washing on the returns respectively, and removing residual moisture on the surfaces;
s2, remelting and purifying:
the scrapped leaves are used as return alloy ingots after pretreatment;
for other types, firstly carrying out electroslag remelting and purification, and then smelting into a return alloy ingot;
s3, pouring: heating to the pouring temperature under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, completely melting the return material alloy ingot, heating to the refining temperature under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 0.67Pa, refining for 2-7min, cooling to the pouring temperature, preserving heat, and pouring in a die shell.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for recycling alloy return materials for turbine blades of aero-engines, which comprises the following steps:
1. purifying and pretreating K465 return materials;
(1) the K465 return materials are preliminarily inspected, the return materials (casting heads, pouring channels, waste blades and the like) with different material types are classified, the return materials can be divided into two types, one type is a scrapped blade, and the other type is the rest return materials except the blade, such as the pouring channels, the casting head parts and the like.
(2) And respectively carrying out sand blowing treatment, acid washing and water washing on the different types of return materials, and then removing residual moisture on the surface of the material by using compressed air.
2. Remelting and purifying K465 return material
The chemical components of the waste blades are stable relative to other return materials, and the impurities are less, so the pretreated waste blades can be directly used as the return materials to smelt K465 master alloy ingots, and the return ratio is set to be 50%.
(1) Alloy is smelted once
Putting a K465 new material into a smelting crucible, smelting an alloy by using a vacuum induction smelting furnace, adding a pretreated K465 return material (waste blades) into the crucible to be molten after the new material is molten, controlling the material melting time to be 5h, slowly melting the material as far as possible to fully release gas in the material, requiring high vacuum pumping in the whole material melting period, carrying out alloy refining after the material melting is finished, ensuring that the vacuum degree in the refining period is not more than 1Pa, ensuring that the refining time is not less than 60min, stopping heating after the refining, and carrying out low-frequency stirring treatment on the alloy. Monitoring the gas content in the smelting process furnace, and removing O, N content to smelting level by adopting deoxidants such as carbon, Al and the like according to the full-melting components and gas conditions, wherein the following steps are ensured: o is less than or equal to 10ppm, N is less than or equal to 10ppm, H is less than or equal to 10ppm, and S is less than or equal to 10 ppm.
(2) Alloy one-time pouring
Cleaning the ingot mould before pouring to ensure that the inside of the ingot mould is free from rust and metal splashes, baking the ingot mould after the cleaning is qualified, baking to 400 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours. In the pouring process, a slag dam and a ceramic filter screen are arranged on a funnel, and a heat-insulating cap opening is embedded in an ingot mold, so that solidification shrinkage cavities are reduced.
(3) Chemical composition detection and adjustment
Analyzing chemical components of the ingot poured after the return material is smelted, and carrying out secondary refining if the components are within the specified range of technical conditions; when some elements of the primary material ingot do not meet the technical condition requirements, the related element material ingot is prepared for adjustment, so that the components of the adjusting component material and the total material of the primary material ingot meet the technical condition requirements.
(4) Secondary refining
And (3) putting the qualified primary ingot into a crucible of a vacuum induction furnace, starting equipment for vacuumizing, when the vacuum degree is less than 0.67Pa, carrying out secondary refining by carrying out stepped power transmission and heating to 1590 ℃, wherein the secondary refining time is 50min, the vacuum degree is controlled within 1Pa during refining, and cooling to form a film on the surface of the alloy solution after the secondary refining is finished. And then cast into a return K465 alloy ingot.
3. Casting turbine blades using K465 alloy (containing return material)
Before pouring, the vacuum degree and the steam leakage rate of equipment need to be checked, wherein the vacuum degree requirement is as follows: when the furnace body and the crucible are dried, the time for vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is less than 0.67Pa is not more than 15 min; the air leakage rate requirement is as follows: the air leakage rate of the belt crucible is not more than 0.53Pa/min when the belt crucible is detected. Putting a K465 alloy (containing return materials) into a crucible, adjusting the power transmission power to 20KW to heat the crucible for 5min under the condition of ensuring that the vacuum degree of smelting equipment is less than 2Pa, then heating for 20min at the maximum power, adjusting the power transmission power to 30KW to refine the alloy liquid after the K465 alloy (containing return materials) is completely melted, and ensuring that the vacuum degree of the equipment is less than 0.67Pa, the refining temperature is 1590 ℃ and the refining time is 5min during the refining. And after refining is finished, stopping power transmission for 5min, adjusting the power transmission power to 20KW to preserve the heat of the alloy liquid after the temperature of the alloy liquid is reduced to the pouring temperature, putting the calcined formwork into smelting equipment, and stopping power transmission and pouring after the formwork enters the specified position of the equipment.
