CN113243172A

CN113243172A - Agricultural discharger capable of adjusting discharge amount

Info

Publication number: CN113243172A
Application number: CN202110405165.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏倩倩; 张文毅; 祁兵; 刘宏俊; 王云霞
Original assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Current assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Priority date: 2021-04-15
Filing date: 2021-04-15
Publication date: 2021-08-13

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural discharger capable of adjusting discharge capacity, which comprises a rack, wherein a storage bin, a discharge device and a discharge pipe are arranged on the rack; the discharge device is used for conveying the materials in the storage bin to the discharge pipe to be discharged; the discharging device comprises a distributing wheel, and a plurality of accommodating grooves are formed in the circumferential array of the periphery of the distributing wheel; the agricultural discharger further comprises an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the volume of the accommodating groove. According to the agricultural discharger capable of adjusting the discharge quantity, the adjusting mechanism is arranged to adjust the actual volume of each accommodating groove on the distributing wheel, so that the discharger can meet the discharge quantity requirements of different materials, and the applicability of the discharger is improved.

Description

Agricultural discharger capable of adjusting discharge amount

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an agricultural discharger capable of adjusting discharge quantity.

Background

The discharger is a common device of agricultural machinery, can continuously and quantitatively discharge agricultural materials such as seeds and fertilizers, and provides a foundation for agricultural automatic seeding and fertilizing. In the existing agricultural machinery, the specification of the discharger is usually fixed, so that the agricultural machinery can only be suitable for one kind of seeds or fertilizers, and the universality is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the agricultural discharger with good universality and adjustable discharge capacity.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the agricultural discharger capable of adjusting the discharge quantity comprises a rack, wherein a storage bin, a discharge device and a discharge pipe are arranged on the rack; the discharge device is used for conveying the materials in the storage bin to the discharge pipe to be discharged;

the discharging device comprises a distributing wheel, and a plurality of accommodating grooves are formed in the circumferential array of the periphery of the distributing wheel; the agricultural discharger further comprises an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the volume of the accommodating groove.

Furthermore, the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting piece, the adjusting piece is provided with placing portions which are equal to the accommodating grooves in number and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the placing portions are provided with portions arranged in the accommodating grooves, and the adjusting piece can be integrally arranged in the axial direction of the distributing wheel in an adjusting mode.

Further, the discharge device comprises two adjusting pieces, the two adjusting pieces are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the material distributing wheel, and the two adjusting pieces move in the same speed and opposite directions relative to the material distributing wheel.

Furthermore, the adjusting mechanism also comprises an adjusting shaft, and two adjusting pins which are respectively arranged aiming at the two adjusting pieces are fixed on the adjusting shaft;

the adjusting piece is provided with an adjusting molded surface which is contacted with the adjusting pin, and when the adjusting shaft rotates, the adjusting pin enables the adjusting piece to move along the axial direction of the distributing wheel.

Further, the adjustment profile is a helical profile.

Further, the adjusting mechanism also comprises a spring, and the spring enables two adjusting pieces corresponding to the same material distributing wheel to have the tendency of moving away relatively.

Further, discharge device with the discharging pipe all has a plurality ofly and both respectively one-to-one setting, and all discharge device all follows the material is obtained in the feed bin.

Furthermore, the material distributing wheels of all the material discharging devices are driven by the same transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is driven by the first motor to operate.

Has the advantages that: according to the agricultural discharger capable of adjusting the discharge quantity, the adjusting mechanism is arranged to adjust the actual volume of each accommodating groove on the distributing wheel, so that the discharger can meet the discharge quantity requirements of different materials, and the applicability of the discharger is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an agricultural discharger with adjustable discharge capacity;

FIG. 2 is a first cross-sectional view of an adjustable discharge agricultural discharger;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a discharge apparatus section;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a structural view of portion A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a first perspective view of the adjustment member;

FIG. 7 is a second perspective view of the adjustment member;

FIG. 8 is a second cross-sectional view of an adjustable discharge agricultural discharger;

FIG. 9 is a state diagram of the metering device portion with the redirection member in the metering state;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a redirection piece;

FIG. 11 is a combination diagram of the translation mechanism, the metering mechanism and the turnover mechanism;

fig. 12 is an enlarged structural view of a portion B in fig. 11.

