CN113245903B

CN113245903B - Five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with high-precision positioning mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN113245903B
Application number: CN202110519860.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔凡新; 周伯荣; 沈丽琴; 赵伟; 查光成; 李睿; 陈金山
Original assignee: Nanjing Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2021-05-13
Filing date: 2021-05-13
Publication date: 2021-11-12
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-13
Also published as: CN113245903A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machines, in particular to a five-axis machining numerical control machine with a high-precision positioning mechanism, which comprises a five-axis machining numerical control rack and a machining head arranged on the five-axis machining numerical control rack, wherein a component storage plate is arranged on the five-axis machining numerical control rack, a positioning device is arranged between the machining head and the component storage plate, an adjusting device is arranged on the component storage plate, the positioning device comprises a guide sleeve vertically arranged on the upper surface of the component storage plate and a rectangular plate fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the machining head, a mounting groove arranged along the length direction of the component storage plate is arranged in the component storage plate, the adjusting device comprises a slide rail fixedly arranged in the mounting groove, and a front clamping limiting device and a rear clamping limiting device which are opposite to each other are also arranged on the upper surface of the component storage plate. The invention has the function of high-precision positioning, can reduce processing errors and brings convenience to users.

Description

Five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with high-precision positioning mechanism

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with a high-precision positioning mechanism.

Background

Five-axis machining digit control machine tool has five transmission shafts to can drive the numerical control processing equipment that corresponds the part removal in the horizontal, vertical and vertical on the face of horizontal plane respectively, at present, five-axis machining digit control machine tool on the market all have the characteristics of high accuracy motion, but lack the high accuracy positioning mechanism that corresponds on it, can not realize high accuracy location operation, because the error appears in the location causes the processing certain error to appear, brings the inconvenience for the user easily.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with a high-precision positioning mechanism, so as to solve the defects in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a five-axis machining digit control machine tool with high accuracy positioning mechanism, includes five-axis machining numerical control frame and sets up the processing aircraft nose in five-axis machining numerical control frame, be provided with the part in the five-axis machining numerical control frame and deposit the board, the processing aircraft nose with be provided with positioner between the board is deposited to the part, be provided with adjusting device on the board is deposited to the part.

Preferably, the positioning device comprises a guide sleeve vertically arranged on the upper surface of the component storage plate and a rectangular plate fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the machining head, a guide pillar is connected in the guide sleeve in a sliding manner, a fixed sleeve is arranged at the top end of the guide pillar, a convex pillar is connected on the fixed sleeve in a rotating manner, a sliding sleeve is arranged on the side surface of the convex pillar, a guide rod is connected in the sliding sleeve in a sliding manner, a connecting rod vertically arranged downwards is arranged on the bottom surface of the rectangular plate, a fixed seat is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting rod, and the guide rod is hinged with the fixed seat through a hinge, so that when the positioning device is used, the high-precision positioning operation between the machining head and the component storage plate can be realized.

Preferably, an annular groove with the top communicated with the outside is arranged in the fixed sleeve, a bearing is arranged on the groove wall of the annular groove, and the convex column is fixedly arranged on an inner ring of the bearing to ensure that the convex column can rotate freely.

Preferably, the bottom end of the guide sleeve is provided with a fixed disk, and the fixed disk is fixedly arranged on the component storage plate, so that the fixed disk is conveniently fixed, and the effect of fixing the guide sleeve is achieved.

Preferably, the guide sleeve is internally provided with an accommodating groove, the top of the accommodating groove is communicated with the outside, the guide pillar is positioned in the accommodating groove and is in sliding connection with the accommodating groove, the groove wall of the accommodating groove is provided with a limiting groove, the bottom end of the guide pillar is provided with a limiting disc, the limiting disc is positioned in the limiting groove and is in sliding connection with the limiting groove, the outer diameter of the limiting disc is larger than the inner diameter of the accommodating groove, and the guide pillar is ensured not to fall off from the guide sleeve.

