CN113237057A - Cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching pulverized coal feeding mode and use method - Google Patents
Cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching pulverized coal feeding mode and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113237057A CN113237057A CN202110283929.XA CN202110283929A CN113237057A CN 113237057 A CN113237057 A CN 113237057A CN 202110283929 A CN202110283929 A CN 202110283929A CN 113237057 A CN113237057 A CN 113237057A
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- transition channel
- pulverized coal
- secondary air
- supply mechanism
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
- F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching pulverized coal feeding modes and a using method thereof. The combustor comprises a coal powder reverse supply mechanism, a coal powder forward supply mechanism, a transition channel inner sleeve, a transition channel outer sleeve, a secondary air duct and a stable combustion cavity; the secondary air duct and the stable combustion cavity are connected to form a burner body, the transition channel is sleeved outside the secondary air duct, the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism penetrates through the central axis in the burner body, and the transition channel is sleeved outside the inlet end of the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism; a secondary air channel is formed between the secondary air guide cylinder and the transition channel outer sleeve, and the transition channel inner sleeve is connected with the transition channel outer sleeve to form a closed transition channel. The reverse coal powder supply mechanism is replaced with the forward coal powder supply mechanism, so that the coal powder feeding mode is rapidly switched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pulverized coal burner, in particular to a cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching pulverized coal feeding modes and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of efficient clean utilization of coal.
Background
At present, in the field of pulverized coal industrial boilers, various combustors such as a bluff body combustor, a cyclone combustor, a reverse-injection combustor and the like appear, and the common point of the combustors is that a high-temperature backflow region is used as an ignition source to ignite pulverized coal airflow, so that the purpose of high-efficiency low-nitrogen combustion of pulverized coal is achieved. However, the mode of feeding pulverized coal into the combustor in a flowing mode is single, and the violent combustion process in the combustor is limited to small-amplitude adjustment of operation parameters, so that the phenomena of narrow load adjustment range and high requirements on combustible coal of a pulverized coal industrial boiler exist; and the inner structure of the combustor is surrounded by the high-temperature combustion process for a long time, so that the problems of obvious easy damage and replacement exist
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cyclone burner with a wide load adjustment range and a good coal adaptability for fast switching pulverized coal feeding modes; another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using the cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding manner.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding mode comprises a stable combustion cavity, a secondary air duct, a transition channel outer sleeve, a transition channel inner sleeve, a pulverized coal reverse supply mechanism and a pulverized coal forward supply mechanism; the stable combustion cavity and the secondary air duct are connected to form the appearance of the burner body, the transition channel is sleeved outside the secondary air duct, the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism penetrates through the central axis in the burner body, and the transition channel is sleeved outside the inlet end of the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism; the secondary air duct and the transition channel outer sleeve form a secondary air channel, the transition channel inner sleeve and the transition channel outer sleeve are connected to form a closed transition channel, and the coal powder reverse supply mechanism and the coal powder forward supply mechanism can be switched mutually, so that the coal powder feeding mode can be switched quickly.
The cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding mode is preferably provided with a cyclone assembly in the secondary air channel, and the cyclone assembly is used for enabling secondary air to form rotating airflow with tangential speed after passing through the cyclone assembly.
The cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding mode preferably comprises: and the axial rotational flow blades are arranged in the secondary air channel along the circumferential direction and are fixed in angle, and the axial rotational flow blades are in a double-helix shape and are welded on the transition channel outer sleeve and the secondary air guide cylinder.
Preferably, the transition channel outer sleeve adopts flange plate interfaces with different sizes at two ends, and is used for being connected with the transition channel inner sleeve.
Preferably, the transition channel inner sleeve adopts flange plate interfaces with different sizes at two ends, and the flange plate interfaces are welded with the coal powder reverse supply mechanism, and the size of the transition channel inner sleeve is consistent with that of the transition channel outer sleeve flange plate for connecting the transition channel inner sleeve and the transition channel outer sleeve flange plate.
In the cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding mode, preferably, the flange plates are of 4-hole structures uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and used for reinforcing the transition channel inner sleeve and the transition channel outer sleeve; the size of the flange plate is required to ensure that the coal powder reverse supply mechanism is convenient to install and disassemble;
the cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding mode preferably comprises: the primary air-powder pipe is used for conveying coal powder; the backflow cap is connected with the primary air-powder pipe through a fixing piece to force the pulverized coal to reversely enter the combustor; the fixing piece is circumferentially and uniformly distributed outside the primary air powder pipe and connected with the backflow cap.
The swirl burner capable of rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding mode is characterized in that preferably, the pulverized coal forward supply mechanism is a primary air-powder pipe with the length consistent with that of the transition passage outer sleeve, so that pulverized coal can enter the stable combustion cavity in the forward direction at the same section of the secondary air passage.
In the cyclone burner for rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding mode, preferably, the outer sleeve of the transition channel is connected with the inner sleeve of the transition channel to form a transition channel, and an igniter and/or a flame detector are/is arranged in the transition channel; the transition channel is a cylindrical blunt body, the widest diameter of the transition channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the secondary air guide duct, and the narrowest diameter of the transition channel is larger than the largest diameter of the igniter and/or the flame detector.
The invention provides a use method of the cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding mode, which comprises the following steps:
1) all the air enters the burner body, the secondary air in rotation with tangential speed is formed behind the secondary air channel and directly enters the combustion stabilizing cavity (7), and the secondary air channel, the transition channel inner sleeve (3) and the transition channel outer sleeve (4) jointly act to form an embedded high-temperature backflow area;
2) meanwhile, pulverized coal airflow enters a high-temperature backflow region for pyrolysis through a backflow passage formed by the air and powder pipe (11) and the backflow cap (12), and is mixed with secondary air at the closed ends of the transition passage inner sleeve (3) and the transition passage outer sleeve (4) to form main flame, and the pulverized coal airflow is convoluted and incinerated in the combustor body.
In the using method, preferably, the rotational flow number of the rotational air flow generated by the cyclone is controlled within the range of 0-2, and the wind speed of the secondary wind is controlled within the range of 20-50 m/s.
Preferably, in the step 3), the outer sleeve of the transition passage and the large and small flanges of the inner sleeve are used in combination, so that the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism and the pulverized coal supply mechanism are replaced quickly after the pulverized coal industrial boiler is stopped, and the pulverized coal feeding mode is changed.
The method of use may further comprise: and 2) stopping the furnace of the pulverized coal industrial boiler, disassembling the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism and the inner sleeve of the transition channel, replacing the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism and the inner sleeve of the transition channel with the forward pulverized coal supply mechanism and the inner sleeve of the transition channel, enabling the pulverized coal to enter the transition channel and form a nested backflow area in a swirling flow mode in a forward direction, enabling the pulverized coal to be in concentration distribution with thick inside and thin outside, quickly heating to the temperature of over 1200 ℃ to form stable flame, and then burning the pulverized coal in the combustor body in a forward mode along with the rotation of airflow.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the transition passage outer sleeve and the transition passage inner sleeve are arranged, so that the transition passage is changed into two parts connected by flange discs with different sizes, a primary air powder pipe is easy to replace after blowing out, the transition passage is prevented from being cut and welded, the transition passage outer sleeve is not disassembled, the phenomenon that the secondary air passage is not uniform in circumferential direction after being installed again is avoided, the combustion process in a stable combustion chamber is further influenced, the flange discs are arranged in a large mode and a small mode, the problem that the secondary air passage cannot be taken out after being disassembled due to the fact that the flange discs are erected after being disassembled is avoided, and the site disassembling and assembling period is greatly shortened.
2. The invention can also choose to change the air powder feeding mode when changing the air powder pipe once, make the coal dust in the steady burning cavity burn the course violently and change by a wide margin, further widen the load regulation range of the industrial furnace of coal dust, and the change of the combustion process means the further expansion of the coal type adaptability, no matter whether the high volatile component bituminous coal or low volatile component bituminous coal can be realized and applied, obviously increase the industrial application range, and after the air powder feeding mode is changed, the mixed combustion course of the coal dust and air current is changed, cause the violent combustion area to change, tend to the steady burning cavity inner central axis nearby positively, have obvious distance with the steady burning cavity wall, further the high temperature of the steady burning cavity of the wall corrodes and the ash deposition slagging phenomenon.
3. The design of 4-hole flange plate connection of the transition passage adopted by the invention not only can keep the reflux effect of the cylindrical bluff body, provide sufficient ignition heat of the coal powder, strengthen the air-powder mixing and ensure the ignition and burnout process of the coal powder, but also the distance between the holes can not influence the built-in ignition oil gun and the igniter, thereby avoiding adding ignition equipment
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cyclone burner for rapidly switching the feeding direction of pulverized coal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a transition passage assembly of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Also in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the cyclone burner for pulverized coal in different feeding modes provided by the invention comprises a pulverized coal reverse supply mechanism 1, a pulverized coal forward supply structure 2, a transition channel inner sleeve 3, a transition channel outer sleeve 4, a secondary air guide duct 5, a cyclone 6 and a stable combustion cavity 7. The secondary air duct 5 and the stable combustion cavity 7 are connected to form a burner body, the transition channel outer sleeve 4 is arranged inside the secondary air duct 5, the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism 1 penetrates through the central axis inside the burner body, and the transition channel inner sleeve 3 is arranged outside the inlet end of the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism 1; a secondary air channel is formed between the secondary air duct 5 and the transition channel outer sleeve 4, and the transition channel inner sleeve 3 is connected with the transition channel outer sleeve 4 to form a closed transition channel. The coal powder reverse supply mechanism 1 is replaced with a coal powder forward supply mechanism.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a swirler assembly 6 is arranged in the overfire air channel for forming a swirling air flow having a tangential velocity after the overfire air passes through the swirler assembly.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the swirler 6 assembly includes: and the axial rotational flow blades are arranged in the secondary air channel along the circumferential direction and are fixed in angle, and the axial rotational flow blades are in a double-helix shape and are welded on the transition channel outer sleeve and the secondary air guide cylinder.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, it is preferable that the outer sleeve 4 of the transition passage adopts flanges with different sizes at two ends of the large flange interface 41 and the small flange interface 42 for connecting with the inner sleeve 3 of the transition passage.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the transition passage inner sleeve is welded with the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism 1 or the forward pulverized coal supply mechanism 2 by using flanges with different sizes at two ends of the small flange interface 31 and the small flange interface 32, wherein the flange interfaces 31 and 41 are connected, and the flange interfaces 32 and 42 are connected and fixed by bolts and nuts.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the flanges 31, 32, 41, 42 all adopt a structure with 4 holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction for reinforcing the inner transition channel sleeve 3 and the outer transition channel sleeve 4; the outer diameter of the flange plate 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of 42, so that the pulverized coal supply mechanism is convenient to extract after being disassembled;
in the above embodiment, preferably, the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism 1 includes: the primary air-powder pipe is used for conveying coal powder; the backflow cap is connected with the primary air-powder pipe through a fixing piece to force the pulverized coal to reversely enter the combustor; the fixing piece is uniformly distributed on the outer part of the primary air powder pipe in the circumferential direction and is connected with the backflow cap.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the pulverized coal forward supply mechanism 2 is a primary air-pulverized coal pipe with the length consistent with that of the transition passage jacket 4, so that pulverized coal enters the stable combustion cavity in the same cross section of the secondary air passage in the forward direction.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the transition channel outer sleeve 4 is connected with the transition channel inner sleeve 3 to form a transition channel, and an igniter and/or a flame detector are/is installed in the transition channel; the transition channel is a cylindrical blunt body, the widest diameter of the transition channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the secondary air duct, and the narrowest diameter of the transition channel is larger than the largest diameter of the igniter and/or the flame detector.