Example 2
The invention provides a method for recycling alloy return materials for turbine blades of aeroengines, which comprises the following steps:
1. purifying and pretreating K465 return materials;
(1) the K465 return materials are preliminarily inspected, the return materials (casting heads, pouring channels, waste blades and the like) with different material types are classified, the return materials can be divided into two types, one type is a scrapped blade, and the other type is the rest return materials except the blade, such as the pouring channels, the casting head parts and the like.
(2) And respectively carrying out sand blowing treatment, acid washing and water washing on the different types of return materials, and then removing residual moisture on the surface of the material by using compressed air.
2. Remelting and purifying K465 return material
Because a pouring channel and a casting head are influenced by a pouring mode and usually contain impurities such as partial refractory materials, filter screens and the like, if the impurities are directly used as return materials to be fed into a furnace for smelting a mother alloy ingot, the internal quality of the mother alloy ingot is difficult to ensure, and therefore, the return materials need to be subjected to electroslag remelting and purification. The return ratio after electroslag remelting purification was set to 50%.
(1) Remelting and purifying K465 return materials (pouring channels and riser parts)
And (3) putting the K465 return material (pouring channel and riser part) into a vacuum induction furnace for remelting, taking component samples and gas after the return material is completely molten, and inspecting according to the technical condition requirements. And detecting O, N, H actual control levels of gas and chemical elements after the return material is subjected to vacuum remelting. Controlling the material melting time to be 5h in the material melting period, slowing the material to fully release gas in the material, requiring high vacuum pumping in the whole material melting period, ensuring the vacuum degree in the refining period not to exceed 1Pa, and ensuring the refining time to be not less than 60 min; monitoring gas content in the smelting process, and removing O, N content to a smelting level by adopting deoxidizers such as carbon, Al and the like according to the components and gas conditions of the return materials after full smelting, wherein the deoxidizers are ensured to be as follows: o is less than or equal to 10ppm, N is less than or equal to 10ppm, H is less than or equal to 10ppm, and S is less than or equal to 10 ppm; according to the sampling components of the full-melting sample, the easily-burnt loss elements of the electric slag such as Al, Ti and the like are adjusted to the electrode specification, and the chemical components after the electric slag remelting meet the technical condition requirements. And after the components are qualified, pouring, arranging a slag dam on a pouring funnel to filter refractory material impurities, and pouring two phi 200mm electrodes. Electroslag remelting is carried out after the electrode surface is polished to obtain 2 electroslag ingots with the phi of 300 mm.
(2) Alloy is smelted once
Putting K465 new materials into a smelting crucible, smelting the alloy by using a vacuum induction smelting furnace, adding an electroslag ingot into the crucible to be smelted after the new materials are smelted, controlling the material smelting time to be 5h, slowly smelting the materials as far as possible, fully releasing gas in the materials, requiring high vacuum pumping in the whole material smelting period, carrying out alloy refining after the material smelting is finished, ensuring that the vacuum degree in the refining period is not more than 1Pa, ensuring that the refining time is not less than 60min, stopping heating after the refining, and carrying out low-frequency stirring treatment on the alloy. Monitoring the gas content in the smelting process furnace, and removing O, N content to smelting level by adopting deoxidants such as carbon, Al and the like according to the full-melting components and gas conditions, wherein the following steps are ensured: o is less than or equal to 10ppm, N is less than or equal to 10ppm, H is less than or equal to 10ppm, and S is less than or equal to 10 ppm.
(3) Alloy is poured once
Cleaning the ingot mould before pouring to ensure that the inside of the ingot mould is free from rust and metal splashes, baking the ingot mould after the cleaning is qualified, baking to 400 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours. In the pouring process, a slag dam and a ceramic filter screen are arranged on a funnel, and a heat-insulating cap opening is embedded in an ingot mold, so that solidification shrinkage cavities are reduced.
(4) Chemical composition detection and adjustment
Analyzing chemical components of the ingot poured after the return material is smelted, and carrying out secondary refining if the components are within the specified range of technical conditions; when some elements of the primary material ingot do not meet the technical condition requirements, the related element material ingot is prepared for adjustment, so that the components of the adjusting component material and the total material of the primary material ingot meet the technical condition requirements.
(5) Secondary refining
And (3) putting the qualified primary ingot into a crucible of a vacuum induction furnace, starting equipment for vacuumizing, when the vacuum degree is less than 0.67Pa, carrying out secondary refining by carrying out stepped power transmission and heating to 1590 ℃, wherein the secondary refining time is 50min, the vacuum degree is controlled within 1Pa during refining, and cooling to form a film on the surface of the alloy solution after the secondary refining is finished. And then cast into a return K465 alloy ingot.
3. Casting turbine blades using K465 alloy (containing return material)
Before pouring, the vacuum degree and the steam leakage rate of the equipment need to be checked, wherein the vacuum degree requirement is as follows: when the furnace body and the crucible are dried, the time for vacuumizing until the pressure in the furnace is less than 0.67Pa is not more than 15 min; the air leakage rate requirement is as follows: the air leakage rate of the belt crucible is not more than 0.53Pa/min when the belt crucible is detected. Putting a K465 alloy (containing return materials) into a crucible, adjusting the power transmission power to 20KW to heat the crucible for 5min under the condition of ensuring that the vacuum degree of smelting equipment is less than 2Pa, then heating for 20min at the maximum power, adjusting the power transmission power to 30KW to refine the alloy liquid after the K465 alloy (containing return materials) is completely melted, and ensuring that the vacuum degree of the equipment is less than 0.67Pa, the refining temperature is 1590 ℃ and the refining time is 5min during the refining. And after refining is finished, stopping power transmission for 5min, adjusting the power transmission power to 20KW to preserve the heat of the alloy liquid after the temperature of the alloy liquid is reduced to the pouring temperature, putting the calcined formwork into smelting equipment, and stopping power transmission and pouring after the formwork enters the specified position of the equipment.
Wherein the length of the prepared turbine blade is 190-260mm, the maximum thickness of the blade body is not more than 5mm, the minimum wall thickness of the exhaust edge is not more than 1.5mm, and the radius of the exhaust edge is 0.68 mm.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A recycling method of an alloy return material for an aircraft engine turbine blade is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pretreatment: performing preliminary inspection on K465 returns, classifying the returns into scrapped leaves and other types according to material types, performing sand blasting, acid washing and water washing on the returns respectively, and removing residual moisture on the surfaces;
s2, remelting and purifying:
the scrapped leaves are used as return alloy ingots after pretreatment;
carrying out electroslag remelting purification on other types of alloy, and smelting the alloy into a return alloy ingot;
s3, pouring: heating to the pouring temperature under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 2Pa, completely melting the return material alloy ingot, heating to the refining temperature under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 0.67Pa, refining for 2-7min, cooling to the pouring temperature, preserving heat, and pouring in a die shell.
2. The recycling method of alloy return for turbine blades of aeroengines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sand blowing in S1 is quartz sand with a particle size of 80-100 mesh and a sand blowing pressure of 0.3-0.7 MPa.
3. The method of recycling alloy returns for aircraft engine turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the other groups in S1 include runners and sprue locations.
4. The recycling method of alloy return materials for turbine blades of aeroengines according to claim 1, wherein the treatment of S2 for the rejected blades is specifically as follows:
primary smelting: putting a K465 new material into a crucible of a vacuum induction furnace, adding the pretreated K465 return material into the crucible for melting after the new material is melted, wherein the melting time is 3-7h, alloy refining is performed after the melting is completed, the vacuum degree is not more than 1Pa in the refining period, the refining time is not less than 60min, heating is stopped after refining, and the alloy is stirred;
primary pouring: cleaning the ingot mould before pouring, then baking the ingot mould to 380-;
chemical composition detection and adjustment: analyzing chemical components of the ingot poured after the return material is smelted, and carrying out secondary refining if the components meet the requirements; if the components do not meet the requirements, adjusting the relevant element ingots to enable the components to meet the requirements, and then carrying out secondary refining;
secondary refining: and (3) in a crucible of the vacuum induction furnace, carrying out secondary refining by transmitting electricity in a stepped manner and heating to 1560-1620 ℃, wherein the secondary refining time is 30-70min, the vacuum degree is controlled within 1Pa during the refining, and after the secondary refining is finished, cooling to the surface of the alloy solution to form a film, and then casting into a return alloy ingot.
5. The method for recycling alloy return materials for turbine blades of aeroengines as claimed in claim 4, wherein the gas content in the primary smelting process furnace is monitored, and O, N content is removed to smelting levels of O < 10ppm, N < 10ppm, H < 10ppm and S < 10ppm by using deoxidizer according to the total smelting composition and gas condition.
6. The method for recycling alloy return materials for turbine blades of aeroengines according to claim 1, wherein the S2 is specific to other types of treatments:
electroslag remelting purification: putting the K465 return material into a vacuum induction furnace for remelting, taking component samples after full melting, and checking O, N, H actual control levels of gas and chemical elements after remelting by gas; the material melting time is controlled to be 3-7h in the material melting period, the vacuum degree in the refining period is not more than 1Pa, and the refining time is not less than 60 min; monitoring the gas content in the smelting process, and removing O, N content to a smelting level by adopting a deoxidizer according to the components and gas conditions of the return material after full smelting; adjusting Al and Ti electroslag easily-burnt elements to be within the electrode specification according to the sampling components of the full-melting sample, then pouring an electrode, and remelting the electroslag into an electroslag ingot after polishing the surface of the electrode;
primary smelting: putting K465 new materials into a crucible of a vacuum induction furnace, adding an electroslag ingot into the crucible to melt after the new materials are melted, wherein the melting time is 3-7h, alloy refining is carried out after the melting is finished, the vacuum degree in the refining period is not more than 1Pa, the refining time is not less than 60min, heating is stopped after refining, and the alloy is stirred;
primary pouring: cleaning the ingot mould before pouring, then baking the ingot mould to 380-;
chemical composition detection and adjustment: analyzing chemical components of the ingot poured after the return material is smelted, and carrying out secondary refining if the components meet the requirements; if the components do not meet the requirements, adjusting the relevant element ingots to enable the components to meet the requirements, and then carrying out secondary refining;
secondary refining: and (3) in a crucible of the vacuum induction furnace, carrying out secondary refining by transmitting electricity in a stepped manner and heating to 1560-1620 ℃, wherein the secondary refining time is 30-70min, the vacuum degree is controlled within 1Pa during the refining, and after the secondary refining is finished, cooling to the surface of the alloy solution to form a film, and then casting into a return alloy ingot.
7. The recycling method of alloy return material for turbine blades of aeroengines as claimed in claim 6, wherein the gas content is monitored in both the electroslag remelting purification and the primary smelting process, and O, N content is removed to smelting levels of O < 10ppm, N < 10ppm, H < 10ppm and S < 10ppm by using deoxidizer according to the total smelting composition and gas condition.
8. The method of recycling alloy returns for turbine blades of aircraft engines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the S2 is 30 to 70wt% of returns.
9. The method for recycling alloy return materials for turbine blades of aeroengines according to claim 1, wherein said S3 is specifically: putting the return material alloy ingot into a crucible, adjusting the power transmission to 10-30KW to heat the crucible for 3-10min under the condition that the vacuum degree of smelting equipment is less than 2Pa, then heating for 10-30min at the maximum power, adjusting the power transmission to 20-40KW to refine the alloy liquid after the return material alloy ingot is completely melted, wherein the vacuum degree of the smelting equipment is less than 0.67Pa, the refining temperature is 1500 + 1590 ℃, and the refining time is 5min during the refining period; after refining is finished, stopping power transmission for 2-8min, and adjusting the power transmission power to 10-30KW to preserve the heat of the alloy liquid after the temperature of the alloy liquid is reduced to the pouring temperature; and (4) putting the formwork into smelting equipment, stopping power transmission, and pouring.
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