CN113244942B - 非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法 - Google Patents
非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113244942B CN113244942B CN202110460206.2A CN202110460206A CN113244942B CN 113244942 B CN113244942 B CN 113244942B CN 202110460206 A CN202110460206 A CN 202110460206A CN 113244942 B CN113244942 B CN 113244942B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- methanol
- porous carbon
- zif
- doped porous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- -1 carboxylic acid methyl ester compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000013154 zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- MFLKDEMTKSVIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;2-methylimidazol-3-ide Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC1=NC=C[N-]1.CC1=NC=C[N-]1 MFLKDEMTKSVIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- SLCITEBLLYNBTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CO.CC=1NC=CN1 Chemical compound CO.CC=1NC=CN1 SLCITEBLLYNBTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZJLKZLGZJOXUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N CO.O.O.O.O.O.O.[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Zn+2].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-] Chemical compound CO.O.O.O.O.O.O.[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Zn+2].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-] ZJLKZLGZJOXUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-adamantyl)-3-aminothiourea Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(NC(=S)NN)C3 XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QPHLRCUCFDXGLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanol Chemical compound COC1=CC(CO)=CC(OC)=C1OC QPHLRCUCFDXGLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 19
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- DDIZAANNODHTRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-anisate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 DDIZAANNODHTRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BIGQPYZPEWAPBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 BIGQPYZPEWAPBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XPNGNIFUDRPBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylphenyl)methanol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1CO XPNGNIFUDRPBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OEGPRYNGFWGMMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1OC OEGPRYNGFWGMMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HDJLSECJEQSPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl 2-Furancarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CO1 HDJLSECJEQSPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WVWZECQNFWFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-methylbenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C WVWZECQNFWFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSSJZLPUHJDYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-methylbenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 QSSJZLPUHJDYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMRROBKAACRWBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl naphthalene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)OC)=CC=CC2=C1 HMRROBKAACRWBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- PBLNHHSDYFYZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-naphthyl)methanol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CO)=CC=CC2=C1 PBLNHHSDYFYZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJWGKXIQTRYZSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diiodoaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(I)C=C1I YJWGKXIQTRYZSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPKIXZRJUHCCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylphenoxy)methyl]oxirane Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1OCC1OC1 GPKIXZRJUHCCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJCKHVUTVOPLBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylbenzyl alcohol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(CO)=C1 JJCKHVUTVOPLBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSHFRERJPWKJFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 MSHFRERJPWKJFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTDMTZBNYGUNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzyl alcohol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 KMTDMTZBNYGUNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEOFNBCUGJADBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylaethergallussaeure-aethylester Natural products CCOC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 UEOFNBCUGJADBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L acetonitrile;palladium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pd+2].CC#N.CC#N RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHGBMFXPDCARTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1(C(=O)OCC)CC1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WHGBMFXPDCARTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013461 intermediate chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPSDUZXPYCFOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M m-toluate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C([O-])=O)=C1 GPSDUZXPYCFOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PTSSKYUSCIALKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3,4-dimethylbenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 PTSSKYUSCIALKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KACHFMOHOPLTNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl tri-O-methylgallate Natural products COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 KACHFMOHOPLTNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium methoxide Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
- B01J37/086—Decomposition of an organometallic compound, a metal complex or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B41/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen
- C07B41/12—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen of carboxylic acid ester groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/39—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by oxidation of groups which are precursors for the acid moiety of the ester
- C07C67/40—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by oxidation of groups which are precursors for the acid moiety of the ester by oxidation of primary alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/68—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法,是以ZIF‑8为前驱体,经过真空活化及保温煅烧,使其中的金属锌升华为气体而蒸发,得到不含任何金属的非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂,制备方法简单、原料易得成本低。以所制得的非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂制备羧酸甲酯化合物,不仅具有收率高、反应条件简单温和、后处理容易且可重复使用催化剂等优点,关键是催化剂不含金属,避免金属在反应过程中流失至产物中,有效提高了产物纯度,可适用于医药和高新生物技术领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法,尤其是一种非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法。
背景技术
羧酸甲酯化合物是一类非常重要的有机合成中间体和精细化工产品,广泛应用于有机合成、涂料、化妆品、食品、香料、医药及高分子材料等领域。目前制备甲酯类化合物的方法主要是一锅法,即催化氧化醇一步合成甲酯类化合物,已报道有均相和多相催化体系,但催化体系中均需要贵金属和非贵金属,存在着不同程度的问题。
均相催化体系主要是采用Pd为催化剂,如2011年,雷爱文课题组(Angew. Chem.Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 5144-5148)报道了用5mol%的[PdCl2(CH3CN)2]作为催化剂,10 mol%的AgBF4和2个当量的NaOtBu作为添加剂,45℃,氧气球压力下,实现了甲酯类化合物的合成。2011年,Matthias Beller课题组和雷爱文课题组几乎同时,在Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.报道了Pd催化的醇直接氧化为酯类化合物的方法。Matthias Beller课题组(Angew. Chem.Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 5139-5143)报道了用2-5 mol%的Pd(OAc)2作为催化剂,添加4-5mol% nBuP(1-adamantyl)2作为配体,加入4-10 mol% AgPF6和50-120 mol%的K2CO3作为添加剂,50-80℃,1 bar O2条件下反应20-40h,实现了甲酯类化合物的合成。上述方法反应需要加入贵金属Pd且不能回收循环使用,成本高;而且为获得高的催化活性,需要加入配体或者多种添加剂,产物分离比较复杂。
多相催化剂体系主要是将催化剂负载在载体上,可解决均相催化体系不能回收循环使用催化剂的问题,但所用催化剂大多仍为贵金属Pd、Au,尤其是纳米金催化剂,在醇氧化酯化中有着广泛的应用。纳米金催化体系大部分需要添加大量的碱、较高的反应温度和高的反应压力(0.3MPa-2MPa),仅有少量的催化体系(Au/K2TiO13,Au/MgAl-HT,PI-Au)能在稍温和条件下实现醇氧化为酯,如2013年Stahl课题组(Organic Letters, 2013, 15,5072)报道了Pd/charcoal催化剂,在硝酸铋、金属Te和甲醇钾的存在下,能够实现醇氧化为酯。2013年,Matthias Beller课题组报道了一种非贵金属多相催化体系,以氮掺杂碳负载的四氧化三钴为催化剂(J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135, 10776-10782),即Co3O4-N/C材料,以碳酸钾或磷酸钾为添加剂,在1 atm氧气条件下,60-120℃,反应24-30 h,可实现醇直接氧化酯化为甲酯类化合物。2015年,李映伟报道了热解 ZIF-67 得到氮掺杂钴基催化材料(ACS Catalysis, 2015, 5(3): 1850–1856),应用于温和条件下醇直接氧化酯化反应中,实验发现在800℃下热解的钴基催化剂表现出很高的活性,虽然该催化剂体系反应条件温和,但是反应时间很长96h。同年,姜海龙报道了采用硬模板法以 ZIF-67 为催化剂的前驱体,得到多孔的钴负载氮掺杂的催化剂(Chemical Communications, 2015, 51(39):8292–8295.),反应过程中添加碳酸钾,在甲醇溶液中氧化酯化生成甲酯类化合物,反应温度 80℃,反应时间12-24 h,甲酯类化合物收率为88-100%。上述非贵金属(钴)多相催化体系的产物收率较高,但是因催化体系存在金属钴,不仅生产成本较高,而且钴在反应过程中不可避免流失至产物中,降低产物纯度,不适用于医药和高新生物技术领域。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决现有技术所存在的上述技术问题,提供一种非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是:一种非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂,依次按照如下步骤制备:
步骤1:称取3.36 g的六水合硝酸锌,溶解于160 mL的甲醇中,超声至完全溶解,得到六水合硝酸锌甲醇溶液;另称取7.4 g的2-甲基咪唑,溶解于160 mL的甲醇中,超声至完全溶解,得到2-甲基咪唑甲醇溶液;将2-甲基咪唑甲醇溶液滴加到六水合硝酸锌甲醇溶液中,室温下反应12~36 h得到ZIF-8溶液,所述六水合硝酸锌甲醇溶液与2-甲基咪唑甲醇溶液的体积比为1:1~5;将得到的ZIF-8溶液置于离心机中离心8 min,得到的固体用甲醇超声洗涤3-5次,60 oC真空干燥箱中干燥12 h,得到ZIF-8;
步骤2:将得到的ZIF-8在200℃抽真空活化2h后放入管式炉,在氮气气氛中,以5℃/min升温至恒温800~1000℃并保温2 h,冷却至室温,得到黑色粉末;
步骤3:将得到黑色粉末用1~5mol/L盐酸室温下浸泡24 h,最后用去离子水洗至中性,80℃烘箱内干燥,即得非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂。
一种采用上述非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法,是将非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂、醇、无机碱及甲醇按照用量比为150mg :0.5 mmol:0.025~0.1mmol:2 mL依次置入反应容器中,以氧气或者空气为氧化剂,氧化剂压力为0.3~1.0 MPa,在温度100-160℃下反应12-24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到羧酸甲酯类化合物。
所用醇为商业易得的醇,无机碱包括氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸铯、磷酸钾中的一种或几种。
本发明是以ZIF-8为前驱体,经过真空活化及保温煅烧,使其中的金属锌升华为气体而蒸发,得到不含任何金属的非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂,制备方法简单、原料易得成本低。以所制得的非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂制备羧酸甲酯化合物,不仅具有收率高、反应条件简单温和、后处理容易且可重复使用催化剂等优点,关键是催化剂不含金属,避免金属在反应过程中流失至产物中,有效提高了产物纯度,可适用于医药和高新生物技术领域。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
本发明的非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂,依次按照如下步骤制备:
步骤1:称取3.36 g的六水合硝酸锌,溶解于160 mL的甲醇中,超声至完全溶解,得到六水合硝酸锌甲醇溶液;另称取7.4 g的2-甲基咪唑,溶解于160 mL的甲醇中,超声至完全溶解,得到2-甲基咪唑甲醇溶液;将2-甲基咪唑甲醇溶液全部滴加到六水合硝酸锌甲醇溶液中,室温下反应24 h得到ZIF-8溶液;将得到的ZIF-8溶液置于离心机中离心8 min,得到的固体用甲醇超声洗涤4次,60 oC真空干燥箱中干燥12 h,得到ZIF-8;
步骤2:将得到的ZIF-8在200℃抽真空活化2h后放入管式炉,在氮气气氛中,以5℃/min升温至恒温900℃并保温2 h,冷却至室温,得到黑色粉末;
步骤3:将得到黑色粉末用2mol/L盐酸室温下浸泡24 h,最后用去离子水洗至中性,80℃烘箱内干燥,即得非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂,命名为催化剂N-C-900。
实施例2:
基本按照实施例1的方法进行制备,区别是步骤2以5℃/min升温至恒温800℃并保温2 h,得到的目标催化剂命名为催化剂N-C-800。
实施例3:
基本按照实施例1的方法进行制备,区别是步骤2以5℃/min升温至恒温1000℃并保温2 h,得到的目标催化剂命名为催化剂N-C-1000。
实施例4:
将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,54 mg 苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),13.8 mg K2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,苯甲酸甲酯的产率为85%。
实施例5:
按照实施例4的方法用150 mg催化剂 N-C-800制备苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,苯甲酸甲酯的产率为79%。
实施例6:
按照实施例4的方法用150 mg催化剂 N-C-1000制备苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,苯甲酸甲酯的产率为78%。
对比例1:
基本按照实施例1的方法进行制备,区别是步骤2以5℃/min升温至恒温600℃并保温2 h,得到的目标催化剂命名为催化剂N-C-600。
按照实施例4的方法用150 mg 催化剂N-C-600制备苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,苯甲酸甲酯的产率为30%。
对比例2:
基本按照实施例1的方法进行制备,区别是步骤2以5℃/min升温至恒温600℃并保温2 h,得到的目标催化剂命名为催化剂N-C-700。
按照实施例4的方法用150 mg催化剂 N-C-700制备苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,苯甲酸甲酯的产率为69%。
通过对比可以看出,本发明实施例苯甲酸甲酯收率高于对比例。
实施例7:将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,54 mg 苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),10.6 mg Na2CO3,2mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,苯甲酸甲酯的产率为84%。
实施例8:将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,54 mg 苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),32.6 mg Cs2CO3,2mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,苯甲酸甲酯的产率为79%。
实施例9:将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,54 mg 苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),4 mg NaOH,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,苯甲酸甲酯的产率为75%。
实施例10:
将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,61 mg对甲基苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),13.8mg K2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到对甲基苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,对甲基苯甲酸甲酯的产率为86%。
实施例11:
将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,61 mg邻甲基苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),13.8mg K2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到邻甲基苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,邻甲基苯甲酸甲酯的产率为83%。
实施例12:
将150 mg催化剂 N-C-900,61 mg 间甲基苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),13.8mg K2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到间甲基苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,间甲基苯甲酸甲酯的产率为85%。
实施例13:
将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,68 mg 3,4-二甲基苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),13.8mg K2CO3,2mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到3,4-二甲基苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,3,4-二甲基苯甲酸甲酯的产率为80%。
实施例14:
将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,69 mg 对甲氧基苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),13.8mg K2CO3,2mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到对甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,对甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯的产率为89%。
实施例15:
将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,79 mg 1-萘甲醇(0.5 mmol),13.8mg K2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到萘甲酸甲酯。经检测,萘甲酸甲酯的产率为85%。
实施例16:
将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,84 mg 3,4-二甲氧基苯甲醇(0.5 mmol),13.8mgK2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到3,4-二甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,3,4-二甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯的产率为87%。
实施例17:
将150 mg催化剂N-C-900,99 mg 3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醇 (0.5 mmol),13.8mgK2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯。经检测,3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯的产率为90%。
实施例18:
将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900, 49 mg 糠醇(0.5 mmol),13.8mg K2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到糠酸甲酯。经检测,糠酸甲酯的产率为85%。
实施例19:
将150 mg 催化剂N-C-900,36 mg甲基丙烯醇(0.5 mmol),13.8mg K2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25 mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24 h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到甲基丙烯酸甲酯。经检测,甲基丙烯酸甲酯的产率为80%。
Claims (1)
1.一种非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法,其特征在于:将150mg催化剂N-C-900,99 mg 3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醇,13.8mg K2CO3,2 mL甲醇依次加入到25mL聚四氟乙烯内衬的压力釜中,密闭反应釜,用氧气将釜充压力至0.6 MPa,150℃反应24h,冷却至室温,过滤除去固体,再减压蒸馏浓缩除去溶剂,粗产品经柱层析分离,得到3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯;
所述催化剂N-C-900按照如下步骤制备而成:
步骤1:称取3.36 g的六水合硝酸锌,溶解于160 mL的甲醇中,超声至完全溶解,得到六水合硝酸锌甲醇溶液;另称取7.4 g的2-甲基咪唑,溶解于160 mL的甲醇中,超声至完全溶解,得到2-甲基咪唑甲醇溶液;将2-甲基咪唑甲醇溶液全部滴加到六水合硝酸锌甲醇溶液中,室温下反应24 h得到ZIF-8溶液;将得到的ZIF-8溶液置于离心机中离心8 min,得到的固体用甲醇超声洗涤4次,60℃真空干燥箱中干燥12 h,得到ZIF-8;
步骤2:将得到的ZIF-8在200℃抽真空活化2h后放入管式炉,在氮气气氛中,以5℃/min升温至恒温900℃并保温2 h,冷却至室温,得到黑色粉末;
步骤3:将得到黑色粉末用2mol/L盐酸室温下浸泡24 h,最后用去离子水洗至中性,80℃烘箱内干燥,即得非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂,命名为催化剂N-C-900。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110460206.2A CN113244942B (zh) | 2021-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | 非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110460206.2A CN113244942B (zh) | 2021-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | 非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113244942A CN113244942A (zh) | 2021-08-13 |
CN113244942B true CN113244942B (zh) | 2023-09-19 |
Family
ID=77221793
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110460206.2A Active CN113244942B (zh) | 2021-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | 非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113244942B (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104292106A (zh) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种一锅法制备有机羧酸酯的方法 |
CN107686105A (zh) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-02-13 | 太原理工大学 | 一种高效氮掺杂碳纳米管的制法及其氮掺杂碳纳米管的应用 |
CN108380232A (zh) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-08-10 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所苏州研究院 | 钴基催化剂、其制法及其在合成3-羟基羧酸酯中的应用 |
CN110015650A (zh) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-16 | 安徽师范大学 | 高比表面积和高孔容的分级多孔氮掺杂碳材料及其制备方法 |
CN110152702A (zh) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-23 | 同济大学 | 一种有机骨架衍生氮碳纳米材料及其制备方法和应用 |
-
2021
- 2021-04-27 CN CN202110460206.2A patent/CN113244942B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104292106A (zh) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种一锅法制备有机羧酸酯的方法 |
CN107686105A (zh) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-02-13 | 太原理工大学 | 一种高效氮掺杂碳纳米管的制法及其氮掺杂碳纳米管的应用 |
CN108380232A (zh) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-08-10 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所苏州研究院 | 钴基催化剂、其制法及其在合成3-羟基羧酸酯中的应用 |
CN110152702A (zh) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-23 | 同济大学 | 一种有机骨架衍生氮碳纳米材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN110015650A (zh) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-16 | 安徽师范大学 | 高比表面积和高孔容的分级多孔氮掺杂碳材料及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
"Highly graphitized nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanopolyhedra derived from ZIF-8 nanocrystals as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions";Linjie Zhang等;《Nanoscale》;第6卷;第6590-6602页 * |
"Nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials: promising catalysts or catalyst supports for heterogeneous hydrogenation and oxidation";Mingming Li等;《Catalysis Science & Technology》;第6卷;第3670-3693页 * |
"Utilization of biomass waste: Facile synthesis high nitrogen-doped porous carbon from pomelo peel and used as catalyst support for aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural";Chaoxin Yang等;《Fuel》;第278卷;第1-11页 * |
Linjie Zhang等."Highly graphitized nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanopolyhedra derived from ZIF-8 nanocrystals as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions".《Nanoscale》.2014,第6卷 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113244942A (zh) | 2021-08-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3427822B1 (en) | Catalyst for preparing 2,5-furancarboxylic acid and method for preparing 2,5-furancarboxylic acid using catalyst | |
US9944587B2 (en) | Process for vapor-phase methanol carbonylation to methyl formate, a catalyst used in the process and a method for preparing the catalyst | |
CN107442177B (zh) | 5-羟甲基糠醛选择性加氢合成2,5-呋喃二甲醇的方法 | |
CN108452799B (zh) | 一种负载型银催化剂的制备方法及其催化苯甲醇无氧脱氢制苯甲醛的应用 | |
CN109761811B (zh) | 一种羧酸酯的制备方法 | |
Li et al. | Stable and efficient CuCr catalyst for the solvent-free hydrogenation of biomass derived ethyl levulinate to γ-valerolactone as potential biofuel candidate | |
Mishra et al. | Hydroxyapatite supported gold nanocatalyst for base-free oxidative esterification of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural to 2, 5-furan dimethylcarboxylate with air as oxidant | |
CN110302821A (zh) | 氮掺杂多孔钴碳材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN109836315B (zh) | 一种藜芦醛的催化制备方法 | |
CN111408392A (zh) | 钴氮共掺杂多孔碳材料催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN110183327B (zh) | 一种催化氧化羟基酯制备酮酸酯的方法 | |
Wang et al. | Oxidative esterification of alcohols by a single-side organically decorated Anderson-type chrome-based catalyst | |
Purushothaman et al. | The oxidative esterification of glycerol to methyl glycerate in methanol using gold on oxidic supports: an insight in product selectivity | |
CN105693490A (zh) | 一种氧化制备2,3,5-三甲基苯醌的方法 | |
CN113244942B (zh) | 非金属氮掺杂多孔碳催化剂及制备羧酸甲酯化合物的方法 | |
CN110833844B (zh) | 碳酸钴在分子氧无溶剂催化氧化乙苯制苯乙酮中的应用 | |
CN109400452B (zh) | 一种呋喃衍生物酸催化加氢制3-乙酰丙醇和1,4-戊二醇的方法 | |
CN108144612B (zh) | 一种用于一锅法合成羧酸酯的钴基催化剂及其制备和应用 | |
CN114315557B (zh) | 一种高收率反式2-丁烯酸的生产方法 | |
CN116273120A (zh) | 一种碳氮掺杂负载型钴基催化剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
Tang et al. | Aerobic oxidative lactonization of diols at room temperature over defective titanium-based oxides in water | |
CN111253230B (zh) | 一种水相催化5-羟甲基糠醛加氢制备3-羟甲基环戊酮的方法 | |
CN115805096A (zh) | 一种非均相氮掺杂碳材料负载钴催化剂及维生素k3的生产工艺 | |
CN111170840A (zh) | 负载型双功能催化剂在糠醛制备3-乙酰丙醇中的应用 | |
CN107540520B (zh) | 一种由频那醇制备均苯四甲酸或偏苯三甲酸的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |