CN113232689B - Method for improving deformation resistance of elastic bushing and large-deformation elastic bushing - Google Patents
Method for improving deformation resistance of elastic bushing and large-deformation elastic bushing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113232689B CN113232689B CN202110515606.9A CN202110515606A CN113232689B CN 113232689 B CN113232689 B CN 113232689B CN 202110515606 A CN202110515606 A CN 202110515606A CN 113232689 B CN113232689 B CN 113232689B
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- mandrel
- elastic bushing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
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Abstract
A method for improving the deformation resistance of elastic bush features that the core axle is divided into two symmetrical halves along transverse direction and then sulfurized with a complete sleeve to form a whole, and the sulfurized rubber layer is divided into two symmetrical halves along transverse direction, so improving the deformation resistance of said core axle when it is longitudinally displaced after it bears longitudinal load. According to the elastic bushing, the mandrel and the rubber layer are divided into two symmetrical parts along the transverse direction, so that when the mandrel generates larger displacement under larger longitudinal load, the elastic bushing does not pull the rubber on one side, and the deformation resistance of the elastic bushing is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an elastic bushing and a performance improving method thereof, in particular to an elastic bushing deformation resistance improving method and a large-deformation elastic bushing.
Background
The elastic bushing is a supporting and damping structure widely used on a railway vehicle, and the typical structure of the supporting and damping structure is that a rubber layer is vulcanized between a hollow mandrel and an outer sleeve to form a metal-rubber-metal structure, the elastic bushing is positioned through a screw hole of the outer sleeve during assembly, the middle of the mandrel is assembled, and the elastic bushing simultaneously provides vertical, transverse and longitudinal support during the working process. In the current general structure, overcoat and dabber are an annular whole, and the space between dabber and overcoat is all filled up to rubber, makes the elastic bushing have withstand voltage not resistant characteristic of pulling, consequently in the use, passes the assembly pole in the dabber and the elastic bushing between lateral displacement and longitudinal displacement can not too big, if when the displacement is too big otherwise, exert very big pressure to the rubber of assembly pole one side, and can exert very big pulling force to the rubber of opposite side, lead to rubber to tear or peel off between the overcoat. In order to improve the performance of the elastic bushing and to satisfy different use requirements, it is common to structurally modify the elastic bushing.
As application No. CN201320096324.0, the utility model discloses an elastic bush for linear electric motor vehicle bogie "includes overcoat and elastic bush endosome, the elastic bush endosome includes integrative endotheca, elastomer and dabber, through the design of rubber profile, makes the elastic bush when the radial load that bears, reaches the requirement of producing the performance.
The above-mentioned solution does not consider the deformation problem of the elastic bushing when bearing external force, or is not suitable for the environment where the transverse or longitudinal load is too large, which results in too large displacement of the mandrel.
The invention patent application with application number CN201010285540.0 and named as 'elastic bushing of anti-side rolling torsion bar of train bogie' discloses an elastic bushing of anti-side rolling torsion bar of train bogie. It includes two symmetrical, unconnected semicircular bushing assemblies. Each semicircular lining component comprises an outer sleeve, a rubber layer I, an inner sleeve and a rubber layer II from outside to inside in sequence. The outer ring of the outer sleeve is provided with a wall hole, and the cylindrical pin is welded with the outer sleeve after being embedded in the wall hole. The outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are fixedly connected into a whole by the rubber vulcanization of the rubber layer I. The inner ring of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected with a rubber layer II through rubber vulcanization. The outer sleeve, the inner sleeve and the cylindrical pin are all made of metal materials. The elastic bushing of the anti-side rolling torsion bar of the train bogie has the advantages of capability of assisting the train steering, simple structure, small vibration, low noise, good train flexible structure and high train running quality.
The scheme is that the supporting spherical hinge for the torsion bar system only needs to provide one radial rigidity, and cannot be applied to environments where supports need to be provided in the vertical direction, the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction. Accordingly, there remains a need for a resilient bushing structure and method that provides large deformations and support in all three directions perpendicular to each other.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an elastic bushing deformation resistance improving method and a large-deformation elastic bushing aiming at the condition that the conventional elastic bushing can not simultaneously provide vertical, longitudinal and transverse support and meet the requirement of longitudinal and transverse large displacement deformation, and the elastic bushing meets the requirement of multi-azimuth performance of a railway vehicle in use.