In the above embodiment, preferably, a plurality of through holes (not shown) may be formed in the combustion stabilizing cavity 7 to avoid deformation caused by overheating of the combustion stabilizing cavity 7 due to unexpected factors.
Based on the pulverized coal different feeding mode cyclone burner provided by the embodiment, the invention also provides a cyclone burner using method for rapidly switching pulverized coal feeding modes, which comprises the following steps:
1) all the air enters the secondary air channel, and forms rotary secondary air with tangential speed after passing through the swirler 6 and directly enters the combustion stabilizing cavity 7, and the blunt body action of the small flange 42 outside the transition channel and the large flange 32 inside the transition channel and the downstream backflow of the swirl secondary air act together to form an embedded high-temperature backflow area;
2) meanwhile, a reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism 1 is adopted, pulverized coal airflow enters a high-temperature backflow region through a reverse backflow channel formed by a pulverized coal air pipe and a backflow cap, pulverized coal is in thick-outside and thin-inside concentration distribution, the pulverized coal is preheated to 900-1000 ℃ through the high-temperature backflow region, the pulverized coal is pyrolyzed in the low-oxygen and hot high-temperature backflow region, and is mixed with secondary air at the closed end of an inner sleeve 32 of the transition channel to form main flame, and the pulverized coal airflow is convoluted and burned in a combustor body; (ii) a
3) The pulverized coal industrial boiler is shut down, the pulverized coal reverse supply mechanism 1 and the transition channel inner sleeve 3 are disassembled and replaced by the pulverized coal forward supply mechanism 2 and the transition channel inner sleeve 3, at the moment, the pulverized coal enters the transition channel in a forward direction and forms a nested backflow area through rotational flow, the pulverized coal is distributed in concentration with thick inside and thin outside, the temperature is rapidly increased to over 1200 ℃ to form stable flame, and then the pulverized coal is burnt in the combustor body in a forward rotating mode along with airflow. .
In the using method, preferably, the rotational flow number of the rotational air flow generated by the cyclone 6 is controlled within the range of 0-2, and the wind speed of the secondary air is controlled within the range of 20-50 m/s.
The using method preferably combines the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 3 with the large and small flange plates for use, so that the coal powder supply mechanism 1 and the coal powder supply mechanism 2 are quickly replaced after the coal powder industrial boiler is stopped, the coal powder feeding mode is changed, the violent combustion process of the coal powder in the stable combustion cavity is greatly changed, and the load adjusting range and the coal type applicability of the coal powder industrial boiler are further widened.
In the using method, the transition passage outer sleeve 4 is preferably not disassembled, so that the phenomenon of nonuniform circumferential direction of the secondary air passage after being re-installed is avoided,
the use method preferably adopts the design that the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 3 of the transition passage are connected by 4-hole flange plates, so that the backflow effect of a cylindrical bluff body can be kept, sufficient coal powder ignition heat is provided, the air-powder mixing is enhanced, the coal powder ignition and burnout processes are ensured, the distance between the holes cannot influence the built-in ignition oil gun and the built-in ignition device, and the newly-added ignition device is avoided.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the wind speed of the secondary wind should be controlled within the range of 20-50 m/s.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are used only for the convenience of distinguishing the components, and if not otherwise stated, the terms have no special meaning, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (8)
1. A cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching a pulverized coal feeding mode comprises a pulverized coal reverse supply mechanism (1), a pulverized coal forward supply structure (2), a transition channel inner sleeve (3), a transition channel outer sleeve (4), a secondary air guide duct (5), a cyclone (6) and a stable combustion cavity (7);
the secondary air duct (5) and the combustion stabilizing cavity (7) are connected to form a burner body;
the transition passage outer sleeve (4) is arranged inside the secondary air guide duct (5);
the reverse pulverized coal supply mechanism (1) penetrates through the central axis in the burner body;
the transition channel inner sleeve (3) is arranged outside the inlet end of the pulverized coal reverse supply mechanism (1);
a secondary air channel is formed between the secondary air guide duct (5) and the transition channel outer sleeve (4); the transition channel inner sleeve (3) is connected with the transition channel outer sleeve (4) to form a closed transition channel; the coal dust forward supply mechanism (2) and the coal dust reverse supply mechanism (1) are replaced.