In the figure: 1-a frame; 2-a storage bin; 3-a discharge device; 31-a distributing wheel; 311-a receiving groove; 32-an adjustment member; 321-an embedding part; 322-adjusting the profile; 33-an adjustment shaft; 34-an adjustment pin; 35-a spring; 36-a drive shaft; 361-through groove; 37-a first motor; 38-a second motor; 39-clutch means; 391-intermediate unit; 392-a first engagement unit; 393-a second engagement unit; 310-arc material separating plate; 320-a discharge hole; 4-a metering device; 41-redirection piece; 411-channel; 42-state switching architecture; 43-a metering mechanism; 431-weighing; 432-a container; 433-a summary piece; 44-a turnover mechanism; 441-a collar; 442-a flip actuator; 45-a hose; 46-a translation mechanism; 461-sliding table; 462-a translation actuator; 5-a discharge pipe.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The agricultural discharger capable of adjusting the discharge quantity as shown in the attached figure 1 comprises a frame 1, wherein a storage bin 2, a discharge device 3 and a discharge pipe 5 are arranged on the frame 1; the discharging device 3 is used for conveying the material in the storage bin 2 to the discharging pipe 5 for discharging.

As shown in fig. 2, the discharging device 3 includes a material distributing wheel 31 and an arc-shaped material distributing plate 310, which are coaxially disposed, a plurality of accommodating grooves 311 are circumferentially arranged around the material distributing wheel 31 in an array, and an outer contour of the material distributing wheel 31 is attached to an inner wall of the arc-shaped material distributing plate 310; divide material wheel 31 can for frame 1 controllable rotation, so, along with the rotation of dividing material wheel 31, every storage tank 311 on dividing material wheel 31 all can follow the interior material that obtains of feed bin 2 to the material is transported to corresponding discharging pipe 5 and is discharged.

In order to realize multi-path discharging, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the discharging device 3 and the discharging pipe 5 are multiple, the number of the discharging device 3 and the discharging pipe 5 is equal, the discharging device and the discharging pipe are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and all the discharging devices 3 obtain materials from the storage bin 2.

Further, the distributing wheels 31 of all the discharging devices 3 are driven by the same transmission shaft 36, and the transmission shaft 36 is driven by a first motor 37.

As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the agricultural discharger further includes an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the volume of the containing groove 311. The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting member 32, as shown in fig. 6, the adjusting member 32 is provided with inserting portions 321 which are equal in number to the accommodating grooves 311 and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the inserting portions 321 have portions arranged in the accommodating grooves 311, and the adjusting member 32 can be integrally adjusted in position in the axial direction of the distributing wheel 31. By adopting the structure, the width of the part, which can actually contain the material, of the containing groove 311 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjusting piece 32 relative to the material distributing wheel 31, so that the actual volume of the containing groove 311 can be adjusted, and the discharge amount of the discharge device 3 can be adjusted.

Preferably, the discharging device 3 comprises two adjusting members 32, the two adjusting members 32 are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the distributing wheel 31, and the two adjusting members 32 move in the same speed and opposite directions relative to the distributing wheel 31.

Specifically, in order to realize the equal-speed reverse movement of the two adjusting members 32, the adjusting mechanism further comprises an adjusting shaft 33, and two adjusting pins 34 respectively arranged for the two adjusting members 32 are fixed on the adjusting shaft 33; the adjusting member 32 is provided with an adjusting profile 322 which is in contact with the adjusting pin 34, and when the adjusting shaft 33 rotates, the adjusting pin 34 causes the adjusting member 32 to move along the axial direction of the distributing wheel 31. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the adjusting profile 322 is a spiral profile, and the adjusting profile 322 is disposed on a side of the adjusting member 32 facing away from the material distributing wheel 31. When the adjusting shaft 33 rotates, the contact position of the adjusting pin 34 with the spiral profile changes, so that the adjusting member 32 moves axially, and the adjustment of the actual volume of the accommodating groove 311 is realized.

The adjusting mechanism also comprises a spring 35, and the spring 35 enables two adjusting pieces 32 corresponding to the same distributing wheel 31 to have the tendency of moving away relatively. The spring 35 is compressed when the adjustment pin 34 presses against the adjustment profile 322 and returns when the adjustment pin 34 moves away from the adjustment profile 322 to ensure that the adjustment profile 322 is constantly in contact with the adjustment pin 34.

