CN113233712A - Method and system for efficiently treating and recycling leachate of garbage transfer station - Google Patents
Method and system for efficiently treating and recycling leachate of garbage transfer station Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for efficiently treating and recycling leachate of a garbage transfer station. The characteristics of the leachate of the garbage transfer station and the EGSB system are combined, so that not only is the waste treated, but also the biogas is generated, and the leachate of the garbage transfer station after the EGSB treatment is reused, so that clean energy, namely electric energy is generated, the utilization rate of the energy is improved, the environment is protected, and good economic and environmental benefits are achieved. The invention has simple and convenient process flow, and omits various complicated sewage treatment units of other treatment methods, such as membrane treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and resource utilization, relates to a method and a system for efficiently treating and resource utilizing percolate of a garbage transfer station, and particularly relates to a method for treating percolate of the garbage transfer station by utilizing an EGSB (expanded granular sludge bed) and MFC (fuel cell) coupling process and synchronously generating methane and electric energy.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the quantity of generated garbage is also larger and larger. Also, the disposal and transportation of the garbage are highly required. The popularization and application of the garbage transfer station beautify the environment, reduce the breeding of mosquitoes and flies, improve the vehicle-mounted efficiency, lighten the labor intensity of workers and greatly reduce the operation cost, but the treatment of the leachate of the garbage transfer station is a difficult problem. The traditional treatment process of the percolate of the refuse transfer station generally adopts biochemical treatment and membrane advanced treatment (such as nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis and the like), and the method has the disadvantages of complex treatment process, high treatment cost and generation of difficultly treated concentrated solution. In addition, the leachate of the garbage transfer station belongs to high-concentration organic wastewater, and belongs to fresh leachate due to the fact that the storage time of the leachate of the transfer station is short, the leachate has a high BOD/COD ratio, the leachate treatment process of the conventional garbage transfer station only considers the standard discharge of effluent, the leachate treatment process does not realize resource synchronous utilization aiming at the characteristics of the leachate of the garbage transfer station, and certain waste is caused. Therefore, establishing a novel method for efficiently treating and recycling leachate of the refuse transfer station is very important.
The currently known method for recycling leachate is a technology of producing hydrogen and biogas by using an anaerobic reactor (such as UASB) for fermentation, or a technology of diluting the leachate and then adding the diluted leachate into an MFC reactor for power generation. However, a comprehensive treatment technology of efficient treatment and resource utilization aiming at the water quality characteristics of leachate in a refuse transfer station is rarely reported. Although the UASB-MFC coupling system has research reports on the treatment effect and the operating characteristics of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, the research only considers the research on the operating characteristics of the coupling system by nitrogen under different C/N ratios and reveals the action mechanism of N in the anaerobic digestion process; in addition, the research institute adopts glucose as a carbon source and ammonium chloride as simulated wastewater consisting of ammonia nitrogen, and the water quality components are simple. Therefore, the invention aims at the characteristics of complex composition, higher organic matter concentration, good biochemical effect (higher BOD/COD ratio) and the like of the percolate of the garbage transfer station, utilizes the coupling process of the Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) reactor and the MFC to treat the percolate of the garbage transfer station and synchronously generate the biogas and generate the electricity, and can achieve the effects of high sewage treatment and electricity generation efficiency, small occupied area and no environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for efficiently treating and recycling leachate of a garbage transfer station, in particular to a clean and environment-friendly EGSB (expanded granular sludge bed) and MFC (microbial fuel cell) coupling treatment process which can change the leachate of the garbage transfer station into valuables.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating percolate generated by the garbage transfer station to achieve the purposes of removing suspended matters and adjusting water quality and water quantity;
preferably, step S1 is to pass the leachate generated by the refuse transfer station through a grating machine to separate suspended matters in the leachate water body; the leachate after the separation of suspended matters enters a regulating tank, the purpose of regulating the water quality and the water quantity is achieved, and the impact of the water quality and the water quantity difference of the leachate in different periods on a subsequent resource utilization treatment system is avoided.
Preferably, the grating machine is a rotary strand grating machine or a rotary grating machine;
preferably, the adjusting tank is a civil engineering adjusting tank or is provided with a liquid storage tank (made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, carbon steel or stainless steel).
Preferably, the regulating reservoir is internally provided with a lift pump.
