CN113236488B - Variable pitch control method, system and equipment based on generator rotation speed margin - Google Patents
Variable pitch control method, system and equipment based on generator rotation speed margin Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0276—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling rotor speed, e.g. variable speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable-pitch control method, a variable-pitch control system and variable-pitch control equipment based on a rotating speed margin of a generator, which belong to the field of wind power generation. The invention innovatively adopts a mode of the rotating speed allowance of the generator, considers the power change condition under different wind conditions and quickly adjusts the pitch angle of the unit. The control effect deviation caused by the fact that only the rotating speed of the generator is detected and the power randomness of the wind generating set under different wind conditions is not considered in the traditional mode is overcome, so that the power control characteristics under different wind conditions are fully considered, and the mechanical and electrical loads of the wind generating set are prevented from being violently changed to the greatest extent under the condition that the wind speed of the wind generating set changes rapidly for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wind power generation, and relates to a variable pitch control method, a variable pitch control system and variable pitch control equipment based on a generator rotating speed margin.
Background
The wind wheel of the horizontal shaft wind driven generator absorbs wind energy to rotate, and then drives the connected generator to rotate to generate electricity. When the wind speed is higher than the rated wind speed, the wind generating set controls the variable pitch angle to enable the rotating speed of the generator to reach a set target value, and the task of controlling the rotating speed is completed. Due to the randomness of wind variation, the wind speed and the wind direction of the wind power generator change in real time. The rotating speed of the wind generating set also changes in real time along with the change of the wind speed, so that the rotating speed of the wind generating set is controlled by changing the pitch to maintain the rated power of the generating set, and the important role of avoiding the overload of the wind generating set is played.
The existing technical scheme aiming at the problem comprises the following steps: and detecting the current rotating speed of the generator, comparing the current rotating speed with the set rated rotating speed of the generator, and taking the difference value as the input of the rotating speed-variable pitch control loop. And a proportional-integral-derivative controller (PID) of a classical control theory is introduced, a corresponding variable pitch position instruction is calculated and transmitted to a variable pitch executing mechanism to be executed, and the rotating speed of the generator is maintained at the rated rotating speed by controlling the absorption and release of wind energy. However, only the detected generator rotation speed is used as a control input, and no matter the control is carried out by constant torque and constant power, the power of the generator is rapidly increased or decreased due to rapid change of wind speed, and the side current value of the generator is rapidly increased or decreased, so that the instant load of the whole machine is changed after the situation occurs for a long time, and certain impact is caused to an electric transmission chain of the whole machine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, the instantaneous load of the whole machine is changed only by using the detected rotating speed of the generator as a control input, and certain impact is caused on an electric transmission chain of the whole machine, and provides a variable pitch control method, a variable pitch control system and variable pitch control equipment based on the rotating speed allowance of the generator.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a variable pitch control method based on a generator speed margin of a wind generating set comprises the following steps:
step 1) respectively acquiring the rotating speed and the power of a real-time generator;
step 2) respectively acquiring a rated power value, a rated torque value and a rated rotating speed of the generator;
step 3) obtaining a generator speed allowance based on the real-time generator power, the generator rated power value and the rated torque value;
step 4), obtaining a real-time rotating speed-variable pitch control ring input rotating speed based on the real-time rotating speed of the generator and the rotating speed allowance of the generator;
and 5) calculating to obtain a current variable pitch instruction based on the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed and the rated rotating speed of the variable pitch control ring, and executing variable pitch action.
Preferably, the real-time generator speed is obtained by low-pass filtering the current generator speed;
the real-time generator power is obtained by low-pass filtering the current generator power.
Preferably, in step 3), the specific calculation process of the generator rotation speed margin is as follows:
the power of the real-time generator is differed from the rated power of the generator to obtain a power difference value;
and dividing the power difference value by the rated torque of the generator to obtain the current rotating speed allowance of the generator.
Preferably, in the step 4), the real-time rotating speed-variable pitch control ring inputs the sum of the rotating speed of the real-time rotating speed generator and the current allowance of the rotating speed of the generator.
Preferably, in step 5), the process of acquiring the current pitch instruction is as follows: and obtaining the current generator rotation speed difference based on the generator rated rotation speed and the current rotation speed-the input rotation speed of the variable pitch control ring, and calculating to obtain the current variable pitch instruction based on the current generator rotation speed difference.
Preferably, in step 5), the calculation is performed by a PI control method or a PID control method.
A variable pitch control system based on a generator speed margin of a wind generating set comprises:
the data measuring unit is used for acquiring a rated power value, a rated torque value, a rated rotating speed, a real-time rotating speed of the generator and the power of the real-time generator;
the data processing unit is interacted with the data measuring unit and calculates based on the data obtained by the data obtaining unit to obtain the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed of the variable pitch control ring;
and the instruction acquisition and execution unit is respectively interacted with the data processing unit and the data measurement unit, obtains a current pitch-changing instruction based on the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed and the rated rotating speed of the pitch-changing control ring, and executes the pitch-changing action based on the current pitch-changing instruction.
Preferably, the data measurement unit comprises a filtering module, and the filtering module is used for respectively filtering the current generator rotating speed and the current generator power to obtain the real-time generator rotating speed and the real-time generator power.
Preferably, the instruction acquisition execution unit comprises a controller and a pitch execution module,
the controller is used for receiving the real-time rotating speed-variable pitch control ring input rotating speed and the rated rotating speed, and then carrying out rotating speed-variable pitch proportional integral differential processing to obtain a variable pitch instruction;
and the pitch variation execution module is used for receiving the pitch variation instruction and executing the pitch variation action according to the pitch variation instruction.
An electronic terminal device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the pitch control method when executing the computer program.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a variable pitch control method based on a generator rotating speed margin of a wind generating set, which considers the rotating speed margin in the control input of a rotating speed-variable pitch control ring and the fluctuation randomness of the power of the wind generating set under different wind conditions, avoids the power control stability of the set under different wind conditions to the maximum extent and improves the operation safety of mechanical and electrical transmission chains of the set under different wind conditions. The invention innovatively adopts a mode of the rotating speed allowance of the generator, considers the power change condition under different wind conditions and quickly adjusts the pitch angle of the unit. The control effect deviation caused by the fact that only the rotating speed of the generator is detected and the power randomness of the wind generating set under different wind conditions is not considered in the traditional mode is overcome, so that the power control characteristics under different wind conditions are fully considered, and the mechanical and electrical loads of the wind generating set are prevented from being violently changed to the greatest extent under the condition that the wind speed of the wind generating set changes rapidly for a long time.
Furthermore, the method for measuring the rotating speed of the generator is not suitable for using the original signal due to the measuring device or the estimation algorithm and the like, and the filtering processing is needed, so that the influence of unnecessary measurement interference signals on the control effect is avoided.
The invention adopts a mode of increasing and decreasing the rotating speed margin of the generator as the input of the controller, but is not limited to the mode, and other modes such as a margin coefficient and the like. The original signal is not suitable for measuring the power of the generator due to the measuring device or the estimation algorithm and the like, and the filtering processing is needed, so that the influence of unnecessary measuring interference signals on the control effect is avoided.
Further, the present invention uses a constant rated torque, but is not limited to this manner, and other manners such as real-time detection of the generator torque, etc.
Further, the speed-torque control adopts a PI control mode in the classical control theory, but is not limited to the PI control mode, and other modes such as PID control and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pitch control method based on a generator speed margin according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a generator speed margin based pitch control system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic terminal device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 101-memory, 102-processor, 103-interface, 104-communication component, 105-electronic terminal equipment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-described drawings, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1
A variable pitch control method based on a generator speed margin of a wind generating set comprises the following steps:
step 1) respectively acquiring the rotating speed and the power of a real-time generator;
step 2) respectively acquiring a rated power value, a rated torque value and a rated rotating speed of the generator;
step 3) obtaining a generator speed allowance based on the real-time generator power, the generator rated power value and the rated torque value;
step 4), obtaining a real-time rotating speed-variable pitch control ring input rotating speed based on the real-time rotating speed of the generator and the rotating speed allowance of the generator;
and 5) calculating to obtain a current variable pitch instruction based on the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed and the rated rotating speed of the variable pitch control ring, and executing variable pitch action.
Example 2
A variable pitch control method based on a generator speed margin of a wind generating set is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1) detecting the current rotating speed omega of the generator and transmitting a measuring signal to the master control PLC.
And 2) because of the measurement mode, the signal conversion, the estimation method and the like of the generator rotating speed measurement device, the directly obtained generator rotating speed measurement signal has interference components and is not suitable for directly participating in a control algorithm.
And 3) performing low-pass processing on the currently measured rotating speed to obtain the currently filtered rotating speed lpf _ omega of the generator.
And 4) detecting the current power Pc of the generator and transmitting a measurement signal to the master control PLC.
And step 5) because of the measuring mode, the signal conversion, the estimation method and the like of the generator power measuring device, the directly obtained generator rotating speed measuring signal has interference components and is not suitable for directly participating in a control algorithm.
And 6) carrying out low-pass processing on the currently measured power to obtain the currently filtered generator power lpf _ Pc.
And 7) acquiring the rated power value Prated of the generator.
And 8) obtaining a difference value deltaP by subtracting the current filtered generator power lpf _ Pc from the rated power Prated of the generator.
And 9) acquiring a rated torque value trained of the generator.
And step 10) dividing deltaP and the rated torque value of the generator by the rated torque value of the generator to obtain the current rotation speed margin omega _ margin of the generator.
And 11) adding the filtered generator rotating speed lpf _ omega obtained in the step 3) and the current generator rotating speed margin omega _ margin to obtain the current rotating speed-variable-pitch control ring input rotating speed omega _ in.
Step 12) obtaining the rated rotating speed omega _ rated of the generator.
And step 13) obtaining the current generator rotating speed difference omega _ error by making the difference between the current rotating speed-variable pitch control ring input rotating speed omega _ in and the generator rated rotating speed omega _ rated.
And step 14) taking the current generator rotating speed difference omega _ error of the step 11) as a control input to participate in the calculation of the rotating speed-variable pitch proportional-integral-derivative controller.
And step 15) calculating to obtain a current Pitch demand instruction Pitch _ demand.
And step 16) transmitting the Pitch demand instruction Pitch _ demand to a Pitch executing mechanism to execute Pitch action.
The principle of the method of the invention is as follows:
the generator rotation speed omega is detected in the current detection period, and due to the fact that a measuring device or an estimation algorithm and the like are not suitable for using original signals, filtering processing needs to be carried out on the original signals, and the filtered generator rotation speed lpf _ omega is obtained. In the current detection period, the generator power Pc is detected, and due to the fact that an original signal is not suitable for being used by a measuring device or an estimation algorithm and the like, filtering processing needs to be carried out on the original signal, so that the filtered generator rotating speed lpf _ Pc is obtained. And obtaining the rated power Prated of the generator, and making a difference to obtain a power difference deltaP. And obtaining the rated torque tracked of the generator, and dividing the rated torque tracked by the power difference deltaP to obtain the current rotating speed margin omega _ margin of the generator. And adding the rotation speed and the filtered generator rotation speed lpf _ omega to obtain a rotation speed-variable pitch control ring input rotation speed omega _ in. And obtaining the rated rotating speed omega _ rated of the generator, and subtracting the rated rotating speed omega _ rated from the rated rotating speed omega _ in to obtain a rotating speed difference omega _ error. The rotation speed difference is used as control input and participates in a rotation speed difference-variable Pitch proportional-integral-derivative controller, and a variable Pitch demand instruction Pitch _ demand is calculated. The wind energy is transmitted to a variable pitch actuating mechanism to execute a variable pitch instruction, and the rotating speed and the power of the generator are maintained at rated values by absorbing and releasing wind energy.
Example 3
A variable pitch control system based on a generator speed margin of a wind generating set is shown in FIG. 2 and comprises:
the data measuring unit is used for acquiring a rated power value, a rated torque value, a rated rotating speed, a real-time rotating speed of the generator and the power of the real-time generator;
the data processing unit is interacted with the data measuring unit and calculates based on the data obtained by the data obtaining unit to obtain the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed of the variable pitch control ring;
and the instruction acquisition and execution unit is respectively interacted with the data processing unit and the data measurement unit, obtains a current pitch-changing instruction based on the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed and the rated rotating speed of the pitch-changing control ring, and executes the pitch-changing action based on the current pitch-changing instruction.
Example 4
The contents are the same as those of example 3 except for the following.
As shown in fig. 2, the data measurement unit includes a filtering module, and the filtering module performs filtering processing on the current generator speed and the current generator power respectively to obtain the real-time generator speed and the real-time generator power.
The instruction acquisition execution unit comprises a controller and a variable pitch execution module, wherein the controller is used for receiving the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed and the rated rotating speed of the variable pitch control ring, and then carrying out rotating speed-variable pitch proportional integral derivative processing to obtain a variable pitch instruction; and the pitch variation execution module is used for receiving the pitch variation instruction and executing the pitch variation action according to the pitch variation instruction.
Example 5
The invention further provides an electronic terminal device 105, as shown in fig. 3, comprising a memory 101, a processor 102 and a computer program stored in the memory 101 and executable on the processor 102, wherein the processor 102 implements the steps of the method when executing the computer program. The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable gate array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The communication component 104 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic terminal device 105 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, bluetooth, Near field communication (NFC for short), 2G, 3G, 4G or 5G, or a combination of one or more of them, so that the corresponding communication component 104 may include: Wi-Fi module, bluetooth module, NFC module.
It should be noted that, the control objective of the speed-pitch control system is to keep the generator speed constant and control the pitch accordingly, but the invention is not limited to this, and other modes such as the speed-torque control loop can also control the torque accordingly to keep the generator speed constant.
To sum up, in the prior art, only the generator speed detected in real time is used as the control input, and only the control of the generator speed at the rated speed is used as the control target, and the power control effect is not considered yet. The invention fully considers the important control target of maintaining rated power by setting the rotating speed allowance of the wind driven generator, thereby completing the rotating speed control of the generator set under different wind speed change conditions, and rapidly adjusting the generator set to reduce the mechanical and electrical transmission chain impact caused by sudden wind condition change. The method replaces the existing control scheme, so that the variable pitch instruction is further modified by considering the change of the rotating speed at the input end of the rotating speed-variable pitch control ring, and the mechanical and electrical loads of the unit are prevented from being violently changed under the condition of long-term rapid change of the wind speed.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A variable pitch control method based on a generator speed margin of a wind generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1) respectively acquiring the rotating speed and the power of a real-time generator;
step 2) respectively acquiring a rated power value, a rated torque value and a rated rotating speed of the generator;
step 3) obtaining a generator speed allowance based on the real-time generator power, the generator rated power value and the rated torque value;
the power of the real-time generator is differed from the rated power of the generator to obtain a power difference value;
dividing the power difference value by the rated torque of the generator to obtain the current rotating speed allowance of the generator;
step 4), obtaining a real-time rotating speed-variable pitch control ring input rotating speed based on the real-time rotating speed of the generator and the rotating speed allowance of the generator;
the real-time rotating speed-variable pitch control ring input rotating speed is the sum of the real-time generator rotating speed and the current generator rotating speed allowance;
and 5) calculating to obtain a current variable pitch instruction based on the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed and the rated rotating speed of the variable pitch control ring, and executing variable pitch action.
2. The wind turbine generator system generator speed margin-based pitch control method according to claim 1, wherein the real-time generator speed is obtained by low-pass filtering a current generator speed;
the real-time generator power is obtained by low-pass filtering the current generator power.
3. The wind generating set generator speed margin-based pitch control method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5), the current pitch instruction is obtained by the following steps: and obtaining the current generator rotation speed difference based on the generator rated rotation speed and the current rotation speed-the input rotation speed of the variable pitch control ring, and calculating to obtain the current variable pitch instruction based on the current generator rotation speed difference.
4. The wind generating set generator speed margin-based pitch control method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the calculation is performed by a PI control method or a PID control method.
5. A pitch control system for a wind turbine generator system generator speed margin based on the method of claim 1, comprising:
the data measuring unit is used for acquiring a rated power value, a rated torque value, a rated rotating speed, a real-time rotating speed of the generator and the power of the real-time generator;
the data processing unit is interacted with the data measuring unit and calculates based on the data obtained by the data obtaining unit to obtain the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed of the variable pitch control ring;
and the instruction acquisition and execution unit is respectively interacted with the data processing unit and the data measurement unit, obtains a current pitch-changing instruction based on the real-time rotating speed-the input rotating speed and the rated rotating speed of the pitch-changing control ring, and executes the pitch-changing action based on the current pitch-changing instruction.
6. The wind generating set generator speed margin-based pitch control system according to claim 5, wherein the data measuring unit comprises a filtering module, and the filtering module is used for filtering the current generator speed and the current generator power respectively to obtain the real-time generator speed and the real-time generator power.
7. The wind generating set generator speed margin-based pitch control system of claim 5, wherein the instruction acquisition execution unit comprises a controller and a pitch execution module,
the controller is used for receiving the real-time rotating speed-variable pitch control ring input rotating speed and the rated rotating speed, and then carrying out rotating speed-variable pitch proportional integral differential processing to obtain a variable pitch instruction;
and the pitch variation execution module is used for receiving the pitch variation instruction and executing the pitch variation action according to the pitch variation instruction.
8. An electronic terminal device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the pitch control method according to any of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
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