The adjusting shaft 33 and the transmission shaft 36 are coaxially arranged, wherein the transmission shaft 36 is a hollow shaft, the transmission shaft 36 is sleeved outside the adjusting shaft 33, and a through groove 361 for the adjusting pin 34 to pass through is formed in the outer wall of the transmission shaft 36; the distributing wheel 31 is fixed relative to the transmission shaft 36, and the springs 35 are arranged between the adjusting pieces 32 arranged on both sides of the distributing wheel 31 and the distributing wheel 31.

In addition, in order to control the rotation of the adjusting shaft 33 relative to the transmission shaft 36 conveniently, the agricultural discharger further comprises a second motor 38 for driving the adjusting shaft 33 to rotate relative to the transmission shaft 36, and in addition, the discharger further comprises a clutch device 39, wherein the clutch device 39 comprises an intermediate unit 391, a first joint unit 392 and a second joint unit 393; the first engaging unit 392 and the second engaging unit 393 are fixed to the output shaft of the second electric motor 38 and the transmission shaft 36, respectively, and the intermediate unit 391 is fixed to the adjusting shaft 33; when the discharging device 3 performs the discharging operation, the intermediate unit 391 is engaged with the second engaging unit 393 and disengaged from the first engaging unit 392, so that the adjusting shaft 33 can rotate together with the transmission shaft 36; when the discharge amount of the discharge device 3 needs to be adjusted, the intermediate unit 391 is controlled to be engaged with the first engaging unit 392 and to be disengaged from the second engaging unit 393, so that the second motor 38 can drive the adjusting shaft 33 to rotate, and after the adjustment is completed, the intermediate unit 391 is controlled to be engaged with the second engaging unit 393 and to be disengaged from the first engaging unit 392 to continue the discharge operation.

In order to measure the discharge amount of the discharge device 3 conveniently, the discharge device further comprises a measuring device 4, when the discharge device 3 finishes the adjustment of the discharge amount, the discharge device 3 is controlled to operate a discharge task in a fixed period, the discharged material is measured through the measuring device 4, the discharge amount in a unit period is calculated according to a measured numerical value to judge whether the discharge device 3 meets the requirement, if not, the discharge amount of the discharge device 3 is continuously adjusted, the discharge amount is continuously calculated, and the operation is circulated until the target discharge amount is obtained.

As shown in fig. 8, the metering device 4 includes a direction changing member 41, a state switching mechanism 42, and a metering mechanism 43. As shown in fig. 10, the redirecting element 41 is provided with a number of passages 411 equal to the number of tapping pipes 5; the direction-changing piece 41 is rotatably mounted relative to the rack 1, and the upper end of each channel 411 is connected with each discharge port 320; the state switching structure 42 is used for switching the redirection piece 41 between a discharging state and a metering state; as shown in fig. 8, in the discharging state, the redirection piece 41 communicates each discharging hole 320 with the corresponding discharging pipe 5; as shown in fig. 9, in the metering state, each channel 411 guides the seeds discharged from the discharge port 320 to the metering mechanism 43, and the metering mechanism 43 is used for weighing and metering the seeds discharged from the discharge port 320.

With the above structure, the state of the direction change member 41 is changed to the metering state by the state change structure 42, so that the seeds entering the discharge pipe 5 can be guided to the metering mechanism 43 for metering, and the passage 411 of the direction change member 41 is short, so that the seeds do not stay in the passage 411 to cause inaccurate metering result of the metering mechanism 43. Above-mentioned structure easy operation need not to obtain the discharged seed to the end of each discharging pipe 5, and convenient to use is swift.

Preferably, the state switching mechanism 42 is a motor, so that the state of the direction-changing member 41 can be automatically switched by controlling the rotation of the motor.

The discharge port 320 is connected to the upper end of the channel 411 through a hose 45, so that the upper end of the channel 411 is always communicated with the discharge port 320 when the state of the direction-changing member 41 is switched, and a gap for leaking seeds is not generated.

The metering mechanism 43 comprises a scale 431 and a container 432; the container 432 is placed on the scale 431; in the metering state, the seeds guided out by the redirecting part 41 enter the container 432.

Specifically, the weighing mechanism 43 further includes a collector 433, and the collector 433 includes a hopper-shaped portion and a discharge portion; the discharge portion is disposed above the container 432; the collecting member 433 is used for collecting all the seeds discharged from the channel 411. All the seeds discharged from the discharge device 3 can be collected by the collecting member 433 and discharged into the container 432.

The metering device 4 further comprises a turnover mechanism 44 and a translation mechanism 46; the translation mechanism 46 is configured to move the containers 432 out from below the merge 433 such that the projection of the containers 432 and the projection of the lower end of the merge 433 are offset from each other in a top view; the turnover mechanism 44 is used for pouring out the seeds in the container 432. As shown in fig. 11, the translation mechanism 46 includes a sliding table 461 and a translation actuator 462, the sliding table 461 is driven by the translation actuator 462 to slide, the translation actuator 462 is an electric push rod, and the metering mechanism 43 and the tilting mechanism 44 are both mounted on the sliding table 461. As shown in fig. 12, the turnover mechanism 44 includes a collar 441 and a turnover actuator 442, a ring groove is disposed around the container 432, the collar 441 is disposed in the ring groove, and when the container 432 is placed on the scale 431, the upper and lower edges of the ring groove are not in contact with the collar 441, so that the container 432 is not subjected to the lifting or pressing force of the collar 441, and the measurement value of the scale 431 is not affected by the collar 441; the turning actuator 442 is used to drive the ring 441 to turn, and in this embodiment, the turning actuator 442 is a motor.

According to the agricultural discharger capable of adjusting the discharge quantity, the adjusting mechanism is arranged to adjust the actual volume of each accommodating groove on the distributing wheel, so that the discharger can meet the discharge quantity requirements of different materials, and the applicability of the discharger is improved.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural discharger capable of adjusting discharge capacity is characterized by comprising a rack (1), wherein a storage bin (2), a discharge device (3) and a discharge pipe (5) are mounted on the rack (1); the discharging device (3) is used for conveying the materials in the storage bin (2) to the discharging pipe (5) for discharging;

the discharging device (3) comprises a distributing wheel (31), and a plurality of accommodating grooves (311) are formed in the circumferential array of the periphery of the distributing wheel (31); the agricultural discharger further comprises an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the volume of the accommodating groove (311).

2. The agricultural discharger capable of adjusting the discharge amount according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting member (32), the adjusting member (32) is provided with inserting portions (321) which are equal in number and arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the accommodating grooves (311), the inserting portions (321) are provided with portions which are arranged in the accommodating grooves (311), and the adjusting member (32) can be integrally adjusted in position in the axial direction of the distributing wheel (31).

3. An adjustable discharge agricultural discharger according to claim 2 wherein the discharge device (3) comprises two adjusting members (32), the two adjusting members (32) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the distribution wheel (31), and the two adjusting members (32) move in opposite directions at a constant speed relative to the distribution wheel (31).

4. -agricultural discharger adjustable in discharge according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting mechanism further comprises an adjusting shaft (33), and wherein two adjusting pins (34) respectively arranged for the two adjusting members (32) are fixed on the adjusting shaft (33);

the adjusting piece (32) is provided with an adjusting profile (322) contacted with the adjusting pin (34), and when the adjusting shaft (33) rotates, the adjusting pin (34) enables the adjusting piece (32) to move along the axial direction of the distributing wheel (31).

5. A discharge adjustable agricultural discharger according to claim 4 wherein the adjustment profile (322) is a helical profile.

6. An adjustable discharge agricultural discharger according to claim 4 wherein the adjustment mechanism further comprises a spring (35), the spring (35) causing the two adjustment members (32) corresponding to the same distributor wheel (31) to have a tendency to move relatively away.

7. Agricultural discharger according to claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of discharge devices (3) and discharge pipes (5) and both are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and all discharge devices (3) are arranged to receive material from the silo (2).

8. Agricultural discharger according to claim 7, wherein the distributing wheels (31) of all of the discharging devices (3) are driven by the same transmission shaft (36), and the transmission shaft (36) is driven by a first motor (37).