2. The pulverized coal different feeding mode cyclone burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: a swirler (6) is arranged in the secondary air channel; the cyclone (6) can enable secondary air to form a rotating airflow with a tangential speed after passing through the cyclone (6).
3. The pulverized coal different feeding mode cyclone burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the transition channel comprises transition channel endotheca (3) and transition channel overcoat (4), includes:
the small flange (31) of the transition channel inner sleeve (3) is welded on the coal powder reverse supply structure (1) or the coal powder forward supply mechanism (2), 4 holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the outer diameter of the flange is smaller than the inner diameter of the transition channel outer sleeve small flange (42);
the large flange plate (32) of the transition channel inner sleeve (3) is welded on the coal dust reverse supply structure (1) or the coal dust forward supply mechanism (2), and 4 holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the outer sleeve of the transition channel is provided with a large flange plate (41) which is uniformly provided with 4 holes along the circumferential direction, and the inner diameter of the flange plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve of the small flange plate (31) of the transition channel;
the transition passage is sleeved with small flange plates (42) which are uniformly distributed with 4 holes along the circumferential direction, and the inner diameter of each flange plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the large flange plate (41) sleeved in the transition passage.
4. The pulverized coal different feeding mode cyclone burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the secondary air guide duct (5) is connected through a plurality of movable positioning assemblies distributed along the circumferential direction.
5. The cyclone burner for rapidly switching a pulverized coal feeding manner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the coal powder reverse supply mechanism (1) consists of a wind powder pipe (11) and a backflow cap (12);
the air powder pipe (11) is arranged on the central axis of the burner body, the backflow cap (12) is arranged at the outlet end of the air powder pipe (11) and is positioned at the outlet section of the stable combustion cavity (7), and a plurality of through holes are formed in the stable combustion cavity (7).
6. A method of using the cyclone burner for rapidly switching the pulverized coal feeding manner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
1) one path of air completely enters the burner body, the secondary air in rotation with tangential speed is formed behind the secondary air channel and directly enters the combustion stabilizing cavity (7), and the secondary air channel, the transition channel inner sleeve (3) and the transition channel outer sleeve (4) jointly act to form an embedded high-temperature backflow area;
2) meanwhile, pulverized coal airflow enters a high-temperature backflow area for pyrolysis through a backflow channel formed by the air and powder pipe (11) and the backflow cap (12), and is mixed with secondary air at the closed ends of the inner sleeve (3) and the outer sleeve (4) of the transition channel to form main flame, and the pulverized coal airflow is convoluted and incinerated in the combustor body.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the cyclone number of the rotational flow generated by the cyclone (6) is 0-2;
the wind speed of the secondary wind is 20-50 m/s.
8. Use according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: in the step 2), the high-temperature reflux zone is preheated to 900-1000 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110283929.XA CN113237057B (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2021-03-17 | Cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching pulverized coal feeding mode and use method |
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| CN202110283929.XA CN113237057B (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2021-03-17 | Cyclone burner capable of rapidly switching pulverized coal feeding mode and use method |
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| CN113237057A true CN113237057A (en) | 2021-08-10 |
| CN113237057B CN113237057B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116379426A (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-07-04 | 佛山仙湖实验室 | Reverse jet ammonia burner |
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| CN113237057B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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