CN107201884B - Flow distribution control device of fine pressure control drilling riser and back pressure compensation method thereof - Google Patents
Flow distribution control device of fine pressure control drilling riser and back pressure compensation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107201884B CN107201884B CN201710558408.4A CN201710558408A CN107201884B CN 107201884 B CN107201884 B CN 107201884B CN 201710558408 A CN201710558408 A CN 201710558408A CN 107201884 B CN107201884 B CN 107201884B
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- gate valve
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling pressure control, in particular to a flow diversion control device of a fine pressure control drilling riser and a back pressure compensation method thereof, wherein the device comprises a main pipe and an angular displacement sensor; the main pipe is sequentially connected with a first gate valve, a second gate valve and a flowmeter in series, a flow dividing pipe is communicated with the main pipe between the first gate valve and the first gate valve, the second gate valve, a throttle valve and a third gate valve are sequentially connected with the flow dividing pipe in series, and the throttle valve is communicated with an angular displacement sensor. The invention can gradually increase/decrease the discharge capacity entering the shaft in the pressure control drilling, so that the shunt tubes have enough time to compensate the change of the bottom hole pressure caused by stopping/starting the pump, thus, even if the pump is stopped or started, the pump stroke number of the drilling pump can be effectively prevented from being suddenly increased or reduced, the bottom hole pressure fluctuation caused by overlarge wellhead annular circulation pressure consumption fluctuation is effectively avoided, and the bottom hole pressure is ensured to be kept stable in the process of stopping/starting the mechanical pump.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling pressure control, in particular to a flow distribution control device of a fine pressure control drilling riser and a flow distribution back pressure compensation method of the fine pressure control drilling riser.
Background
The problems of pump leakage and pump spray stopping often exist in the drilling with a narrow density window; to solve this problem, pressure controlled Drilling technology, i.e., MPD (Managed Pressure Drilling), has been introduced. The main technical characteristics are as follows: the combination of tools and processes can reduce the risks and investment associated with drilling in narrow safe density windows by controlling the annular pressure profile in advance; the back pressure, fluid density, fluid rheology, annulus level, circulating friction and wellbore geometry can be comprehensively analyzed and controlled. The pressure change of a shaft can be observed in the pressure control drilling, the annular pressure can be dynamically controlled, and the drilling operation which cannot be completed by other technologies can be more economically completed.
In the pressure control drilling process, the bottom hole pressure expression is as follows: ph = Pm + Pa + Pc, where Ph bottom hole pressure, pm is annulus fluid column pressure, and Pc is wellhead casing pressure.
The goals of managed pressure drilling are: and (3) keeping the pressure of the well cylinder in the whole drilling process within a preset target range, and calculating well head casing pressure values in all the drilling procedures to realize the constant bottom pressure in the drilling process.
The pump stopping process of the mechanical pump is to directly reduce the pump stroke number to 0, so that the annular circulation pressure consumption is reduced to 0 in a short time, and the bottom hole pressure fluctuation is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flow distribution control device of a fine pressure control drilling riser and a flow distribution back pressure compensation method of the fine pressure control drilling riser by using the flow distribution control device of the fine pressure control drilling riser, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problem that the pressure fluctuation at the bottom of a well is easily caused by sudden reduction/increase of the pump stroke number of a mechanical pump for stopping/starting the pump of the conventional pressure control drilling.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is realized by the following measures: a flow split control device of a fine pressure control drilling riser comprises a main pipe and an angular displacement sensor; the main pipe is sequentially connected with a first gate valve, a second gate valve and a flowmeter in series, a flow dividing pipe is communicated with the main pipe between the first gate valve and the first gate valve, the flow dividing pipe along the direction of fluid is sequentially connected with the second gate valve, a throttle valve and a third gate valve in series, and the signal output end of the throttle valve is communicated with the signal input end of the angular displacement sensor.
The following is a further optimization or/and improvement of one of the above-mentioned technical solutions of the invention:
a bypass pipe is connected between the main pipe before the first gate valve and the main pipe after the flow meter, and a fourth gate valve is connected in series to the bypass pipe.
And a pressure relief pipe is communicated with the bypass pipe behind the fourth gate valve along the direction of the fluid, and a fifth gate valve is connected in series to the pressure relief pipe.
The second technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: a fine pressure control drilling riser flow diversion back pressure compensation method realized by using a fine pressure control drilling riser flow diversion control device further comprises a control module, wherein a signal output end of an angular displacement sensor is communicated with a signal input end of an angular displacement sensor in the control module, a signal input end of a throttle valve is communicated with a throttle valve signal output end in the control module, and the following operation methods are respectively a pump starting process, a drilling process and a pump stopping process:
in the pump opening process, firstly, the throttle valve is in full opening, the first gate valve, the second gate valve and the third gate valve are in full opening, the first gate valve, the second gate valve, the fourth gate valve and the fifth gate valve are in full closing, the first gate valve and the second gate valve are opened firstly, the angular displacement sensor collects the area opening of the throttle valve in real time and transmits data to the control module, the control module performs operation analysis on the area opening of the throttle valve collected by the angular displacement sensor and the flow area of the vertical pipe to obtain the ratio of the area opening of the throttle valve to the flow area of the vertical pipe, the control module sends a throttle valve opening and closing instruction to the throttle valve and outputs an electric control signal to the throttle valve, the throttle valve is slowly closed, the opening of the throttle valve is controlled, the ratio of the area opening of the throttle valve to the flow area of the vertical pipe is gradually reduced, and the third gate valve is closed until the throttle valve is completely closed;
in the drilling process, the first gate valve and the second gate valve are kept to be fully opened, the throttle valve, the second gate valve, the third gate valve, the fourth gate valve and the fifth gate valve are kept to be fully closed, drilling fluid flows out of the drilling pump and enters the main pipe, and the drilling fluid enters the drill rod from the main pipe;
in the pump stopping process, the second gate valve and the third gate valve are opened firstly, the angular displacement sensor collects the area opening degree of the throttling valve in real time and transmits data to the control module, the control module carries out operation analysis on the area opening degree of the throttling valve collected by the angular displacement sensor and the flow area of the vertical pipe to obtain the ratio between the area opening degree of the throttling valve and the flow area of the vertical pipe, the control module sends a command for opening and closing the throttling valve to the throttling valve and outputs an electric control signal to the throttling valve, the throttling valve is opened slowly, the opening degree of the throttling valve is controlled, the ratio between the area opening degree of the throttling valve and the flow area of the vertical pipe is increased gradually, the first gate valve is closed until the throttling valve is completely opened, drilling fluid flows out of the drilling pump and enters a main pipe, and then is discharged through the shunt pipe.
The following is further optimization or/and improvement of the second technical scheme of the invention:
in the bypass debugging process, the fourth gate valve is opened, the first gate valve, the second gate valve, the third gate valve and the fifth gate valve are closed, and the drilling fluid flows out of the drilling pump, enters the main pipe, then enters the bypass pipe, and then enters the drill rod through the main pipe.
The control accuracy of the throttle valve area opening is ± 1%.
The invention can gradually increase/decrease the discharge capacity entering the shaft in the pressure control drilling, so that the shunt pipe has enough time to compensate the change of the bottom hole pressure caused by stopping/starting the pump, thus, even if the pump is stopped or started, the pump stroke number of the drilling pump can be effectively prevented from being suddenly increased or reduced, the bottom hole pressure fluctuation caused by overlarge circulating pressure loss fluctuation of the wellhead annulus can be effectively prevented, and the bottom hole pressure is ensured to be kept stable in the process of stopping/starting the mechanical pump.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The codes in the figures are respectively: the device comprises a main pipe 1, a first gate valve 2, a first gate valve 3, a second gate valve 4, a flowmeter 5, a shunt pipe 6, a second gate valve 7, a throttle valve 8, a third gate valve 9, an angular displacement sensor 10, a bypass pipe 11, a fourth gate valve 12, a pressure relief pipe 13 and a fifth gate valve 14.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention.
In the present invention, for convenience of description, the description of the relative position relationship of the components is described according to the layout mode of the attached drawing 1 in the specification, such as: the positional relationship of up, down, left, right, etc. is determined in accordance with the layout direction of the drawings of the specification.
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and figures:
In embodiment 2, as a modification of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, a bypass pipe 11 is connected between the main pipe 1 before the first gate valve 2 and the main pipe 1 after the flow meter 5, and a fourth gate valve 12 is connected in series to the bypass pipe 11. The bypass pipe 11 is arranged for closing the first gate valve 2, the first gate valve 3, the second gate valve 4, the second gate valve 7 and the third gate valve 9 when the main pipe 1 manifold and the shunt pipe 6 manifold in the fine pressure control drilling riser flow split control device of the invention have faults, opening the fourth gate valve 12, and allowing the drilling fluid from the drilling pump to enter the main pipe 1, pass through the bypass pipe 11 and then enter the drill rod through the main pipe 1, so that the main pipe 1 manifold and the shunt pipe 6 manifold can be overhauled and cleared from the faults.
In embodiment 3, as a preferable mode of embodiments 1 and 2, as shown in fig. 1, a pressure relief pipe 13 is connected to the bypass pipe 11 after the fourth gate valve 12 along the flow direction of the fluid, and a fifth gate valve 14 is connected in series to the pressure relief pipe 13. After the pressure relief pipe 13 is convenient to stop the pump, the pressure accumulated in the manifold is discharged by the pressure relief pipe 13, so that the pressure of the manifold is prevented from being suppressed, and the safe operation of production is ensured.
in the pump opening process, firstly, the throttle valve 8 is in full opening, the first gate valve 2, the second gate valve 7 and the third gate valve 9 are in full opening, the first gate valve 3, the second gate valve 4, the fourth gate valve 12 and the fifth gate valve 14 are in full closing, the first gate valve 3 and the second gate valve 4 are opened firstly, the angular displacement sensor 10 collects the area opening of the throttle valve 8 in real time and transmits data to the control module, the control module carries out operation analysis on the area opening of the throttle valve 8 collected by the angular displacement sensor 10 and the flow area of the vertical pipe to obtain the ratio of the area opening of the throttle valve 8 to the flow area of the vertical pipe, the control module sends an instruction for opening and closing the throttle valve 8 to the throttle valve 8 and outputs an electric control signal to the throttle valve 8, the throttle valve 8 is slowly closed, the opening of the throttle valve 8 is controlled, the ratio of the area opening of the throttle valve 8 to the flow area of the vertical pipe is gradually reduced until the throttle valve 8 is completely closed, and then the third gate valve 9 is closed, and the slow pump opening is realized;
in the drilling process, the first gate valve 2, the first gate valve 3 and the second gate valve 4 are kept to be fully opened, the throttle valve 8, the second gate valve 7, the third gate valve 9, the fourth gate valve 12 and the fifth gate valve 14 are kept to be fully closed, drilling fluid flows out from the drilling pump and enters the main pipe 1, and the drilling fluid enters a drill rod from the main pipe 1;
in the pump stopping process, the second gate valve 7 and the third gate valve 9 are opened firstly, the angular displacement sensor 10 collects the area opening degree of the throttle valve 8 in real time and transmits data to the control module, the control module carries out operation analysis on the area opening degree of the throttle valve 8 collected by the angular displacement sensor 10 and the flow area of the vertical pipe to obtain the ratio between the area opening degree of the throttle valve 8 and the flow area of the vertical pipe, the control module sends an instruction for opening and closing the throttle valve 8 to the throttle valve 8 and outputs an electric control signal to the throttle valve 8, the throttle valve 8 is opened slowly, the opening degree of the throttle valve 8 is controlled, the ratio between the area opening degree of the throttle valve 8 and the flow area of the vertical pipe is increased gradually until the throttle valve 8 is opened completely, the first gate valve 3 is closed, drilling fluid flows out of the drilling fluid pump into the main pipe 1 and is discharged through the shunt pipe 6, and the slow pump stopping of the drilling fluid pump is realized.
The flow dividing and back pressure compensating method of the fine pressure control drilling riser can gradually increase/decrease the discharge capacity entering a shaft in pressure control drilling so that the flow dividing pipe 6 has enough time to compensate the change of bottom hole pressure caused by stopping/starting the pump, thus, even if the pump is stopped or started, the pump impulse number of the drilling pump can be effectively prevented from being suddenly increased or reduced, the discharge capacity of the drilling pump in the pressure control drilling is output in a stepped mode, the fluctuation of the circulating pressure consumption of a wellhead annulus is effectively prevented from being too large to cause bottom hole pressure fluctuation, and the bottom hole pressure is ensured to be kept stable in the process of stopping/starting the mechanical pump.
Example 5, as an optimization of example 4, as shown in fig. 1, during the bypass debugging process, the fourth gate valve 12 is opened, the first gate valve 2, the first gate valve 3, the second gate valve 4, the second gate valve 7, the third gate valve 9 and the fifth gate valve 14 are closed, and the drilling fluid flows out from the drill pump, enters the main pipe 1, then enters the bypass pipe 11, and then enters the drill rod through the main pipe 1 via the bypass pipe 11. When the main pipe 1 and the shunt pipe 6 are in fault, the first gate valve 2, the first gate valve 3, the second gate valve 4, the second gate valve 7 and the third gate valve 9 can be closed, the fourth gate valve 12 is opened, and drilling fluid discharged from the drilling pump enters the main pipe 1, passes through the bypass pipe 11 and then enters the drill rod through the main pipe 1, so that the main pipe 1 and the shunt pipe 6 can be overhauled and cleared.
In embodiment 6, as the optimization of embodiments 4 and 5, as shown in fig. 1, the area opening degree control accuracy of the throttle valve 8 is ± 1%. This embodiment can guarantee the accurate control of the area aperture of choke valve 8, avoids the area aperture undulant big, and then influences the bottom hole pressure.
The technical characteristics form an embodiment of the invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and unnecessary technical characteristics can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (3)
1. A flow dividing and back pressure compensating method for a fine pressure control drilling riser comprises a flow dividing control device for the fine pressure control drilling riser, wherein the flow dividing control device for the fine pressure control drilling riser comprises a main pipe and an angular displacement sensor; the main pipe is sequentially connected with a first gate valve, a second gate valve and a flowmeter in series, a shunt pipe is communicated with the main pipe between the first gate valve and the first gate valve, the shunt pipe along the fluid direction is sequentially connected with the second gate valve, a throttle valve and a third gate valve in series, the signal output end of the throttle valve is communicated with the signal input end of the angular displacement sensor, a bypass pipe is communicated between the main pipe in front of the first gate valve and the main pipe behind the flowmeter, a fourth gate valve is connected on the bypass pipe in series, a pressure relief pipe is communicated with the bypass pipe behind the fourth gate valve along the fluid direction, and a fifth gate valve is connected on the pressure relief pipe in series; the system is characterized by also comprising a control module, wherein a signal output end of the angular displacement sensor is communicated with a signal input end of the angular displacement sensor in the control module, a signal input end of a throttle valve is communicated with a signal output end of the throttle valve in the control module, and the following operation methods are respectively used in the pump starting process, the well drilling process and the pump stopping process:
in the pump opening process, firstly, the throttle valve is in full opening, the first gate valve, the second gate valve and the third gate valve are in full opening, the first gate valve, the second gate valve, the fourth gate valve and the fifth gate valve are in full closing, the first gate valve and the second gate valve are opened firstly, the angular displacement sensor collects the area opening of the throttle valve in real time and transmits data to the control module, the control module performs operation analysis on the area opening of the throttle valve collected by the angular displacement sensor and the flow area of the vertical pipe to obtain the ratio of the area opening of the throttle valve to the flow area of the vertical pipe, the control module sends a throttle valve opening and closing instruction to the throttle valve and outputs an electric control signal to the throttle valve, the throttle valve is slowly closed, the opening of the throttle valve is controlled, the ratio of the area opening of the throttle valve to the flow area of the vertical pipe is gradually reduced, and the third gate valve is closed until the throttle valve is completely closed;
in the drilling process, the first gate valve and the second gate valve are kept to be fully opened, the throttle valve, the second gate valve, the third gate valve, the fourth gate valve and the fifth gate valve are kept to be fully closed, drilling fluid flows out of the drilling pump and enters the main pipe, and the drilling fluid enters the drill rod from the main pipe;
in the pump stopping process, the second gate valve and the third gate valve are opened firstly, the angular displacement sensor collects the area opening degree of the throttling valve in real time and transmits data to the control module, the control module performs operation analysis on the area opening degree of the throttling valve collected by the angular displacement sensor and the flow area of the vertical pipe to obtain the ratio of the area opening degree of the throttling valve to the flow area of the vertical pipe, the control module sends a command for opening and closing the throttling valve to the throttling valve and outputs an electric control signal to the throttling valve, the throttling valve is opened slowly, the opening degree of the throttling valve is controlled, the ratio of the area opening degree of the throttling valve to the flow area of the vertical pipe is increased gradually, the first gate valve is closed until the throttling valve is completely opened, drilling fluid flows out of the drilling pump and enters a main pipe, and then is discharged through a shunt pipe.
2. The shunt back pressure compensation method of claim 1, wherein during bypass debugging, the fourth gate valve is opened, the first gate valve, the second gate valve, the third gate valve and the fifth gate valve are closed, and the drilling fluid flows out of the drilling pump, enters the main pipe, then enters the bypass pipe, and then enters the drill pipe through the main pipe via the bypass pipe.
3. The fine managed pressure drilling riser split return pressure compensation method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the area opening control accuracy of the choke valve is ± 1%.
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| CN201710558408.4A CN107201884B (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-07-10 | Flow distribution control device of fine pressure control drilling riser and back pressure compensation method thereof |
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| CN201710558408.4A CN107201884B (en) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-07-10 | Flow distribution control device of fine pressure control drilling riser and back pressure compensation method thereof |
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| CN107201884B true CN107201884B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108457610B (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2023-09-26 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Drilling fluid diversion control system and method |
| CN110886585B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2022-02-08 | 中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司 | Automatic throttle control device for back pressure compensation in drilling operation and use method thereof |
| CN114635656A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-06-17 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Automatic flow-dividing and pressure-supplementing device and method without pump stop during column connection and tripping |
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