The technical means adopted by the invention to solve the problems are as follows: a method for improving the deformation resistance of elastic bush features that the core axle is divided into two symmetrical halves along transverse direction and then sulfurized with a complete sleeve to form a whole, and the sulfurized rubber layer is divided into two symmetrical halves along transverse direction, so improving the deformation resistance of said core axle when it is longitudinally displaced after it bears longitudinal load.
Further, the rigidity of the elastic bush in the transverse direction is reduced by providing symmetrical cavities at both ends in the elastic bush in the transverse direction.
Further, the stop blocks vulcanized on the outer sleeve are arranged in cavities at two ends in the transverse direction in the elastic bushing, so that the stop of the mandrel in the transverse displacement process is realized.
Further, the longitudinal rigidity of the elastic bushing is improved by arranging the partition plate in the rubber layer.
Further, different longitudinal rigidities and deflections of the elastic bushing are achieved by adjusting the number of layers of the partition plate in the rubber layer and/or the thickness and the size of the partition plate.
Further, the stop during the vertical displacement of the mandrel is realized by arranging a stop plate at the vertical bottom end of the elastic bushing.
Further, the friction between the mandrel and the assembly body in the use process is reduced by arranging the wear-resistant bushing in the mandrel.
A large-deformation elastic bushing comprises a mandrel, a sleeve and a rubber layer, wherein the mandrel and the sleeve are vulcanized into a whole, the mandrel is transversely divided into two symmetrical lobes, the rubber layer is also divided into two symmetrical lobes, and the sleeve is an annular whole.
Further, symmetrical cavities are provided at both ends in the lateral direction in the elastic bush.
Furthermore, a stop block which is vulcanized into a whole with the outer sleeve is arranged in each of the two cavities.
Furthermore, the two rubber layers are internally provided with a clapboard.
Furthermore, the number of the partition plates in each rubber layer is more than one.
Furthermore, a stop plate is arranged at the vertical bottom end of the elastic bushing.
Further, the inside of the mandrel is provided with a wear-resistant bushing.
Further, the top end of the mandrel is provided with a boss extending outwards.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the elastic bushing, the mandrel and the rubber layer are divided into two symmetrical parts along the transverse direction, so that when the mandrel generates large displacement under large longitudinal load, the rubber on one side cannot be pulled, and the longitudinal deformation resistance of the elastic bushing is improved.
2. The cavities are arranged at the inner parts of the two transverse ends of the elastic bushing, so that the transverse rigidity of the elastic bushing is reduced.
3. According to the invention, the stop block vulcanized with the outer sleeve into a whole is arranged in the cavity of the elastic bushing, so that the elastic bushing has transverse limiting capacity, the mandrel is prevented from generating too large displacement in the transverse direction, and the transverse deformation resistance of the elastic bushing is improved.
4. The invention improves the longitudinal rigidity of the elastic bushing by arranging the partition plates in the rubber layer, and simultaneously adjusts the longitudinal rigidity and the flexibility of the elastic bushing by adjusting the number and/or the thickness of the partition plates, thereby expanding the application range of the elastic bushing.
5. According to the invention, the stop plate is arranged at the vertical bottom end of the mandrel, so that the elastic bushing has vertical limiting capacity, the mandrel is prevented from generating too large displacement in the vertical direction, and the vertical deformation resistance of the elastic bushing is improved.
6. According to the invention, the wear-resistant bushing is arranged in the mandrel, so that direct friction between the mandrel and the assembling rod when displacement is generated in the using process is avoided, and the service life of the elastic bushing is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an elastic bushing in the radial direction according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view in an axial direction of a second elastic bush according to the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a three-elastic bushing in an axial direction;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view in an axial direction of an embodiment four elastomeric bushing;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view in a radial direction of an embodiment quad elastic bushing;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view in a radial direction of an embodiment five resilient bushing;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view in a radial direction of an embodiment hexaelastic bushing;
in the figure: 1. the anti-abrasion device comprises a core shaft, 11 parts of bosses, 2 parts of rubber layers, 3 parts of outer sleeves, 31 parts of mounting holes, 4 parts of cavities, 5 parts of stop blocks, 6 parts of partition plates, 7 parts of abrasion-resistant bushings and 8 parts of stop plates.
In each figure, the direction of the arrow at A is transverse, the direction of the arrow at B is longitudinal, and the direction of the arrow at C is vertical.