S2, the leachate pretreated in the step S1 enters an EGSB reactor, and is converted into methane by hydrolysis and acidification reactions in the process of converting the leachate of the garbage transfer station by utilizing various microorganisms, so that the leachate of the garbage transfer station is further purified, and simultaneously substrates (short-chain VFAs) which are easy to be utilized by a subsequent MFC reactor, such as acetic acid and the like, are generated; separating the product after hydrolysis and acidification reaction into methane, effluent and methane residue by a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator; and (4) conveying the biogas to a biogas purification treatment device, and finally collecting the biogas in a biogas storage tank.
The EGSB reactor is respectively provided with a sludge reaction zone, a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator and a methane purification and collection device from bottom to top. Wherein a subsurface flow stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the sludge reaction zone to ensure that the sludge in the EGSB reactor is in a semi-suspension state (half of the effective volume of the EGSB reactor), thereby avoiding the problem that the sludge is deposited at the bottom of the EGSB reactor under the action of gravity to cause less sludge which effectively participates in the degradation of the percolate of the refuse transfer station; the top of the sludge reaction zone is provided with the flat-paved napped filler, which is beneficial to the attachment and growth of microorganisms and improves the activity effect of the sludge of the EGSB reactor; in addition, aiming at the characteristic of high organic concentration of the percolate of the garbage transfer station, the tiled filler can effectively prevent the sludge from floating upwards due to a large amount of generated methane in the sludge reaction zone, and the action effect of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator in the subsequent EGSB reactor is improved.
Furthermore, the amount of suspended substances SS in the effluent of the EGSB reactor is small, so that the impact on the structure and activity of the dominant electrogenic bacteria in the subsequent MFC reactor can be effectively reduced.
The leachate of the garbage transfer station belongs to high-concentration organic wastewater and has complex components. The hydrolysis acidification process needs to hydrolyze insoluble organic matters in the leachate into soluble materials and convert macromolecular and difficultly biodegradable materials into easily biodegradable materials. Wherein HRT of the EGSB reactor is 2-5d, COD concentration is 10000-50000mg/L, BOD concentration range is 5000-25000 mg/L;
and S3, the effluent separated by the gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator of the EGSB reactor enters the MFC reactor for further treatment, and electric energy is synchronously generated when the MFC treats wastewater.
The MFC is a double chamber, wherein the anode chamber is a sealed structure, anaerobic activated sludge and the effluent of the EGSB reactor in the step S2 are added into the MFC, and short-chain VFAs (such as acetic acid) in the effluent of the EGSB are used as substrates for generating electricity.
The invention also aims to provide a high-efficiency treatment and resource utilization system for percolate of the garbage transfer station, which mainly comprises a grating machine, an adjusting tank, an EGSB reactor and an MFC reactor; the inlet of the grating machine is connected with leachate of the garbage transfer station, the outlet of the grating machine is connected with the inlet of the regulating tank, and the outlet of the regulating tank is connected with the inlet of the EGSB reactor; the water outlet of the EGSB reactor is connected with the water inlet of the MFC reactor.
The EGSB reactor is respectively provided with a sludge reaction zone, a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator and a methane purification and collection device from bottom to top. Wherein a subsurface flow stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the sludge reaction zone to ensure that the sludge in the EGSB reactor is in a semi-suspension state (half of the effective volume of the EGSB reactor), thereby avoiding the problem that the sludge is deposited at the bottom of the EGSB reactor under the action of gravity to cause less sludge which effectively participates in the degradation of the percolate of the refuse transfer station; the top of the sludge reaction zone is provided with the flat-paved napped filler, which is beneficial to the attachment and growth of microorganisms and improves the activity effect of the sludge of the EGSB reactor; in addition, aiming at the characteristic of high organic concentration of the percolate of the garbage transfer station, the tiled filler can effectively prevent the sludge from floating upwards due to a large amount of generated methane in the sludge reaction zone, and the action effect of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator in the subsequent EGSB reactor is improved.
HRT of the EGSB reactor is 2-5d, COD concentration is 10000-50000mg/L, BOD concentration range is 5000-25000 mg/L;
the MFC is a double chamber, wherein the anode chamber is a sealed structure, and anaerobic activated sludge is added into the MFC.
Preferably, the grating machine is a rotary strand grating machine or a rotary grating machine;
preferably, the adjusting tank is a civil engineering adjusting tank or is provided with a liquid storage tank (made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, carbon steel or stainless steel).
Preferably, the regulating reservoir is internally provided with a lift pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the characteristics of the leachate of the garbage transfer station and the EGSB system are combined, so that not only is the waste treated, but also the biogas is generated, and the leachate of the garbage transfer station after the EGSB treatment is reused, so that clean energy, namely electric energy is generated, the utilization rate of the energy is improved, the environment is protected, and good economic and environmental benefits are achieved.
2. The invention has simple and convenient process flow, and omits various complicated sewage treatment units of other treatment methods, such as membrane treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the processing steps provided by the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a system for efficiently treating leachate and recycling leachate in a refuse transfer station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the MFC power generation with effluent as substrate after the leachate from the garbage transfer station is treated by the EGSB reactor.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
A method for efficiently treating and recycling leachate of a garbage transfer station comprises the following steps as shown in figures 1 and 2:
s1, pretreating percolate generated by the garbage transfer station to achieve the purposes of removing suspended matters and adjusting water quality and water quantity;
preferably, step S1 is to pass the leachate generated by the refuse transfer station through a grating machine to separate suspended matters in the leachate water body; the leachate after the separation of suspended matters enters a regulating tank, the purpose of regulating the water quality and the water quantity is achieved, and the impact of the water quality and the water quantity difference of the leachate in different periods on a subsequent resource utilization treatment system is avoided.
Preferably, the grating machine is a rotary strand grating machine or a rotary grating machine;
preferably, the adjusting tank is a civil engineering adjusting tank or is provided with a liquid storage tank (made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, carbon steel or stainless steel).
Preferably, the regulating reservoir is internally provided with a lift pump.
S2, the leachate pretreated in the step S1 enters an EGSB reactor, and is converted into methane by hydrolysis and acidification reactions in the process of converting the leachate of the garbage transfer station by utilizing various microorganisms, so that the leachate of the garbage transfer station is further purified, and simultaneously substrates (short-chain VFAs) which are easy to be utilized by a subsequent MFC reactor, such as acetic acid and the like, are generated; separating the product after hydrolysis and acidification reaction into methane, effluent and methane residue by a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator; and (4) conveying the biogas to a biogas purification treatment device, and finally collecting the biogas in a biogas storage tank.
The EGSB reactor is respectively provided with a sludge reaction zone, a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator and a methane purification and collection device from bottom to top. Wherein a subsurface flow stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the sludge reaction zone to ensure that the sludge in the EGSB reactor is in a semi-suspension state (half of the effective volume of the EGSB reactor), thereby avoiding the problem that the sludge is deposited at the bottom of the EGSB reactor under the action of gravity to cause less sludge which effectively participates in the degradation of the percolate of the refuse transfer station; the top of the sludge reaction zone is provided with the flat-paved napped filler, which is beneficial to the attachment and growth of microorganisms and improves the activity effect of the sludge of the EGSB reactor; in addition, aiming at the characteristic of high organic concentration of the percolate of the garbage transfer station, the tiled filler can effectively prevent the sludge from floating upwards due to a large amount of generated methane in the sludge reaction zone, and the action effect of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator in the subsequent EGSB reactor is improved.
Furthermore, the amount of suspended substances SS in the effluent of the EGSB reactor is small, so that the impact on the structure and activity of the dominant electrogenic bacteria in the subsequent MFC reactor can be effectively reduced.
The leachate of the garbage transfer station belongs to high-concentration organic wastewater and has complex components. The hydrolysis acidification process needs to hydrolyze insoluble organic matters in the leachate into soluble materials and convert macromolecular and difficultly biodegradable materials into easily biodegradable materials. Wherein HRT of the EGSB reactor is 2-5d, COD concentration is 10000-50000mg/L, BOD concentration range is 5000-25000 mg/L;
and S3, the effluent separated by the gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator of the EGSB reactor enters the MFC reactor for further treatment, and electric energy is synchronously generated when the MFC treats wastewater.
The MFC is a double chamber, wherein the anode chamber is a sealed structure, anaerobic activated sludge and the effluent of the EGSB reactor in the step S2 are added into the MFC, and short-chain VFAs (such as acetic acid) in the effluent of the EGSB are used as substrates for generating electricity.
The invention also aims to provide a high-efficiency treatment and resource utilization system for percolate of the garbage transfer station, which mainly comprises a grating machine, an adjusting tank, an EGSB reactor and an MFC reactor; the inlet of the grating machine is connected with leachate of the garbage transfer station, the outlet of the grating machine is connected with the inlet of the regulating tank, and the outlet of the regulating tank is connected with the inlet of the EGSB reactor; the water outlet of the EGSB reactor is connected with the water inlet of the MFC reactor.
The EGSB reactor is respectively provided with a sludge reaction zone, a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator and a methane purification and collection device from bottom to top. Wherein a subsurface flow stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the sludge reaction zone to ensure that the sludge in the EGSB reactor is in a semi-suspension state (half of the effective volume of the EGSB reactor), thereby avoiding the problem that the sludge is deposited at the bottom of the EGSB reactor under the action of gravity to cause less sludge which effectively participates in the degradation of the percolate of the refuse transfer station; the top of the sludge reaction zone is provided with the flat-paved napped filler, which is beneficial to the attachment and growth of microorganisms and improves the activity effect of the sludge of the EGSB reactor; in addition, aiming at the characteristic of high organic concentration of the percolate of the garbage transfer station, the tiled filler can effectively prevent the sludge from floating upwards due to a large amount of generated methane in the sludge reaction zone, and the action effect of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator in the subsequent EGSB reactor is improved.
HRT of the EGSB reactor is 2-5d, COD concentration is 10000-50000mg/L, BOD concentration range is 5000-25000 mg/L;
the MFC is a double chamber, wherein the anode chamber is a sealed structure, and anaerobic activated sludge is added into the MFC.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a high-efficiency treatment and resource utilization system for leachate of a garbage transfer station, which comprises a pretreatment system (a grating and a regulating tank); an EGSB system; and MFC systems.
The pretreatment system comprises a grating and a regulating tank; the function of the grid is to separate suspended matters in the percolate of the refuse transfer station so as to prevent the suspended matters from entering the regulating tank. The adjusting tank is used for adjusting the percolate in advance, and mainly adjusts the water quality and the water quantity of the percolate.
The EGSB can effectively degrade high-concentration organic matters in the leachate and comprises a biogas recovery device, the generated biogas can be recovered, and the generated biogas is collected in a biogas cabinet and is reused as energy for production; the anaerobic effect of EGSB can degrade COD efficiently.
After the leachate of the garbage transfer station enters the MFC for reaction, the electricity generation is stable, when the external resistor is 1000 omega, the voltage at two ends of the resistor can reach 0.475V, and the effluent COD is low, so that the method is a safe and green treatment mode.
TABLE 1 analysis of the quality of leachate from a refuse transfer station
| Serial number | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Monitoring items | BOD5 | COD | SS |
| Unit of | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L |
| Index (I) | 10000-12000 | 16000-20000 | 600 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the leachate from this refuse transfer station has COD and BOD5And more SS, the leachate of the garbage transfer station is treated by the pollutants,
the process flow is described in detail below:
firstly, pretreatment
The method comprises the following steps of (1) enabling leachate of the garbage transfer station to pass through a grating machine, separating suspended matters in a leachate water body by the grating machine, and enabling the leachate after the suspended matters are separated to flow into a regulating tank;
because the solid in the garbage transfer station is abundant, a lot of solids can be mixed into leachate, so that the solid garbage in the leachate needs to be removed by a grating machine, the grating machine can generally select common strand grating and rotary grating machines, and a proper model can be selected according to daily treatment capacity.
The designed regulating tank can regulate the percolate in advance to form uniform mixing and regulate the water quantity and the water quality, and the retention time in the regulating tank is 24-48 h.
TABLE 2 Water quality analysis of the pretreated landfill leachate
| Serial number | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Monitoring items | BOD5 | COD | SS |
| Unit of | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L |
| Index (I) | 8000-10000 | 13000-17000 | 400 |
As can be seen from the above table 2, the content of each pollutant is reduced by a small amount through the grating and the adjusting tank, which indicates that a small amount of pollutants in the leachate of the garbage transfer station can be removed by pretreating the wastewater. For BOD5And the removal rate of COD is about 20%, wherein most of the removal rate is insoluble BOD and insoluble COD. Wherein the SS removal rate is as high as 33 percent.
Second, EGSB treatment
TABLE 3 Water quality analysis and gas production of leachate from waste transfer station after EGSB
| Serial number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Monitoring items | BOD5 | COD | SS | Gas production rate |
| Unit of | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L | L/d |
| Index (I) | 200-400 | 700-1000 | 20 | 70-150 |
The pretreated percolate of the garbage transfer station is treated by EGSB, the retention time is HRT 2-5d, the COD concentration is 10000-50000mg/L, and the BOD concentration range is 5000-25000 mg/L;
most organic matters in the percolate of the garbage transfer station are degraded into methane and carbon dioxide through anaerobic fermentation by a high-concentration and high-activity sludge bed in the EGSB treatment device, the generated methane is recycled, and the residual sludge is used for producing organic fertilizers.
Three, MFC treatment
TABLE 4 Water quality analysis of landfill Transit leachate after MFC
The double-chamber MFC is used for degrading COD and BOD in the wastewater, the power generation performance of the MFC also reaches a good level, and when the external resistor is 1000 ohms, the voltage at two ends of the resistor can reach 0.475 mV. FIG. 3 shows the MFC power generation with effluent as substrate after the leachate from the garbage transfer station is treated by the EGSB reactor.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for efficiently treating and recycling leachate of a garbage transfer station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pretreating percolate generated by the garbage transfer station to achieve the purposes of removing suspended matters and adjusting water quality and water quantity;
s2, the leachate pretreated in the step S1 enters an EGSB reactor, and is converted into methane by hydrolysis and acidification reactions by utilizing various microorganisms to participate in the conversion process of the leachate of the refuse transfer station, so that the leachate of the refuse transfer station is further purified, and simultaneously, a substrate which is easy to be utilized by a subsequent MFC reactor is generated; separating the product after hydrolysis and acidification reaction into methane, effluent and methane residue by a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator; the biogas is sent to a biogas purification treatment device, and finally the biogas is collected in a biogas storage tank; wherein HRT of the EGSB reactor is 2-5d, COD concentration is 10000-50000mg/L, BOD concentration range is 5000-25000 mg/L;
and S3, the effluent separated by the gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator of the EGSB reactor enters the MFC reactor for further treatment, and electric energy is synchronously generated when the MFC treats wastewater.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S1 is to separate suspended substances in the leachate water body by passing the leachate generated by the refuse transfer station through a grating machine; the leachate after the separation of suspended matters enters a regulating tank, the purpose of regulating the water quality and the water quantity is achieved, and the impact of the water quality and the water quantity difference of the leachate in different periods on a subsequent resource utilization treatment system is avoided.
3. The method for efficiently treating and recycling leachate of a refuse transfer station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the EGSB reactor comprises a sludge reaction zone, a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator and a biogas purification and collection device from bottom to top.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein a submerged flow agitator is arranged in the bottom of the sludge reaction zone in the EGSB reactor to make the sludge in the EGSB reactor in a semi-suspended state; the top of the sludge reaction zone is provided with a flat-paved napping filler.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the MFC is a double chamber, wherein the anode chamber is a sealed structure, and anaerobic activated sludge is added.
6. A high-efficiency treatment and resource utilization system for percolate of a garbage transfer station is characterized by mainly comprising a grating machine, an adjusting tank, an EGSB reactor and an MFC reactor; the inlet of the grating machine is connected with leachate of the garbage transfer station, the outlet of the grating machine is connected with the inlet of the regulating tank, and the outlet of the regulating tank is connected with the inlet of the EGSB reactor; the water outlet of the EGSB reactor is connected with the water inlet of the MFC reactor; wherein HRT of the EGSB reactor is 2-5d, COD concentration is 10000-50000mg/L, and BOD concentration is 5000-25000 mg/L.
7. The efficient leachate treatment and resource utilization system of the refuse transfer station according to claim 6, wherein the EGSB reactor comprises a sludge reaction zone, a gas-liquid-solid three-phase separator and a biogas purification and collection device from bottom to top.
8. The efficient leachate treatment and resource utilization system of the refuse transfer station according to claim 7, wherein a submerged flow stirrer is arranged at the bottom of a sludge reaction zone in the EGSB reactor to enable sludge in the EGSB reactor to be in a semi-suspension state; the top of the sludge reaction zone is provided with a flat-paved napping filler.
9. The efficient leachate treatment and resource utilization system of the refuse transfer station according to claim 6, wherein the MFC has two chambers, wherein the anode chamber has a sealed structure, and anaerobic activated sludge is added into the anode chamber.
10. The system for the efficient treatment and resource utilization of leachate of the garbage transfer station as claimed in claim 6, wherein the grid machine is a rotary strand grid machine or a rotary grid machine; the adjusting tank is a civil engineering adjusting tank or is provided with a liquid storage tank; the regulating reservoir is internally provided with a lift pump.
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