CN113245902B - Temperature regulating system and method thereof - Google Patents
Temperature regulating system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113245902B CN113245902B CN202010084068.8A CN202010084068A CN113245902B CN 113245902 B CN113245902 B CN 113245902B CN 202010084068 A CN202010084068 A CN 202010084068A CN 113245902 B CN113245902 B CN 113245902B
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- storage tank
- fluid storage
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- temperature measuring
- cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
- B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a temperature adjusting system and a method thereof, which are applied to a machine tool and comprise the following steps: the internal circulation subsystem comprises a first valve element, and the external circulation subsystem comprises a plurality of flow channels, and a second valve element and a third valve element which are arranged on the flow channels. The computing unit controls the first valve element, the second valve element and the third valve element to switch the flow direction of the plurality of flow passages among the cooling fluid storage tank, the heating fluid storage tank and the machine tool, so that the heat balance of the machine tool can be effectively maintained.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a temperature adjusting system and a method thereof, and more particularly, to a temperature adjusting system and a method thereof for a machine tool capable of providing heating and cooling functions in two directions.
Background
When the conventional machine tool is used for machining, the heat generated by the operation of the driving element or the heat generated during the cutting process, even the influence of the temperature of the working environment, causes the generation of thermal deformation, so that the precision of the machine tool is reduced. In a general machine tool, an error caused by thermal deformation may account for 70% of the total error in machining. Therefore, conventional tools may be equipped with a cooling machine to cool the heat generating source of the driving element or the machine tool structure itself, thereby reducing possible errors and improving machine tool accuracy.
However, the cooling machine of the conventional machine tool only provides a fluid storage tank for cooling the fluid, and the adjustment of the internal temperature of the cooling machine only compensates the outlet temperature by the heating rod, which cannot provide the cooling and heating functions required by the conventional machine tool. Furthermore, the thermal compensation of the conventional machine tool is compensated by taking the experimental result of linear regression, i.e. only aiming at the thermal deformation of the linear structure, but the compensation method obviously cannot effectively predict the thermal deformation of the nonlinear structure, such as the asymmetric spindle head structure, so that the thermal balance effect of the structure is poor, and the precision of the machine tool is reduced.
Therefore, it is an objective of the present invention to provide a bidirectional temperature adjustment system and method thereof, which can reduce or eliminate the generation of thermal deformation of the nonlinear structure and provide a fast, flexible and efficient cooling and heating solution.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a temperature regulation system for use in a machine tool, the temperature regulation system comprising: a cooling fluid storage tank in which a heat exchanger is provided; a heated fluid storage tank in which a heat exchanger is disposed; the internal circulation subsystem comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a first valve element, wherein the first valve element switches a refrigerant compressed by the compressor to flow to the heat exchanger in the heating fluid storage tank, or the refrigerant sequentially flows through the condenser and the expansion valve and then flows to the heat exchanger in the cooling fluid storage tank; an external circulation subsystem comprising: at least one cooling channel and at least one heat transfer channel respectively connected to the first part and the second part of the machine tool from the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank; two return flow passages connected to the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank from the first portion and the second portion, respectively; at least one second valve element arranged on the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel and used for switching the flow direction between the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel and between the first part and the second part; the third valve is arranged on the two backflow channels and switches the flow direction between the two backflow channels and the cooling fluid storage tank and between the two backflow channels and the heating fluid storage tank; and a computing unit for controlling the first valve, the second valve and the third valve.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a temperature adjusting method for use in a machine tool, the temperature adjusting method comprising: arranging a temperature adjusting system in the machine tool, wherein the temperature adjusting system comprises a cooling fluid storage tank, a heating fluid storage tank, an internal circulation subsystem, an external circulation subsystem and a calculating unit, the internal circulation subsystem comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a first valve, the external circulation subsystem comprises at least one cooling flow channel, at least one heat transfer channel, two backflow flow channels, a second valve arranged on the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel and a third valve arranged on the two backflow flow channels, the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel are respectively connected to a first part and a second part of the machine tool from the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank, and the two backflow flow channels are respectively connected to the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank from the first part and the second part; judging the temperature state of the internal circulation subsystem, so that the computing unit controls the first valve to switch the refrigerant compressed by the compressor to flow to the heating fluid storage tank, or the refrigerant flows to the cooling fluid storage tank after sequentially flowing through the condenser and the expansion valve; and judging the temperature state of the external circulation subsystem, so that the computing unit controls the second valve element to switch the flow direction between the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel and between the first part and the second part, and controls the third valve element to switch the flow direction between the two return flow channels and between the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank.
The temperature adjusting system and the method thereof provide two boxes such as a cooling fluid storage box and a heating fluid storage box, have high temperature response function, and can switch the flow directions of a plurality of flow passages between the cooling fluid storage box, the heating fluid storage box and the machine tool by controlling the first valve piece, the second valve piece and the third valve piece through the computing unit, thereby effectively maintaining the heat balance of the machine tool, reducing or eliminating the generation of the thermal deformation of a nonlinear structure and further improving the precision and the accuracy of thermal compensation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of a temperature regulation system of the present invention;
FIGS. 2A-2B are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation of the internal circulation subsystem of the temperature regulation system of the present invention;
FIGS. 3A-3D are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation of the external circulation subsystem of the temperature regulation system of the present invention; and
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the steps of the temperature adjustment method of the present invention.
Description of the symbols
10 temperature regulation system 11 internal circulation subsystem
111 first valve member 112 compressor
113 condenser 114 expansion valve
12 external circulation subsystem 121 main shaft cooling circulation subsystem
1211 main shaft cooling flow passage 1212 main shaft cooling return flow passage
122 second valve element 123 third valve element
124 cooling channel 125 heat transfer channel
126. 127 return flow passages 1281, 1282, 1291 and 1292
13 cooling fluid reservoir 131 heat exchanger
132 first outlet temperature measuring unit of cold circulating pump 133
14 heated fluid storage tank 141 heat exchanger
142 heat circulation pump 143 second outlet temperature measuring unit
15 computing unit 16 machine tool
161 spindle head structure 1611 first part
1612 second portion 162 spindle
163 first structural temperature measuring unit 164 second structural temperature measuring unit
165 body temperature measuring unit A first variable
B a second variable S11-S22
T1-T5 temperature.
Detailed Description
While the embodiments of the present invention are described in terms of specific embodiments, other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, and may be practiced or applied to other embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, which is an overall schematic diagram of a temperature adjustment system 10 of the present invention, the temperature adjustment system 10 of the present invention is applied to a machine tool 16, and the temperature adjustment system 10 includes a cooling fluid storage tank 13, a heating fluid storage tank 14, an internal circulation sub-system 11 (see fig. 2A to 2B), an external circulation sub-system 12 (see fig. 3A to 3D), and a computing unit 15, wherein the cooling fluid storage tank 13 stores fluid (e.g., oil) and is provided with a heat exchanger 131, and the heating fluid storage tank 14 stores fluid (e.g., oil) and is provided with a heat exchanger 141.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2A and fig. 2B, the internal circulation subsystem 11 includes a compressor 112, a condenser 113, an expansion valve 114 and a first valve 111, wherein the first valve 111 is used for switching a refrigerant (for example, a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant generated after the refrigerant passes through the compressor 112) compressed by the compressor 112 to flow to a heat exchanger 141 in the heating fluid storage tank 14 to heat a fluid (as shown in fig. 2B), or switching the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 112 to flow to a heat exchanger 131 in the cooling fluid storage tank 13 to cool the fluid (as shown in fig. 2A) after sequentially passing through the condenser 113 and the expansion valve 114. In the present embodiment, the first valve element 111 is controlled by the calculating unit 15, and the condition for controlling the first valve element 111 by the calculating unit 15 will be described in detail later.
In one embodiment, the first valve element 111 may be a solenoid valve, specifically a two-position three-way solenoid valve, but the invention is not limited thereto. Since the first valve element 111 is a two-position three-way solenoid valve, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 112 can only flow through one of the heating fluid storage tank 14 and the cooling fluid storage tank 13 at a time. As shown in fig. 2A, when the first valve element 111 (for example, in an OFF state) is in a flow direction of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 112 to the cooling fluid storage tank 13, the refrigerant first flows through the condenser 113 to be cooled, and the cooled refrigerant flows through the expansion valve 114 to flow to the heat exchanger 131 in the cooling fluid storage tank 13 to cool the fluid in the cooling fluid storage tank 13, and then the refrigerant returns to the compressor 112, which is a cooling cycle. As shown in fig. 2B, when the first valve element 111 is in an ON state (for example, the ON state) and flows the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 112 to the heat exchanger 141 in the heating fluid storage tank 14, the fluid in the heating fluid storage tank 14 may be heated, which is a heating cycle. The refrigerant after the heating cycle flows to the condenser 113, and the cooling cycle described above is performed.
The internal circulation subsystem 11 of the temperature adjustment system of the present invention can control the circulation direction of the refrigerant generated by the compressor 112 between the cooling fluid storage tank 13 and the heating fluid storage tank 14 through the first valve element 111, so as to effectively provide the heating function of the heating fluid storage tank 14.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3A to 3D, the external circulation subsystem 12 includes at least one cooling channel 124, at least one heat transfer channel 125, two return channels 126 and 127, at least one second valve element 122, and a third valve element 123. The cooling flow path 124 and the heat transfer flow path 125 are connected from the cooling fluid reservoir 13 and the heating fluid reservoir 14 to the first portion 1611 and the second portion 1612 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16, respectively, and the return flow paths 126, 127 are connected from the first portion 1611 and the second portion 1612 to the cooling fluid reservoir 13 and the heating fluid reservoir 14, respectively. The second valve member 122 is disposed on the cooling channel 124 and the heat transfer channel 125, and is used for switching the flow direction between the cooling channel 124 and the heat transfer channel 125 and the first portion 1611 and the second portion 1612. The third valve 123 is disposed on the two return flow paths 126 and 127 for switching the flow direction between the two return flow paths 126 and 127 and the cooling fluid storage tank 13 and the heating fluid storage tank 14. In the present embodiment, the second valve element 122 and the third valve element 123 are controlled by the computing unit 15, and the computing unit 15 controls the conditions of the second valve element 122 and the third valve element 123, which will be described in detail later.
In one embodiment, the second valve element 122 and the third valve element 123 may be solenoid valves, specifically two-position four-way solenoid valves, but the invention is not limited thereto. Since the second and third valve members 122, 123 are two-position, four-way solenoid valves, the manner in which the cooling flow passage 124 and the heat transfer flow passage 125 are connected to the first and second portions 1611, 1612, and the manner in which the two return flow passages 126, 127 return to the cooling fluid reservoir 13 and the heating fluid reservoir 14, will differ depending ON the state of the second and third valve members 122, 123 (e.g., in an ON (ON) state or in an OFF (OFF) state).
As shown in fig. 3A and 3B, when the second valve element 122 is in the OFF (OFF) state, the cooling flow passage 124 of the cooling pump 132 connected to the cooling fluid storage tank 13 is connected to the second portion 1612 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 through the flow passage 1281, and the heat transfer flow passage 125 of the heat pump 142 connected to the heating fluid storage tank 14 is connected to the first portion 1611 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 through the flow passage 1282.
As shown in fig. 3C and 3D, if the second valve element 122 is in the Open (ON) state, the cooling flow passage 124 is connected to the first portion 1611 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 through the flow passage 1282, and the heat transfer flow passage 125 is connected to the second portion 1612 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 through the flow passage 1281.
As shown in fig. 3A and 3D, when the third valve element 123 is in the OFF (OFF) state, the return flow passage 126 connected to the first portion 1611 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 is connected to the cooling fluid reservoir 13 via the flow passage 1292, and the return flow passage 127 connected to the second portion 1612 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 is connected to the heating fluid reservoir 14 via the flow passage 1291.
As shown in fig. 3B and 3C, when the third valve element 123 is in the Open (ON) state, the return flow passage 126 connecting the first portion 1611 of the spindle head structure 161 of the power tool 16 is connected to the heating fluid storage tank 14 via the flow passage 1291, and the return flow passage 127 connecting the second portion 1612 of the spindle head structure 161 of the power tool 16 is connected to the cooling fluid storage tank 13 via the flow passage 1292.
In one embodiment, a first outlet temperature measuring unit 133 may be disposed at a position where the cooling circulation pump 132 of the cooling fluid storage tank 13 is connected to the cooling flow passage 124, for measuring a temperature T3 of the fluid flowing out of the cooling fluid storage tank 13. A second outlet temperature measuring unit 143 may be disposed at a position where the heat circulating pump 142 of the heating fluid storage tank 14 is connected to the heat transfer flow passage 125, for measuring a temperature T4 of the fluid flowing out of the heating fluid storage tank 14.
In one embodiment, a first structure temperature measuring unit 163 may be disposed at a first portion 1611 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 for measuring a temperature T1 of the first portion 1611; a second structure temperature measuring unit 164 may be disposed at a second portion 1612 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 for measuring a temperature T2 of the second portion 1612. The machine body of the machine tool 16 may be provided with a machine body temperature measuring unit 165 for measuring the temperature T5 of the machine body of the machine tool 16.
In one embodiment, the first outlet temperature measuring unit 133, the second outlet temperature measuring unit 143, the first structure temperature measuring unit 163, the second structure temperature measuring unit 164, and the body temperature measuring unit 165 are respectively connected to the calculating unit 15, so that the calculating unit 15 controls the first valve element 111, the second valve element 122, and the third valve element 123 according to the temperatures fed back by the first outlet temperature measuring unit 133, the second outlet temperature measuring unit 143, the first structure temperature measuring unit 163, the second structure temperature measuring unit 164, and the body temperature measuring unit 165.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3A to 3D, the temperature adjustment system 10 of the present invention may further include a spindle cooling cycle subsystem 121, wherein the spindle cooling cycle subsystem 121 includes a spindle cooling flow passage 1211 and a spindle cooling return flow passage 1212. The main shaft cooling flow passage 1211 is connected from the cooling circulation pump 132 of the cooling fluid storage tank 13 to the main shaft 162 of the machine tool 16, and the main shaft cooling return flow passage 1212 is connected from the main shaft 162 to the heating fluid storage tank 14. In the embodiment, there is no valve in the main shaft cooling circulation subsystem 121, so the fluid in the cooling fluid storage tank 13 can cool the main shaft 162 through the main shaft cooling flow passage 1211 all the time, maintain the cooling function of the main shaft 162, and further reduce the linear thermal displacement, but the valve can be selectively installed on the main shaft cooling flow passage 1211 for control, and the invention is not limited thereto.
In one embodiment, the computing unit 15 may be a computer loaded with software codes for a processor to run, or a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) capable of recording codes therein, but the invention is not limited thereto. If the calculating unit 15 is a computer, the software code loaded in the computer can be used to receive the temperatures fed back by the first outlet temperature measuring unit 133, the second outlet temperature measuring unit 143, the first structure temperature measuring unit 163, the second structure temperature measuring unit 164, and the body temperature measuring unit 165, and further control the first valve 111, the second valve 122, and the third valve 123 to be in an ON (ON) state or an OFF (OFF) state; if the computing unit 15 is a programmable logic controller, the codes of the control valves are first programmed into the computing unit and can be integrated and installed on the machine tool 16.
Please refer to fig. 4, which is a flowchart illustrating a temperature adjustment method according to the present invention. In describing the temperature adjustment method of the present invention, the conditions under which the calculation unit 15 controls the first valve element 111, the second valve element 122, and the third valve element 123 will be described together. In the present embodiment, the conditions for controlling the first valve element 111, the second valve element 122, and the third valve element 123 can be set by establishing a thermal equilibrium database through a large amount of experimental data, but the invention is not limited thereto.
First, as shown in step S11, the temperature adjustment method of the present invention is implemented by providing a temperature adjustment system 10 in a machine tool 16. The details of the configuration of the temperature regulation system 10 are described above and will not be described herein. Next, as shown in step S12, the states of the first valve element 111, the second valve element 122, the third valve element 123, the cold circulation pump 132, and the heat circulation pump 142 are initialized, that is, the first valve element 111, the second valve element 122, the third valve element 123, and the heat circulation pump 142 are set in the OFF (OFF) state, and the cold circulation pump 132 is set in the ON (ON) state.
Next, the calculating unit 15 determines the temperature state of the inner loop subsystem 11 (step S14) and the temperature state of the outer loop subsystem 12 (step S13) according to the temperatures fed back by the first outlet temperature measuring unit 133, the second outlet temperature measuring unit 143, the first structure temperature measuring unit 163, the second structure temperature measuring unit 164, and the body temperature measuring unit 165. In this embodiment, steps S13 and S14 are not limited in sequence, and may be performed simultaneously. Details of steps S13 and S14 will be described below, respectively.
In step S14, the calculating unit 15 receives the temperature T5 measured by the body temperature measuring unit 165 and the temperature T4 measured by the second outlet temperature measuring unit 143 to control the on/off state of the first valve element 111, for example, the calculating unit 15 compares the temperature T5 plus the first variable a with the temperature T4.
In one embodiment, when the temperature T5 plus the first variable a is lower than the temperature T4, the process proceeds to step S21, as shown in fig. 2A, the calculating unit 15 switches the first valve 111 to an OFF (OFF) state, and the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 112 flows through the condenser 113 and the expansion valve 114 in sequence and then flows to the heat exchanger 131 in the cooling fluid storage tank 13, so as to cool the fluid in the cooling fluid storage tank 13. The refrigerant generated by the compressor 112 will not flow into the heated fluid storage tank 14.
In another embodiment, when the temperature T5 plus the first variable a is greater than the temperature T4, the process proceeds to step S22, as shown in fig. 2B, the calculating unit 15 switches the first valve element 111 to the ON (ON) state, and the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 112 flows to the heat exchanger 141 in the heating fluid storage tank 14 to heat the fluid in the heating fluid storage tank 14. The refrigerant then flows through the condenser 113 to be cooled, and the cooled refrigerant flows through the expansion valve 114 and then flows to the heat exchanger 131 in the cooling fluid storage tank 13 to cool the fluid in the cooling fluid storage tank 13, and finally returns to the compressor 112.
The first variable A is a temperature parameter set according to the machine characteristics, such as a temperature in the range of 1-3 ℃, but the invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the present invention may define a delay time according to the characteristics of the equipment, so that the calculating unit 15 will go back to step S14 to re-perform step S14 after the delay time elapses after steps S21 and S22. The delay time can be set to 30-300 seconds, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In step S13, the calculating unit 15 receives the temperature T1 measured by the first structure temperature measuring unit 163 and the temperature T2 measured by the second structure temperature measuring unit 164 to control the on/off state of the second valve element 122, for example, the calculating unit 15 compares the temperature T1 with the temperature T2.
In one embodiment, when the temperature T1 is lower than the temperature T2, the process proceeds to steps S15, S17, and S18, the computing unit 15 switches the second valve element 122 to an OFF state (as shown in fig. 3A and 3B), the cooling flow passage 124 is connected to the second portion 1612 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 through the flow passage 1281, and the heat transfer flow passage 125 is connected to the first portion 1611 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 through the flow passage 1282. In the present embodiment, at step S15, the calculating unit 15 further receives the temperature T5 measured by the body temperature measuring unit 165 and the temperature T3 measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit 133 at the same time, and compares the temperature T5 with the temperature T3 to control the on/OFF state of the third valve element 123 at the same time when the second valve element 122 is switched to the OFF (OFF) state.
In one embodiment, a second variable B may be added to fine-tune the comparison between temperature T5 and temperature T3, but the invention is not limited thereto. If the temperature T5 minus the second variable B is less than the temperature T3, then the process proceeds to step S17, as shown in fig. 3A, the computing unit 15 switches the third valve element 123 to an OFF state, wherein the return flow path 126 flows from the first location 1611 to the cooling fluid reservoir 13 via the flow path 1292, and the return flow path 127 flows from the second location 1612 to the heating fluid reservoir 14 via the flow path 1291. If the temperature T5 minus the second variable B is greater than the temperature T3, then the process proceeds to step S18, as shown in fig. 3B, where the computing unit 15 switches the third valve element 123 to an ON state, such that the return flow path 126 flows from the first location 1611 to the heating fluid reservoir 14 via the flow path 1291, and the return flow path 127 flows from the second location 1612 to the cooling fluid reservoir 13 via the flow path 1292.
In another embodiment, when the temperature T1 is greater than the temperature T2, the process proceeds to steps S16, S19, and S20, the computing unit 15 switches the second valve element 122 to the ON state (as shown in fig. 3C and 3D), at which time the cooling flow passage 124 is connected to the first portion 1611 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 through the flow passage 1282, and the heat transfer flow passage 125 is connected to the second portion 1612 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 through the flow passage 1281. In the present embodiment, at step S16, the calculating unit 15 further receives the temperature T5 measured by the body temperature measuring unit 165 and the temperature T3 measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit 133 at the same time, and compares the temperature T5 with the temperature T3 to control the ON/off state of the third valve element 123 at the same time when the second valve element 122 is switched to the ON (ON) state.
In one embodiment, a second variable B may be added to the comparison between temperature T5 and temperature T3 for fine tuning, but the invention is not limited thereto. If the temperature T5 minus the second variable B is less than the temperature T3, then the process proceeds to step S19, as shown in fig. 3C, where the computing unit 15 switches the third valve element 123 to an ON state, such that the return flow path 126 flows from the first location 1611 to the heating fluid reservoir 14 via the flow path 1291, and the return flow path 127 flows from the second location 1612 to the cooling fluid reservoir 13 via the flow path 1292. If the temperature T5 minus the second variable B is greater than the temperature T3, then the process proceeds to step S20, as shown in fig. 3D, where the computing unit 15 switches the third valve element 123 to an OFF state, such that the return flow path 126 flows from the first location 1611 back to the cooling fluid reservoir 13 via the flow path 1292, and the return flow path 127 flows from the second location 1612 to the heating fluid reservoir 14 via the flow path 1291.
The second variable B is a temperature parameter set according to the machine characteristics, such as a temperature in the range of 1-3 ℃, but the invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the present invention can define a delay time according to the machine characteristics, so that the calculating unit 15 will return to step S13 to re-perform step S13 after the delay time elapses after steps S17, S18, S19, and S20. The delay time can be set to 60-600 seconds, but the invention is not limited thereto.
By the temperature adjusting system and the temperature adjusting method of the present invention, when the first portion 1611 and the second portion 1612 of the spindle head structure 161 of the machine tool 16 have uneven temperature distribution (for example, the aforementioned temperature T1 is greater than the temperature T2, or the temperature T1 is less than the temperature T2), the computing unit 15 can switch the flow direction between the cooling channel 124 and the heat transfer channel 125 and the first portion 1611 and the second portion 1612 by the second valve element 122, and transfer the cold fluid in the cooling fluid storage tank 13 and the hot fluid in the heating fluid storage tank 14 to the interior of the spindle head structure 161, so as to maintain the thermal balance of the spindle head structure 161, effectively reduce or eliminate the generation of the thermal deformation of the nonlinear structure, or reduce or eliminate the thermal deformation of the nonlinear structure and the linear thermal deformation at the same time. For example, as shown in fig. 3A, in the case where the temperature T2 of the second portion 1612 is higher than the temperature T1 of the first portion 1611 and the body temperature T5 is lower than the temperature T3 of the fluid flowing out of the cooling fluid storage tank 13, the temperature of the second portion 1612 must be lowered, the fluid flowing out of the cooling fluid storage tank 13 must reach the second portion 1612 through the cooling flow passage 124 and the flow passage 1281, and the temperature of the first portion 1611 must be raised at the same time, the fluid flowing out of the heating fluid storage tank 14 must reach the first portion 1611 through the heat transfer flow passage 125 and the flow passage 1282 until the first portion 1611 and the second portion 1612 are in thermal equilibrium. The fluid that cools the second portion 1612 is returned to the heating fluid storage tank 14 through the return flow passage 127 and the flow passage 1291 because the fluid temperature is higher than the fluid temperature immediately after flowing out of the cooling fluid storage tank 13; since the fluid temperature in the first portion 1611 is lower than the fluid temperature in the heating fluid storage tank 14, the fluid is returned to the cooling fluid storage tank 13 through the return flow passage 126 and the flow passage 1292, so as to avoid drastically changing the fluid temperature in the cooling fluid storage tank 13 and the heating fluid storage tank 14, and maintain the fluid temperature in the cooling fluid storage tank 13 and the heating fluid storage tank 14 constant. The rest of the cases in fig. 3B to fig. 3D are analogized and will not be described again.
In one embodiment, the temperature adjustment system of the present invention may be provided with a plurality of sets of cooling channels, heat transfer channels and corresponding second valve elements for thermally balancing different portions of the spindle head structure of the machine tool. Under the condition of multiple sets of cooling channels, heat transfer channels and corresponding second valve elements, multiple sets of backflow channels and corresponding third valve elements may be correspondingly disposed, or only one set of backflow channels and corresponding third valve elements may be disposed, which is not limited in the present invention.
In summary, the temperature control system and the temperature control method of the present invention provide both the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank, and have a high temperature response function. The invention also provides a heating function for the heating fluid storage tank by controlling the cooling circulation direction of the internal circulation subsystem by using the solenoid valve, and the heating efficiency is 3-4 times of that of the traditional heater. In addition, the main shaft cooling circulation subsystem can effectively maintain the main shaft cooling function and reduce the heat deformation of the main shaft. In addition, the temperature adjusting system and the temperature adjusting method of the invention can make the outer circulation subsystem dynamically switch the flow direction of the cooling fluid and the heat transfer fluid according to the change (such as temperature) of the processing conditions, can effectively maintain the heat balance of the spindle head structure, and further can reduce or eliminate the generation of nonlinear thermal deformation. In an experimental data, in a processing machine which is not provided with the temperature regulating system of the invention and only uses a traditional cooling machine, the Y-axis elongation after use reaches 9um, and the Z-axis elongation reaches 37 um; in a processing machine equipped with the temperature regulating system of the present invention, the Y-axis elongation after use is 5.3um (increased by 40% efficiency) and the Z-axis elongation is 14.5um (increased by 60% efficiency), which is sufficient to prove that the present invention effectively maintains the thermal balance of the spindle head structure and reduces the generation of non-linear thermal deformation.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles, features and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can modify and change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. However, any equivalent modifications and variations using the teachings of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the claims. Rather, the scope of the invention is as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (24)
1. A temperature regulation system for use in a machine tool, the temperature regulation system comprising:
a cooling fluid storage tank in which a heat exchanger is provided;
a heated fluid storage tank in which a heat exchanger is disposed;
the internal circulation subsystem comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a first valve element, wherein the first valve element switches a refrigerant compressed by the compressor to flow to the heat exchanger in the heating fluid storage tank, or the refrigerant sequentially flows through the condenser and the expansion valve and then flows to the heat exchanger in the cooling fluid storage tank;
an external circulation subsystem comprising:
at least one cooling channel and at least one heat transfer channel respectively connected to the first part and the second part of the machine tool from the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank;
two return flow passages connected to the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank from the first portion and the second portion, respectively;
at least one second valve element arranged on the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel and used for switching the flow direction between the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel and between the first part and the second part; and
a third valve member disposed on the two return flow passages for switching the flow direction between the two return flow passages and the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank; and
and the computing unit controls the first valve piece, the second valve piece and the third valve piece.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein a first outlet temperature measuring unit is disposed at a location where the cooling fluid storage tank is connected to the cooling flow passage, a second outlet temperature measuring unit is disposed at a location where the heating fluid storage tank is connected to the heat transfer flow passage, a first structural temperature measuring unit and a second structural temperature measuring unit are disposed at the first location and the second location, respectively, and the machine tool has a machine body temperature measuring unit, wherein the first outlet temperature measuring unit, the second outlet temperature measuring unit, the first structural temperature measuring unit, the second structural temperature measuring unit, and the machine body temperature measuring unit are connected to the computing unit, respectively.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the computing unit controls the first valve to switch the flow of the refrigerant to the heat exchanger in the heating fluid storage tank to heat the fluid in the heating fluid storage tank if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit plus a first variable is greater than the temperature measured by the second outlet temperature measuring unit, wherein the first variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit plus a first variable is lower than the temperature measured by the second outlet temperature measuring unit, the computing unit controls the first valve to switch the refrigerant to flow to the heat exchanger in the cooling fluid storage tank after sequentially passing through the condenser and the expansion valve to cool the fluid in the cooling fluid storage tank, wherein the first variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
5. The system of claim 2, wherein the computing unit controls the second valve to switch the cooling flow path to the second portion and the heat transfer flow path to the first portion if the temperature measured by the first structural temperature measuring unit is less than the temperature measured by the second structural temperature measuring unit.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the computing unit controls the third valve to switch one of the two return flow paths from the first location to the cooling fluid storage tank and the other of the two return flow paths from the second location to the heating fluid storage tank if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit minus a second variable is less than the temperature measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit, wherein the second variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the computing unit controls the third valve to switch one of the two return flow paths from the first location to the heating fluid storage tank and the other of the two return flow paths from the second location to the cooling fluid storage tank if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit minus a second variable is greater than the temperature measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit, wherein the second variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
8. The system of claim 2, wherein the computing unit controls the second valve to switch the cooling flow path to the first portion and the heat transfer flow path to the second portion if the temperature measured by the first structural temperature measuring unit is greater than the temperature measured by the second structural temperature measuring unit.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the computing unit controls the third valve to switch one of the two return flow paths from the first portion to the heating fluid storage tank and the other of the two return flow paths from the second portion to the cooling fluid storage tank, further if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit minus a second variable is less than the temperature measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit, wherein the second variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the computing unit controls the third valve to switch one of the two return flow paths from the first location to the cooling fluid storage tank and the other of the two return flow paths from the second location to the heating fluid storage tank if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit minus a second variable is greater than the temperature measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit, wherein the second variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
11. The system of claim 1, further comprising a spindle cooling subsystem for cooling a spindle of the machine tool, the spindle cooling subsystem including a spindle cooling flow path connected from the cooling fluid reservoir to the spindle of the machine tool and a spindle cooling return flow path connected from the spindle to the heating fluid reservoir.
12. The system of claim 1, wherein the first valve element, the second valve element and the third valve element are solenoid valves, and the computing unit is a computer or a programmable logic controller.
13. A method of temperature regulation in a machine tool, the method comprising:
arranging a temperature adjusting system in the machine tool, wherein the temperature adjusting system comprises a cooling fluid storage tank, a heating fluid storage tank, an internal circulation subsystem, an external circulation subsystem and a calculating unit, the internal circulation subsystem comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a first valve, the external circulation subsystem comprises at least one cooling flow channel, at least one heat transfer channel, two backflow flow channels, a second valve arranged on the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel and a third valve arranged on the two backflow flow channels, the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel are respectively connected to a first part and a second part of the machine tool from the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank, and the two backflow flow channels are respectively connected to the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank from the first part and the second part;
judging the temperature state of the internal circulation subsystem, so that the computing unit controls the first valve to switch the refrigerant compressed by the compressor to flow to the heating fluid storage tank, or the refrigerant flows to the cooling fluid storage tank after sequentially flowing through the condenser and the expansion valve; and
and judging the temperature state of the external circulation subsystem, so that the computing unit controls the second valve element to switch the flow direction between the cooling flow channel and the heat transfer flow channel and between the first part and the second part, and controls the third valve element to switch the flow direction between the two return flow channels and between the cooling fluid storage tank and the heating fluid storage tank.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein a first outlet temperature measuring unit is disposed at a position where the cooling fluid storage tank is connected to the cooling flow passage, a second outlet temperature measuring unit is disposed at a position where the heating fluid storage tank is connected to the heat transfer flow passage, a first structural temperature measuring unit and a second structural temperature measuring unit are disposed at the first position and the second position, respectively, and the machine tool has a machine body temperature measuring unit, wherein the first outlet temperature measuring unit, the second outlet temperature measuring unit, the first structural temperature measuring unit, the second structural temperature measuring unit, and the machine body temperature measuring unit are connected to the calculating unit, respectively.
15. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit plus a first variable is greater than the temperature measured by the second outlet temperature measuring unit, the calculating unit controls the first valve to switch the flow of the refrigerant to the heat exchanger in the heating fluid storage tank to heat the fluid in the heating fluid storage tank, wherein the first variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
16. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit plus a first variable is lower than the temperature measured by the second outlet temperature measuring unit, the calculating unit controls the first valve to switch the flow of the refrigerant to the heat exchanger in the cooling fluid storage tank after sequentially passing through the condenser and the expansion valve, so as to cool the fluid in the cooling fluid storage tank, wherein the first variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein the computing unit controls the second valve element to switch the cooling flow path to the second portion and the heat transfer flow path to the first portion if the temperature measured by the first structural temperature measuring unit is less than the temperature measured by the second structural temperature measuring unit.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the computing unit controls the third valve to switch one of the two return flow paths from the first location to the cooling fluid storage tank and the other of the two return flow paths from the second location to the heating fluid storage tank if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit minus a second variable is less than the temperature measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit, wherein the second variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein the computing unit controls the third valve to switch one of the two return flow paths from the first location to the heating fluid storage tank and the other of the two return flow paths from the second location to the cooling fluid storage tank if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit minus a second variable is greater than the temperature measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit, wherein the second variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
20. The method of claim 14, wherein the computing unit controls the second valve to switch the cooling flow path to the first portion and the heat transfer flow path to the second portion if the temperature measured by the first structural temperature measuring unit is greater than the temperature measured by the second structural temperature measuring unit.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the computing unit controls the third valve to switch one of the two return flow paths from the first location to the heating fluid storage tank and the other of the two return flow paths from the second location to the cooling fluid storage tank if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit minus a second variable is less than the temperature measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit, wherein the second variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the computing unit controls the third valve to switch one of the two return flow paths from the first location to the cooling fluid storage tank and the other of the two return flow paths from the second location to the heating fluid storage tank if the temperature measured by the body temperature measuring unit minus a second variable is greater than the temperature measured by the first outlet temperature measuring unit, wherein the second variable is a temperature parameter set according to machine characteristics.
23. The method of claim 13, wherein the temperature regulation system further comprises a spindle cooling subsystem for cooling a spindle of the machine tool, the spindle cooling subsystem comprising a spindle cooling flow path connected from the cooling fluid storage tank to the spindle of the machine tool and a spindle cooling return flow path connected from the spindle to the heating fluid storage tank.
24. The method of claim 13, wherein the first valve element, the second valve element and the third valve element are solenoid valves, and the computing unit is a computer or a programmable logic controller.
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| CN106475852A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-03-08 | 嘉善津隈精密机械有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional lathe with cooling circulatory function |
| CN106679220A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-17 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Heat pump air conditioning system and control method thereof |
| CN207953368U (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-10-12 | 东莞市德祺仕机械有限公司 | A kind of oil cooling machine |
| TWM578203U (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-21 | 立義自動化股份有限公司 | High pressure cooling system of machine tool |
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| US10906150B2 (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2021-02-02 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc | Mechanically pumped system for direct control of two-phase isothermal evaporation |
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| CN106679220A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-17 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Heat pump air conditioning system and control method thereof |
| CN106475852A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-03-08 | 嘉善津隈精密机械有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional lathe with cooling circulatory function |
| CN207953368U (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-10-12 | 东莞市德祺仕机械有限公司 | A kind of oil cooling machine |
| TWM578203U (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-21 | 立義自動化股份有限公司 | High pressure cooling system of machine tool |
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