CN113239324B - Snakehead sexual maturity judging method and system - Google Patents
Snakehead sexual maturity judging method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a snakehead sexual maturity judging method, which comprises the following steps: 1. constructing a first training set training YOLACT model to obtain a snakehead top view segmentation model; constructing a second training set to train the YOLACT model to obtain a snakehead elevation segmentation model; 2. establishing a discrimination model between snakehead body size parameters and sexual maturity; 3. constructing a measuring system, calibrating a camera in the measuring system, and obtaining a conversion ratio of the pixel size to the real size; 4. collecting a top view and a front view of snakeheads by adopting a measuring system; obtaining snakehead outer contours in a snakehead top view and a snakehead front view by adopting a snakehead top view segmentation model and a snakehead front view segmentation model; 5. and obtaining the snakehead body size parameters according to the outline of the snakehead in the top view and the front view, and substituting the parameters into a sexual maturity judging model to obtain the sexual maturity judging result of the measured snakehead. The method does not need to dissect snakehead, has no damage to snakehead and no professional requirement on operators, and can rapidly judge the sexual maturity of snakehead.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish culture, and particularly relates to a method and a system for judging the sexual maturity of snakeheads by utilizing machine vision.
Background
In nature, along with normal development of fish, the gonads of the fish can develop to be mature in the breeding season, so that offspring can be bred. Under the condition of artificial cultivation, artificial spawning is needed to avoid that fishes cannot mature normally or to keep the male and female synchronous and produce fries in batches. The artificial spawning induction is to accurately judge the gonad maturity of fish, and spawning and semen discharging can be smoothly performed only after the spawning induction of parent fish in a certain development stage is achieved.
According to the volume, color, ovum or testis maturation standard, the gonads can be divided into 6 periods, i.e. period I, period II, period III, period IV, period V and period VI. The general knowledge of aquaculture considers that fertilized eggs can be obtained only after the testis and ovary enter the V phase, and then the sperms can be laid and discharged normally. The purpose of artificial induced spawning is to allow the gonads in stage IV to enter stage V rapidly. Many scholars claim to divide stage IV ovaries into three phases IV1, IV2, IV3, which is important in performing artificial breeding work. In some fish, oil drops on the oocyte in the IV1 stage are finely dispersed among yolk grains in the egg mass, and the oil drops are not obvious when the whole observation of the live eggs is performed under an dissecting scope, so that the yolk grains are enlarged; the oocyte oil drops in IV2 stage become larger and concentrate around the nucleus, the vitelline grains are larger and mutually fused; the oil drops of the oocyte in the IV3 stage are converged, a plurality of fishes are converged into 1 oil drop, the egg yolk granule fusion is obvious, and the nucleus is biased to the animal pole. Many experiments prove that mature egg grains cannot be obtained by artificial estrus when the oocyte is in the IV1 stage, and the mature egg grains can be obtained by artificial estrus when the nucleus is eccentric to polarization only in the IV2 and IV3 stages, so that the spawning is successful. Fish's IV testis can also be divided into initial IV and final IV, with the induction of spawning only at the final IV stage being rapid into stage v. Therefore, the accurate judgment of whether the gonad of the parent fish is in the IV stage and in which stage of the IV stage becomes the key of whether the artificial induced spawning is successful or not. However, in order to accurately judge the gonad maturity of fish, whether by visual inspection or other methods, the fish needs to be dissected before the fish can be developed, so that the method is not feasible in production. The snakehead body type is characterized by being cylindrical, the abdomen of the female parent fish and the male parent fish are obviously different after the breeding season is reached, and a technician with sufficient experience can even judge the body type of the snakehead parent fish according to the body type of the snakehead parent fish, but the error exists by means of naked eyes.
In addition, some fishes may have special marks, and the identification can be carried out by judging the fish by adopting a method for checking the tail handles of the male and female parent fishes by adopting a magnifying glass, for example, in Chinese patent document 'a method for identifying the maturity of parent fishes of schizothorax in application number 201610116116.0', but the method only exists on some special fishes, and other fishes, particularly snakeheads, cannot be used as a reference.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a sexual maturity judging method for snakeheads, which does not need to dissect snakeheads, does not damage snakeheads, has no professional requirements on operators, and can rapidly judge the sexual maturity of snakeheads.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a snakehead sexual maturity judging method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting a plurality of snakehead top views and calibrating outer contours to form a first training set; training a Yolact model by adopting a first training set to obtain a snakehead top view segmentation model;
collecting a plurality of snakehead front views and calibrating the outer contour to form a second training set; training a Yolact model by adopting a second training set to obtain a snakehead elevation segmentation model;
step 2, establishing a discrimination model between the snakehead body size parameter and the sexual maturity by adopting a statistical analysis method;
step 3, constructing a measuring system, wherein the measuring system comprises a fish tank and two cameras for respectively collecting front view and top view of the fish tank; calibrating the two cameras to obtain the conversion ratio of the pixel size to the real size;
step 4, collecting a top view and a front view of the snakehead by adopting a measuring system; obtaining the snakehead outer contour in the snakehead top view by adopting a snakehead top view segmentation model; obtaining the snakehead outer contour in the snakehead elevation by adopting a snakehead elevation segmentation model;
step 5, obtaining snakehead physical dimension parameters according to the outline of the snakehead in the top view and the front view; substituting the physical size parameters into a sexual maturity judging model to obtain a sexual maturity judging result of the measured snakehead.
On the other hand, the invention also discloses a snakehead sexual maturity judging system, which comprises:
the measurement system is used for acquiring a snakehead overlook video and a head-up video and comprises a fish tank and two cameras for respectively acquiring the snakehead overlook video and the head-up video;
the video image acquisition module is used for acquiring images in the snakehead overlooking video and the forward looking video according to the set frequency;
the snakehead top view segmentation model is used for segmenting snakeheads in the top view;
a snakehead elevation division model for dividing snakeheads in elevation;
the snakehead top view segmentation model and the snakehead front view segmentation model are both based on a YOLACT model;
the snakehead body size parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring snakehead body size parameters according to the outer outline of the snakehead in the top view and the front view;
the sexual maturity judging model is used for judging sexual maturity according to the snakehead body size parameters;
the beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the snakehead sexual maturity judging method disclosed by the invention has the following advantages: 1. the method is based on machine vision, does not need touching or dissecting snakeheads, and has no damage to snakeheads; 2. the method disclosed by the invention is used for constructing the discrimination model based on big data statistical analysis, has no professional and experience requirements on operators, and is rapid and accurate in discrimination.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for judging sexual maturity of snakehead according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of male snakeheads and female snakeheads in the reproductive stage;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a measurement system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a snakehead body in width, height and overall length;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the belly of snakehead;
fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the constitution of the snakehead sexual maturity judging system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated below in connection with the drawings and the detailed description.
Example 1:
the invention discloses a snakehead sexual maturity judging method, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting a plurality of snakehead top views and calibrating outer contours to form a first training set; training a Yolact model by adopting a first training set to obtain a snakehead top view segmentation model;
collecting a plurality of snakehead front views and calibrating the outer contour to form a second training set; training a Yolact model by adopting a second training set to obtain a snakehead elevation segmentation model;
the Yolact model is an efficient real-time example segmentation model, and the method adopts the Yolact model to establish a segmentation model of a snakehead top view and a snakehead front view, so that the snakehead contour can be obtained in real time.
In this embodiment, the snakehead top views with different angles form the first training set, that is, the first training set is the snakehead top views, but positions and angles of the snakeheads in different images are different, wherein the positions are determined by coordinates of a center point of the snakeheads on an image plane of the top view, and the angles are determined by rotation angles of a snakehead symmetry axis and a top view image coordinate axis.
Likewise, the snakehead elevation views at different angles form a second training set, the second training set is a snakehead elevation view, but positions and angles of snakeheads in different images are different, wherein the positions are determined by coordinates of a center point of the snakeheads on an image plane of the elevation view, and the angles are determined by rotation angles of a snakehead symmetry axis and an elevation view image coordinate axis.
Step 2, establishing a discrimination model between the snakehead body size parameter and the sexual maturity by adopting a statistical analysis method;
literature: xia Chongzhi, dong Chongzhi, jiang Zuofa, etc., the biology of oviductus Ranae to reservoir snakehead and its fishery uses freshwater fishery [ J ]. Freshwater fishery 1995,18 (4): 7-10, and literature: ma Taowu, xie Congxin, shuangjiao, liang Zihu, report on dynamic and maximum sustained fishing of snakehead population, 1999,21 (6): 43-46, indicate that the maturation coefficient is maximized when snakeheads enter the reproductive phase, i.e. when the gonads are in stages IV and v. The large maturation factor means that the ratio of the weight of the gonad to the weight after removal of the gonad is also large, and the abdomen becomes more enlarged from the appearance. Considering that in normal production, it is not feasible to use the maturation factor directly (the weight after the gonad is weighed and removed after the dissection of the fish is needed to calculate). Therefore, the invention judges the sexual maturity of the snakeheads by establishing the relation between the belly ratio and the sexual maturity. The specific steps of the establishment of the discrimination model are as follows:
step 2.1, measuring the belly ratio of female snakeheads and male snakeheads in the propagation period respectively, and judging the sexual maturity stage of the snakeheads by adopting a traditional method; the belly-to-body ratio is the ratio of the belly circumference to the body length of the snakehead; the body length is the length from the kissing end to the front end of the tail fin;
and 2.2, performing one-way ANOVA test by using a data analysis tool to obtain critical points of the abdomen ratios of the female and male snakeheads at each stage of sexual maturity stage.
In the embodiment, 100 snakeheads are selected, abdominal circumference and body length are measured respectively, then dissection is carried out, and development stage of the snakeheads is accurately judged by an expert through naked eye observation, experience judgment and microscope observation. Because the selected parent fish is in the reproductive stage, the gonad has developed to III or IV, and finally female snakehead is divided into 4 stages (III-IV, IV1, IV2 and IV3, between the ovary boundary and III-IV) according to the traditional method of gonad development stage of fish, oil drops on oocytes in IV1 are not obvious, oil drops on oocytes in IV2 are enlarged and concentrated around nuclei, and oil drops of oocytes in IV3 are converged and the nuclei are biased towards animal poles). Male snakeheads are divided into 3 stages (stage III-IV, stage IV, between the boundary and stage III-IV) of stage IV, in stage IV, no semen is extruded, primary spermatids are visible on the spermary slice, and in stage IV, semen is extruded, and few sperms appear in the spermary lumen. The belly to body ratio, i.e. the length of the belly band to the body length, was calculated for each fish and the results were as shown in tables 3 and 4 using the SPSS24.0 one-way ANOVA test.
TABLE 3 Abdominal aspect ratio at various stages of female snakehead ovary development
Note that: the different lower case letters of the shoulder marks of the same column of numbers indicate significant differences (P < 0.05). The following is the same.
TABLE 4 abdomen to body ratio at each stage of the development of the male snakehead testis
The comparison analysis shows that in 4 stages of female snakehead ovary development, the difference of the abdominal body ratio between III-IV stage and IV1 stage is obvious, the difference is obvious compared with IV2 stage and IV3 stage respectively, but the difference between IV2 stage and IV3 stage is not obvious, but the difference exists between average values. Therefore, the abdominal circumference change caused by the development of the ovaries is a decisive factor for the abdominal mass ratio, and the development stage of the ovaries of the snakeheads can be judged by the abdominal mass ratio of female snakeheads. For male snakeheads, the average difference between the abdomen ratios of 3 stages of development of the testis is remarkable, so that the development condition of the testis can be judged through the abdomen ratio.
