CN113238279B - Radiation device capable of generating single pulse gamma rays - Google Patents
Radiation device capable of generating single pulse gamma rays Download PDFInfo
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- CN113238279B CN113238279B CN202110504335.7A CN202110504335A CN113238279B CN 113238279 B CN113238279 B CN 113238279B CN 202110504335 A CN202110504335 A CN 202110504335A CN 113238279 B CN113238279 B CN 113238279B
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- radiation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
- G01T7/005—Details of radiation-measuring instruments calibration techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
- G01T7/12—Provision for actuation of an alarm
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a radiation device capable of generating monopulse gamma rays, which comprises: the lead shielding body of cuboid shape, be equipped with the pipe in the lead shielding body, the radiation source has been placed to the intraductal source end of storing up of pipe the deceleration buffer body has been placed to the other end of pipe, the pipe is in Chu Yuan end with gas transmission device is connected, gas transmission device with remove the air supply and be connected, be equipped with the ray outlet on the longer face of lead shielding body. The invention constructs the monopulse gamma rays which can generate pulse width, dose characteristic and the like and meet the requirements by applying motion characteristic to the radioactive source to form a monopulse gamma ray radiation field, thereby calibrating a measuring instrument for measuring the monopulse gamma rays.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radiation, in particular to a radiation device capable of generating monopulse gamma rays.
Background
There are a certain number of nuclear critical accident gamma radiation alarms in nuclear facilities such as nuclear power plants. Because of the characteristic of nuclear critical accidents, strong pulse gamma rays can be emitted in a very short time of the occurrence of the accidents, and large-dose acute irradiation is caused to workers. The nuclear critical accident gamma radiation alarm is a device for measuring large-dose gamma pulses, can alarm the gamma pulses of the nuclear critical accident, timely remind field personnel of evacuation, and take measures to prevent the critical accident from continuously happening. However, the performance evaluation of the instrument is not yet solved, and the invention designs an experimental device capable of generating single gamma pulse from the purpose of simulating the gamma pulse of the nuclear critical accident, and forms the gamma pulse with different pulse width and metering characteristics by adjusting various parameters of the device, so as to carry out accuracy analysis and performance evaluation on the gamma radiation alarm of the nuclear critical accident.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a radiation device capable of generating monopulse gamma rays, which is used for constructing monopulse gamma rays capable of generating pulse width, dose characteristic and the like to meet requirements by applying motion characteristic to a radiation source to form a monopulse gamma ray radiation field so as to calibrate a measuring instrument for measuring the monopulse gamma rays.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a radiation device capable of generating single pulse gamma rays, the radiation device comprising: the lead shielding body of cuboid shape, be equipped with the pipe in the lead shielding body, the radiation source has been placed to the intraductal source end of storing up of pipe the deceleration buffer body has been placed to the other end of pipe, the pipe is in Chu Yuan end with gas transmission device is connected, gas transmission device with remove the air supply and be connected, be equipped with the ray outlet on the longer face of lead shielding body.
Further, the radiation device as described above, further comprising a pressure measuring device for measuring the intensity of the air pressure in the air transmission device.
Further, in the radiation device as described above, the wall thickness of the conduit is set as thin as possible to reduce attenuation of the radiation source on the premise of satisfying the intensity of the air pressure in the air transmission device.
Further, the radiation device as described above, the pulse width of the required gamma pulse is calculated by the following formula:
T＝L/V
wherein T is the pulse width of the required gamma pulse, L is the size of the radiation outlet, and V is the movement speed of the radioactive source.
Further, in the radiation device described above, the pulse width of the required γ pulse is determined by the pulse width of the γ pulse generated by the simulated nuclear critical accident, and is in the range of 1ms to 1s.
Further, in the radiation device described above, the size of the radiation outlet is not changed once it is set, and the radiation outlet is in high agreement with the size of the radiation source.
Further, in the radiation device described above, the movement speed of the radiation source depends on the pulse width of the required gamma pulse for determining the power level of the gas transmission device, and the movement speed of the radiation source needs to be at least 10m/s.
Further, a radiation device as described above for calibration and performance testing of nuclear critical accident gamma radiation alarms, comprising:
calculating an activity of the radiation source based on a dose rate size of the required gamma pulses;
and determining the opening angle of the ray emission port on the basis of the size of the detection unit of the nuclear critical accident gamma radiation alarm under the premise of ensuring that the quality of a radiation field meets the requirement so as to ensure that the effective area of the radiation field can completely cover the detection unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention constructs the monopulse gamma rays which can generate pulse width, dose characteristic and the like and meet the requirements by applying motion characteristic to the radioactive source to form a monopulse gamma ray radiation field, thereby calibrating a measuring instrument for measuring the monopulse gamma rays.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation device capable of generating a single pulse gamma ray according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings: 1-mobile gas source, 2-gas transmission device, 3-pressure measuring device, 4-source end, 5-radioactive source, 6-lead shield, 7-conduit, 8-ray outlet and 9-speed buffer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects achieved by the invention more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radiation device capable of generating a single pulse gamma ray, including: the long-acting radiation source comprises a cuboid lead shield 6, a guide pipe 7 is arranged in the lead shield 6, a radiation source 5 is placed at a source storage end 4 in the guide pipe 7, a deceleration buffer 9 is placed at the other end of the guide pipe 7, the guide pipe 7 is connected with a gas transmission device 2 at the source storage end 4, the gas transmission device 2 is connected with a movable gas source 1, and a radiation outlet 8 is formed in the longer surface of the lead shield 6. The radiation device further comprises pressure measuring means 3 for measuring the intensity of the gas pressure in the gas transmission device 2.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the wall thickness of the conduit 7 is set as thin as possible on the premise of meeting the air pressure intensity in the air transmission device 2, so as to reduce the attenuation to the radiation source 5.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pulse width of the required gamma pulse can be obtained through the following formula:
T＝L/V
where T is the pulse width of the required gamma pulse, L is the size of the radiation exit 8, and V is the velocity of the radiation source 5. The pulse width of the required gamma pulse is determined by the pulse width of the gamma pulse generated by the simulated nuclear critical accident and ranges from 1ms to 1s. The size of the radiation exit opening 8, once set, does not change, and is in high agreement with the size of the radiation source 5. The movement speed of the radiation source 5 depends on the pulse width of the required gamma pulse for determining the power level of the gas transmission 2, the movement speed of the radiation source 5 being at least 10m/s.
In the embodiment of the invention, the gas in the movable gas source 1 is led into the guide pipe 7 through the gas transmission device 2 and acts on the radioactive source 5, so that the radioactive source 5 moves in the guide pipe 7 at a certain speed, and the generated gamma pulse is emitted from the ray outlet 8. At the same time, the air pressure intensity in the air transmission device 2 can be detected in real time through the pressure measuring device 3. In particular, the desired movement speed of the radiation source 5 may be determined based on the pulse width of the desired gamma pulse, and the desired movement speed of the radiation source 5 may be satisfied by adjusting the power level of the gas transmission device 2.
Specifically, the radiation device can be used for the calibration and performance test of a nuclear critical accident gamma radiation alarm, and comprises the following components: calculating the activity of the isotope radioactive source based on the dose rate of the required gamma pulses; based on the size of the detection unit of the gamma radiation alarm for nuclear critical accidents, the opening angle of the ray emission port is determined on the premise of ensuring that the quality of the radiation field meets the requirement, so that the effective area of the radiation field can completely cover the detection unit.
The radiation device provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes the generation of pulses by adopting the mode of the movement of the isotope radioactive source relative to the beam outlet, can be used for the calibration and performance test of the nuclear critical accident gamma radiation alarm instrument, and can also be applied to the performance evaluation work of other instrument equipment for single pulse X and gamma radiation measurement.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A radiation device capable of generating single pulse gamma rays, said radiation device comprising: the device comprises a cuboid lead shield body, wherein a guide pipe is arranged in the lead shield body, a radioactive source is placed at the inner source storage end of the guide pipe, a deceleration buffer body is placed at the other end of the guide pipe, the guide pipe is connected with a gas transmission device at the Chu Yuan end, the gas transmission device is connected with a movable gas source, and a radiation outlet is formed in the longer surface of the lead shield body; and the pressure measuring device is used for measuring the air pressure intensity in the air transmission device.
2. The radiation device defined in claim 1, wherein the pulse width of the desired gamma pulse is calculated by:
T＝L/V
wherein T is the pulse width of the required gamma pulse, L is the size of the radiation outlet, and V is the movement speed of the radioactive source.
3. The radiation device defined in claim 2, wherein the required pulse width of the gamma pulse is determined by the pulse width of the gamma pulse generated by the simulated nuclear critical event and is in the range of 1ms to 1s.
4. The radiation device defined in claim 2, wherein the radiation exit port is of a size which does not change once set, and is in high conformity with the size of the radiation source.
5. The radiation device defined in claim 2, wherein the movement speed of the radiation source is dependent on the pulse width of the required gamma pulse for determining the power level of the gas transmission device, the movement speed of the radiation source being required to be at least 10m/s.
6. The radiation device of claim 2, wherein the radiation device is used for calibration and performance testing of nuclear critical accident gamma radiation alarms, comprising:
calculating an activity of the radiation source based on a dose rate size of the required gamma pulses;
and determining the opening angle of the ray emission port on the basis of the size of the detection unit of the nuclear critical accident gamma radiation alarm under the premise of ensuring that the quality of a radiation field meets the requirement so as to ensure that the effective area of the radiation field can completely cover the detection unit.
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