Preferably, the component storage plate is internally provided with a mounting groove arranged along the length direction of the component storage plate, the adjusting device comprises a slide rail fixedly mounted in the mounting groove, the slide rail is internally provided with a slide groove arranged along the length direction of the slide rail, two end parts of the slide rail are respectively provided with an end fixing plate, one of the end fixing plates is provided with a driving motor, the tail end of an output shaft of the driving motor is provided with a horizontally arranged lead screw, the tail end of the lead screw is rotatably connected with the other end fixing plate, a front end rod body of the lead screw is provided with a forward external thread, a rear end rod body of the lead screw is provided with a reverse external thread, the forward external thread and the reverse external thread are both in threaded connection with a slide seat, and the top surface of the slide seat is provided with a guide positioning plate, when the positioning device is used, the two guide positioning plates can be used for moving towards the middle position at the same time, the machined parts are pushed to the central position of the part storage plate, and the positioning operation is completed.

Preferably, the forward external thread and the reverse external thread have opposite rotation directions, so that the screw rod is ensured to rotate, and the two sliding seats can be synchronously driven to move towards the middle position or the outer position simultaneously.

Preferably, the left and right side walls of the sliding groove are provided with guide grooves, the side surface of the sliding seat is provided with a limit block at a position opposite to the guide grooves, and the limit block is positioned in the guide grooves and is in sliding connection with the guide grooves, so that the sliding seat is more stable in movement.

Preferably, the upper surface of the component storage plate is further provided with a front clamping limiting device and a rear clamping limiting device which are opposite to each other, the clamping limiting devices comprise hydraulic cylinders arranged on the upper surface of the component storage plate, and the tail ends of telescopic shafts of the hydraulic cylinders are provided with pressing positioning plates.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, through the arranged positioning device, the high-precision positioning operation of the machining head and the part storage plate can be ensured during use, the guide rod and the fixing seat can rotate, the sliding sleeve and the fixing sleeve can rotate, the guide rod can be accommodated in the sliding sleeve, the machining head can be ensured to move left and right, the part storage plate can move back and forth, the use is convenient, the characteristics that five-axis machining numerical control machines on the market have high-precision motion are solved, but a corresponding high-precision positioning mechanism is lacked on the five-axis machining numerical control machine, the high-precision positioning operation cannot be realized, and the problem that certain error in machining is easily caused by the error in positioning, and inconvenience is brought to a user is solved.

2. The adjusting device is arranged, so that the driving motor can be conveniently utilized to work, the screw rod is driven to rotate, the sliding seats are further driven to move, the processing part between the two sliding seats is pushed to the central position of the part storage plate, the effect of positioning operation is achieved, and the use is convenient.

3. The clamping limiting device can position the machining part in the front and back directions, and the clamping limiting device is convenient to clamp the machining part by utilizing the pressing positioning plate and use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an exploded structure of the positioning device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the guide sleeve and guide post of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the adjustment device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view taken at A of FIG. 7 in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the clamping and limiting device of the present invention.

The meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is:

1. five-axis machining of a numerical control rack; 10. processing a machine head; 11. a component storage plate; 111. mounting grooves;

2. a positioning device; 20. a guide sleeve; 201. fixing the disc; 202. a receiving groove; 203. a limiting groove; 21. a guide post; 211. a limiting disc; 22. fixing a sleeve; 221. an annular groove; 23. a bearing; 24. a convex column; 25. a sliding sleeve; 26. a guide bar; 27. a rectangular plate; 28. a connecting rod; 29. a fixed seat;

3. an adjustment device; 30. a slide rail; 301. a chute; 302. a guide groove; 31. an end fixing plate; 32. a drive motor; 33. a screw rod; 331. a forward external thread; 332. reverse external threads; 34. a slide base; 35. a limiting block; 36. guiding a positioning plate;

4. clamping a limiting device; 40. a hydraulic cylinder; 41. and pressing the positioning plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the present invention provides a technical solution:

a five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with a high-precision positioning mechanism comprises a five-axis machining numerical control rack 1 and a machining head 10 arranged on the five-axis machining numerical control rack 1, a component storage plate 11 is arranged on the five-axis machining numerical control rack 1, a positioning device 2 is arranged between the machining head 10 and the component storage plate 11, the positioning device 2 comprises a guide sleeve 20 vertically arranged on the upper surface of the component storage plate 11 and a rectangular plate 27 fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the machining head 10 through a plurality of fastening bolts, a guide pillar 21 is slidably connected in the guide sleeve 20, a fixing sleeve 22 is tightly welded at the top end of the guide pillar 21, a convex pillar 24 is rotatably connected on the fixing sleeve 22, a sliding sleeve 25 is tightly welded on the side surface of the convex pillar 24, a guide rod 26 is slidably connected in the sliding sleeve 25, a connecting rod 28 vertically and downwards arranged is tightly welded on the bottom surface of the rectangular plate 27, and a fixing seat 29 is tightly welded at the bottom end of the connecting rod 28, articulated through the hinge between guide bar 26 and the fixing base 29, guarantee when using, can utilize connecting rod 28 along with processing aircraft nose 10 downstream in the lump, because sliding sleeve 25 and the guide bar 26 that is the level form are connected between projection 24 and the fixing base 29, connecting rod 28 downstream can drive guide pillar 21 downstream, because sliding connection between guide pillar 21 and the guide pin bushing 20, the realization is to carrying out high accuracy location operation between processing aircraft nose 10 and the part storage plate 11, play and carry out the effect that high accuracy was led and was fixed a position to the downstream of processing aircraft nose 10, and convenient to use.

In this embodiment, since the guide rod 26 is hinged to the fixing seat 29 via a hinge, and the sliding sleeve 25 is rotatably connected to the fixing sleeve 22 via the protruding column 24, the orientations of the guide rod 26 and the sliding sleeve 25 can be changed along with the forward and backward movement of the component storage plate 11, so that the component storage plate 11 can normally move forward and backward, and the use is facilitated.

Specifically, an annular groove 221 with the top communicated with the outside is arranged in the fixed sleeve 22, a bearing 23 is tightly welded on the groove wall of the annular groove 221, and the convex column 24 is fixedly arranged on the inner ring of the bearing 23, so that the convex column 24 can freely rotate.

Further, the bottom end integrated into one piece of guide pin bushing 20 has fixed disk 201, and fixed disk 201 fixed mounting is on part storage plate 11, conveniently fixes fixed disk 201, reaches the effect of fixing guide pin bushing 20.

In addition, the guide sleeve 20 is internally provided with a containing groove 202 with the top communicated with the outside, the guide pillar 21 is positioned in the containing groove 202 and is in sliding connection with the containing groove 202, the groove wall of the containing groove 202 is provided with a limit groove 203, the bottom end of the guide pillar 21 is integrally formed with a limit disc 211, the limit disc 211 is positioned in the limit groove 203 and is in sliding connection with the limit groove 203, the outer diameter of the limit disc 211 is larger than the inner diameter of the containing groove 202, and the guide pillar 21 is ensured not to fall off from the guide sleeve 20.

In this embodiment, an installation groove 111 is formed in the component storage plate 11 along the length direction of the component storage plate 11, an adjustment device 3 is disposed on the component storage plate 11, the adjustment device 3 includes a slide rail 30 fixedly installed in the installation groove 111, a slide groove 301 is formed in the slide rail 30 along the length direction of the slide rail 30, end fixing plates 31 are tightly welded to both ends of the slide rail 30, a driving motor 32 is fixedly installed on one end fixing plate 31, a screw rod 33 which is horizontally arranged is arranged at the tail end of an output shaft of the driving motor 32, the tail end of the screw rod 33 is rotatably connected with the other end fixing plate 31, the tail end of the screw rod 33 is a smooth cylinder, a corresponding shaft hole is formed in the end fixing plate 31, the smooth cylinder at the tail end of the screw rod 33 is positioned in the shaft hole in the end fixing plate 31 and can rotate in the shaft hole, and the screw rod 33 can be ensured to rotate freely; be provided with cisoid external screw thread 331 on the preceding tip body of rod of lead screw 33, be provided with reverse external screw thread 332 on the rear end portion body of rod of lead screw 33, on cisoid external screw thread 331 and the reverse external screw thread 332 equal threaded connection have slide 34, it has direction locating plate 36 to closely weld on the top surface of slide 34, guarantee when using, can utilize two direction locating plate 36 to move towards the intermediate position simultaneously, play the part promotion that will process to the central point department of putting board 11 of part, accomplish the location operation of processing part, and convenient to use.