In this embodiment, in combination with the normal distribution of the abdomen ratio values at each stage of the development of the testis and the ovary, the values with fewer distributions are removed, and a value distribution interval of the abdomen ratio at each stage of the development of the gonad is obtained, which is specifically as follows:
for male snakeheads, when the belly ratio is more than or equal to 0.46, the maturity is at the end of IV; when the abdomen ratio is more than or equal to 0.46 and is more than or equal to 0.43, the maturity is the initial stage of IV; at a belly ratio <0.43, maturity is III-IV.
For female snakeheads, when the belly ratio is more than or equal to 0.55, the maturity is IV 3; when the abdomen ratio is more than or equal to 0.55 and is more than or equal to 0.52, the maturity is IV2 stage; when the abdomen ratio is more than or equal to 0.52 and is more than or equal to 0.46, the maturity is IV1 stage; the maturity is III-IV at a belly ratio < 0.46.
For fish, the overall length is the length from the kissing end to the tail end of the tail fin, and the body length is the length from the kissing end to the front end of the tail fin. Based on the above-mentioned discrimination model, it is necessary to obtain the body length of snakehead and judge the sex of snakehead. The invention adopts a method based on statistical analysis to establish a linear relation between the length and the full length of the snakehead body and a distinguishing model of the sex of the snakehead and the body size parameter of the snakehead. The method comprises the following steps:
(I) Collecting the body length and the full length of a plurality of snakeheads, and carrying out linear regression analysis by using a statistical analysis tool to establish a linear relationship between the body length and the full length of the snakeheads;
in this embodiment, the body length and the whole length of 1000 snakeheads are collected, and the established linear relationship is:
L body ＝L all /1.16 (1)
wherein L is body Is the body length of snakehead, L all Is the whole length of snakehead.
(II) establishing a judging model of snakehead gender and snakehead physical dimension parameters by adopting a statistical analysis method.
As shown in fig. 2, the male and female snakeheads in the propagation period have obvious difference in the abdomen, the individual male snakeheads are longer, the body width is relatively smaller, and the individual female snakeheads are relatively shorter and the body width is larger, so that the male and female snakeheads can be judged according to the ratio of the body width to the body length. In the embodiment, the statistics analysis is carried out on 500 groups of female snakeheads and male snakeheads respectively, and the ratio of the body width to the body length of 99.13% of male snakeheads is less than or equal to 0.17; while 96.35% of female snakeheads have a body width to body length ratio >0.17. Therefore, the female and male judgment can be carried out according to the ratio of the body width to the body length of the snakeheads, wherein the male judgment is less than or equal to 0.17, and the female judgment is carried out when the female judgment is less than or equal to 0.17. Namely:
ρ＝W body /L body (2)
if ρ is less than or equal to 0.17, male; if ρ >0.17, female.
Step 3, constructing a measurement system, wherein the measurement system comprises a fish tank 100, and two cameras Cam1 and Cam2 for respectively acquiring overlook video and front view video of the fish tank, as shown in fig. 3; cam1 acquires a video of the water surface EFGH in the fish tank, and Cam2 acquires a video of the front surface ABCD of the fish tank. The height of the Cam1 from the water surface of the fish tank is fixed, and the height is 80 cm in the embodiment; the Cam2 is a fixed distance from the front of the aquarium, in this embodiment 20 cm. When the relative positions of the two cameras and the fish tank are fixed, a certain conversion relation exists between the pixel size of the object in the video frame shot by the two cameras and the actual size of the object, and the conversion relation can be obtained through calibration.
Calibrating the two cameras to obtain the conversion ratio of the pixel size to the real size; the invention has the following two calibration methods:
the method A comprises the following steps:
step 3.1A, placing a scale at the bottom of the fish tank, collecting a top view, and obtaining a conversion ratio of the pixel size of the top view to the real size according to the pixel size of the scale and the real size of the scale in the top view;
and 3.2A, placing a scale on the front of the fish tank, collecting a front view, and obtaining the conversion ratio of the front view pixel size to the real size according to the pixel size of the scale in the front view and the real size of the scale.
The method B comprises the following steps:
step 3.1B, measuring the total length, the height and the width of the snakeheads; placing snakeheads into a fish tank of a measuring system, and collecting a top view and a front view of the snakeheads;
step 3.2B, dividing the top view and the front view acquired in the step 3.1B by adopting a snakehead top view dividing model and a snakehead front view dividing model to obtain the outer contour of the snakehead;
step 3.3.B, obtaining an external rectangle of the snakehead outline in the top view, and obtaining the conversion ratio of the pixel size and the real size in the horizontal and vertical coordinate directions in the top view according to the length and width pixel values of the rectangle and the measured value of the whole length and the body width of the snakehead;
and 3.4B, obtaining an external rectangle of the snakehead outline in the front view, and obtaining the conversion ratio of the pixel size in the horizontal and vertical coordinate directions to the real size in the front view according to the length and width pixel values of the rectangle and the measured value of the whole length and the height of the snakehead.
Through the above steps 1-3, a measurement system and a calculation model have been established, and the following is a step of discriminating the sexual maturity of snakeheads.
Step 4, collecting a top view and a front view of the snakehead by adopting a measuring system; obtaining the snakehead outer contour in the snakehead top view by adopting a snakehead top view segmentation model; obtaining the snakehead outer contour in the snakehead elevation by adopting a snakehead elevation segmentation model;
step 5, obtaining snakehead physical dimension parameters according to the outline of the snakehead in the top view and the front view; substituting the physical size parameters into a sexual maturity judging model to obtain a sexual maturity judging result of the measured snakehead.
As shown in fig. 4, the outside contour of the snakehead in the top view is circumscribed by a rectangle, and the width of the pixel body of the snakehead is equal to the width of the pixel body of the snakehead; the outer contour of the snakehead is externally connected with a rectangle in front view, the width of the snakehead pixel is higher, and the length of the snakehead pixel is longer; according to the calibration result of the camera, converting the pixel body width, the pixel body height and the full length of the pixel into the actual body width W of the snakehead body High H body Full length L all 。
The body shape of snakehead is stick-shaped and is close to oval, as shown in figure 5. Therefore, an elliptical formula is used for calculating the ideal abdominal girth of the snakeheads. The length of the abdomen for one week, namely, the length from the highest part of the fish body is calculated by the following specific formula:
A bd ＝2πb+4(a-b) (3)
wherein a is snakehead height H body 1/2 of b is the width W of the snakehead body body 1/2 of (C);
the abdominal girth calculated according to the above equation is slightly larger than the actually measured abdominal girth. The reason is that the belly of snakehead is not regular ellipse, and the result of the calculation of the above formula is only approximate. According to the invention, through collecting abdominal circumference data of 500 groups of male fishes, correlation analysis between an actual measurement value and a calculated value is carried out by utilizing SPSS24.0 software, and the correlation is found to be obvious; then, linear regression analysis was performed using SPSS software to obtain the following functions: y=1.025x+0.2131 (y is the calculated girth length, x is the actual measured length, and the square R of the correlation coefficient of x and y 2 ＝0.9364)，
And correcting the calculated girth by using a formula, thereby obtaining more accurate girth.
Similarly, 500 groups of female fish data were collected for the above analysis to obtain the formula: y=0.8299x+6.5326 (y is the calculated girth length, x is the actual measured length, the correlation coefficient is squared R 2 ＝0.892)
Based on the above analysis, the calculation result of the formula (3) is corrected, the correction formula being:
from this calculation, the abdominal girth A 'of snakehead was obtained' bd 。
The whole step of distinguishing the sexual maturity is as follows:
obtaining the actual body width W of the snakehead according to the segmentation results of the top view and the front view and the calibration of the camera body High H body 、L all ；
Calculating according to the calculation formula (1) to obtain the body length L of snakehead body ；
Judging the sex of the snakehead according to the result of the calculation formula (2);
calculating the belly length of the snakehead according to the calculation formulas (3) and (4), so as to obtain the belly ratio of the snakehead;
and (3) according to the sexual maturity judging model established in the step (2), acquiring sexual maturity stages corresponding to the abdomen ratio, and obtaining a final sexual maturity judging result.
Example 2:
in example 1, the sexual maturity of snakeheads was determined one snakeheads at a time, i.e., one snakehead in a fish tank. In order to accelerate the distinguishing speed, a plurality of snakeheads can be placed in the fish tank. In this embodiment, 2 snakeheads are placed in the fish tank, and in order to facilitate the distinction by naked eyes, two snakeheads are placed one by one. In order to avoid that 2 snakeheads are positioned one above the other, which results in overlapping of two fish in the top view, the water level in the fish tank is set to be about the height of one fish in this embodiment.
In the front view, two fishes are blocked, and the process is as follows:
(1) In the front view, when the big fish fully shields the bodies of the small fish, the big fish can be displayed in the front view; in the corresponding top view, the large fish approaches to a camera Cam2 for acquiring the front view video, so that the two fish are distinguished; the front view and the top view can completely acquire the outer outline of the large fish, so that the total length, the body width and the height of the large fish are calculated;
(2) When the bodies of two snakeheads are partially overlapped in the front view, the Yolact model still divides the front view, 2 pictures of the complete outline and the incomplete outline are divided, the ratio of the total length to the body width of the two snakeheads is calculated according to the two divided outlines, whether the calculated ratio of the total length to the body width of the snakeheads is abnormal or not is judged according to the range of the ratio of the total length to the body width of the normal snakeheads, if so, the outline division of the corresponding snakeheads is incomplete, and corresponding data are discarded.
The range of the ratio of the total length to the body width of the normal snakehead is obtained through statistics, and specifically comprises the following steps: counting the ratio of the total length to the body width of a plurality of snakeheads, and calculating the average valueThe average value is expanded to obtain the range of the ratio of the total length to the body width of the normal snakehead: />Wherein sigma 1 、σ 2 The expansion values of the lower limit and the upper limit, respectively.
Because only the front view is shielded by fish, the front view and the top view are combined, two fishes which are larger than each other can be distinguished, the whole length, the body width and the height of the fish which can completely divide the outline in the front view are calculated, and further, the sexual maturity stage corresponding to the abdomen body ratio is obtained according to the established sexual maturity judging model, and the final sexual maturity judging result is obtained.
Example 3:
the present embodiment discloses a system for implementing the method for judging sexual maturity of snakehead in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 6, comprising:
the measurement system 1 is used for acquiring a snakehead overlook video and a head-up video and comprises a fish tank 1 and two cameras Cam1 and Cam2 for respectively acquiring the snakehead overlook video and the head-up video;
the video image acquisition module 2 is used for acquiring images in the snakehead overlooking video and the head-up video according to the set frequency; in the embodiment, the frequency is set to be 1, namely images are collected for the overlook video and the front view video at intervals of 1 second at the same time; in the embodiment, a function in OpenCV is adopted to process video, and video frames are acquired according to a set sampling frequency.
A snakehead top view segmentation model 3 for segmenting snakeheads in top view;
a snakehead elevation division model 4 for dividing snakeheads in elevation;
the snakehead top view segmentation model and the snakehead front view segmentation model are both based on a YOLACT model;
the snakehead physical dimension parameter obtaining module 5 is configured to obtain snakehead physical dimension parameters according to the outer contour of snakehead in a top view and a front view, and includes:
the snakehead body length calculating module 5-1 is used for calculating the snakehead body length according to the whole snakehead length and the established linear relation between the snakehead body length and the whole snakehead length;
a snakehead sex judging model 5-2; the sex determination method is used for determining the sex of the snakeheads according to the snakeheads physical dimension parameters;
the snakehead belly circumference calculation module 5-3 is used for calculating the belly circumference length of the snakeheads;
the sexual maturity judging model 6 is used for judging sexual maturity according to the snakehead body size parameters;
the display module 7 is used for displaying the snakehead sexual maturity judging process and judging results according to user settings;
and the data storage module 8 is used for storing the snakehead sexual maturity judging process and judging results.
In this embodiment, two cameras Cam1 and Cam2 in the measurement system adopt fluorite cameras, and are connected to the internet through wifi, and after connection is successful, a login network can inquire corresponding equipment numbers, appkeys and secrets. The local device acquires an accessToken according to the appKey and the secret, and can be remotely connected with the camera through the accessToken to acquire a video picture of the camera. In fig. 6, cameras Cam1 and Cam2 acquire video streams, i.e. video data; the images are converted into images through a video image acquisition module, namely, the images are segmented by a Picture, snakehead top view segmentation module and a snakehead front view segmentation module, segmentation results Seg are obtained, a snakehead physical dimension parameter acquisition module 5 calculates physical dimension parameters Size Parm of the snakeheads according to the segmentation results, and a sexual Maturity judging model 6 judges the sexual Maturity quality of the snakeheads according to the physical dimension parameters Size Parm. The output of each module can be presented to the user through the display module, and the user can set and display or hide the output of a certain module; the display module can remotely display through a network.
The output of each module can also be stored in a data storage module, and a user can delete the stored data according to the need. In this embodiment, the data storage module is implemented using a Sqlite3 SQL database, and each snakehead is used as a record in the database. After data storage, a review can be made later.
Claims (9)
1. A method for judging the sexual maturity of snakehead, comprising the steps of:
step 1, collecting a plurality of snakehead top views and calibrating outer contours to form a first training set; training a Yolact model by adopting a first training set to obtain a snakehead top view segmentation model;
collecting a plurality of snakehead front views and calibrating the outer contour to form a second training set; training a Yolact model by adopting a second training set to obtain a snakehead elevation segmentation model;
step 2, establishing a discrimination model between the snakehead body size parameter and the sexual maturity by adopting a statistical analysis method; comprising the following steps:
step 2.1, measuring the belly ratio of female snakeheads and male snakeheads in the propagation period respectively, and judging the sexual maturity stage of the snakeheads by adopting a traditional method; the belly-to-body ratio is the ratio of the belly circumference to the body length of the snakehead;
step 2.2, performing one-way ANOVA test by using a data analysis tool to obtain critical points of the abdomen ratios of the female and male snakeheads at each stage of sexual maturity stage;
step 3, constructing a measuring system, wherein the measuring system comprises a fish tank and two cameras for respectively collecting front view and top view of the fish tank; calibrating the two cameras to obtain the conversion ratio of the pixel size to the real size;
step 4, collecting a top view and a front view of the snakehead by adopting a measuring system; obtaining the snakehead outer contour in the snakehead top view by adopting a snakehead top view segmentation model; obtaining the snakehead outer contour in the snakehead elevation by adopting a snakehead elevation segmentation model;
step 5, obtaining snakehead physical dimension parameters according to the outline of the snakehead in the top view and the front view; substituting the physical size parameters into a sexual maturity judging model to obtain a sexual maturity judging result of the measured snakehead.
2. The method for determining the sexual maturity of snakehead according to claim 1, wherein the calibrating of the camera in the measuring system in the step 3 comprises:
step 3.1A, placing a scale at the bottom of the fish tank, collecting a top view, and obtaining a conversion ratio of the pixel size of the top view to the real size according to the pixel size of the scale and the real size of the scale in the top view;
and 3.2A, placing a scale on the front of the fish tank, collecting a front view, and obtaining the conversion ratio of the front view pixel size to the real size according to the pixel size of the scale in the front view and the real size of the scale.
3. The method for determining the sexual maturity of snakehead according to claim 1, wherein the calibrating of the camera in the measuring system in the step 3 comprises:
step 3.1B, measuring the total length, the height and the width of the snakeheads; placing snakeheads into a fish tank of a measuring system, and collecting a top view and a front view of the snakeheads;
step 3.2B, dividing the top view and the front view acquired in the step 3.1B by adopting a snakehead top view dividing model and a snakehead front view dividing model to obtain the outer contour of the snakehead;
step 3.3.B, obtaining an external rectangle of the snakehead outline in the top view, and obtaining the conversion ratio of the pixel size and the real size in the horizontal and vertical coordinate directions in the top view according to the length and width pixel values of the rectangle and the measured value of the whole length and the body width of the snakehead;
and 3.4B, obtaining an external rectangle of the snakehead outline in the front view, and obtaining the conversion ratio of the pixel size in the horizontal and vertical coordinate directions to the real size in the front view according to the length and width pixel values of the rectangle and the measured value of the whole length and the height of the snakehead.
4. The method for judging the sexual maturity of snakehead according to claim 1, wherein the step 5 is preceded by the steps of:
collecting the body length and the full length of a plurality of snakeheads, and carrying out linear regression analysis by using a statistical analysis tool to establish a linear relationship between the body length and the full length of the snakeheads;
and establishing a judging model of the sex of the snakeheads and the physical dimension parameters of the snakeheads by adopting a statistical analysis method.
5. The method for determining the sexual maturity of snakehead according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the belly of snakehead in the step 5 is as follows:
calculating an estimated abdominal circumference A bd ：A bd ＝2πb+4(a-b)；
Wherein a is snakehead height H body 1/2 of b is the width W of the snakehead body body 1/2 of (C);
calculating a abdominal circumference correction value:
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the width of the outer contour of the snakehead in the plan view is equal to the width of the pixel body of the snakehead; the outer contour of the snakehead is externally connected with a rectangle in front view, the width of the snakehead pixel is higher, and the length of the snakehead pixel is longer;
and converting the pixel body width, the pixel body height and the pixel full length into the actual body width, the body height and the full length of the snakehead according to the calibration result of the camera.
7. A snakehead sexual maturity discrimination system, comprising:
the measurement system is used for acquiring a snakehead overlook video and a head-up video and comprises a fish tank and two cameras for respectively acquiring the snakehead overlook video and the head-up video;
the video image acquisition module is used for acquiring images in the snakehead overlooking video and the forward looking video according to the set frequency;
the snakehead top view segmentation model is used for segmenting snakeheads in the top view;
a snakehead elevation division model for dividing snakeheads in elevation;
the snakehead top view segmentation model and the snakehead front view segmentation model are both based on a YOLACT model;
the snakehead body size parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring snakehead body size parameters according to the outer outline of the snakehead in the top view and the front view;
the sexual maturity judging model is used for judging sexual maturity according to the snakehead body size parameters; measuring the belly ratio of female snakeheads and male snakeheads in the propagation period respectively, and judging the sexual maturity stage of the snakeheads by adopting a traditional method; the belly-to-body ratio is the ratio of the belly circumference to the body length of the snakehead; and (3) carrying out one-way ANOVA test by using a data analysis tool, and obtaining critical points of the abdomen ratios of the female and male snakeheads at each stage of sexual maturity stage.
8. The snakehead sexual maturity discrimination system of claim 7, further comprising:
the snakehead body length calculating module is used for calculating the snakehead body length according to the whole snakehead length and the established linear relation between the snakehead body length and the whole snakehead length;
a snakehead sex judging model; the sex determination method is used for determining the sex of the snakeheads according to the snakeheads physical dimension parameters;
and the snakehead belly circumference calculation module is used for calculating the belly circumference length of the snakeheads.
9. The snakehead sexual maturity discrimination system of claim 7, further comprising:
a display module and/or a data storage module;
the display module is used for displaying the judging process and the judging result of the sexual maturity of the snakeheads according to the user setting;
the data storage module is used for storing the judging process and the judging result of the sexual maturity of the snakeheads.
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