Detailed Description
Bosses are arranged at the upper ends of the two core shafts.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example one
A large deformation elastomeric bushing for a railway vehicle, which can be used on axle boxes as a spring tie and also as a center pin bushing in a drawbar system. As shown in fig. 1, the automobile seat comprises a mandrel 1, a rubber layer 2 and an outer sleeve 3 from inside to outside, the mandrel 1 and the outer sleeve 3 are vulcanized into a whole by the rubber layer 2, a mounting hole 31 is formed in the outer sleeve 3, the mandrel 1 is of a hollow structure, in the using process, a bolt fixes an elastic bushing through the mounting hole 31 of the outer sleeve 3, an assembly rod with an annular boss penetrates through the mandrel 1 to be assembled, the annular boss of the assembly rod is pressed to the top ends of the mandrel 1 and the rubber layer 2, the elastic bushing mainly provides vertical support through the mandrel 1, in the running process of a vehicle, acting force received by the assembly rod is transmitted to the mandrel 1, and the mandrel 1 is driven to move in the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction or the vertical direction and the like. The mandrel 1 is divided into two symmetrical halves along the transverse direction, and the vulcanized rubber layer 2 is also divided into two symmetrical halves. Because the service environment of elastic bush can bear great load on vertical, under the fixed circumstances of overcoat 3, when dabber 1 bears great longitudinal load, can produce great displacement on vertical, at this moment, the rubber layer 2 of one side receives the extrusion, dabber 1 and the structure that the rubber layer 2 divides into two lamellas can make the rubber layer 2 of opposite side then not receive the dragging, the tearing or the peeling off of rubber layer 2 when avoiding big deformation, the anti deformability on vertical of elastic bush has been promoted.
Example two
The embodiment is improved on the basis of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, two large cavities 4 are arranged in the elastic bushing in the embodiment, the cavities 4 are located at two ends of the elastic bushing in the transverse direction, and the rubber layer 2 does not fill the inner walls of the outer sleeve 3 at the two ends of the elastic bushing in the transverse direction, so that the cavity is formed in the elastic bushing in the transverse direction, the transverse stiffness is reduced, and different stiffness requirements of the vehicle in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are met. The rigidity of the elastic bushing in the transverse direction is adjusted by adjusting the size of the cavity 4, the adjustable range of the radial-axial rigidity ratio of the elastic bushing is expanded, and the application range of the elastic bushing is further expanded.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment is improved on the basis of the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment, two stopping blocks 5 are respectively arranged in two cavities 4 of the elastic bushing, the two stopping blocks 5 are respectively vulcanized at two ends of the outer sleeve 3 in the transverse direction, and when the mandrel 1 is subjected to transverse load to drive the rubber layer 2 to transversely move, the stopping blocks 5 can limit the transverse moving distance of the mandrel 1, so that the elastic bushing has transverse limiting stopping capability, the transverse deformation resistance of the elastic bushing is improved, and meanwhile, the elastic bushing has rigidity changing performance in the transverse direction. Also, when the lateral displacement is too great, the vehicle will have a serpentine motion, which can be effectively controlled by the arrangement of the stop 5.
Example four
This embodiment can be modified from any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in this embodiment, the partition plate 6 is arranged in the rubber layer 2, since the partition plate 6 is generally made of metal material and has hardness greater than that of rubber, the arrangement of the partition plate 6 improves the longitudinal rigidity of the elastic bushing, and the partition plate 6 divides each piece of rubber layer 2 into a plurality of parts, and changes the flexibility of the elastic bushing. And the number and the specification size of the partition boards 6 can be selected according to the use environment of the elastic bushing so as to meet different longitudinal rigidity and flexibility requirements, for example, when the number of the partition boards 6 is increased or the thickness of the partition boards 6 is increased, the rigidity of the elastic bushing can be improved.
EXAMPLE five
The present embodiment can be improved on the basis of any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, a wear-resistant bushing 7 is arranged inside the mandrel 1, when the assembling rod and the elastic bushing are assembled into a whole, the wear-resistant bushing 7 isolates the assembling rod from the elastic bushing, and it is avoided that friction is generated when relative motion is generated between the assembling rod and the mandrel 1 during use, which affects the service life of the mandrel.
Example six
The embodiment can be improved on the basis of any one of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, a stop plate 8 is arranged at the vertical bottom end of the elastic bushing, when the mandrel 1 is stressed to generate vertical displacement, the stop plate 8 can limit the moving distance of the mandrel 1, so that the elastic bushing has vertical limiting capacity, the vertical deformation resistance of the elastic bushing is improved, and meanwhile, the elastic bushing has variable rigidity in the vertical direction.
Because the outer sleeve 3 is an annular boss in the whole shape, in order to enable the stop plate 8 to be smoothly arranged at the axial bottom end of the elastic bushing and ensure the service life of the stop plate 8, the stop plate 8 can be designed into a metal plate-rubber-metal plate structure, the diameter of the metal plate at the bottommost layer is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 3, and the stop plate 8 is pressed into the outer sleeve 3 in an interference manner; or the metal plate at the bottommost layer and the outer sleeve 3 can be welded into a whole; or bolted or riveted, in which case a protruding ring or protruding connection points can be provided at the lower end of the lowermost metal sheet. The stop plate 8 is firmly connected with the outer sleeve 3, so that the stop plate can not fall out in the use process. The diameter of the metal plate on the uppermost layer is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the mandrel 1, so that the mandrel 1 can completely fall onto the stop plate 8 when generating vertical displacement, the acting force between the mandrel 1 and the stop plate 8 is ensured to be uniform as much as possible, and the service life of the elastic bushing is prolonged. And the rubber between the two metal plates is preferably arranged in a shape similar to a boss, and when the mandrel 1 presses the stop block 8, the rubber can release stress to the periphery of the stop block, so that the service life is prolonged.
EXAMPLE seven
The embodiment can be improved on the basis of any one of the above embodiments, wherein the upper ends of the two-piece mandrel 1 are respectively provided with a boss 11 extending outwards, the two bosses 11 are combined into a ring shape, after the assembling rod is installed in the mandrel 1, the pressure of the assembling rod is completely applied to the mandrel 1 and then transmitted to the rubber layer 2 through the mandrel 1, and the top of the rubber layer 2 is prevented from being rubbed by the assembling rod in the relative displacement process of the assembling rod and the elastic bushing due to direct contact between the assembling rod and the top of the rubber layer 2. Meanwhile, the phenomenon that the relative displacement in the vertical direction is generated between the mandrel 1 and the rubber layer 2 when the friction force between the inner wall of the mandrel 1 and the outer wall of the assembling rod is too large is avoided, and the service life of the elastic bushing is prolonged.
The embodiment also relates to a method for improving the deformation resistance of the elastic bushing, the mandrel 1 is divided into two symmetrical sections and then vulcanized in the integral outer sleeve 3 through rubber, the vulcanized rubber layer 2 is also symmetrical two sections, a symmetrical structure with a gap between the mandrel 1 and the rubber layer 2 along the transverse direction is formed, when the mandrel 1 bearing a larger longitudinal load is subjected to longitudinal displacement, the rubber layer 2 on one side is prevented from being pulled, and the deformation resistance of the elastic bushing is improved.
In addition, the cavities 4 are arranged at the two ends of the elastic bushing in the transverse direction, so that the transverse rigidity of the elastic bushing is reduced, the use requirements of large longitudinal rigidity and small transverse rigidity are met, the transverse rigidity can be adjusted by changing the size of the cavities 4, and the adjustable range of the longitudinal axis rigidity ratio of the elastic bushing is expanded.
Meanwhile, the stopping block 5 which is vulcanized with the outer sleeve 3 into a whole is arranged in the cavity 4, so that the elastic bushing has transverse limiting capacity, and the transverse displacement is avoided from being overlarge. Still can also make the elastic bushing have vertical spacing ability through also setting up backstop plate 8 in vertical tip department, avoid vertical displacement too big.
Furthermore, the longitudinal stiffness of the elastic bushing can be increased by arranging a baffle 6 in the rubber layer 2. And the longitudinal rigidity of the elastic bush is adjusted by adjusting the number, the size and the like of the partition plates 6, so that the adjustable range of the longitudinal rigidity ratio of the elastic bush is further expanded.
In addition, still can avoid the direct friction between dabber 1 and the assembly pole through set up wear-resisting bush 7 in dabber 1, improve the life of elasticity bush. The top end of the mandrel 1 can also be designed into a structure with a boss, so that the assembly rod is prevented from contacting the rubber layer 2 to generate friction on the rubber layer 2, and the peeling between the mandrel 1 and the rubber layer 2 is also avoided.
Some structures shown in the drawings corresponding to the above embodiments may be added or removed as appropriate, and do not represent structural limitations of a specific embodiment.
The above embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should fall within the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an elasticity bush anti deformability promotes method, in the use of elasticity bush, the bolt is fixed elasticity bush through the mounting hole 31 of overcoat (3), the assembly pole that has annular boss passes dabber (1) and assembles, the annular boss of assembly pole is pressed dabber (1) and the top department of rubber layer (2), elasticity bush provides vertical support through dabber (1) department, in the vehicle operation process, the effort that the assembly pole will receive is transmitted for dabber (1), drive dabber (1) and produce the motion of vertical, horizontal or vertical direction, its characterized in that: the mandrel (1) is divided into two symmetrical lobes along the transverse direction and then vulcanized with a complete outer sleeve (3) into a whole, and the vulcanized rubber layer (2) is also divided into two symmetrical lobes along the transverse direction, so that the deformation resistance of the mandrel (1) along the longitudinal displacement after the elastic bushing bears the longitudinal load in the use process is improved.
2. The method for improving the deformation resistance of an elastic bush according to claim 1, wherein: the rigidity of the elastic bushing in the transverse direction is reduced by arranging symmetrical cavities (4) at two ends of the elastic bushing in the transverse direction; the stop blocks (5) vulcanized on the outer sleeve (3) are arranged at cavities (4) at two ends in the transverse direction in the elastic bushing, so that the stop of the mandrel (1) during transverse displacement is realized.
3. The method for improving the deformation resistance of the elastic bushing according to claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal rigidity of the elastic bushing is improved by arranging the partition plates (6) in the rubber layer (2), and different longitudinal rigidities and flexibilities of the elastic bushing are realized by adjusting the number of layers of the partition plates (6) in the rubber layer and/or the thickness and the size of the partition plates (6).
4. The method for improving the deformation resistance of the elastic bushing according to claim 1, wherein: the stop during the vertical displacement of the mandrel (1) is realized by arranging a stop plate (8) at the vertical bottom end of the elastic bushing.
5. The method for improving the deformation resistance of an elastic bush according to claim 1, wherein: the friction between the mandrel (1) and an assembly body in the using process is reduced by arranging the wear-resistant bushing (7) in the mandrel (1).
6. A large deformation elastomeric bushing for carrying out the method of claim 1, wherein: the rubber layer vulcanizing machine comprises a mandrel (1), a jacket (3) and a rubber layer (2) which vulcanizes the mandrel (1) and the jacket (3) into a whole, wherein the mandrel (1) is transversely divided into two symmetrical lobes, the rubber layer (2) is also two symmetrical lobes, and the jacket (3) is an annular whole.
7. The large deformation elastomeric bushing according to claim 6, wherein: symmetrical cavities (4) are arranged at two ends in the elastic bushing in the transverse direction, and stop blocks (5) which are vulcanized into a whole with the outer sleeve (3) are arranged in the two cavities (4).
8. The large deformation elastomeric bushing according to claim 6, wherein: the two rubber layers (2) are internally provided with more than one partition board (6), and the number of the partition boards (6) in each rubber layer (2) is more than one.
9. The large deformation elastomeric bushing according to claim 6, wherein: a stop plate (8) is arranged at the vertical bottom end of the elastic bushing.
10. The large deformation elastomeric bushing according to claim 6, wherein: the inside of the mandrel (1) is provided with a wear-resistant bush (7).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110515606.9A CN113232689B (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | Method for improving deformation resistance of elastic bushing and large-deformation elastic bushing |
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| CN202110515606.9A CN113232689B (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | Method for improving deformation resistance of elastic bushing and large-deformation elastic bushing |
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| CN113232689B true CN113232689B (en) | 2022-08-26 |
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| CN116062154A (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-05-05 | 广州诺森新材料科技有限公司 | Flexible bushing and aircraft propeller |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005005915A1 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2006-04-27 | Gummi-Metall-Technik Gmbh | Primary spring arrangement, in particular for wagon bogies of rail vehicles |
| CN101520076B (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2012-09-05 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Rigidity-changing elastic element and rigidity-changing method thereof |
| CN105443654A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-03-30 | 株洲名扬橡塑有限公司 | Conical rubber spring used for railway vehicle bogie |
| CN107387628B (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2023-04-18 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Motor node for motor car bogie and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110285173A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-27 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method and structure of volute spring stiffness tuning |
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