CN113236126B - Underground light source drilling system - Google Patents
Underground light source drilling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113236126B CN113236126B CN202110566819.4A CN202110566819A CN113236126B CN 113236126 B CN113236126 B CN 113236126B CN 202110566819 A CN202110566819 A CN 202110566819A CN 113236126 B CN113236126 B CN 113236126B
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- laser
- light source
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/14—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling
- E21B7/15—Drilling by use of heat, e.g. flame drilling of electrically generated heat
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
Abstract
The invention discloses a downhole light source drilling system which comprises an external power supply, a transmission cable, a downhole light source, a laser drill collar and a laser drill bit, wherein the downhole light source is arranged underground and used for emitting laser beams to a downhole working surface, the laser drill collar and the laser drill bit are sequentially arranged along the emitting direction of the laser beams, and the external power supply is connected with the downhole light source, the laser drill collar and the laser drill bit through the transmission cable. The underground light source is coupled and combined by the semiconductor laser optical fiber, the requirements of miniaturization and high efficiency of underground light source drilling are met, the problems of miniaturization of the light source and complex underground environment adaptability are solved, informatization and intellectualization of laser drilling are improved through the measurement while drilling equipment and the well control system, and meanwhile, the drilling matching is configured, so that auxiliary airflow and rock debris transportation are provided for the laser drilling, and smooth proceeding of the laser drilling is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser rock breaking application, and particularly relates to an underground light source drilling system.
Background
The abundant oil and gas resources of underground storage are important energy sources supporting the progress and development of human society. Along with long-time exploitation, a target layer of oil and gas exploration and development is rapidly extended from a middle shallow layer to a deep layer and an ultra-deep layer, and the problems of high hardness, poor drillability, complex geological structure and the like faced by the target layer make the traditional drilling face huge challenges, break through the technical bottleneck of the existing drilling, seek new technical research and development, realize deeper depth, more complex working conditions and faster efficiency, reduce cost and are the targets always pursued by the oil and gas industry.
With the progress and development of science and technology, many rock breaking technologies and equipment, such as water jet, laser, ultrasonic rock breaking and the like, are developed at the same time. The high-energy laser beam is directly acted on the surface of the rock, so that the surface of the rock is locally heated to be weakened and crushed until the surface of the rock is molten and even reaches a vaporization state, and then the rock is broken by using machinery, so that the rock breaking efficiency is obviously improved. Laser drilling generally adopts two technical schemes, one technical scheme is that a laser is used as a light source, the light source is placed on the ground of a wellhead, laser beams are transmitted to the underground through an energy transmission optical fiber cable, and the problems that engineering complexity is brought to a drilling system by a long-distance transmission optical cable of high-power laser and an uninterruptible continuous optical cable are solved. The other scheme is that the laser system is miniaturized to be made into a cylindrical structure with a borehole size, the whole laser system is placed behind the underground drill bit, and power is supplied from the ground through an underground motor or a high-voltage cable. This will face problems of miniaturization of the light source and complex downhole environmental suitability.
Accordingly, further developments and improvements are still needed in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at various defects in the prior art, an underground light source drilling system is provided so as to solve the problems of miniaturization of an underground light source, complex underground environment adaptability and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the underground light source drilling system comprises an external power supply, a transmission cable, an underground light source, a laser drill collar and a laser drill bit, wherein the underground light source is arranged underground and used for emitting laser beams to an underground working surface, the laser drill collar and the laser drill bit are sequentially arranged along the emitting direction of the laser beams, and the external power supply is connected with the underground light source, the laser drill collar and the laser drill bit through the transmission cable.
Further, the downhole light source comprises:
an optical module comprising a cascade laser, the cascade laser comprising at least one group of cascade laser groups, and the cascade laser group comprising at least two sub-lasers;
the driving module is connected with the sub-lasers in a one-to-one mode and is connected with the control module through a switching power supply, the optical module and the driving module are packaged in the shell, the shell is of a cylindrical structure, and the size of the shell is matched with that of a well hole;
and the temperature control module is positioned outside the shell and connected with the control module, the temperature control module adopts a two-stage temperature control structure, primary heat exchange is carried out on heat generated by the optical module and the driving module through a circulating medium, secondary heat exchange is carried out through a cooling medium and the circulating medium, and finally the heat is discharged.
Furthermore, the sub-lasers in the same group are combined for the first time through the first optical fiber beam combiner to form first combined laser, and the cascade laser groups are combined for the second time through the second optical fiber beam combiner to form second combined laser, wherein the second combined laser is used as an output beam.
Furthermore, the laser drill bit comprises a drill bit body, a light path corresponding to the underground light source, a gas path communicated with the light path and a sensing measurement module are arranged in the drill bit body, a light beam shaping mirror group and a light beam movement control mirror group are arranged on the light path in the drill bit body, and a window for optical protection is arranged at the end part of the drill bit body.
Furthermore, a robot used for realizing the movement of the laser drill collar and the laser drill bit is connected to the laser drill collar.
Furthermore, the underground light source drilling system further comprises a drilling kit, wherein the drilling kit comprises a compressed air source and a rock debris transportation system which are communicated with the gas circuit and used for supplying gas to the gas circuit, a high-voltage power supply system and a communication system used for communicating with the ground, the compressed air source is communicated with the laser drill bit and the laser drill collar through pipelines, and the high-voltage power supply system is connected with an external power supply.
Further, the downhole light source drilling system further comprises measurement-while-drilling equipment connected to the laser drill bit, wherein the measurement-while-drilling equipment comprises an image visualization system and a borehole measurement device.
Furthermore, the underground light source drilling system further comprises a well control system, wherein the well control system comprises a blowout control module and a borehole trajectory control module, and the blowout control module and the borehole trajectory control module are respectively connected with the laser drill bit.
Preferably, the external power source is a downhole motor or a surface power source.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the underground light source well drilling system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the underground light source adopts the optical fiber coupling and beam combination of the semiconductor laser, meets the requirements of miniaturization and high efficiency of the underground light source drilling well, and solves the problems of miniaturization of the light source and complex underground environment adaptability.
(2) The output power of the output light beam is improved by adopting the cascade laser, the application range of the cascade laser is expanded, meanwhile, the temperature control module adopts a two-stage temperature control structure, the heat generated by the optical module and the driving module is transferred to the radiating fins of the compressor by adopting a circulating medium, the cooling medium is injected into the radiating fins to exchange heat with the circulating medium, and finally the heat is discharged, so that the effects of heat dissipation and accurate temperature control are realized.
(3) The informatization and the intellectualization of laser drilling are improved through the measurement-while-drilling equipment and the well control system.
(4) By configuring a drilling matching, auxiliary air flow and rock debris transportation are provided for laser drilling, and smooth laser drilling is ensured.
(5) And a light beam shaping lens group and a light beam movement control lens group are arranged on the light path in the drill bit body, so that the path control of the laser beam is realized.
(6) The laser drill bit is provided with drilling pressure through the laser drill collar and rigid guide, and the laser drill bit is ensured to drill along a drilling path.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of a downhole light source drilling system in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a downhole light source according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an optical module and a driving module in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cascade laser in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the drawings: 100. a ground power supply; 200. a transmission cable; 300. a downhole light source; 301. a housing; 302. a temperature control module; 303. a QBH cable; 304. a cooling plate; 305. a sub-laser; 306. a first optical fiber combiner; 307. a drive module; 308. a switching power supply; 309. a control module; 310. a high pressure pump; 311. a compressor; 312. a control line; 313. a power supply line; 314. cascading laser groups; 315. a second optical fiber combiner; 400. a laser drill collar; 500. a laser drill is provided.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following description is given for clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. in the following embodiments are directions with reference to the drawings only, and thus, the directional terms are used for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention.
Example 1
A downhole light source drilling system comprises an external power supply, a transmission cable 200, a downhole light source 300 arranged underground and used for emitting laser beams to a downhole working surface, a laser drill collar 400 and a laser drill bit 500 which are sequentially arranged along the emitting direction of the laser beams, wherein the external power supply is connected with the downhole light source 300, the laser drill collar 400 and the laser drill bit 500 through the transmission cable 200, as shown in figure 1.
According to the requirements of miniaturization and high efficiency of the downhole light source, the downhole light source 300 adopts a mode of coupling and beam combining of semiconductor laser fibers, specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the downhole light source 300 comprises an optical module, a driving module 307 and a temperature control module 302, wherein the optical module and the driving module 307 are all packaged inside a shell 301, the shell 301 is a sealed cylindrical structure, an optical window is arranged on the surface of the shell, and the size of the shell 3011 is matched with the size of a borehole, so as to be suitable for the downhole environment. The optical module comprises a cascade laser comprising at least one group of cascade laser groups 314, and the group of cascade lasers 314 comprises at least two sub-lasers 305. That is, by adjusting the number of cascaded laser groups 314 and sub-lasers 305, output beams of power on the order of 1kW, 10kW, or even 100kW can be obtained. When the cascade laser group 314 is set to 1 group, the sub-lasers 305 are combined by the first optical fiber combiner 306 to form a first combined laser, and the first combined laser is used as an output beam. When the cascade laser group 314 is set to at least 2 groups, the sub-lasers 305 in the same group are combined by the first optical fiber combiner 306 to form a first combined laser, and the cascade laser group 314 is combined by the second optical fiber combiner 315 to form a second combined laser, which is used as an output beam. Meanwhile, the cascade laser group 314 includes a laser emitting red light, that is, the output beam includes red light, and similarly, the red light is combined into the output beam by the first optical fiber combiner 3067. Meanwhile, the output light beam is output through the QBH optical cable 303 and then is output as a parallel light beam through the collimation module. To meet the requirements of the downhole light source 300 for high electro-optical efficiency, compact structure, and low beam quality, the sub-laser 305 is preferably a fiber coupled semiconductor laser. The driving module 307 is connected to the sub-lasers 305 one-to-one, and the driving module 307 is connected to the control module 309 through the switching power supply 308. The switching power supply 308 supplies power to the driving module 307, and the control module 309 controls laser output, state monitoring, and safety interlock control by using a TCP/IP control protocol. A cooling plate 304 is provided in the housing 301, and the optical module and the driving module 307 are respectively located on different sides of the cooling plate 304. An optical window for transmitting and outputting the output light beam is arranged on the shell 301, and the optical window is made of spinel. The temperature control module 302 is located outside the housing 301 and connected to the control module 309 for exchanging heat and dissipating heat from the optical module and the driving module 307. Specifically, the temperature control module 302 includes a high-pressure pump 310 and a compressor 311 that are communicated with each other, the high-pressure pump 310 is communicated with the cooling plate 304 and introduces a circulating medium into the cooling plate 304, primary heat exchange is performed on the optical module and the driving module 307, the circulating medium transfers heat generated by the optical module and the driving module 307 to a cooling fin of the compressor 311, the cooling medium is injected into the cooling fin and performs secondary heat exchange with the circulating medium, and finally the heat is discharged, so that a heat dissipation effect is achieved, that is, the high-pressure pump 310, the compressor 311 and the cooling plate 304 form a self-circulation system, and meanwhile, the temperature control module 302 adopts a two-stage temperature control structure. A temperature and humidity sensor and a water flow detection sensor connected with the control module 309 are arranged in the cooling plate 304. The control module 309 is connected to the computer terminal through a control line 312, and performs light emitting, light stopping, and power adjusting operations through an RS232 serial port. The switch power supply 308 and the control module 309 are connected with a power supply module, and the power supply module is connected with an external power supply through a power supply line 313. Correspondingly, the driving module 307, the switching power supply 308, the control module 309 and the power supply module are located on the same side of the cooling plate 304, and the casing 3011 is provided with a power supply line 313 interface, a control line 312 interface and a cooling interface. Meanwhile, the temperature control module 302 is also connected to an external power source. In this embodiment, the cascade laser group 314 is provided with 1 group, and the cascade laser group 314 includes 6 sub-lasers 305 and 1 laser emitting an indication red light. Adopt 6 way 270W fiber coupling semiconductor laser and 1 way instruction ruddiness to pass through 7 first optical fiber beam combiner 306 of 1, the power is about 1.5kW after the beam combining, export by QBH optical cable 303 again, export 20mm parallel light beam after passing through collimation module. Meanwhile, the driving module 307 provides current driving, the control module 309 performs laser output control, state monitoring and safety interlock control, and the cooling plate 304 performs heat dissipation and temperature control on the optical module and the driving module 307. In addition, the cooling plate 304 adopts a double-channel structure, the circulating medium is circulating water, the flow rate of the circulating water is 20L/min, the inlet water temperature is 55 ℃, the average temperature inside the shell 301 is 60.7 ℃, and the outlet water temperature is 56.4 ℃.
The laser drill 500 comprises a drill body, a light path corresponding to the underground light source 300, a gas path communicated with the light path and a sensing measurement module are arranged in the drill body, a light beam shaping mirror group and a light beam movement control mirror group are arranged on the light path in the drill body, and a window for optical protection is arranged at the end of the drill body.
The laser drill collar 400 provides drilling pressure for the laser drill bit 500 and provides rigid guiding for the laser drill bit 500, and the overall structure of the laser drill collar 400 is a cylindrical drill collar, and the diameter of the cylindrical drill collar is the same as the diameter of a borehole. The laser drill collar 400 is connected with a robot for moving the laser drill collar 400 and the laser drill 500, and the robot drives the laser drill collar 400 to operate so as to drive the laser drill 500 on the laser drill collar 400 to operate.
The underground light source drilling system further comprises a drilling kit, the drilling kit comprises a compressed air source and a rock debris transportation system which are communicated with the gas circuit and used for supplying gas to the gas circuit, a high-voltage power supply system and a communication system used for communicating with the ground, the compressed air source is communicated with the laser drill 500 and the laser drill collar 400 through pipelines, the high-voltage power supply system is connected with an external power supply, and smooth proceeding of the laser drilling process is further ensured through the drilling kit.
The downhole light source drilling system further comprises a measurement-while-drilling apparatus connected to the laser drill bit 500, the measurement-while-drilling apparatus comprising an image visualization system and a borehole measurement device, wherein the borehole measurement device comprises one or more sensor devices selected from the group consisting of orthogonal accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope, and microelectromechanical gyroscope sensors, or any combination thereof. The laser drilling is more information and intelligent through the image visual system and the borehole measuring device.
The underground light source drilling system further comprises a well control system, wherein the well control system comprises a blowout control module 309 and a borehole trajectory control module 309, and the blowout control module 309 and the borehole trajectory control module 309 are respectively connected with the laser drill 500. The occurrence of equipment damage due to excessive pressure in the well is avoided by the blowout control module 309. The borehole is controlled in real time through the borehole control module 309, the track quality of the borehole is guaranteed, the borehole can be controlled and the borehole can be drilled at the same time through the cooperation with the laser drill 500, the drilling frequency can be reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
Preferably, the external power source is a downhole motor or surface power source 100.
In this embodiment, the external power source is a ground power source 100. Specifically, the ground power supply 100 is a generator.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4, the same parts of this embodiment as those of embodiment 1 are not described again, except that:
in this embodiment, the cascade laser group 314 is provided with 3 groups, and each group of cascade laser group 314 includes 5 sub-lasers 305 and 1 laser emitting an indication red light. The sub-lasers 305 in the same group are combined by the first optical fiber combiner 306 to form a first combined laser, and the cascade laser group 314 is combined by the second optical fiber combiner 315 to form a second combined laser, which is used as an output beam.
The present invention has been described in detail, and it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The underground light source drilling system is characterized by comprising an external power supply, a transmission cable, an underground light source, a laser drill collar and a laser drill bit, wherein the underground light source is arranged underground and used for emitting laser beams to an underground working surface, and the laser drill collar and the laser drill bit are sequentially arranged along the emitting direction of the laser beams;
the downhole light source comprises:
an optical module comprising a cascade laser, the cascade laser comprising at least one group of cascade laser groups, and the cascade laser group comprising at least two sub-lasers;
the driving module is connected with the sub-lasers in a one-to-one mode, the driving module is connected with the control module through a switching power supply, the optical module and the driving module are packaged in the shell, the shell is of a cylindrical structure, the size of the shell is matched with that of a well hole, a cooling plate is arranged in the shell, and the optical module and the driving module are respectively located on different side faces of the cooling plate;
and the temperature control module is positioned outside the shell and connected with the control module, the temperature control module adopts a two-stage temperature control structure and comprises a high-pressure pump and a compressor which are communicated, the high-pressure pump is communicated with the cooling plate and introduces a circulating medium into the cooling plate to perform primary heat exchange on the optical module and the driving module, the circulating medium transfers heat generated by the optical module and the driving module to a radiating fin of the compressor, and the cooling medium is injected into the radiating fin and performs secondary heat exchange with the circulating medium, so that the heat is finally discharged.
2. The downhole light source drilling system of claim 1, wherein the sub-lasers in the same group are combined by a first fiber combiner to form a first combined laser, and the cascade laser groups are combined by a second fiber combiner to form a second combined laser, the second combined laser being an output beam.
3. The downhole light source drilling system according to claim 1, wherein the laser drill comprises a drill body, a light path corresponding to the downhole light source, a gas path communicated with the light path, and a sensing and measuring module are arranged in the drill body, a light beam shaping mirror group and a light beam movement control mirror group are arranged along the light path in the drill body, and a window for optical protection is arranged at an end of the drill body.
4. The downhole light source drilling system according to claim 1, wherein a robot for moving the laser drill collar and the laser drill bit is connected to the laser drill collar.
5. The downhole light source drilling system according to claim 3, further comprising a drilling kit, wherein the drilling kit comprises a compressed air source and a rock debris transportation system communicated with the gas path for supplying gas to the gas path, a high-voltage power supply system and a communication system for communicating with the ground, the compressed air source is communicated with the laser drill bit and the laser drill collar through a pipeline, and the high-voltage power supply system is connected with an external power supply.
6. The downhole light source drilling system of claim 1, further comprising a measurement-while-drilling device coupled to the laser drill bit, the measurement-while-drilling device comprising an image visualization system and a borehole measurement device.
7. The downhole light source drilling system of claim 1, further comprising a well control system comprising a blowout control module and a wellbore trajectory control module, the blowout control module and the wellbore trajectory control module being respectively connected to the laser drill bit.
8. The downhole light source drilling system of claim 1, wherein the external power source is a downhole motor or a surface power source.
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| CN202110566819.4A CN113236126B (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Underground light source drilling system |
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| CN202110566819.4A CN113236126B (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Underground light source drilling system |
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| US6598689B1 (en) * | 2000-08-17 | 2003-07-29 | Smith International, Inc. | Roller cone for drill bit having improved resistance to fatigue cracking |
| US7720323B2 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2010-05-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | High-temperature downhole devices |
| US8511401B2 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2013-08-20 | Foro Energy, Inc. | Method and apparatus for delivering high power laser energy over long distances |
| BRPI0806638B1 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2017-03-14 | Faculdades Católicas Mantenedora Da Pontifícia Univ Católica Do Rio De Janeiro - Puc Rio | laser drilling process |
| CN102315586A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 深圳市雷迈科技有限公司 | Semiconductor laser module with multiple detection sensors and protection devices |
| BRPI1002337B1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2017-02-14 | Faculdades Católicas | laser drilling equipment |
| CN204200080U (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2015-03-11 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | A kind of laser drill system |
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| CN207063909U (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-03-02 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of laser rock fragmenting device for drilling well |
| CN210768586U (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2020-06-16 | 西南石油大学 | Laser mechanical combined drilling device |
| CN110094158A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-06 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of laser engine combination drilling device |
| CN110391590A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-29 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | A kind of pulse laser driving power source system and its driving method |
| CN212626516U (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-02-26 | 无锡锐科光纤激光技术有限责任公司 | Ten thousand watt level optical fiber output semiconductor laser |
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