CN113235767A

CN113235767A - Construction method of external thermal insulation key node of external wall

Info

Publication number: CN113235767A
Application number: CN202110549257.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘文峰; 刘文雷; 啸虎
Original assignee: China MCC17 Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China MCC17 Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-20
Filing date: 2021-05-20
Publication date: 2021-08-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of an external thermal insulation key node of an external wall, which comprises the following steps: plinth, door and window openings, balconies, deformation joints, roof parapet walls, external decorative components, fireproof isolation belts and outer wall corners; the door and window opening node comprises a door and window opening, a side opening, a window lower opening and a window upper opening; the deformation joint nodes comprise expansion joint flat joints, corner joints, anti-seismic settlement joint flat joints, corner joints, vertical joints and horizontal joints. According to the invention, solutions such as caulking the joints of all heat-insulation key nodes by using heat-insulation materials, filling the joints with sealing paste, reinforcing the end heads of the heat-insulation boards of the key nodes by adding grid cloth, structurally setting a drainage slope to avoid damage to water stored on the heat-insulation materials, setting water drops to conduct rainwater diversion to avoid damage to the heat-insulation boards, establishing a structure for isolating a heat bridge and the like are provided, and the problems of heat-insulation board damage, cracking, hollowing and the like at key nodes of an external wall external heat-insulation system in a severe cold area are effectively solved.

Description

Construction method of external thermal insulation key node of external wall

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method of an external thermal insulation key node of an external wall.

Background

With the development of society, ecological environment protection and greenhouse effect emission reduction become important problems for human survival development, and the nation puts forward mandatory requirements on building heat preservation performance according to the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction. The external thermal insulation system of outer wall has a lot of quality problems as the main external thermal insulation form in severe cold district to along with the great input of external thermal insulation building, formed a series of quality common faults, include: cracks of the external thermal insulation system of the external wall, hollowing, virtual sticking and falling of the external thermal insulation system of the external wall, frost return and condensation of the inner wall surface in winter, wall surface efflorescence of the external thermal insulation system of the external wall and the like. The existence of common quality problems can affect the beauty of the outer wall surface and the psychological feeling of residents, seriously affect the heat insulation performance of the outer heat insulation system and even cause safety accidents.

At present, in an external thermal insulation system of an external wall in a severe cold region, cracks are the most main and common quality problems, and the existence of the cracks can further cause other problems of hollowing, falling, water seepage and the like of the external thermal insulation system. After the external thermal insulation system of the external wall is cracked, the energy-saving thermal insulation effect of the external thermal insulation system can be influenced, the service life of a building can be influenced, and the appearance of the external wall surface can be influenced. Therefore, research on anti-cracking measures for strengthening the external thermal insulation system of the external wall has become a common concern in the building industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a construction method of an external thermal insulation key node of an external wall, which has the advantages of convenient construction, simple structure and safe structure, and can effectively save the construction period so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a construction method of an external thermal insulation key node of an external wall comprises the following steps: plinth, door and window openings, balconies, deformation joints, roof parapet walls, external decorative components, fireproof isolation belts and outer wall corners; by optimizing the construction of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall, the thermal insulation performance of the external thermal insulation structure of the external wall is improved.

Furthermore, the external wall external thermal insulation construction steps of the plinth node are as follows:

s1: directly paving the heat-insulating layer to a position 30cm away from the ground, and embedding the position below 30cm into the sealing paste by using a polyethylene foam plastic rod;

s2: a layer of mesh cloth is added outside the heat-insulating layer at the plinth part;

s3: a bracket is additionally arranged below the outer heat preservation system at the plinth part;

s4: setting the outer facing of the plinth part as a face brick;

s5: paving a gravel belt on the ground around the building;

s6: the starting end of the external heat insulation is provided with anti-collision treatment.

Furthermore, the door and window joint comprises a door and window hole, a door and window side opening, a window lower opening and a window upper opening; the external wall external heat insulation construction method of the door and window opening comprises the following steps:

s1: cutting the heat insulation plates around the door and window opening into a whole;

s2: the joints of the heat-insulation plates are at least 200mm away from the four corners of the opening, so that the joints of the heat-insulation plates cannot be positioned at the four corners of the door and window opening;

s3: after the heat insulation boards at the opening of the door and the window are adhered, adding alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth at the four corners of the opening along 45 degrees;

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the door and window side opening are as follows:

s1: before the external heat insulation system is adhered, the gap between the door and the window and the opening is subjected to heat insulation sealing treatment;

s2: adding expansion water-stopping sealing paste on the joint of the external thermal insulation system and the side edge of the door and window;

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the lower window are as follows:

s1: an aluminum alloy window board with a certain gradient is added at the upper part of the outer window board, a certain picking-out distance is arranged, and the lower part of the outer window board is provided with water drops;

s2: adopting sealing paste and silicone adhesive to carry out double waterproof sealing treatment between the window board and the window;

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the upper window are as follows:

the outer heat insulation structure gap plugging treatment of the upper window opening is consistent with that of the side window opening of the door, and a water dripping groove is formed.

Further, the balcony node comprises a closed balcony structure and an open balcony structure, wherein the outer wall external insulation construction of the closed balcony structure comprises the following steps:

s1: paving a metal window board covered with water drops at the lower opening of the balcony, and using asphalt or silicone as a substrate;

s2: a water dripping structure is arranged at the upper opening of the balcony;

s3: the coating mortar is compounded with glass fiber gridding cloth outside the heat preservation layer;

s4: pouring a seam at the joint of the window frame and the reinforced concrete structure by using foamed polyurethane, and plugging by using building sealant;

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the unsealed balcony structure are as follows:

s1: the lower opening of the balcony is paved with a metal window board covered with water drops, asphalt or silicone is used as a substrate, and the upper opening of the balcony is provided with a water dropping structure;

s2: the outer layer of the warm layer is coated with mortar and compounded with glass fiber gridding cloth;

s3: the joint of the window frame and the reinforced concrete structure is filled with foamed polyurethane and sealed by building sealant.

Furthermore, the deformation joint nodes comprise expansion joint flat joints, expansion joint corner joints, anti-seismic settlement joint flat joints, anti-seismic settlement joint corner joints, vertical joints and horizontal joints; the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the expansion joint flat joint are as follows:

s1: the width of the expansion joint is 35-50mm, an EPS board is fully filled in the expansion joint, and the gap of the heat-insulating board is sealed by sealing paste;

s2: the width of the expansion joint is less than 200mm, a foamed polyethylene heat-insulating strip with the thickness of 50-150mm is used in the expansion joint and is adhered to the walls at the two sides by glue, and the gap is covered by a 1.2-thick aluminum alloy plate or a 0.7-thick galvanized steel plate;

s3: the width of the expansion joint is more than 200mm, a phi 6 steel bar is used for hooking an EPS board in the expansion joint to be embedded into the base layer wall @600, and the gap is covered by a 1.2 thick aluminum alloy board or a 0.7 thick galvanized steel plate;

the external wall external heat insulation construction steps of the corner joint of the expansion joint are as follows:

adhering foamed polyethylene heat-insulating strips with the thickness of 50-150mm in the expansion joints to the walls on the two sides by using glue, and covering the gaps with 1.2 thick aluminum alloy plates or 0.7 thick galvanized steel plates;

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the anti-seismic settlement joint flush joint are as follows:

the deformation joints are filled with soft polyvinyl chloride foam plastics with the thickness of 50mm and are firmly adhered by asphalt, No. 24 galvanized iron sheets are fixed at the outer opening gaps, the end of the heat-insulation board is subjected to wrap angle treatment by using narrow standard mesh cloth, a layer of standard mesh cloth is added, and at least 100mm of lap joint is carried out;

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the corner joint of the anti-seismic settlement joint are as follows:

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the vertical joint are as follows: plugging seams with foamed polyethylene round bars or round bars, and caulking with building sealant;

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the horizontal joint external wall are as follows: the seam is plugged by a foamed polyethylene round bar or a round bar, the building sealant is used for caulking, or the expanded polyethylene heat-preservation bar is plugged and then sealed by a telescopic seam bar or a plastic separation bar.

Furthermore, the external wall external heat insulation construction steps of the roof parapet are as follows:

the heat-insulating layer of the inner side of the parapet wall is connected with the heat-insulating layer of the roof, the upper part of the parapet wall is pressed against the parapet wall by using a metal cover plate, the parapet wall is provided with a certain gradient from inside to outside, a nozzle convenient for dripping hawks is arranged, and the end of the heat-insulating plate is sealed and turned over.

Furthermore, the external decorative member node comprises an external overhanging member, a wall bushing, a rainwater pipe bracket, an external heat insulation system scaffold eye and an external heat insulation system decorative line;

the exterior wall external heat insulation construction method of the cantilever member comprises the following steps: the partition plates are subjected to heat preservation treatment and have a certain outward gradient, and additional grid cloth reinforcement is carried out at the corner part where the outer cantilever member is connected with the base layer wall;

the external wall external heat insulation construction steps of the wall bushing are as follows: the hole opening is designed to be inclined, and the root part is subjected to waterproof sealing treatment by adopting a flexible waterproof material; the outer heat insulation structure of the outer wall fixing piece is subjected to waterproof sealing treatment and is sealed by a flexible waterproof sealing material and a gasket annular ring;

the external wall external heat insulation construction steps of the rainwater pipe support are as follows: sealing an external heat insulation structure of the external wall fixing piece by adopting a flexible waterproof sealing material, and sealing by adding a gasket ring;

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external thermal insulation system scaffold eye are as follows: carrying out racking processing on scaffold holes of an external wall insulation system, then lapping the post-scaffold-hole supplementary gridding cloth and the large-area gridding cloth after the external wall insulation system is constructed, and then supplementing surface layer polymer anti-crack mortar;

the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external thermal insulation system moulding are as follows: the mesh cloth at the decorative line part of the external heat preservation system can not be broken, and a layer of mesh cloth is added, wherein the lap joint length of the mesh cloth is more than or equal to 100mm, and the mesh cloth is used for enhancing the crack resistance of the decorative line decorative layer.

Furthermore, the exterior wall external thermal insulation construction steps of the fireproof isolation belt are as follows:

s1: the width of the fireproof isolation belt is more than or equal to 300mm, and the thickness of the fireproof isolation belt is the same as that of the outer heat insulation system;

s2: the fireproof isolation belt is adhered to the whole area of the base wall body, and an anchor bolt is used for auxiliary fixation when necessary;

s3: the fireproof isolation belt is arranged at the upper part of the door and window opening, and the distance between the lower edge of the fireproof isolation belt and the upper edge of the door and window opening is not more than 500 mm;

s4: when the fireproof isolation belt is arranged on the upper edge of the door and window opening, the fireproof isolation belt on the upper portion of the door and window opening is subjected to turning treatment of the grid cloth during pasting, the distance between the turned glass fiber grid cloth and the edge of the fireproof isolation belt is larger than or equal to 100mm, and the thermal resistance of the fireproof isolation belt of the external wall external thermal insulation system in the severe cold region is larger than or equal to 50% of that of the external thermal insulation system.

Furthermore, the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall at the corner of the external wall are as follows:

s1: starting to paste corner heat-insulating boards at the elevation of +0.500m of the corner of the first floor of the building, and simultaneously, alternately, interlockingly and alternatively pasting the heat-insulating boards; when the large-area heat insulation boards are arranged, the heat insulation boards are arranged in a horizontal sequence, the heat insulation boards are adhered in a staggered manner from top to bottom, and the size of the heat insulation boards at the corners of the outer wall is smaller than 300 mm;

s2: the glass fiber gridding cloth at the corner of the outer wall is wound at the corner in two directions, the lap joint width is not less than 150mm, a layer of glass fiber gridding cloth is additionally paved at the corner, and a corner protection strip or a PVC corner protection net is additionally arranged between the two layers of gridding cloth.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the construction method of the key node for external thermal insulation of the external wall, provided by the invention, has the advantages of simple structure and definite stress, and effectively ensures the structural safety.

2. The construction method of the key node for external thermal insulation of the external wall provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and convenient construction process and no influence on the construction period.

3. The construction method of the key nodes for external thermal insulation of the external wall effectively strengthens the thermal insulation performance of the key nodes.

4. The construction method of the key node for external thermal insulation of the external wall provided by the invention is implemented by adding a design structure on the basis of a conventional construction method, and the increase of the construction cost is small.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the design of the heat-insulating structure at the plinth of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the design of the door/window opening heat-insulating structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the design of the external thermal insulation structure of the side opening of the door and window;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the design of the external thermal insulation structure of the lower window;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the design of the external thermal insulation structure of the upper window;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the closed balcony external insulation structure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an unclosed balcony external insulation structure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a heat preservation structure of a flat joint of an expansion joint in a deformation joint;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a heat insulation structure of an expansion joint corner joint in a deformation joint;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an external thermal insulation structure of a horizontal joint of an anti-seismic joint and a settlement joint in a deformation joint;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an external thermal insulation structure of an anti-seismic joint and a settlement joint corner joint in a deformation joint;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the external thermal insulation structure of the vertical joint of the deformation joint;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a horizontal external thermal insulation structure of a deformation joint;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a thermal insulation construction for a parapet of a roof;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the design of the external insulation structure of the cantilever member;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the design of the external insulation structure at the position of the wall bushing;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the design of the external thermal insulation structure at the storm drain support;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the design of the external insulation system at the eyes of the hands;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the structural design at the molding of the external insulation system;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the structural design of the fire barrier of the external insulation system;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the design of the heat insulation structure at the corner of the outer wall.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the invention: the construction method of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall is provided, and the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall comprises the following steps: plinth, door and window openings, balconies, deformation joints, roof parapet walls, external decorative components, fireproof isolation belts and outer wall corners; by optimizing the construction of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall, the thermal insulation performance of the external thermal insulation structure of the external wall is improved.

Referring to fig. 1, the external thermal insulation construction of the plinth node includes the following steps:

directly paving a heat-insulating layer (heat-insulating plate) to a position which is about 30cm away from the ground, embedding and filling a polyethylene foam plastic rod (plastic strip) and sealing paste at a position below 30cm (preventing an outer heat-insulating system from cracking at a plinth part), simultaneously adding a layer of gridding cloth (protecting the heat-insulating plate from collision) outside the heat-insulating layer at the plinth part, additionally arranging a bracket below the outer heat-insulating system at the plinth part, designing an outer facing of the plinth part into a face brick, paving a gravel belt on the ground around a building, arranging anti-collision treatment at the starting end of the outer heat-insulating layer and the like; the bracket is arranged to assist in supporting the weight of the heat insulation system and improve the stability of the whole heat insulation system; the plinth of the outer facing surface of the designed face brick is used for conveniently cleaning the surface fouling problem of the outer facing surface; the broken stone belt is arranged to reduce rainwater and rainwater splashed on the plinth from the eave.

In the embodiment, the waterproof layer is arranged on the external heat insulation system at the position 300mm above the ground and below the ground; the outer wall surface of the basement is preferably subjected to heat preservation treatment by adopting an XPS plate; adopting a facing brick outer facing at the plinth part, but adopting hydrophobic waterproof mortar at the part contacting with the ground to protect an outer heat insulation system; if the veneer layer of the plinth and the outer wall veneer layer are not on the same plane, attention must be paid to waterproofing treatment of a transition area; and paving a gravel belt on the ground around the building.

In the above embodiments, the bracket is generally arranged at the lower end of the external thermal insulation system about 30cm away from the ground, the specific size of the bracket is adapted to the thickness of the thermal insulation layer, the bracket of an external thermal insulation project should be the same type as much as possible, and the bracket mainly comprises the following materials: aluminum alloys, stainless steel, galvanized steel sheets, rigid plastics, and the like.

Referring to fig. 2, the external wall external thermal insulation construction of the door and window opening includes the following steps:

the external heat insulation structure at the door and window opening needs to pay attention to the plugging of cracks at the door and window opening, so that cold air permeation and formation of a heat bridge are avoided; the insulation boards around the opening can not be spliced and are cut and molded by using a whole insulation board;

secondly, the joint of the heat-insulation board should be at least 200mm away from the four corners of the opening, and meanwhile, the joint of the heat-insulation board is ensured not to be exactly positioned at the four corners of the door and window opening;

after the heat insulation boards at the door and window openings are adhered, the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is attached to the four corners of the openings along the 45-degree angle, so that cracks are prevented from appearing at the four corners of the door and window openings.

Referring to fig. 3, the exterior wall external thermal insulation construction of the door and window side opening includes the following steps:

the external heat insulation structure of the side opening of the door and window mainly considers the gap plugging between the opening and the window frame, and avoids water seepage and cold air seepage caused by the untight gap plugging;

secondly, before the external thermal insulation system is pasted, firstly, the gap between the door and the window and the opening is subjected to thermal insulation sealing treatment, so that thermal insulation breakpoints between the first external thermal insulation system and the door and the window are reduced as much as possible, and thus, a thermal bridge can be effectively avoided;

and finally, the door and window side opening is subjected to water seepage prevention structural treatment, and an expansion water stop sealing strip is added on a node between the external thermal insulation system and the door and window side edge, so that the waterproof performance of the node is improved.

Referring to fig. 4, the exterior wall external thermal insulation construction of the window lower opening includes the following steps:

the aluminum alloy windowsill board is additionally arranged at the upper part of the outer windowsill, has a certain gradient and a certain picking-out distance, and is provided with water drops at the lower part, so that the bearing capacity of the outer windowsill is improved, and the problem of water drainage can be solved;

secondly, double waterproof sealing treatment is carried out between the window board and the window by adopting sealing paste and silicone adhesive, so that the waterproof performance is improved; the rainwater can be effectively and directly guided to the ground by arranging the dripping water, and the rainwater is prevented from flowing down along the windowsill to pollute the outer wall surface.

Referring to fig. 5, the exterior wall external thermal insulation construction of the window upper opening includes the following steps:

the external heat preservation structure of the upper opening of the window is designed by paying attention to the gap plugging and the structure of dripping, and the gap plugging treatment is consistent with the side opening of the window; through certain drip structure, can guarantee to play fine dripping effect under the condition of a large amount of rainfall simultaneously when guaranteeing pleasing to the eye.

In the above embodiments, the balcony insulation structure for the exterior wall insulation system in the severe cold region is mainly classified into two types, i.e., a closed balcony and an unsealed balcony.

Referring to fig. 6, the external wall external thermal insulation construction of the closed balcony structure includes the following steps:

in the closed balcony in the external thermal insulation system of the external wall, when doors, windows and partition walls are not arranged between rooms and the balcony, attention should be paid to thermal insulation treatment of the parts of a breast board, a top board and a bottom board of the balcony, which are in contact with outdoor air, so that a thermal bridge is avoided, and attention should be paid to gap plugging between the balcony windows and the external wall; the structure design of the improved water drop and the window lower opening of the balcony by combining the water drop of the window upper opening and the window plate structure of the window lower opening is shown in figure 6;

in a closed balcony, when a door, a window and a partition wall are arranged between a room and the balcony, attention is paid to heat preservation of a breast board, a top board and a floor part of the balcony, which are in contact with outdoor air, and attention is paid to heat preservation of the inner ground and the ceiling of the balcony and seam plugging between the door, the window and the balcony partition wall while attention is paid to seam plugging between the balcony window and an outer wall, so that heat preservation treatment at the breast board is enhanced.

Referring to fig. 7, the external wall external insulation construction of the unsealed balcony structure includes the following steps:

in the design of the non-closed balcony structure of the external wall external heat insulation system in severe cold regions, the heat insulation and drainage treatment of the balcony is emphasized, and the method comprises the following steps of paying attention to the external heat insulation treatment of the top plate, the bottom plate and the breast board of the balcony in the non-closed balcony; water is dripped on the balcony top plate; the design of the drainage structure of the balcony floor (the design of a drainage pipe, a drainage gradient and the like); fixing balcony railing handrail, etc.

In the deformation joint of the external wall insulation system in severe cold areas, the external wall insulation boards are disconnected at the deformation joint, namely one insulation board cannot span the deformation joint, so that the insulation board is prevented from forming cracks at the deformation joint, the cracks are blocked, the insulation board or sealing paste is used for blocking, and then the deformation joint is covered by the metal cover plate. Wherein, the deformation joint node comprises an expansion joint flat joint, an expansion joint corner joint, an anti-seismic settlement joint flat joint, an anti-seismic settlement joint corner joint, a vertical joint and a horizontal joint.

Referring to fig. 8, the external thermal insulation construction of the external wall of the expansion joint flat joint comprises the following steps:

the width of the expansion joint is 35-50mm, an EPS board is fully filled in the expansion joint, and the gap of the heat-insulating board is sealed by sealing paste;

the width of the expansion joint is less than 200mm, a foamed polyethylene heat-insulating strip with the thickness of 50-150mm is used in the expansion joint and is adhered to the walls at the two sides by glue, and the gap is covered by a 1.2-thick aluminum alloy plate or a 0.7-thick galvanized steel plate;

the width of the expansion joint is more than 200mm, a phi 6 steel bar is used for hooking an EPS board in the expansion joint to be embedded into the base layer wall @600, and the gap is covered by a 1.2 thick aluminum alloy board or a 0.7 thick galvanized steel plate;

referring to fig. 9, the external thermal insulation construction of the corner joint of the expansion joint includes the following steps:

the expansion joint is internally adhered with foamed polyethylene heat-insulating strips with the thickness of 50-150mm by glue on the walls at the two sides, and the gap is covered with an aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 1.2 or a galvanized steel plate with the thickness of 0.7.

Referring to fig. 10, the exterior wall external thermal insulation construction of the anti-seismic settlement joint flush joint comprises the following steps:

the deformation joint is filled with soft polyvinyl chloride foam plastics with the thickness of 50mm, the soft polyvinyl chloride foam plastics are firmly adhered by asphalt, a No. 24 galvanized iron sheet is fixed at the outer opening gap, the end of the heat-insulation board is subjected to corner wrapping treatment by using narrow standard mesh cloth, a layer of standard mesh cloth is additionally arranged, and the joint is at least 100 mm.

Referring to fig. 11, the exterior wall external thermal insulation construction of the anti-seismic settlement joint corner joint comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 12, the external thermal insulation construction of the vertical joint for the external wall includes the following steps: the seams are filled by foamed polyethylene round bars or round bars, and the seams are embedded by building sealant.

Referring to fig. 13, the external thermal insulation construction of the horizontal joint for the external wall includes the following steps: the seam is plugged by a foamed polyethylene round bar or a round bar, the building sealant is used for caulking, or the expanded polyethylene heat-preservation bar is plugged and then sealed by a telescopic seam bar or a plastic separation bar.

Attention is paid to the external thermal insulation structure of the parapet of the external thermal insulation system of the external wall in the severe cold area: the inner side and the top of the parapet wall are designed to be heat-insulating, the parapet wall is designed to be waterproof, the water dripping structure at the top pressing position is designed, and the like.

Referring to fig. 14, the external thermal insulation construction of the parapet wall of the roof includes the following steps:

connecting the heat-insulating layer on the inner side of the parapet wall with the heat-insulating layer on the roof, and using a metal cover plate for top pressing on the upper part, wherein the metal cover plate has a certain gradient from inside to outside and is provided with an olecranon for convenient water dripping; the end of the heat-insulation board is sealed and turned over, so that the water seepage phenomenon of the parapet wall is avoided.

The external decorative component is mainly used for solving cracks, and preventing the root of the external decorative component from permeating and the external wall decorative line part from cracking; the external decorative component node comprises an external overhanging component, a wall bushing, a rainwater pipe support, an external heat insulation system scaffold eye and an external heat insulation system decorative line.

Referring to fig. 15, the exterior wall external thermal insulation construction of the cantilever member includes the following steps: the partition boards are all subjected to heat preservation treatment and have a certain outward gradient, and additional grid cloth reinforcement is carried out at the corner part where the outer cantilever member is connected with the base wall.

Referring to fig. 16, the external wall heat insulation construction of the wall bushing includes the following steps: the hole opening is designed to be inclined, and the root part is subjected to waterproof sealing treatment by adopting a flexible waterproof material; the outer heat insulation structure of the outer wall fixing piece is subjected to waterproof sealing treatment and is sealed by a flexible waterproof sealing material and a gasket annular ring.

Referring to fig. 17, the exterior wall external thermal insulation construction of the storm drain support comprises the following steps: the outer heat insulation structure of the outer wall fixing piece is sealed by adopting a flexible waterproof sealing material, and is sealed by adding a gasket ring.

Referring to fig. 18, the external thermal insulation construction of the external thermal insulation system scaffold eye comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out throwing racking treatment on the scaffold holes of the external wall insulation system, then lapping the post-scaffold-hole supplementary gridding cloth and the large-area gridding cloth after the construction of the external wall insulation system is finished, and then supplementing the surface polymer anti-crack mortar.

Referring to fig. 19, the external thermal insulation construction of the exterior wall of the exterior thermal insulation system molding includes the following steps: the mesh cloth at the decorative line part of the external heat preservation system can not be broken, and a layer of mesh cloth is added, wherein the lap joint length of the mesh cloth is more than or equal to 100mm, and the mesh cloth is used for enhancing the crack resistance of the decorative line decorative layer.

The fireproof isolation belt in the external thermal insulation system should meet the use requirements of thermal insulation, safety, fire resistance and durability.

Referring to fig. 20, the exterior wall external thermal insulation construction of the fireproof isolation strip includes the following steps:

firstly, the width of the fireproof isolation belt is more than or equal to 300mm, and the thickness of the fireproof isolation belt is the same as that of the outer heat insulation system;

secondly, the fireproof isolation belt is adhered to the whole area of the base wall body, and an anchor bolt is used for auxiliary fixation when necessary;

the fireproof isolation belt is arranged at the upper part of the door and window opening, and the distance between the lower edge of the fireproof isolation belt and the upper edge of the door and window opening is not more than 500 mm;

and finally, when the fireproof isolation belt is arranged on the upper edge of the door and window opening, the fireproof isolation belt on the upper part of the door and window opening is subjected to turning treatment of the gridding cloth during pasting, the distance between the turned glass fiber gridding cloth and the edge of the fireproof isolation belt is more than or equal to 100mm, and the thermal resistance of the fireproof isolation belt of the external wall external thermal insulation system in the severe cold region is more than or equal to 50% of that of the external thermal insulation system.

Referring to fig. 21, the external wall external insulation construction at the corner of the external wall should pay attention to the arrangement mode of the insulation boards, the paving of the grid cloth and the anti-collision design at the external corner of the external wall, and the concrete steps are as follows:

firstly, pasting corner insulation boards at the elevation of +0.500m of the corner of the first floor of the building, and simultaneously, pasting the insulation boards in a staggered manner by means of cross interlocking; when the large-area heat insulation boards are arranged, the heat insulation boards are arranged in a horizontal sequence, the heat insulation boards are adhered in a staggered manner from top to bottom, and the size of the heat insulation boards at the corners of the outer wall is smaller than 300 mm;

the glass fiber mesh cloth at the corner of the outer wall is wound at an angle in two directions, and the lap joint width is not less than 150 mm; laying a layer of glass fiber mesh cloth at the corner, and arranging a corner protection strip or a PVC corner protection net between the two layers of mesh cloth; therefore, the straight and attractive corner can be ensured, the strength of the part is improved, and the collision and damage are prevented.

In summary, the following steps: according to the construction method of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall, provided by the invention, solutions such as sealing paste is used for sealing joints of the thermal insulation key nodes after the joints are caulked by using thermal insulation materials, the end of the thermal insulation board of the key node is reinforced by adding grid cloth, the structure is provided with a drainage slope to prevent water stored on the thermal insulation material from being damaged, dripping water is arranged for rainwater diversion to prevent the thermal insulation board from being damaged, and a structure for isolating a thermal bridge is established are provided, so that the problems of damage, cracking, hollowing and the like of the key thermal insulation board at the joints of the external thermal insulation system of the external wall in a severe cold area are effectively solved.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method of an external thermal insulation key node of an external wall is characterized in that the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall comprises the following steps: plinth, door and window openings, balconies, deformation joints, roof parapet walls, external decorative components, fireproof isolation belts and outer wall corners; by optimizing the construction of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall, the thermal insulation performance of the external thermal insulation structure of the external wall is improved.

2. The construction method of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the external wall external heat insulation construction of the plinth node comprises the following steps:

s4: setting the outer facing of the plinth part as a face brick;

s5: paving a gravel belt on the ground around the building;

3. The construction method of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the door and window opening node comprises a door and window opening, a door and window side opening, a window lower opening and a window upper opening; the external wall external heat insulation construction method of the door and window opening comprises the following steps:

4. The construction method of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the balcony node comprises a closed balcony structure and an unsealed balcony structure, wherein the external wall external heat insulation construction steps of the closed balcony structure are as follows:

s2: a water dripping structure is arranged at the upper opening of the balcony;

5. The construction method of the key node for external thermal insulation of the external wall according to claim 1, wherein the deformation joint nodes comprise an expansion joint flat joint, an expansion joint corner joint, an anti-seismic settlement joint flat joint, an anti-seismic settlement joint corner joint, a vertical joint and a horizontal joint; the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the expansion joint flat joint are as follows:

6. The construction method of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall according to claim 1, wherein the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the parapet of the roof are as follows:

7. The construction method of the key node of the external thermal insulation of the external wall according to claim 1, wherein the node of the external decorative member comprises an external overhanging member, a wall bushing, a rainwater pipe bracket, an external thermal insulation system scaffold eye and an external thermal insulation system decorative line;

8. The construction method of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall according to claim 1, wherein the external thermal insulation construction steps of the external wall of the fireproof isolation belt are as follows:

9. The construction method of the external thermal insulation key node of the external wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the external thermal insulation construction steps at the corners of the external wall are as follows: