CN113234050B - Antibacterial compound, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Antibacterial compound, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113234050B CN113234050B CN202110507249.1A CN202110507249A CN113234050B CN 113234050 B CN113234050 B CN 113234050B CN 202110507249 A CN202110507249 A CN 202110507249A CN 113234050 B CN113234050 B CN 113234050B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/76—Benzo[c]pyrans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/76—Esters of carboxylic acids having a carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C69/84—Esters of carboxylic acids having a carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring of monocyclic hydroxy carboxylic acids, the hydroxy groups and the carboxyl groups of which are bound to carbon atoms of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/02—Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/06—Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms containing a six-membered hetero ring, e.g. fluorescein
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/62—Carboxylic acid esters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to an antibacterial compound, a preparation method and application thereof. The invention performs co-culture fermentation on penicillium and ochratoxin so as to obtain abundant secondary metabolites. The new compounds 1-3 are isolated from fermentation metabolites of the strains. Escherichia coli, salmonella, staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus aureus are selected to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the compound. Compounds 1-3 were found to inhibit Salmonella growth dose-dependently. The compound 1 can be expected to be developed into an antibacterial drug. The inhibitory rate of the compound 1 was 49.24% at a inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 128. mu.g/mL; the bacteriostasis rate of the compound 2 is 32.16 percent when the bacteriostasis concentration (MIC) is 128 mug/mL; the inhibitory rate of compound 3 at a inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 128. mu.g/mL was 35.14%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to an antibacterial compound, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Salmonella (Salmonella) is a common food-borne pathogen of the Enterobacteriaceae family, the gram-negative Enterobacter species. Feces from people infected with salmonella or carriers contaminate food and can cause food poisoning. Eggs, poultry and meat products are the main transmission vector of salmonellosis, and infections are mainly dependent on the serotype of salmonella and the physical condition of the eater, and are most threatened by infants, the elderly and immunodeficient individuals. According to statistics, in bacterial food poisoning of various countries in the world, food poisoning caused by salmonella is often listed as the head. Salmonella is also the first place in inland areas of China. Food poisoning symptoms caused by salmonella generally occur within 12-14 hours, with some incubation periods being longer. Salmonella infection often includes diarrhea and abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and other symptoms. Infants, the elderly and immunocompromised people may develop life-threatening bacteremia due to salmonella entering the blood, and a few may also have meningitis or osteomyelitis.
Over the last century, a large number of natural products with unique structures are found in terrestrial fungi, wherein the application of penicillin marks the beginning of the antibiotic era, and other terrestrial fungi metabolites such as cyclosporine and griseofulvin also have important medicinal values, which indicates that the microbial active metabolites become important resources for drug development. To date, over 5 million natural products have been found from microorganisms, of which about 1 million have better biological activity and about 8000 have been developed into antibacterial and antitumor drugs. According to incomplete statistics, over a hundred natural products produced directly by microorganisms have been used in clinical antibiotics, antitumor agents and pesticides. Worldwide annual antibiotic production exceeds 10 million tons and the value exceeds 50 billion dollars. Therefore, the importance of the active natural product from the microorganism to the research and development of the antibacterial drugs can be seen. The phenomena of competition, antagonism, symbiosis and synergy among different microorganisms in natural ecological environment are very common. Under normal culture conditions, biosynthetic gene clusters of a single microorganism are usually silent and unable to be transcribed. The metabolic enzymes produced by the co-cultured microorganisms during the growth and metabolism process act synergistically to convert one substrate into another. Through the methods of co-culture of fungi with different sources, addition of a proper enzyme inhibitor and the like, silent gene clusters can be effectively activated, and the mutual synergistic action of biological metabolic enzymes is promoted, so that abundant secondary metabolites are generated. Therefore, the co-culture method is adopted, the culture conditions are optimized, secondary metabolites with biological activity are excavated from the fungal fermentation products, and the method has extremely important significance for screening and researching novel antibacterial drugs and treating related diseases such as bacterial infection.
The prior art has the following disadvantages:
1. in past research, the extraction and separation of secondary metabolites from plants was the main means to find bioactive lead compounds. However, the growth cycle of the plants is relatively fixed and is influenced by seasons, climate, soil and other aspects, and the diversity and reproducibility of the products are poor; the content of compounds with better biological activity in some plants is very little, and the long-term development and utilization easily cause resource shortage and even exhaustion. And the plant growth period is long, so that the period for obtaining the target product is long.
2. The existing antibiotics can not shorten the course of disease of a patient infected with salmonella, and can promote imbalance of intestinal flora of the patient to generate drug-resistant strains, so that the bacteria discharge time of the patient is prolonged, and the symptoms of related diseases of the patient are aggravated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an antibacterial compound, a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at solving part of problems in the prior art or at least alleviating part of problems in the prior art.
The invention is realized by that, the antibacterial compound has a structural formula of any one of three compounds as follows:
the invention also provides application of the antibacterial compound in preparing a medicament for resisting at least one of escherichia coli, salmonella, staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus aureus.
Further, the medicine also comprises pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials.
Furthermore, the dosage form of the medicine comprises any one of injection, powder injection, oral agent, spray, capsule and liniment.
The invention also provides application of the antibacterial compound in resisting at least one of escherichia coli, salmonella, staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus aureus.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the antibacterial compound, which comprises the following steps: culturing Penicillium sp.HUBU0120 (preserved at 2021.4.19 days to China center for type culture Collection, China, Wuhan; preservation number: CCTCC M2021412, named Penicillium sp.) and Aspergillus ochraceus in a culture medium added with a histone deacetylase inhibitor, fermenting, leaching the fermentation broth with ethanol, recovering the solvent from the extractive solution under reduced pressure to obtain a crude extract, sequentially adding ethyl acetate with the same volume: water and petroleum ether: extracting with 95% methanol, and recovering solvent from 95% methanol extraction part to obtain extract;
mixing the extract with reverse phase silica gel, performing medium pressure reverse phase chromatography, performing gradient elution with methanol-water, detecting by TLC, mixing the same components to obtain 7 fractions named as Fr.1-Fr.7;
repeatedly subjecting the component Fr.3 to normal phase silica gel chromatography, reverse phase silica gel chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column, and performing high performance liquid chromatography to obtain antibacterial compounds 1 and 2 by using reverse phase chromatography column and normal phase chromatography column;
repeatedly passing the component Fr.4 through normal phase silica gel chromatography, reverse phase silica gel chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column to obtain components Fr.4.1 and Fr.4.2; the component Fr.4.1 is subjected to high performance liquid chromatography, reversed phase chromatographic column and chiral chromatographic column to obtain the antibacterial compound 3.
Further, the histone deacetylase inhibitor comprises fatty acids, hydroxamates, cyclic peptides and benzamides; the invention adopts the histone deacetylase inhibitor as the nicotinamide of the benzamide.
Further, the culture medium added with the histone deacetylase inhibitor is a PDA culture medium; the culture medium for fermentation is a mixed culture medium of rice and water.
Further, when the extract is treated by medium pressure reverse phase chromatography, the ratio of methanol: the range of water is 10:90-0: 100.
Further, when the reversed phase chromatographic column is used for treatment, the mobile phase is methanol and water, wherein the ratio of the mobile phase to the water is 55:45, and the concentration is 2 ml/min; when normal-phase chromatographic column treatment is carried out, the mobile phase is n-hexane, i.e. isopropanol (93: 7) and the concentration is 2ml/min, so as to obtain the antibacterial compound 1;
when the reversed phase chromatographic column is used for treatment, the mobile phase is methanol and water, wherein the ratio of the mobile phase to the water is 55:45, and the concentration is 2 ml/min; when the normal-phase chromatographic column is used for treatment, the mobile phase is n-hexane, namely isopropanol (83: 17), and the concentration is 2ml/min, so that the antibacterial compound 2 is obtained;
when the reversed phase chromatographic column is used for treatment, the mobile phase is methanol and water with the ratio of 60:40 and the concentration of 2 ml/min; when the chiral chromatographic column is used for treatment, an IC column is used, and the mobile phase is methanol and water, wherein the ratio of methanol to water is 55:45, and the concentration is 1 ml/min; antibacterial compound 3 is obtained.
Penicillium sp.hubufen0 belongs to the family eurotiaceae, and secondary metabolites are abundant and diverse in species, such as isocoumarin compounds, terpenoids, and the like. Aspergillus ochraceus (Aspergillus ochraceus) belongs to Aspergillus of the family Tricholomataceae and is a fungus with extremely strong spore-forming capability. Aspergillus ochraceus contains abundant secondary metabolites including isocoumarin, coumarin and terpenoids. Modern pharmacological research shows that isocoumarin compounds generally have various physiological and biological activities such as antibiosis, antiphlogosis, anticancer, protease inhibition and the like, and terpenoid compounds generally have various pharmacological activities such as antibiosis, antiphlogosis, antitumor, antioxidation and the like.
According to the invention, an enzyme inhibitor is added to co-culture penicillium from west Kunming mountain and aspergillus ochraceus from deep sea of Pacific ocean, and 3 new compounds are separated and identified. The structural formula of the compound is shown as a formula (I).
Gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli and salmonella) and gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus aureus) are selected as research objects, and the antibacterial activity of the compound is evaluated by adopting a trace broth dilution method. Analysis of bacteriostatic test data shows that the compound 1 has a certain inhibitory effect on four bacteria, and can inhibit the growth of salmonella in a dose-dependent manner, which shows that the compound has a better anti-salmonella effect. Compound 1 had a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 128. mu.g/mL and would be expected to develop an anti-Salmonella drug.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are:
1. activating silent gene clusters of microbial biosynthesis to promote the expression of biological metabolic enzymes by means of co-culture of terrestrial-derived strains and marine-derived strains, addition of enzyme inhibitors to optimize culture conditions and the like, so as to obtain novel secondary metabolites;
2. pharmacological activity experiment results show that the novel compound 1 provided by the invention can obviously inhibit the growth of salmonella, has antibacterial activity and can be expected to be developed into a medicine for resisting salmonella infection;
3. the invention can realize infinite amplification fermentation only by resuscitating and subculturing the frozen strains according to an experimental scheme, and can regulate the yield of the compound by regulating the quantity of the fermentation product to obtain the target compound with antibacterial activity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a phylogenetic tree of Penicillium sp.
FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) structural diagram of Compound 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing experimental values to calculated values for Electronic Circular Dichroism (ECD) of Compound 2;
fig. 4 is a mass spectrometric analysis of Penicillium sp.hubuf 0 cultured alone under PDA medium conditions without histone deacetylase inhibitor addition;
FIG. 5 is a mass spectrometric analysis of a co-culture of Penicillium sp.HUBU0120 and Aspergillus ochracea under PDA medium without addition of the histone deacetylase inhibitor nicotinamide;
FIG. 6 is a mass spectrometric analysis of a co-culture of Penicillium sp.HUBU0120 and Aspergillus ochracea under PDA medium supplemented with the histone deacetylase inhibitor nicotinamide;
FIG. 7 is the inhibitory effect of Compound 1 on bacterial growth.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, and the equipment and reagents used in the examples and test examples are commercially available without specific reference. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.
Various modifications to the precise description of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the information contained herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the procedures, properties, or components defined, as these embodiments, as well as others described, are intended to be merely illustrative of particular aspects of the invention. Indeed, various modifications of the embodiments of the invention which are obvious to those skilled in the art or related fields are intended to be covered by the scope of the appended claims.
For a better understanding of the invention, and not as a limitation on the scope thereof, all numbers expressing quantities, percentages, and other numerical values used in this application are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Accordingly, unless expressly indicated otherwise, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained. At the very least, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. In the present invention, "about" means within 10%, preferably within 5% of a given value or range.
The normal temperature in the following embodiments of the present invention refers to a natural room temperature condition in four seasons, and is not subjected to additional cooling or heating treatment, and is generally controlled at 10 to 30 ℃, preferably 15 to 25 ℃.
The invention discloses an antibacterial compound, a preparation method and an application thereof, and the penicillium related in the invention is separated from the soil of Xishan Qumining, the GenBank number: MW463395.1, now deposited at the collection of microorganisms of the institute of life sciences, university, north of hu, under the accession number: HUBU0120, strain designated Penicillium sp. Meanwhile, the culture has been deposited to the China center for type culture Collection at 2021.4.19, address: china, Wuhan; the preservation number is: CCTCC M2021412, entitled Pennicillium sp. Strain DNA was extracted by the conventional CTAB method, and the fungal Internal Transcriptional Spacer (ITS) was amplified by PCR using primers ITS1(5'-TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG-3') and ITS4(5 '-TCCTCCGCTT-TTGATATGC-3'). And (3) sequencing after purifying the PCR product, wherein the sequencing result is as follows: AAAAAAAACAAAGGAAGGCCTCTGGGGCCAACCTCCCACCCGTGTTTATTTTACCTTGTTGCTTCGGCGGGCCCGCCTTAACTGGCCGCCGGGGGGCTTACGCCCCCGGGCCCGCGCCCGCCGAAGACACCCTCTAACTCTGTCTGAAGATTGTAGTCTGAGTGAAAATATAAATTATTTAAAACTTTCAACAACGGATCTCTTGGTTCCGGCATCGATGAAGAACGCAGCGAAATGCGATACGTAATGTGAATTGCAAATTCAGTGAATCATCGAGTCTTTGAACGCCCATTGCGCCCCCTGGTATTCCGGGGGGCATGCCTGTCCGAGCGTCATTTCTGCCCTCAAGCACGGGTTGTGTGTTGGGCCCCGTCCTCCGATCCCGGGGGACGGGCCCGAAAGGCACCGGCGGCACCGCGTCCGGTCCTCGAGCGTATGGGGCTTTGTCACCCGCTCTGTAGGCCCGGCCGGCGCTTGCCGATCAACCCAAATTTTTATCCAGGTTGACCTCGGATCAGGTAGGGATACCCGCTGAACTTAAGCATATCAATAAGCGGAGGAAT are provided. The sequencing sequence was uploaded to the NCBI database and GenBank accession No. MW463395.1 was obtained. Fungal gene sequences were analyzed by alignment using the Blast engine built into NCBI. And performing clustering analysis on the Blast comparison result by using MEGA7.0 software and adopting a Bootstrap method, wherein the repeated calculation times are set as 1000 times. A phylogenetic tree is constructed based on a Neighbor-Joining (N-J) method in MEGA7.0 software, and the obtained strain is closest to the relative relationship of Penicillium rubens, as shown in FIG. 1. The biological characteristics of the strain are as follows: the bacterial colony is dark brown, flocculent and light brown on the reverse side after the bacterial strain is cultured on a PDA plate for 7 days; conidiophore head is spherical or radial, the diameter of the sporophore stem is 3-7 micrometers, the conidiophore head is brown, the wall is smooth, the apical sac is nearly spherical, the diameter is 7-9 micrometers, the conidiophore head is brown, the conidiophore head is double-layer, the conidiophore head is spherical, the diameter is 3.5-4.5 micrometers, the wall is rough, and the conidiophore head is thorn and brown.
Aspergillus ochraceus is derived from deep seawater of the Pacific ocean, has the name of Aspergillus ochraceus, is shared by China center for culture collection of marine microorganisms, and has the following preservation number: MCCC 3A00521, which is available to the public by contacting China center for culture Collection of marine microorganisms. The details are shown in the following examples.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of antibacterial Compounds
1. Fermentation and extraction
Penicillium and Aspergillus ochraceus stored at 4 ℃ were inoculated at a ratio of 5:1 into a potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) sterilized at high temperature and supplemented with a histone deacetylase inhibitor (in this example, 0.08mg/mL of the histone deacetylase inhibitor nicotinamide) and activated for 7 days in a 28 ℃ incubator to serve as a seed plate. Mixing 30.0kg rice with water at a ratio of 1:1, sterilizing at 121 deg.C under 15psi for 30 min, cooling to room temperature, inoculating seed plate, sealing with sterile sealing film, culturing at constant temperature of 25 deg.C, fermenting for 28 days, and adding ethyl acetate to terminate the fermentation. The fermented product is extracted by cold soaking with 60 liters of 95 percent ethanol, the solvent is recovered from the extracting solution under reduced pressure to obtain 600g of crude extract, and then the crude extract is sequentially extracted by using equal volume of ethyl acetate: water and petroleum ether: extracting with 95% methanol, and recovering solvent from 95% methanol extraction part to obtain 80g extract.
2. Separation of
Mixing 80g of methanol part extract with reverse phase silica gel, and performing medium pressure reverse phase chromatography with methanol: after gradient elution with 10:90-0:100 water, TLC detection and combination of the same fractions yielded 7 fractions a-G (fr.1-fr.7).
The component fr.3 is repeatedly subjected to normal phase silica gel chromatography, reverse phase silica gel chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column, and finally subjected to high performance liquid chromatography, and the new compound 1 is prepared by using reverse phase chromatography column (mobile phase: methanol: water: 55:45,2ml/min) and normal phase chromatography column (mobile phase: n-hexane: isopropanol: 93:7,2 ml/min). The new compound 2 was prepared using a reverse phase chromatography column (mobile phase: methanol: water: 55:45,2ml/min) and a normal phase chromatography column (mobile phase: n-hexane: isopropanol: 83:17,2 ml/min).
The component Fr.4 is repeatedly subjected to normal phase silica gel chromatography, reverse phase silica gel chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column to obtain components Fr.4.1 and Fr.4.2. Component fr.4.1 was purified by high performance liquid chromatography using reverse phase chromatography (mobile phase: methanol: water: 60:40,2ml/min) and chiral chromatography (IC column, mobile phase: methanol: water: 55:45,1ml/min) to afford compound 3.
EXAMPLE 2 structural characterization of the Compounds
The absolute configuration of the compound 1-3 was obtained by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), ECD calculation and X-ray single crystal diffraction (XRD) methods.
1. Physical and chemical data
(+) -penisorin a (compound 1): yellow needle crystals; HRESIMS [ M + H ]]+m/z 231.0316 (calculated value C)10H8NaO5,231.0269)；
ECD(MeOH)λ(Δε)257(+3.48)；217(-11.05)nm；UV(CH3OH)λmax(logε)＝334(3.89),261(4.08),224(4.62)nm；IR(KBr)νmax 3383,2984,2934,1672,1505,1456,1384cm–1；1H and13c NMR data, see Table 1.
(-) -penisiorin A (Compound 2): yellow needle crystals; HRESIMS [ M + Na ]]+m/z 231.0310 (calculated value C)10H8NaO5,231.0269)；
ECD(MeOH)λ(Δε)262(-2.06)；218(+3.70)nm；1H and13the C NMR data, UV data and IR data were the same as for Compound 1.
Peniforphenol a (compound 3): brown needle-like crystals; HRESIMS [ M + H ]]+m/z 287.1255 (calculated value C)15H20NaO4,287.1259)；
UV(CH3OH)λmax(logε)＝339(4.12),270(4.54),216(4.73)nm；IR(KBr)νmax 3383,2965,2874,1712,1612,1429,1384cm–1；1H and13c NMR data, see Table 1.
Table 1.1H NMR data for compounds 1/2,and 3(400MHz,J in Hz).
a Measured in CD3OD；b Measured in CDCl3
2. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was determined by X-Ray analysis of the copper target for compound 1, see figure 2.
3. The absolute configuration of compound 2 was confirmed by the method of ECD calculation. The experimental measured Cotton effect of ECD (electron circular dichroism) was matched with the calculated value, as shown in fig. 3.
The resulting compounds 1-3 were finally determined to have the formula (I):
example 3 Co-culture and optimization of culture Condition strategy
The co-culture is to inoculate two or more fungi or bacteria at the same time, so that symbiosis, antagonism and other effects occur between the fungi or bacteria, and the expression of 'silent genes' is induced, and secondary metabolites with different structural types are obtained. The target product with biological activity is obtained from a single strain by activating the silent gene by optimizing the culture conditions, such as the type of culture medium, pH, culture temperature, adding enzyme inhibitor and the like. According to the invention, epigenetic regulation and control are carried out on the biosynthesis genes of strains by methods of co-culture and enzyme inhibitor addition, and finally, the effect on the production of a new compound (compound 1-3) is relatively large by a method of co-culture (5: 1) of penicillium and aspergillus ochraceus by adding a histone deacetylase inhibitor nicotinamide.
A small amount of Penicillium fungi incubated separately in normal PDA medium without histone deacetylase inhibitor was taken, dissolved in chromatographic methanol, filtered through a needle-type organic filter, and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (Finnigan LCQ HPLC/MS) to obtain the spectrum shown in FIG. 4.
Taking a small amount of penicillium and aspergillus ochraceus incubated together under the condition of PDA culture medium without histone deacetylase inhibitor nicotinamide, dissolving the penicillium and aspergillus ochraceus with chromatographic methanol, filtering by using a needle type organic filter head, and analyzing by using a liquid chromatography mass spectrometer (Finnigan LCQ HPLC/MS) to obtain a spectrum shown in figure 5.
Taking a small amount of penicillium and aspergillus ochraceus which are incubated together under the condition of PDA culture medium added with histone deacetylase inhibitor nicotinamide, dissolving the penicillium and the aspergillus ochraceus with chromatographic methanol, filtering by using a needle type organic filter head, and analyzing by using a liquid chromatography mass spectrometer (Finnigan LCQ HPLC/MS) to obtain the spectrum shown in figure 6.
Mass spectrogram analysis shows that the secondary metabolites obtained by co-culturing penicillium and aspergillus ochraceus (5: 1) and simultaneously adding histone deacetylase inhibitor nicotinamide are more abundant in types, and a novel compound with bacteriostatic activity is generated. The secondary metabolite peaks in FIG. 4 are fewer and less abundant, and contain few m/z peaks of the novel compound with bacteriostatic activity. The secondary metabolites in FIG. 5 have more peaks and increased abundance, and the secondary metabolites with M/z around 233, i.e., [ M + Na ] of the novel compounds 1 and 2, appear]+Excimer ion peak. More secondary metabolite peaks appear in FIG. 6, where the peak with M/z around 287 is the [ M + Na ] of new compound 3]+Excimer ion peak.
Example 4 application study of Compounds having antibacterial Activity
Gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli and salmonella) and gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus aureus) are selected as action targets, and the antibacterial activity of the compound is evaluated by adopting a trace broth dilution method.
Will be largeThe Enterobacter, Salmonella, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were inoculated in 10ml of the culture broth, and when the bacteria entered the logarithmic growth phase, they were diluted with NB broth to a McLeod turbidity of 0.5, at which time the number of bacteria was 108CFU/mL, then according to 1:1000 dilution, respectively with compounds 1, 2or 3, placed in 37 ℃ constant temperature incubator for 16-24h, observed results.
And (3) bacterial culture: coli, salmonella, staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus aureus are grown in NB broth. Culturing the bacteria in a constant temperature shaking table at 37 ℃ and 220rpm for 6-8 h; it was diluted with NB broth to a turbidity of 0.5, at which time the bacterial count was 108CFU/mL, then according to 1:1000 dilution, inoculated to 96 hole plate, divided into blank control group, negative control group, administration group, each group set up 6 multiple holes.
The detailed experimental procedure is as follows:
experimental grouping and treatment:
blank control (blank control): no addition of bacteria liquid and compound;
negative control group (negative control): adding only bacteria liquid without adding compound;
administration group (compounds 1, 2or 3): inoculating the diluted bacteria liquid at the ratio of 1:1000 to a 96-well plate, and adding compounds with different concentrations respectively.
And (3) antibacterial experiment: and placing the blank control group, the negative control group and the administration group into a constant-temperature incubator at 37 ℃ for culturing for 16-24h, detecting the OD value at the wavelength of 600nm by using an enzyme-labeling instrument, and calculating the bacteriostasis rate of 128 mu g/mL. The experiment was repeated 3 times and the mean value was taken for analysis.
The results are shown in FIG. 7: data analysis of an antibacterial test shows that the compound 1 has certain inhibitory effect on escherichia coli, salmonella, staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis and is dose-dependent: the higher the concentration of the compound, the higher the inhibition rate of the bacteria. The compounds 1-3 all inhibited Salmonella growth dose-dependently. The compound 1 can be expected to be developed into an antibacterial drug. The inhibitory rate of the compound 1 was 49.24% at a inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 128. mu.g/mL; the bacteriostasis rate of the compound 2 is 32.16 percent when the bacteriostasis concentration (MIC) is 128 mug/mL; the inhibitory rate of compound 3 at a inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 128. mu.g/mL was 35.14%.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
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Claims (5)
1. An antibacterial compound is used for preparing medicines for resisting at least one of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus; the structural formula of the antibacterial compound is any one of the following formulas:
2. use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the medicine also comprises pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials.
3. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dosage form of the medicine is any one of injection, powder injection, oral preparation, spray, capsule and liniment.
4. A method of preparing an antimicrobial compound having the formula as set forth in claim 1, comprising the steps of: a strain of PenicilliumPenicilliumsp, HUBU0120 and Aspergillus ochraceusAspergillus ochraceusCo-culturing in a culture medium added with a histone deacetylase inhibitor, after fermentation, leaching fermentation liquor with ethanol, decompressing an extracting solution, recovering a solvent to obtain a crude extract, and sequentially adding ethyl acetate with the same volume: water and petroleum ether: extracting with 95% methanol, and recovering solvent from 95% methanol extraction part to obtain extract; the histone deacetylase inhibitor is nicotinamide;
mixing the extract with reverse phase silica gel, performing medium pressure reverse phase chromatography, performing gradient elution with methanol-water, detecting by TLC, mixing the same components to obtain 7 fractions named as Fr.1 ‒ Fr.7;
repeatedly subjecting the component Fr.3 to normal phase silica gel chromatography, reverse phase silica gel chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column, and performing high performance liquid chromatography to obtain antibacterial compounds 1 and 2 by using reverse phase chromatography column and normal phase chromatography column;
when the reversed phase chromatographic column is used for treatment, the mobile phase is methanol and water = 55:45, and the volume is 2 ml/min; when the normal phase chromatographic column is used for treatment, the mobile phase is n-hexane, namely isopropanol = 93:7, and 2ml/min, so that the antibacterial compound 1 is obtained;
when the reversed phase chromatographic column is used for treatment, the mobile phase is methanol and water = 55:45, and the volume is 2 ml/min; when the normal phase chromatographic column is used for treatment, the mobile phase is n-hexane and isopropanol = 83:17, and the concentration is 2ml/min, so that the antibacterial compound 2 is obtained.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein the antimicrobial compound is prepared by: when the extract is treated by medium pressure reverse phase chromatography, methanol: the range of water is 10:90 ‒ 0: 100.
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