Dyeing method of ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber and product thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dyeing of ultra-high modulus polyethylene fibers, in particular to a dyeing method of ultra-high modulus polyethylene fibers and a product thereof.
Background
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), is polyethylene having a relative molecular weight of more than 150 ten thousand. The ultra-high modulus polyethylene has excellent functions such as abrasion resistance, excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, no water absorption and excellent impact resistance. However, due to the easy crystallization orientation, the symmetrical structure and the inactive group of the molecular structure of the UHMWPE, the UHMWPE has extremely high surface inertia, extremely low surface energy and low chemical activity, so that the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene cannot be effectively dyed according to the traditional dyeing and finishing process.
There are generally several main types of methods for improving the dyeability of UHMWPE:
modifying the surface of UHMWPE (ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene) to increase polar groups on the surface (for example, in the patent technology with the publication number of CN103074786A, the surface of a fiber is modified by adopting a method of a strong oxidant, the strong oxidant is a substance with strong oxidizing property such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, potassium permanganate, and the like, and after treatment by an oxidant, a certain number of polar groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl are formed on the surface of the fiber, so that dye molecules have certain affinity to the fiber, and the dye uptake and fastness are improved);
directly dyeing UHMWPE fibers by a conventional dyeing method;
dyeing is realized by a stock solution dyeing method of UHMWPE fibers or a method for preparing color master batches for melt spinning (for example, the patent technology with the application number of CN200810014184.1, the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of (1) swelling and dissolving raw materials to prepare spinning stock solution, (2) preparing jelly silk, (3) extracting the jelly silk, (4) spinning and drying, and (5) post-drafting and winding to prepare colored high-strength polyethylene fibers).
The surface modification method has the disadvantages of damaging the mechanical property of UHMWPE, complex process and high equipment cost. Although the conventional dyeing method is convenient in process, the UHMWPE has poor heat resistance and has poor dyeing effect due to no polar group on the surface. The stock solution dyeing or the melt spinning method dyeing by preparing the color master batch has good dyeing effect, but the micromolecule dye and fiber molecules are easy to migrate to the surface of the fiber when flowing through a spinning opening due to low fastness of combination.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems and the defects existing in the field, the invention provides a method for dyeing ultra-high modulus polyethylene fibers, which utilizes the affinity of long-chain alkyl with specific length to the polyethylene fibers, the chemical reaction between aqueous hydroxyl acrylate emulsion, isocyanate curing agent and amino and/or hydroxyl-containing dye, introduces long alkyl chain and dye through chemical bonds, realizes the high-efficiency dyeing of UHMWPE, and the preparation process is easy to realize and does not influence the performance of UHMWPE fibers.
A method of dyeing ultra-high modulus polyethylene fibers comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing and stirring 100 parts by weight of water-based hydroxyl acrylate resin emulsion containing saturated long-chain alkyl acrylate, 0.1-1 part by weight of dye containing hydroxyl and/or amino and 5-30 parts by weight of isocyanate curing agent to form glue solution, and adding the glue solution into a glue tank of a gluing machine;
(2) and (3) after the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof is subjected to gum dipping and gum extrusion by the gluing machine, heating and curing at the temperature of not more than 80 ℃ to finish coloring of the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof.
The invention takes the water-based hydroxy acrylate resin emulsion containing saturated long-chain alkyl acrylate with specific length as a component A, takes the dye containing amino and/or hydroxyl as a component B, takes the isocyanate curing agent as a component C, and evenly mixes the A, B, C components according to the specific formula amount to obtain glue solution, and the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof is heated and cured at the temperature of not more than 80 ℃ after being dipped and extruded by a gluing machine to finish the coloring of the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof, without causing thermal damage to the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber.
The invention creatively takes the reactive dye containing amino and/or hydroxyl as the component of the glue solution, and bonds the reactive dye into the glue solution of the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber through a chemical bond, thereby realizing the firm coloring of the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber, and having simple process and high color fastness. In addition, the dyeing method has lower heating and curing temperature, is very suitable for UHMWPE with poor heat resistance, and cannot damage the UHMWPE.
Preferably, in the step (1), the saturated long-chain alkyl acrylate is used in an amount of 5 parts by weight, wherein the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl is 12-34, which is beneficial to better dyeing and prevention of damage to UHMWPE.
Preferably, in the step (1), the hydroxyl content of the aqueous hydroxy acrylate resin emulsion is 1.8-3.3 wt%, which is beneficial to better dyeing and damage to UHMWPE is avoided.
Preferably, in the step (1), the solid content of the aqueous hydroxy acrylate resin emulsion is 40-45 wt%, which is beneficial to better dyeing and avoiding damage to UHMWPE.
In the step (1), the isocyanate curing agent is preferably an aliphatic isocyanate curing agent, which is beneficial to better dyeing and avoids damage to UHMWPE.
Preferably, in the step (1), the rotation speed of mixing and stirring is 500-700 rpm, which is beneficial to better dyeing and avoiding damage to UHMWPE.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mixing and stirring time is 5-15 min, which is beneficial to better dyeing and avoiding damage to UHMWPE.
Preferably, in the step (2), the heating and curing time is 15-25 min, which is beneficial to better dyeing and avoiding damage to UHMWPE.
The invention also provides the ultra-high modulus polyethylene dyed fiber or the product thereof prepared by the dyeing method. The dyeing method has the advantages of simple process, low heating and curing temperature, no thermal damage to the UHMWPE, firm coloring of the obtained ultra-high modulus polyethylene dyed fiber or the product thereof, high color fastness and original performance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main advantages that:
1. the alkyl chain with a specific length is introduced by a chemical method, so that the excellent wettability and softness of the dye on the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber are realized.
2. The dye is used as one of the glue solution reaction components, and is introduced by a chemical method, so that the coloring is firmer, and the defect of a free coloring agent is overcome.
3. The heating and curing temperature required by coloring is low and is not more than 80 ℃, and the ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fiber can not be thermally damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a process for dyeing ultra-high modulus polyethylene fibers in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a thermogravimetric plot of the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber after dyeing of example 1 and as such (undyed ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber);
figure 3 is a thermogravimetric plot of the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber after dyeing and as received (undyed ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber) of comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The following examples are conducted under conditions not specified, usually according to conventional conditions, or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
As shown in fig. 1, the dyeing method of ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber of the present invention comprises:
(1) 100 weight portions of water-based hydroxyl acrylate resin emulsion containing saturated long-chain alkyl acrylate, 0.1 to 1 weight portion of dye containing hydroxyl and/or amino and 5 to 30 weight portions of isocyanate curing agent are mixed and stirred to form dyeing glue solution, and the dyeing glue solution is added into a glue tank of a gluing machine.
The saturated long-chain alkyl acrylate is used in an amount of 5 parts by weight, wherein the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is 12-34.
The hydroxyl content of the aqueous hydroxyl acrylate resin emulsion is 1.8-3.3 wt%, and the solid content is 40-45 wt%.
The isocyanate curing agent is preferably an aliphatic isocyanate curing agent.
The mixing and stirring speed is 500-700 r/min, and the time is 5-15 min.
(2) And (2) after the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof is subjected to gum dipping (dipping) and gum extrusion by the gluing machine, heating and curing at the temperature of not more than 80 ℃ to finish coloring of the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof, so as to obtain the dyed fiber or the product thereof.
The heating and curing time is 15-25 min.
The dye and the isocyanate curing agent in the invention can adopt commercial products.
Example 1
A dyeing method of ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber adopts a chemical bonding method, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) 100 g of waterborne hydroxyl acrylate resin emulsion (the hydroxyl content is 3.3wt percent, and the solid content is 42wt percent) containing 5 g of hexadecyl acrylate, 0.1 g of reactive brilliant blue KN-R type reactive dye and 25 g of Bayer 2655 isocyanate curing agent are added into a reaction bottle, stirred at high speed of 700rpm for 10 minutes to form dyeing glue solution, and then added into a glue tank of a gluing machine;
(2) after the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof is subjected to gum dipping and squeezing by a gluing machine, the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof is heated to 80 ℃ and cured for 20 minutes, and then the coloring of the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof is completed.
The color of the dyed fiber is blue. The tensile breaking strength of 200 undyed ultrahigh-modulus polyethylene fibers is 44.5N, the tensile breaking strength after dyeing is 52.0N, the dry rubbing fastness is 4-5 grade, the wet rubbing fastness is 5 grade, and the water fastness is 4-5 grade. Example 1 the thermogravimetric curves of the dyed ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fiber and as-received (undyed ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fiber) are shown in figure 2. Example 1 the initial thermal decomposition temperature of the sample and the virgin sample were 250 c and both maintained consistent thermal stability until 300 c, indicating that the dyeing method of the present invention did not thermally damage the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber itself.
Comparative example 1
(1) Adding 100 g of water-based hydroxyl acrylate resin emulsion (the hydroxyl content is 1.8wt percent, and the solid content is 42wt percent) containing 5 g of octadecyl acrylate, 0.1 g of active black KN-B type dye and 25 g of cyante company cymel325 amino resin curing agent into a reaction bottle, stirring at a high speed of 700rpm for 10 minutes to form glue solution, and adding the glue solution into a glue tank of a gluing machine;
(2) after the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof is subjected to gum dipping and gum extrusion by a gluing machine, the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof is heated to 130 ℃ and cured for 30 minutes, and then the coloring of the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber or the product thereof is completed.
The color of the dyed fiber is black. The tensile breaking strength of 200 undyed ultrahigh-modulus polyethylene fibers is 44.5N, the tensile breaking strength after dyeing is 52.0N, the dry rubbing fastness is 4-5 grade, the wet rubbing fastness is 5 grade, and the water fastness is 4-5 grade. Comparative example 1 the thermogravimetric curves of the dyed ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fiber and as-is (undyed ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fiber) are shown in figure 3. The initial thermal decomposition temperature of the comparative example 1 sample was 175 ℃, which is much lower than the initial thermal decomposition temperature of the as-received and example 1 samples, and the comparative example 1 sample could only maintain thermal stability consistent with the high modulus polyethylene fiber as-received until 175 ℃.
As can be seen from the comparison between example 1 and comparative example 1, which uses different curing agents and is cured by heating at a higher temperature suitable for the curing agents, achieves mechanical properties and coloring effects equivalent to those of example 1, but causes great thermal damage to the ultra-high modulus polyethylene fibers themselves.
Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the above description of the present invention, and equivalents also fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.