Specifically, the forward external thread 331 and the reverse external thread 332 have opposite rotation directions, so that the screw rod 33 is ensured to rotate, and the two sliding seats 34 can be synchronously driven to move towards the middle position or the outer position simultaneously.

Furthermore, the left and right side walls of the sliding groove 301 are provided with guide grooves 302 arranged along the length direction of the sliding groove 301, the side surface of the sliding seat 34 is provided with limiting blocks 35 which are integrally formed at positions opposite to the guide grooves 302, and the limiting blocks 35 are positioned in the guide grooves 302 and are in sliding connection with the guide grooves 302, so that the sliding seat 34 is ensured to be more stable in movement.

In this embodiment, still be provided with two mutual just right tight stop device 4 around on the upper surface of part storage plate 11, it includes through the pneumatic cylinder 40 of a plurality of fastening bolt fixed mounting on part storage plate 11 upper surface to press from both sides tight stop device 4, the terminal fixed mounting of telescopic shaft of pneumatic cylinder 40 compresses tightly locating plate 41, guarantee when using, can utilize two pneumatic cylinders 40 works, it moves towards the intermediate position simultaneously to drive two and compress tightly locating plate 41, the realization is fixed a position and is pressed from both sides tight operation to the part of processing, and convenient to use.

It should be noted that the driving motor 32 and the hydraulic cylinder 40 in the present embodiment are conventional technologies, and are not described herein again.

When the five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with the high-precision positioning mechanism is used, the connecting rod 28 is driven to move downwards along with the downward movement of the machining head 10, the connecting rod 28 moves downwards to drive the guide post 21 to move downwards, the high-precision positioning operation between the machining head 10 and the component storage plate 11 is realized due to the sliding connection between the guide post 21 and the guide sleeve 20, in addition, a machined component is placed on the component storage plate 11, the driving motor 32 is connected with an external power supply and enables the component to work, the driving motor 32 works, an output shaft on the driving motor rotates forwards to drive the screw rod 33 to rotate forwards, the screw rod 33 rotates forwards to drive the two sliding seats 34 in threaded connection with the screw rod to synchronously move towards the middle position, the two guide positioning plates 36 are further driven to simultaneously move towards the middle position, and the machined component is pushed to the central position of the component storage plate 11 along the left and right directions, then, the hydraulic cylinders 40 can be started and operated, the two hydraulic cylinders 40 operate simultaneously, and the telescopic shafts on the two hydraulic cylinders extend to drive the pressing positioning plate 41 to push the processed part to the central position of the part storage plate 11 along the front-back direction, so that the positioning operation of the processed part is completed;

after the processing is finished, the external power supply can be continuously connected with the driving motor 32 and the driving motor 32 works, the output shaft on the driving motor rotates reversely to drive the screw rod 33 to rotate reversely, the screw rod 33 rotates reversely to drive the two sliding seats 34 connected with the screw rod to move towards the middle position synchronously, the two guide positioning plates 36 are further driven to return to the initial position, then the hydraulic cylinders 40 can be started and the hydraulic cylinders can work simultaneously, the telescopic shaft on the driving motor shortens to drive the compression positioning plate 41 to return to the initial position, the use is convenient, the problem that five-axis processing numerical control machines on the market have high-precision movement is solved, however, corresponding high-precision positioning mechanisms are lacked on the driving motor, high-precision positioning operation cannot be realized, certain processing error is easily caused by positioning error, and inconvenience is brought to users.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a five-axis machining digit control machine tool with high accuracy positioning mechanism, includes five-axis machining numerical control frame (1) and sets up processing aircraft nose (10) on five-axis machining numerical control frame (1), its characterized in that: a component storage plate (11) is arranged on the five-axis machining numerical control rack (1), a positioning device (2) is arranged between the machining head (10) and the component storage plate (11), and an adjusting device (3) is arranged on the component storage plate (11); the positioning device (2) comprises a guide sleeve (20) vertically arranged on the upper surface of the component storage plate (11) and a rectangular plate (27) fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the machining head (10), a guide pillar (21) is connected in the guide sleeve (20) in a sliding manner, a fixed sleeve (22) is arranged at the top end of the guide pillar (21), a convex pillar (24) is connected on the fixed sleeve (22) in a rotating manner, a sliding sleeve (25) is arranged on the side surface of the convex pillar (24), a guide rod (26) is connected in the sliding sleeve (25) in a sliding manner, a connecting rod (28) vertically and downwardly arranged is arranged on the bottom surface of the rectangular plate (27), a fixed seat (29) is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting rod (28), and the guide rod (26) is hinged with the fixed seat (29) through a hinge; an annular groove (221) with the top communicated with the outside is arranged in the fixed sleeve (22), a bearing (23) is arranged on the groove wall of the annular groove (221), and the convex column (24) is fixedly arranged on the inner ring of the bearing (23); the bottom end of the guide sleeve (20) is provided with a fixed disc (201), and the fixed disc (201) is fixedly arranged on the component storage plate (11); the guide sleeve (20) is internally provided with a containing groove (202) with the top communicated with the outside, the guide pillar (21) is positioned in the containing groove (202) and is in sliding connection with the containing groove (202), the groove wall of the containing groove (202) is provided with a limiting groove (203), the bottom end of the guide pillar (21) is provided with a limiting disc (211), the limiting disc (211) is positioned in the limiting groove (203) and is in sliding connection with the limiting groove (203), and the outer diameter of the limiting disc (211) is larger than the inner diameter of the containing groove (202).

2. The five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with the high-precision positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the automatic adjusting device is characterized in that a mounting groove (111) is formed in the component storage plate (11) along the length direction of the component storage plate (11), the adjusting device (3) comprises a slide rail (30) fixedly mounted in the mounting groove (111), a slide groove (301) is formed in the slide rail (30) along the length direction of the slide rail (30), end fixing plates (31) are arranged at two ends of the slide rail (30), a driving motor (32) is arranged on one end fixing plate (31), a screw rod (33) horizontally arranged is arranged at the tail end of an output shaft of the driving motor (32), the tail end of the screw rod (33) is rotatably connected with the other end fixing plate (31), a forward external thread (331) is arranged on a front end rod body of the screw rod (33), and a reverse external thread (332) is arranged on a rear end rod body of the screw rod (33), the forward external thread (331) and the reverse external thread (332) are both in threaded connection with a sliding seat (34), and a guide positioning plate (36) is arranged on the top surface of the sliding seat (34).

3. The five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with the high-precision positioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the forward external thread (331) and the reverse external thread (332) have opposite rotation directions.

4. The five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with the high-precision positioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: all be provided with guide way (302) on the left and right sides cell wall of spout (301), just on the side of slide (34) the position department of guide way (302) is provided with stopper (35), stopper (35) are located in guide way (302) and with sliding connection between guide way (302).

5. The five-axis machining numerical control machine tool with the high-precision positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface of the component storage plate (11) is further provided with a front clamping limiting device and a rear clamping limiting device (4) which are opposite to each other, the clamping limiting devices (4) comprise hydraulic cylinders (40) arranged on the upper surface of the component storage plate (11), and the tail ends of telescopic shafts of the hydraulic cylinders (40) are provided with compression positioning plates (41).