CN113236183A - Throttle valve automatic control device and well bottom pressure regulating system under drilling working condition - Google Patents
Throttle valve automatic control device and well bottom pressure regulating system under drilling working condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN113236183A CN113236183A CN202110692168.3A CN202110692168A CN113236183A CN 113236183 A CN113236183 A CN 113236183A CN 202110692168 A CN202110692168 A CN 202110692168A CN 113236183 A CN113236183 A CN 113236183A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/16—Control means therefor being outside the borehole
Abstract
The application provides a throttle valve automatic control device and a well bottom pressure regulating system under a drilling working condition, wherein the device comprises a signal error calculator, an actuator, a hydraulic cylinder and a displacement sensor; the displacement sensor measures the displacement change of the throttle valve and generates a first displacement signal based on the displacement change; the first input end of the signal error calculator is connected with the displacement sensor and used for receiving a first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor, the second input end of the signal error calculator is connected with a control system of a drilling site and used for receiving a second displacement signal sent by the control system, and the signal error calculator is used for carrying out error analysis on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal to generate an error signal; the actuator is connected with the output end of the signal error calculator, receives the error signal, responds to the error signal to drive the piston rod execution structure in the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate, and then drives the throttle valve to reciprocate. The device can automatically control the opening of the throttle valve based on the underground abnormal signal, and is high in control precision.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to a throttle valve automatic control device and a well bottom pressure regulating system under a drilling working condition.
Background
With the continuous development of society, the demand for oil and gas resources is increasing day by day, and the oil and gas exploration and development strength needs to be increased urgently. With the continuous exploitation of high-quality oil and gas resources in shallow strata, deepwater oil and gas will be an important take-over area for oil and gas exploration and development. But the stratum environment of the deep water area is complex, and the shallow layer has the characteristics of weak cementation, easy collapse, high pore pressure, low fracture pressure and the like. Particularly, the high-temperature and high-pressure stratum of more than 75% of areas of the warrior basin in the north of the south sea have the formation pressure coefficient of nearly 2.3 and narrow pressure window, and are easy to cause the occurrence of complicated conditions in the well such as overflow, gas invasion or leakage and the like. This results in a great waste of resources, damage to equipment, environmental pollution, even casualties, etc. In the pressure-controlled drilling process, safe drilling is often realized through killing operation, and the key link is to realize control of back pressure by adjusting the opening of a throttle valve, and finally realize adjustment of bottom pressure, so that complex conditions in a well are avoided.
However, the existing throttle valve control system needs manual operation and has low control precision. If improper operation occurs, the problem cannot be solved, the downhole condition is further worsened, and finally, a great loss is caused.
In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a choke valve automatic control device and well drilling operating mode downhole pressure governing system to a set of degree of automation height, stable performance's choke valve automatic control device is provided.
The embodiment of the application provides a choke valve automatic control device, includes: a signal error calculator, an actuator, a hydraulic cylinder and a displacement sensor; the displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement change of the throttle valve and generating a first displacement signal based on the displacement change; the signal error calculator comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end; the first input end is connected with the displacement sensor to receive a first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor; the second input end is connected with a control system of a drilling site to receive a second displacement signal sent by the control system, wherein the second displacement signal is obtained by converting the collected downhole abnormal signal by the control system; the signal error calculator is used for carrying out error calculation on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal to generate an error signal; the actuator is connected with the output end of the signal error calculator to receive the error signal, and the actuator is connected with the hydraulic cylinder to respond to the error signal to drive the piston rod execution structure in the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate; the piston rod actuating structure is connected with the throttle valve, so that the piston rod actuating structure drives the throttle valve to reciprocate when reciprocating to control the opening of the throttle valve.
In one embodiment, the actuator is a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve comprises a first pressure outlet and a second pressure outlet, the first pressure outlet is connected with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the second pressure outlet is connected with the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve can perform reciprocating motion on a piston rod execution structure in the hydraulic cylinder when the oil circuit is switched in response to the error signal.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a first proportional signal amplifier and a second proportional signal amplifier; correspondingly, a first input end of the signal error calculator is connected with the control system through a first proportional signal amplifier, and the first proportional signal amplifier is used for amplifying the first displacement signal to obtain a first amplified displacement signal; a second input end of the signal error calculator is connected with the displacement sensor through a second proportional signal amplifier, and the second proportional signal amplifier is used for amplifying the second displacement signal to obtain a second amplified displacement signal; a signal error calculator performs error calculation on the first amplified displacement signal and the second amplified displacement signal to generate an error signal.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a PID algorithm controller; correspondingly, the input end of the PID algorithm controller is connected with the output end of the signal error calculator and used for receiving the error signal and stabilizing the error signal to obtain a stabilized error signal, and the output end of the PID algorithm controller is connected with the actuator to send the stabilized error signal to the actuator.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a third proportional signal amplifier; correspondingly, the input end of the third proportional signal amplifier is connected with the output end of the signal error calculator, the output end of the third proportional signal amplifier is connected with the actuator, and the third proportional signal amplifier is used for amplifying the error signal to obtain an amplified error signal and sending the amplified error signal to the actuator.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a hydraulic pump connected to the pressure inlet of the actuator for providing pressure to the pressure inlet of the three-position, four-way solenoid directional valve.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises an accumulator and a regulator valve, wherein the accumulator and the regulator valve are connected between the hydraulic pump and the pressure inlet of the three-position, four-way solenoid directional valve for regulating the pressure provided by the hydraulic pump to the pressure inlet.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises a hydraulic oil tank and a hydraulic oil filter, the hydraulic oil tank is communicated with the hydraulic pump through the hydraulic oil filter, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank is filtered through the hydraulic oil filter to provide hydraulic oil for the hydraulic pump.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a well bottom pressure governing system under drilling operating mode, include: the automatic control device of the throttle valve, the control system of the drilling site and the throttle valve; the throttle valve automatic control device comprises a signal error calculator, an actuator, a hydraulic cylinder and a displacement sensor; the displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement change of the throttle valve and generating a first displacement signal based on the displacement change; the signal error calculator comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end; the first input end is connected with the displacement sensor to receive a first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor; the second input end is connected with the control system to receive a second displacement signal sent by the control system, wherein the second displacement signal is obtained by converting the collected underground abnormal signal by the control system; the signal error calculator is used for carrying out error calculation on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal to generate an error signal; the actuator is connected with the output end of the signal error calculator to receive the error signal, and the actuator is connected with the hydraulic cylinder to respond to the error signal to drive the piston rod execution structure in the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate; the piston rod actuating structure is connected with the throttle valve, so that the piston rod actuating structure drives the throttle valve to reciprocate when reciprocating to control the opening of the throttle valve.
In one embodiment, the throttling valve is arranged in the drilling fluid pipeline, and when the throttling valve reciprocates under the control of the automatic throttling valve control device, the flow area from a drilling fluid inlet to a drilling fluid outlet inside the drilling fluid pipeline is changed, so that the flow pressure drop is changed, and the change of the flow pressure drop is transmitted to the bottom of the well through the drilling fluid, so that the control of the bottom pressure of the well is realized.
In an embodiment of the application, an automatic throttle valve control device is provided, which comprises a signal error calculator, an actuator, a hydraulic cylinder and a displacement sensor, wherein the displacement sensor can measure the displacement change of the throttle valve and generate a first displacement signal based on the displacement change, the signal error calculator can be connected with the displacement sensor through a first input end and receive the first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor, the signal error calculator is connected with a control system of a drilling site through a second input end and receives a second displacement signal sent by the control system, the second displacement signal is a downhole abnormal signal which can be collected by the control system and is converted, the signal error calculator generates an error signal by performing error calculation on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal, the signal error calculator sends the error signal to the actuator through an output end, the actuator is connected with the hydraulic cylinder, can respond to the piston rod execution structure in the error signal drive hydraulic cylinder and carry out reciprocating motion, because the piston rod execution structure is connected with the choke valve for drive the choke valve reciprocating motion when the piston rod execution structure carries out reciprocating motion, thereby realize the automatic control to the throttle valve aperture based on unusual signal in the pit, control accuracy is high and control efficiency is high, need not manual operation, can practice thrift the human cost. By means of the scheme, the technical problems that in the prior art, a throttle valve control system needs manual operation and is low in control precision are solved, and the technical effect of effectively improving the control precision and the control efficiency of the throttle valve is achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic throttle control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of an automatic throttle control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a bottom hole pressure regulation system under drilling conditions in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a partial installation of a hydraulic cylinder and a throttle valve in an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals:
100. a throttle valve automatic control device; 101. a signal error calculator; 102. an actuator; 103. a hydraulic cylinder; 104 a displacement sensor; 200. a control system; 300. a throttle valve; 1. a signal source; 2. a signal duplicator; 3. a proportional signal amplifier; 4. a signal error calculator; 5. a PID controller; 6. a signal saturation function; 7. a proportional signal amplifier; 8. a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve; 9. an accumulator; 10. a hydraulic pump; 11. an electric motor; 12. a filter; 13. an oil tank; 14. an oil tank; 15. a pressure regulating valve; 16. a hydraulic cylinder; 17. simulated throttle valves (mass); 18. a pressure signal of the drilling fluid; 19. a displacement sensor; 20. a signal pool; 21. a proportional signal amplifier; 22. a hydraulic cylinder; 23. a piston rod actuator; 24. a drilling fluid line; 25. a throttle valve; 26. a drilling fluid inlet; 27. a drilling fluid outlet; 28. a displacement sensor; 1000. a system for regulating the pressure in the bottom of a well under drilling conditions.
