CN1132484A - Pin tumbler cylinder lock with shearable assembly pins, its prodn. method and appts. - Google Patents

Abstract

A turnable lock cylinder(10)operable with drive pin(15u)and tumbler pin(151)when positioned by a key(16)at a shear line(18)in which shear able assembly pins(15a-e)are assembled in the cylinder(10)and thereafter sheared to form such drive pin(15u)and tumbler(151)pins for operation thereon. Each assembly pin(15a-e)is selectively weakened at a plurality of locations(17a-h)which corresponding with notched depth heights of the family of keys capable of insertion in the keyhole. Such weakening(17a-h)is controlled so that pin shearing can be accomplished by application of rotational or linear forces applied to any part of the cylinder except the key(16).

Description

The pin that has the combination pin that can shear tumbles the method and apparatus of closing cylinder and making

Background of the present invention

Closing cylinder in the past comprises a plurality of driving pins that tumble pin and aim at it that promote on the key that are pressed against through spring.Before the assembling of locking, respectively these pins are made into selected length.

Proposed in cylinder, to load onto the pin of a single-piece; Adopt a jagged key to make pin realize selected rising, when being fixed on such height, each pin is cut into two lock pin posts (U.S. Patent No. 1,953,535) subsequently by jagged key.Method before this has such shortcoming, and promptly any second careless insertable key of selecting can make pin raise, and if reverse it may shear pin once more disconnected, thereby destroy its security.

General introduction of the present invention

In a broad sense, the present invention includes a cylinder, it has a body, a rotating plug, and a shear line betwixt, a plurality of combination pins that optionally died down, they carry out initial location with jagged key of cause.It is disconnected that manufacturer or locksmith use special instrument that the combination pin is sheared, and they are as driving pin and tumbling pin afterwards.Intensity of these combination pins are enough big, to such an extent as to have the key of Non-Patent or similarly the user of the lock of instrument with one insertable key is reversed or applies other active force and can not cut off them.

Characteristics of the present invention are that the combination pin has a plurality of parts that optionally died down, as long as apply cutting off that enough shearing forces can take place to be controlled at selected position.

Though characteristics of the present invention are to drive pin and tumble pin sufficiently to have been died down, its intensity is still enough big, will be this key or tool damage before the pin shearing is broken to such an extent as to reverse a key or reverse with an instrument with hand.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is for comprising shell, plug and with the side direction elevation cross-sectional view of the lock of the present invention of the combination pin of key positioner;

Fig. 2 is the side elevation of a combination pin of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a view that is similar to Fig. 1, and wherein pin is sheared disconnected by shell with the relative transverse movement between the plug;

Fig. 4 is used for shearing the combination pin disconnected and shell and plug being crimped onto the plane of device together;

Fig. 5 is the front view of the device of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view along the 6-6 line intercepting of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view along the 7-7 line intercepting of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the front view of the pin of one second embodiment;

Fig. 8 a is the enlarged drawing of pin groove B of the pin of Fig. 8;

Fig. 9 is not for perpendicular to the profile of the horizontal axis of the plug of pin;

Fig. 9 a is the profile that is similar to Fig. 9, and it has pin and has the plug of having been rotated slightly;

Figure 10 is the plane that has one second cutting mechanism of longitudinal axis A-A, is used for using at locksmith; And

Figure 11 passes the profile of longitudinal axis A-A for the mechanism of Figure 10.

The description of preferred embodiment

In Fig. 1-3, lock 10 comprises cylindrical shell 11, and it has plug ring 13c, and 13, five of rotatable cylinder plug upwards extend into the vertical pin passage 14a-e that also extend in the shell 11 in the plug 13 downwards.Also show combination pin 15a-e among the figure, plug tail end 12, copper key 16, cylinder shear line 18, and pin spring 20a-e.Each of combination pin 15a-e has eight circular groove 17a-h.Pin 15a-e is made by selected material, the shape of their groove 17a-h and ratio are made into and can finish combination the cutting off of pin by manufacturer or locksmith, prevent simultaneously when being locked in the use because use one damages its security to the key of Non-Patent or other instrument.There is the different Key structures of not opening recess in different manufacturers, and this makes this given producer's key can be inserted in his lock.

Combination pin of the present invention is provided with groove, or with other method they is died down, so that reduce these pins is sheared the disconnected active force that will apply; Yet they do not die down and just can make the drive pin post and tumble pin be sheared disconnected degree before key or tool damage because of hand reverses or reverses an insertable key that has different recesses (the key of identical key slot structure arranged with the key of this lock) with an instrument.The degree of depth and the shape of the groove of pin are made into, and make the active force of shop equipment on the each several part that only is applied to plug or locksmith's equipment, are not the active forces that is applied on the key, could shear pin disconnected.Stop the active force that is applied on the key or be applied directly to active force on the plug ring 13c by the ring 13c that engages with shell 11, and these active forces are sponged along the direction that is parallel to the rotation of plug 13.

Tested the following combination pin that different groove diameter are arranged:

Each pin of the interior diameter of groove is sheared disconnected mean effort

0.060 95 pounds of inches

0.062 105 pounds of inches

0.065 120 pounds of inches

0.070 140 pounds of inches

0.074 155 pounds of inches

0.079 180 pounds of inches

0.084 05 pound of in2

The interior diameter of groove (ND) is than the little (see figure 2) of overall diameter D of overall diameter or groove.For the padlock pin, internal diameter is preferably 0.062 inch.D is 0.094 inch in the superincumbent test, and groove angle (C) is 20 ° of (degree) (see figure 2)s.The ratio of ND and D is preferably in the scope 63%-74%.The present invention also comprises the pin of door lock, wherein is 0.114 inch pin for external diameter (D), and internal diameter is preferably 0.074 inch.

When making cylinder 10, among the combination pin 15a-e each has eight circular groove 17a-h that weakened, and these pins is assembled up be used to make multiple lock.In system of the present invention, key preferably has eight different notch depths and five pins, produces 32,000 kinds of combinations.The width w (see figure 2) of each groove 17a-h is about 0.0060-0.010 inch, and groove 17a-h series in the vertical direction separates each other about 0.0156 inch (as shown in Figure 2).In the process of assembling cylinder 10, combination pin 15a-e (mismachining tolerance of they each is in ± 0.0005 inch) is placed among the passage 14a-e, then they are sheared disconnected.The position of these a series of groove 17a-h that are spaced apart from each other in combination pin 15a-e makes these grooves can be by one group of insertable key positioner at shear line 18 places.

Fig. 3 illustrates the plug 13 that is driven to the right side, in order that disconnected pin 15a-e shearing, will further explain below.Be sheared when disconnected, each combination pin 15a-e is broken into one and goes up and drive a section 15u, and it drives pin and the following section of tumbling 151 of aiming at it as one, and it tumbles pin as one.Cylinder case 11 has annular end 20, and plug 13 has the part 13a (see figure 1) of band angle.One section 20p of annular section 20 is curled and is pressing 13a part (also referring to Fig. 6 and 7), narrates as the back.

Turn to referring to Fig. 4-5, cut off the clamping device 31 that pin and the device 30 that curls comprise lock, it has shaped hole 32.Together with its shell 11 and plug 13 and be not sheared disconnected combination pin 15a-e and be placed in the hole 32, make cylinder unit 10 shell 11 against wall 32w.The tail end 12 of plug can with movably shear pin 41 and engage.The shown pin 41 of movably shearing is in it and is biased to the stop place on right side by spring 52, as shown in Figure 4.Also comprise that at device is sheared a plunger 36 in 30, it is installed in the cylindrical aperture 37 with clamping device 31 isolated actionless installation blocks 38.Device 30 also comprises a curling unit 50, and it comprises a curling drift 52 that is driven by a solenoid unit (E).Shown position of curling mobile pin 54 is to be biased to the stop place of leaving cylindrical shell 10 by curling pin spring 55.

During operation, including shell 11, plug 13, the cylinder 10 of plug tail end 12 and key 16 is placed in the hole 32 of clamping device 31 as an assembly.Shear pins 41 by shearing plunger 36 bumps, so that cylinder plug tail end 12 is applied directed force F, and plug 13 is moved on direction A.Thereby pin 15a-e is sheared disconnected (see figure 3).Utilize key 16 that plug 13 is back into its home position with hand.Then, the unit 50 that curls drives the mobile pin 54 that curls, and the 20p section of the annular section of shell 11 is curled, and makes it to be pressed against plug 13a and partly goes up (seeing Fig. 1,6 and 7).

Turn to referring to Fig. 8-10, wherein show an alternative embodiment of the invention, wherein pin has certain groove structure, and the shape of plug is made into easily and is cut off and rotate.Each pin 60 fluted or recess 61 of this embodiment, for example, ten circular groove 61A-J (being shown in Fig. 8).Each groove 61 has the surface portion or the angle 63 of the inclination of being made into, and plug is rotated easily, and make pry open this lock more the difficulty.Each angle 63 tilts (to see Fig. 8 a) with angle C with respect to the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of pin 60.The slope of angle 63 and the parallel (see figure 9) of tangent line T perpendicular to radius R.The slope of angle is selected to make that the rotation of plug is the easiest like this.The bottom 60b that is engaged with key by pin 60 lists in (also referring to Fig. 8) in the table 1 to the distance at the center of each groove.

Table 1

The distance that letter is represented with inch

A 0.166

B 0.181

C 0.196

D 0.211

E 0.226

F 0.241

G 0.256

H 0.271

I 0.286

J 0.301

Each groove A-J is included in perpendicular to a part of groove b more than the plane Z of pin longitudinal axes L A and a part of groove b below the online Z.

Plug 64 in shell-plug unit 65 has a flat surface 66, and this face is positioned at the last shell segments 67 near shell 57.After cutting off, and under the situation that the key (not shown) inserts, raise up tumbling pin 60t, it and then a driving pin 60d raise up.When in any direction (such as direction A; See that Fig. 9 a) goes up when rotating plug 64, tumbling under the too low situation in pin 60t bottom surface too high or driving pin 60d that groove angle surface 63 all helps freely to rotate.Angle surface 63 has reduced pin can block pin passage 71u in shell or in plug, the possibility of 711 side.

Turn to referring to Figure 10 and 11, wherein show a pin cutting mechanism 78, it has body 79, and shell chamber 81 is installed in a rotatable driver element 82 in the chamber 81, in order that about horizontal axis (H) rotation (seeing Figure 11).Rotatable unit 82 comprises a handwheel 83 and the nut 84 that is installed in the rotating driving body 80.Can use spanner 86 (not shown) rotating screw caps 84.When driver element 82 is rotated, make plunger 87 translations by screw thread 88 on the unit 82 that mates with each other and the screw thread 89 on the plunger 87.Plunger 87 moves along a straight line on direction AA.Via recess 91 with plane surface 92 and vertical post 93 plunger 87 is fixed and not rotated, this vertical post engages with surface 92, makes it not rotate.Mechanism 78 comprises the dimple 93 of fixing lock, and it comprises outer casing supporting wall 94, and this wall is fixing shell-plug unit 65, and making it can not translation on direction AA.In the process of mechanism's 78 operations (not shown unit 65 among Figure 11), lock unit 65 is placed in fixedly in the dimple 93, plunger 87 is moved forward, contact with plug 64 up to it, use a spanner rotating screw cap 64 then, make plug 64 with respect to its shell translation, up to combination pin 60 be sheared disconnected till.

Example

A kind of door lock has been made into five pin passages 71 and combination pin 60, and is such as explained above, and these combination pins will be sheared disconnected, to constitute each pin group (that combines mutually tumbles pin 70t and a driving pin 60d).Base diameter (BD) of each combination pin 60 is 0.114 inch, and the diameter (WD) that reduces that has died down in its groove is 0.076 inch (see figure 8).Shear disconnected tumble pin-drivings pin group with formation before, each makes up pin 60 ten groove 61A-61J.

Before shearing is disconnected, the door lock cylinder is transported to the locksmith there.Locksmith's a client provides his employed key when driving his other lock.This locksmith is inserted into client's key in the lock, and this lock is put into mechanism 78, and shears combination pin 60 disconnected.Then, client is encased in this door lock on his door, and this lock promptly can have been opened with the existing key of this client.

Table 2

The online F of diameter (WD) place that pin characteristic type base diameter (BD) has died down is sheared disconnected 10 pound 200 of disconnected 10 pound of 200 pound/inch door lock of 0.094 inch 0.076 in2 of moment of torsion padlock 0.114 inch 0.076 in2 pound/inch sheared

The pin diameter (WD) of each groove is chosen to the intensity that provides enough, when reversing a key (or an instrument, the cross section of this instrument makes can insert keyhole) this combination pin 60 can be damaged with box lunch.Pin 60 be sheared disconnected before, this key (or instrument) will be damaged (fractureed, shear disconnected or distortion).For example, a steel key that has hardened is inserted in the keyhole of a lock of the present invention, and key applied one 240 pounds/inch moment of torsion.This instrument is fractureed, and that pin 60 is not sheared is disconnected.The shape of pin groove 61A-J also can be made into and tumble pin and driving fracture or the shear surface that all produces injustice on the pin, and this uses lock easily.At last, the shape of groove 61A-J be made into make since the locksmith makes or process customized in fracture, the end that tumbles pin and driving pin 70 is made into the structure that comprises angle surface 63, and this will help the rotation of plug in the use afterwards.

Claims (7)

1. at a kind of closing cylinder, it has a shell, a rotatable plug in this shell, keyhole in this plug, a plurality of pin passages of aiming in shell and plug, can be sheared in passage be broken into the pin section and a plurality of combination pins of the downside pin shell of column aimed at it in, its improvement part comprises:

A) a series of parts that died down that are spaced apart from each other are arranged in these have the combination pin of longitudinal axis, the position of these parts that died down, shape and structure are made into feasible:

1) when a key or instrument are inserted in the keyhole and reverse with the active force of one first value of selecting, this combination pin will can not be sheared disconnected; And

2) when applying the active force of the second big value of one to the first value, this combination pin can be sheared disconnected.

2. closing cylinder as claimed in claim 1, the device that has wherein been died down is a groove, it has the notch part that leap is arranged in the plane perpendicular to the pin axis.

3. one kind is used for making cylindrical method, it has a shell this cylinder, a rotatable plug, one when applying one first active force with impaired key,, the shear line between shell and plug, a plurality of pin passages, and an insertable key that has a plurality of notch depths, it may further comprise the steps:

A) plug that has the combination pin that has optionally died down shell with in each pin passage is assembled into and makes and be applied on the key second active force that is equal to or less than first active force, can not shear these pins disconnected; And

B) disconnected by apply three active force bigger along shear line then each combination pin shearing than first active force, each pin is sheared be broken into two pin sections.

4. be used between lock shell and plug, producing the device of relative motion, lock shell and plug form a shear line, and transversal this shear line has a plurality of pins, this device comprise be used for the limit shell motion fixture and be used for making plug move enough distances so that pin is sheared disconnected shear.

5. device as claimed in claim 4, it also has crimping device, so that shell is crimped onto on the plug.

6. by applying an active force that is parallel to the axis of plug a lock pin post in the lock is sheared disconnected device, this lock has a shell and a plug therein, and it comprises:

A) framework;

B) in framework holds dimple, is used for admitting the cylinder unit that comprises a shell and a plug, and this holds dimple and comprises the shell fixture, is used for making in shear history shell to maintain static;

C) plug translating device is used for making the plug translation when shell is fixed, described plug translating device also comprises:

1) pieceable plug translating device, be used for towards with respect to the plug translation; And

2) be connected to rotatable power set on this translating device slidably, so that this translating device with respect to the plug translation, moves to make plug when shell is fixed.

7. lock cylinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein plug has a flat surface near the intersection of pin passage.

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