Detailed Description
The principles and spirit of the present application will be described with reference to a number of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are given solely for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and to practice the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The embodiment of the application provides an automatic control device of a throttle valve. Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an automatic throttle valve control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the automatic throttle valve control apparatus 100 may include a signal error calculator 101, an actuator 102, a hydraulic cylinder 103, and a displacement sensor 104.
The signal error calculator 101 comprises a first input, a second input and an output. A first input of the signal error calculator 101 is connected to the displacement sensor 104 to receive a first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor 104.
A displacement sensor 104 may be disposed at throttle valve 300 for measuring a change in displacement of throttle valve 300 and generating a first displacement signal based on the change in displacement. That is, the displacement sensor 104 may detect a change in the opening degree of the throttle valve 300.
A second input of the signal error calculator 101 is connected to the control system 200 at the drilling site for receiving a second displacement signal sent by the control system 200. The second displacement signal may be derived from conversion of the collected downhole anomaly signal by the control system 200.
The control system at the drilling site may be a PAC (control and decision system) at the drilling site. And the control system of the drilling site can receive the underground abnormal signals collected by the underground abnormal signal collector. The downhole abnormal signal can represent the occurrence of downhole complex conditions such as overflow, gas invasion or leakage and the like which may exist downhole. For example, if there is a flooding or gas cut condition downhole, then the flow rate increases, the bottom hole pressure decreases and the wellhead pressure increases; if a leak-off condition exists, the flow rate is reduced, the bottom hole pressure is reduced and the wellhead pressure is reduced. The downhole anomaly signal may be a pressure signal or a flow signal. The control system may convert the exception signal to a second displacement signal.
The signal error calculator 101 may perform error analysis on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal to generate an error signal. Specifically, the signal error calculator 101 may calculate an error between the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal, and output an error signal when the error accuracy does not reach a preset value.
The output of the signal error calculator 101 is connected to the actuator 102 to send an error signal to the actuator. The actuator 102 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 103 to drive a piston rod actuator in the hydraulic cylinder 103 to reciprocate in response to the error signal. Wherein the error signal is generated in case that an error between the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal is not within a preset range. The actuator can drive the piston rod executing structure in the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate when receiving the error signal.
The piston rod actuator in the hydraulic cylinder 103 is connected to the throttle valve 300 such that the piston rod actuator, when reciprocating, drives the throttle valve 300 to reciprocate, thereby changing the opening of the throttle valve 300.
When the error precision between the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal reaches a preset value, the signal error calculator 101 indicates that the bottom hole pressure meets the requirement, and the throttle valve is stopped being adjusted.
In the above embodiment, the automatic control device for a throttle valve includes a signal error calculator, an actuator, a hydraulic cylinder, and a displacement sensor, the displacement sensor may measure a displacement change of the throttle valve and generate a first displacement signal based on the displacement change, the signal error calculator may be connected to the displacement sensor via a first input terminal and receive the first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor, the signal error calculator is connected to a control system at a drilling site via a second input terminal and receives a second displacement signal sent by the control system, the second displacement signal is obtained by converting a downhole abnormal signal that can be collected by the control system, the signal error calculator generates an error signal by performing error calculation on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal, the signal error calculator sends the error signal to the actuator via an output terminal, the actuator is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod executing structure in the hydraulic cylinder can be driven to reciprocate in response to the error signal, and the piston rod executing structure is connected with the throttle valve, so that the throttle valve is driven to reciprocate when the piston rod executing structure reciprocates, the automatic control of the opening degree of the throttle valve based on underground abnormal signals is realized, the control precision is high, the control efficiency is high, manual operation is not needed, and the labor cost can be saved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the actuator may be a three-position, four-way solenoid directional valve. The three-position, four-way solenoid directional valve may include a first pressure outlet and a second pressure outlet. The first pressure outlet may be connected to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. The second pressure outlet may be connected to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. The three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve can respond to the error signal to carry out reciprocating motion of a piston rod execution structure in the hydraulic cylinder when an oil way is switched. The change of the error signal can cause the current of coils at two ends of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve to change, so that the oil circuit switching is realized, and the piston rod execution structure in the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates. When the piston rod executing structure reciprocates, the throttle valve connected with the piston rod executing structure can be driven to reciprocate, so that the opening degree of the throttle valve is changed. In the above embodiment, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve responds to the error signal to perform oil path switching, so that the piston rod executing structure performs reciprocating motion, and the throttle valve can be driven to perform reciprocating motion.
In some embodiments of the present application, the throttle valve automatic control apparatus may further include a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump is connected with a pressure inlet of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and is used for providing pressure for the pressure inlet of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve.
In some embodiments of the present application, the throttle valve automatic control device may further include an accumulator and a regulator valve. The accumulator and the regulating valve can be connected between the hydraulic pump and the pressure inlet of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and used for regulating the pressure provided by the hydraulic pump to the pressure inlet.
In some embodiments of the present application, the throttle valve automatic control apparatus may further include a first proportional signal amplifier and a second proportional signal amplifier. Accordingly, the first input of the signal error calculator may be connected to the control system via a first proportional signal amplifier. The first proportional signal amplifier may amplify the first displacement signal to obtain a first amplified displacement signal. The second input of the signal error calculator may be connected to the displacement sensor via a second proportional signal amplifier. The second proportional signal amplifier may amplify the second displacement signal to obtain a second amplified displacement signal. The signal error calculator may perform an error analysis on the first amplified displacement signal and the second amplified displacement signal to generate an error signal. Through the mode, the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal can be amplified and then subjected to error analysis, so that the error analysis precision can be improved, and the control precision of the throttle valve is improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the throttle valve automatic control device may further include a PID algorithm controller. Correspondingly, the input end of the PID algorithm controller may be connected to the output end of the signal error calculator, and is configured to receive the error signal, and perform stabilization processing on the error signal to obtain a stabilized error signal. An output of the PID algorithm controller may be connected to the actuator to send a stabilized error signal to the actuator. In the above embodiment, the PID controller stabilizes the error signal, so that the stability of the error signal can be improved, and the control accuracy of the throttle valve automatic control device can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the throttle valve automatic control apparatus further comprises a signal saturation function. Correspondingly, the input end of the signal saturation function may be connected to the output end of the signal error calculator, and is configured to receive the error signal and perform stabilization processing on the error signal to obtain a stabilized error signal. The output of the signal saturation function may be connected to the actuator to send the stabilized error signal to the actuator. In the above embodiment, the error signal is stabilized by the signal saturation function, so that the stability of the error signal can be improved, and the control accuracy of the throttle valve automatic control device can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the throttle valve automatic control apparatus may further include a third proportional signal amplifier. Accordingly, an input of a third proportional signal amplifier may be connected to the output of the signal error calculator and an output of the third proportional signal amplifier may be connected to the actuator. The third proportional signal amplifier may amplify the error signal to obtain an amplified error signal and send the amplified error signal to the actuator. In the above embodiment, the actuator can be driven better by amplifying the error signal, thereby improving the control accuracy of the throttle valve.
In some embodiments of the present application, the throttle automatic control device may further include a hydraulic oil tank and a hydraulic oil filter, the hydraulic oil tank may be communicated with the hydraulic pump via the hydraulic oil filter, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank may be filtered by the hydraulic oil filter to provide hydraulic oil for the hydraulic pump.
In some embodiments of the present application, the throttle valve automatic control apparatus may further include a signal duplicator and a signal pool. Correspondingly, the signal duplicator is connected with the control system and duplicates the second displacement signal sent by the control system, one part of the duplicated signal enters the signal pool, and the other part of the duplicated signal is sent to the signal error calculator. The device in the above embodiment can collect useless signals by copying the second displacement signal, so as to avoid signal interference, thereby improving the control accuracy.
The above-mentioned apparatus is described below with reference to a specific embodiment, however, it should be noted that the specific embodiment is only for better describing the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the present application.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of the operation of the automatic throttle control apparatus in this embodiment is shown. As shown in fig. 2, after checking that everything is normal, the signal source 1 is turned on. Wherein the signal in the signal source 1 comes from the PAC (decision and control system) at the drilling site, which converts the collected downhole anomaly signal into a second displacement signal. After the second displacement signal sent by the signal source 1 is copied by the signal copier 2, a part of the second displacement signal enters the signal pool 20 (the useless signal is collected, the interference of the signal is avoided, and the control precision is improved), and the other part of the second displacement signal is amplified by the proportional signal amplifier 3. The amplified second displacement signal is subjected to error analysis with the feedback signal in the signal error calculator 4 to obtain an error signal. The feedback signal is a signal obtained by amplifying the first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor 19 by the proportional signal amplifier 21.
The error signal output by the signal error calculator 4 is subjected to stability processing by a PID controller 5 and a signal saturation function 6, and the signal after the stability processing is transmitted to a proportional signal amplifier 7 to further amplify and process the signal. Then the signal amplified by the proportional signal amplifier 7 is transmitted to the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 8. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 13 is filtered by the filter 12 to provide the hydraulic oil for the hydraulic pump 10. And the pressure inlet P of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 8 is connected with a hydraulic pump 10 driven by an electric motor 11. The pressure can be supplied to the port P of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 8 by the hydraulic pump 10, and the pressure can be adjusted by the accumulator 9 and the pressure regulating valve 15. In addition, the A, B pressure outlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 8 is respectively connected with the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 16, so that when the electromagnetic directional valve 8 responds to an error signal to perform oil path switching, the pressure difference between the two cavities of the hydraulic cylinder 16 can be changed, and finally the reciprocating motion of the piston executing structure in the hydraulic cylinder is realized.
Because the piston actuating mechanism is directly connected with the valve core of the throttle valve, the automatic adjustment of the opening degree of the throttle valve can be finally realized, and the opening degree of the throttle valve or a displacement signal of the piston rod actuating structure can be fed back to the signal error calculator again for error analysis, thereby realizing new cycle control. The drilling fluid pressure 18 refers to the hydraulic pressure near the choke, i.e., the back pressure signal (bottom hole pressure includes the drilling fluid column pressure and the back pressure). When the error accuracy reaches a preset value, the bottom hole pressure meets the requirement, the throttle valve stops adjusting, and the drilling fluid pressure 18 is the detected real-time back pressure when the throttle valve is opened. The automatic control device of the throttle valve can realize the automatic adjustment of the opening of the throttle valve and the closed-loop control system with real-time feedback of displacement signals. When the opening of the throttle valve is automatically adjusted, the back pressure can be accurately controlled, and errors and bottom hole pressure fluctuation caused by manual operation are avoided.
The embodiment of the application also provides a system for adjusting the bottom pressure under the drilling working condition. FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a bottom hole pressure regulation system under drilling conditions in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the bottom hole pressure regulation system 1000 in this embodiment may include: automatic control device for a choke valve 100, control system 200 at a drilling site, and choke valve 300. Here, the automatic throttle control apparatus 100 may be the automatic throttle control apparatus in any of the embodiments described above. The control system 200 at the drilling site may be a PAC system at the drilling site.
The throttle valve automatic control device may include a signal error calculator, an actuator, a hydraulic cylinder, and a displacement sensor. The displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement change of the throttle valve and generating a first displacement signal based on the displacement change. The signal error calculator includes a first input, a second input, and an output. The first input end is connected with the displacement sensor to receive a first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor. The second input end is connected with the control system to receive a second displacement signal sent by the control system. And the second displacement signal is obtained by converting the collected downhole abnormal signal by the control system. The signal error calculator is used for carrying out error calculation on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal to generate an error signal. The actuator is connected to the output of the signal error calculator to receive the error signal. An actuator is coupled to the hydraulic cylinder to drive a piston rod actuator in the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate in response to the error signal. The piston rod actuating structure is connected with the throttle valve, so that the piston rod actuating structure drives the throttle valve to reciprocate when reciprocating to control the opening of the throttle valve.
In some embodiments of the present application, the throttling valve is disposed in the drilling fluid pipeline, and when the throttling valve reciprocates under the control of the automatic throttling valve control device, the flow area from the drilling fluid inlet to the drilling fluid outlet inside the drilling fluid pipeline is changed, so as to cause a flow pressure drop change, and the flow pressure drop change is transmitted to the bottom of the well through the drilling fluid, so as to control the bottom pressure of the well.
The system for adjusting the bottom pressure under the drilling working condition comprises the automatic throttle valve control device and a closed-loop control system which can realize automatic adjustment of the opening degree of the throttle valve and real-time feedback of a displacement signal of the throttle valve, when the opening degree of the throttle valve is automatically adjusted, the back pressure and the bottom pressure can be accurately controlled, and errors caused by manual operation and fluctuation of the bottom pressure are avoided.
Referring to FIG. 4, a schematic view of a partial installation of the hydraulic cylinder and throttle valve in an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 4, one end of the piston rod actuator 23 of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is directly connected to the throttle valve 25. Wherein the throttle 25 is represented in fig. 2 by the mass 17. The force of hydraulic cylinder 16 on throttle 25 is then exerted on mass 17. Meanwhile, the displacement change of the throttle valve 25 is represented by the displacement change of the mass 17 and is fed back by the displacement sensor 19. When the piston rod actuator 23 is linearly reciprocated, the throttle valve 25 is caused to move synchronously. And the reciprocating movement of the choke 25 will change the flow area inside the drilling fluid line 24 from the drilling fluid inlet 26 to the drilling fluid outlet 27. Control of the bottom hole pressure is achieved because the cross-sectional area of the drilling fluid varies from the drilling fluid inlet 26 to the drilling fluid outlet 27, resulting in a change in the flow pressure drop that is transmitted through the drilling fluid to the bottom hole. In the movement process of the throttle valve 25, a real-time displacement opening signal is measured by the displacement sensor 28 and fed back to the signal error calculator, and is compared with a displacement signal which is fed back underground and output after PAC processing, so that the signal is further transmitted, and new cycle control is started. This results in an automatic cycle control system for the throttle valve.
From the above description, it can be seen that the embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects: the automatic control device of the throttle valve comprises a signal error calculator, an actuator, a hydraulic cylinder and a displacement sensor, wherein the displacement sensor can measure the displacement change of the throttle valve and generate a first displacement signal based on the displacement change, the signal error calculator can be connected with the displacement sensor through a first input end and receive the first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor, the signal error calculator is connected with a control system of a drilling site through a second input end and receives a second displacement signal sent by the control system, the second displacement signal is obtained by converting a downhole abnormal signal which can be collected by the control system, the signal error calculator generates an error signal by carrying out error calculation on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal, the signal error calculator sends the error signal to the actuator through an output end, and the actuator is connected with the hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod executing structure in the hydraulic cylinder can be driven to reciprocate in response to the error signal, and the piston rod executing structure is connected with the throttle valve, so that the throttle valve is driven to reciprocate when the piston rod executing structure reciprocates, the automatic control of the opening degree of the throttle valve based on underground abnormal signals is realized, the control precision is high, the control efficiency is high, manual operation is not needed, and the labor cost can be saved.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the application should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but instead should be determined with reference to the pending claims along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the embodiment of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic control device for a throttle valve, comprising: a signal error calculator, an actuator, a hydraulic cylinder and a displacement sensor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement change of the throttle valve and generating a first displacement signal based on the displacement change;
the signal error calculator comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end; the first input end is connected with the displacement sensor to receive a first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor; the second input end is connected with a control system of a drilling site to receive a second displacement signal sent by the control system, wherein the second displacement signal is obtained by converting the collected downhole abnormal signal by the control system; the signal error calculator is used for carrying out error calculation on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal to generate an error signal;
the actuator is connected with the output end of the signal error calculator to receive the error signal, and the actuator is connected with the hydraulic cylinder to respond to the error signal to drive a piston rod execution structure in the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate;
the piston rod executing structure is connected with the throttle valve, so that the piston rod executing structure drives the throttle valve to reciprocate when reciprocating to control the opening of the throttle valve.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the actuator is a three-position, four-way solenoid directional valve including a first pressure outlet connected to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and a second pressure outlet connected to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder such that a piston rod actuator in the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates as the three-position, four-way solenoid directional valve switches oil paths in response to the error signal.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a first proportional signal amplifier and a second proportional signal amplifier;
correspondingly, a first input end of the signal error calculator is connected with the control system through the first proportional signal amplifier, and the first proportional signal amplifier is used for amplifying the first displacement signal to obtain a first amplified displacement signal;
a second input end of the signal error calculator is connected with the displacement sensor through the second proportional signal amplifier, and the second proportional signal amplifier is used for amplifying the second displacement signal to obtain a second amplified displacement signal;
the signal error calculator performs error calculation on the first amplified displacement signal and the second amplified displacement signal to generate an error signal.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a PID algorithm controller;
correspondingly, the input end of the PID algorithm controller is connected with the output end of the signal error calculator and is used for receiving the error signal and stabilizing the error signal to obtain a stabilized error signal, and the output end of the PID algorithm controller is connected with the actuator so as to send the stabilized error signal to the actuator.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third proportional signal amplifier;
correspondingly, the input end of a third proportional signal amplifier is connected with the output end of the signal error calculator, the output end of the third proportional signal amplifier is connected with the actuator, and the third proportional signal amplifier is used for amplifying the error signal to obtain an amplified error signal and sending the amplified error signal to the actuator.
6. The apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a hydraulic pump connected to the pressure inlet of the actuator for providing pressure to the pressure inlet of the three-position, four-way solenoid directional valve.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising an accumulator and a regulator valve, wherein the accumulator and the regulator valve are connected between the hydraulic pump and a pressure inlet of the three-position, four-way solenoid directional valve for regulating the pressure provided by the hydraulic pump to the pressure inlet.
8. The device of claim 6, further comprising a hydraulic oil tank and a hydraulic oil filter, wherein the hydraulic oil tank is communicated with the hydraulic pump through the hydraulic oil filter, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank is filtered through the hydraulic oil filter to provide hydraulic oil for the hydraulic pump.
9. A system for regulating bottom hole pressure in a drilling environment, comprising: the automatic control device of the throttle valve, the control system of the drilling site and the throttle valve;
the throttle valve automatic control device comprises a signal error calculator, an actuator, a hydraulic cylinder and a displacement sensor;
the displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement change of the throttle valve and generating a first displacement signal based on the displacement change; the signal error calculator comprises a first input end, a second input end and an output end; the first input end is connected with the displacement sensor to receive a first displacement signal sent by the displacement sensor; the second input end is connected with the control system to receive a second displacement signal sent by the control system, wherein the second displacement signal is obtained by converting the collected downhole abnormal signal by the control system;
the signal error calculator is used for carrying out error calculation on the first displacement signal and the second displacement signal to generate an error signal; the actuator is connected with the output end of the signal error calculator to receive the error signal, and the actuator is connected with the hydraulic cylinder to respond to the error signal to drive a piston rod execution structure in the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate;
the piston rod executing structure is connected with the throttle valve, so that the piston rod executing structure drives the throttle valve to reciprocate when reciprocating to control the opening of the throttle valve.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the choke valve is disposed in a drilling fluid line, the choke valve varying an area of flow through the drilling fluid line from a drilling fluid inlet to a drilling fluid outlet upon reciprocation under control of the automatic choke valve control device, resulting in a change in a flow pressure drop that is transmitted through the drilling fluid to the bottom of the well, enabling control of the bottom hole pressure.
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| CN202110692168.3A CN113236183A (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Throttle valve automatic control device and well bottom pressure regulating system under drilling working condition |
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| CN202110692168.3A CN113236183A (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Throttle valve automatic control device and well bottom pressure regulating system under drilling working condition |
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Application publication date: 20210810 |