CN113224976A - Self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113224976A CN113224976A CN202110563731.7A CN202110563731A CN113224976A CN 113224976 A CN113224976 A CN 113224976A CN 202110563731 A CN202110563731 A CN 202110563731A CN 113224976 A CN113224976 A CN 113224976A
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of piezoelectric energy collection, and particularly relates to a self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit combining a mechanical switch and an electronic switch and an implementation method thereof. The invention designs a self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit, which comprises: a series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit having a mechanical switch as a first switch; and the buck-boost chopper circuit comprises an electronic switch as a second switch. The two switches of the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit provided by the invention respectively use the mechanical switch and the electronic switch, so that the secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit realizes self-power supply, and as the secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit, the extraction efficiency of the secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit is further improved relative to that of a synchronous charge extraction circuit, and the secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit has the advantage that the extraction power does not change along with the change of a load value relative to a standard vertebra energy extraction circuit and a series-parallel inductor synchronous charge extraction circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of piezoelectric energy collection, in particular to a secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit for realizing self-energy supply by combining a mechanical switch and an electronic switch and an implementation method thereof.
Background
With the development of wireless sensor networks and various low-power-consumption technologies, the problem of electric energy supply when the wireless sensor networks are used becomes the bottleneck of wide use of the wireless sensor networks, the piezoelectric elements can convert vibration energy in the environment into electric energy to supply power to the wireless sensor networks based on the piezoelectric effect, and the self-energy supply of the whole system can be realized by designing a high-efficiency piezoelectric energy collecting circuit. The design to the circuit among traditional piezoelectricity energy collection technique is a rectifier bridge usually, this kind of design is very limited to the scope and the efficiency of energy extraction, through researcher's extensive research, utilize inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit can further promote piezoelectric element voltage at voltage upset in-process, when different loads are connected to the rear end, the power of extracting can change along with the change of load, it can obtain secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit to combine it with the synchronous charge extraction circuit that the extraction power does not change along with the load, nevertheless owing to need control two switches, can cause more energy loss usually, this is not conform to the original intention that piezoelectricity energy was collected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit and an implementation method thereof, and the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit provided by the present invention has the advantages of high extraction efficiency and range, and no variation of extracted power with load variation.
The invention provides a self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit, which comprises a series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit and a buck-boost chopper circuit;
preferably, the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit comprises a mechanical switch, a diode D1, a diode D2, an inductor L1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1.
Preferably, the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 are used as envelope detectors.
Preferably, the buck-boost chopper circuit comprises a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, an inductor L2, a diode D3, a capacitor C2 and a load RL, and uses a transistor Q1 and a transistor Q2 as electronic switches.
Preferably, the mechanical switch comprises a cantilever beam, a piezoelectric element, a mass block, an elastic rod, a switch contact and a mass ball;
preferably, the switch contact and the mass ball are conductors.
Preferably, the cantilever beam, the mass block and the elastic rod are insulators.
Preferably, the lower surface of the piezoelectric element is connected with the mass ball by a lead.
Preferably, the switch contact 1 is connected to the switch contact 2 and to an external circuit, and finally returns to the upper surface of the piezoelectric element.
The invention provides the structure of the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit in the technical scheme, which comprises the following parts:
the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit utilizes a mechanical switch to control the switch;
the buck-boost chopper circuit utilizes an electronic switch to control the switching;
the mechanical switch is used as a first switch;
the electronic switch is used as a second switch;
the invention provides a self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit which comprises a secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit arranged on a series inductor synchronous switch extraction circuit and a buck-boost chopper circuit. According to the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit provided by the invention, the mechanical switch is arranged between the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuits, and the electronic switch is arranged between the buck-boost chopper circuits. The series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit comprises a mechanical switch, a diode D1, a diode D2, an inductor L1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1, wherein the mechanical switch comprises (1) a piezoelectric element, (2) a cantilever beam, (3) a clamp-type mass block, (4) an elastic rod, (5) a switch contact 1, (6) a mass ball and (7) a switch contact 2. The buck-boost chopper circuit comprises a triode Q1, a triode Q2, an inductor L2, a diode D3, a capacitor C2 and a load RL. The transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 are used as electronic switches.
The electronic switch is used for controlling whether the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit works or not, and the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit works when the displacement of the piezoelectric element reaches an extreme value; the mechanical switch is used for controlling whether the buck-boost chopper circuit works or not, the buck-boost chopper circuit works when the voltage in the first energy storage capacitor C1 reaches a certain value, and the energy in the inductor L2 is transmitted to the second energy storage capacitor C2 and the load RL when the electronic switch is switched off. The self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit provided by the invention controls the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit through the mechanical switch and the electronic switch, so that the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit has the advantages of high extraction efficiency and range and no change of extracted power along with the change of a load. The results of the embodiment show that the extracted power of the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit provided by the invention is five times of that of full-bridge rectification, and the extracted power does not change along with the change of the load resistance value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a complete circuit diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first switch and the operation of charging the first energy storage capacitor C1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the mechanical switch of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a series external circuit portion of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of comparative example 1;
FIG. 6 is a simplified circuit diagram of comparative example 2;
fig. 7 is a simplified circuit diagram of comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit, which comprises a series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit and a buck-boost chopper circuit;
the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit provided by the invention comprises a series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit, wherein the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit comprises a mechanical switch, a diode D1, a diode D2, an inductor L1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1;
the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit comprises a buck-boost chopper circuit, wherein the buck-boost chopper circuit comprises a triode Q1, a triode Q2, an inductor L2, a diode D3, a capacitor C2 and a load RL;
in the present invention, the mechanical switch includes (1) a piezoelectric element, (2) a cantilever beam, (3) a clip-type mass, (4) an elastic rod, (5) a switch contact 1, (6) a mass ball, (7) a switch contact 2;
in the invention, the switch contact and the mass ball are conductors;
in the invention, the cantilever beam, the mass block and the elastic rod are insulators;
in the invention, the lower surface of the piezoelectric element is connected with the mass ball by a lead;
in the invention, the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 are used as electronic switches;
in the invention, the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 form an envelope detector;
the invention provides a self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit structure in the technical scheme, which comprises the following parts:
the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit comprises a series inductor synchronous switch extraction circuit and a buck-boost chopper circuit;
the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit comprises a mechanical switch, a diode D1, a diode D2, an inductor L1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1;
the buck-boost chopper circuit comprises a triode Q1, a triode Q2, an inductor L2, a diode D3, a capacitor C2 and a load RL;
the mechanical switch comprises a cantilever beam, a piezoelectric element, a mass block, an elastic rod, a switch contact and a mass ball;
the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 are used as electronic switches;
the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 form an envelope detector;
the switch contact and the mass ball are conductors;
the cantilever beam, the mass block and the elastic rod are insulators;
the lower surface of the piezoelectric element is connected with the mass ball by a lead;
the switch contact 1 is connected to the switch contact 2 and to an external circuit, and finally returns to the upper surface of the piezoelectric element.
The mechanical switch is used as a first switch and is arranged in the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit; in the invention, the mechanical switch is used as the first switch in the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit, the position of the piezoelectric element is adjusted to ensure that the lower surface area stores negative charges when the piezoelectric element is bent upwards, the upper surface is positive, and the upper surface area stores negative charges when the piezoelectric element is bent downwards and the lower surface is positive. The electric energy accumulated by the piezoelectric element is extracted when the piezoelectric element reaches an extreme value, specifically, when the cantilever beam drives the piezoelectric element to bend upwards to reach a displacement extreme value, the mass ball is contacted with the switch contact 1, a circuit loop is conducted through L1 → D1 → R1 → C1, and the energy in the piezoelectric element is transferred to the first energy storage element C1; on the contrary, when the piezoelectric element bends downward to reach the displacement extreme value, the mass ball is contacted with the switch contact 2, and the circuit loop is conducted through R1 → C1 → D2 → L1, and the energy in the piezoelectric element is also transferred to the first energy storage element C1.
When the piezoelectric element is bent upwards or downwards to the extreme displacement value, the voltage applied to the capacitor C1 is positive, negative and positive, so that continuous energy accumulation can be achieved. In addition, in the invention, the contact between the mass ball and the switch contact is not instantly completed, and a period of time after the displacement of the piezoelectric element reaches an extreme value, taking upward bending as an example, when the upward bending reaches the extreme value, the downward bending is performed, and at the moment, the mass ball and the switch contact are not separated, and at the moment, an opposite voltage value is generated, but due to the action of the inductor L1, the opposite voltage value is further improved, namely, the voltage improvement effect on voltage overturning in the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit is realized. The invention selects the switching mode in the series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit, and has no special requirement on the selection of specific components.
The electronic switch is used as a second switch and is arranged in the buck-boost chopper circuit; in the invention, an electronic switch is used as a second switch in the buck-boost chopper circuit, the energy in the first energy storage capacitor C1 is detected by an envelope detector, when the energy in C1 reaches a certain value, voltage is applied to the base electrode of a triode Q1, the triode Q1 is conducted, the voltage in C1 is applied to the base electrode of a triode Q2 through Q1, and then the triode Q2 can also be conducted, so that the energy in the first energy storage capacitor C1 is transferred to an inductor L2 in the buck-boost chopper circuit through LC resonance. After the energy in the first energy storage capacitor C1 is transferred to L2, the second switch is opened and the energy in the inductor L2 starts to be transferred to the second energy storage capacitor C2 through LC resonance or directly power the load RL. The invention selects the switching mode in the buck-boost chopper circuit, and has no special requirement on the selection of specific components.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Examples
Fixing the mechanical switch on a wall, attaching and fixing the piezoelectric element on the cantilever beam, and enabling the bending degree of the piezoelectric element to be consistent with that of the cantilever beam when the cantilever beam is excited by external excitation, so as to ensure that the piezoelectric element and the cantilever beam reach an extreme displacement value simultaneously; a clip-shaped mass block is fixed at the tail end of the cantilever beam to increase the vibration effect during excitation, and a conductive metal ball is fixedly embedded at the tip of the clip shape to be used as a switch contact when the switch is contacted; inserting an elastic rod between the mass blocks, wherein the tail end of the elastic rod is inserted into the conductive mass ball; the whole device can vibrate when excitation is applied, and the two structures of the metal rod and the mass ball can also generate relative displacement relative to other structures, so that the mass ball can be contacted with a switch contact near the extreme value of the displacement of the piezoelectric element to achieve the action of closing the switch.
The lower surface of the piezoelectric element is connected with the mass ball by a lead so as to form a conductive path; and then the mechanical structure is connected with the external circuit part in series connection in the figure 4 by a lead, and the specific connection mode is as follows: the point A is connected with the upper surface of the piezoelectric element, the point B is connected with the switch contact 1, and the point C is connected with the switch contact 2. The series inductor synchronous switch extraction circuit for charging the first energy storage capacitor C1 is formed by the connection of fig. 3 and fig. 4, and the specific operation principle is shown in fig. 2. And then the resistor R1 and the first energy storage capacitor C1 are used as input ends of the buck-boost chopper circuit, and are connected with the complete circuit structure shown in the figure 1 by using an electronic switch.
Comparative example 1
The whole mechanical switch structure is kept still to ensure the contrast effect by using the piezoelectric element and the rectifier bridge formed by four diodes, but the lead wires need to be reconnected, specifically, the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric element are respectively connected with two alternating current input ends of the rectifier bridge, and the rear end of the piezoelectric element is connected with a capacitor and a load (namely a standard energy extraction circuit) which are the same as the second energy storage capacitor C2 in the embodiment.
Comparative example 2
The whole mechanical switch structure is still unchanged, the connection mode is the same as that of the comparative example, and a series switch containing an electronic switch and an inductance circuit (namely a series inductance synchronous switch energy extraction circuit) are added between the piezoelectric element and the rectifier bridge of the comparative example 1. The circuit after the rectifier bridge (including capacitor C2 and load RL) is the same as in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 3
The whole mechanical switch structure is still unchanged, the connection mode is the same as that of the comparative example, and a buck-boost chopper circuit (namely a synchronous charge extraction circuit) comprising R1, C1 and the following is connected between the rectifier bridge of the comparative example 1 and the capacitor C2 and the load RL. The values of the capacitor C2 and the load RL remain the same as in the embodiment.
Test example 1
By applying the same excitation to all the above-mentioned embodiments and comparative examples, the voltage value emitted by the piezoelectric element is large enough (much larger than the conduction threshold of the diode). The power value outputted by each circuit was tested on the basis of this excitation, and if the extracted power varies with the variation of the load, the resistance value at which the extracted power is the largest was selected for measurement, that is, the power value at which the power value measured when the resistance value was changed was the largest was selected and compared with the power extracted by the circuit of comparative example 1.
Table 1 comparison of extraction power between examples and comparative examples 1, 2 and 3
| Serial number | Whether the load has an influence on the output power | Ratio to maximum output Power of comparative example 1 |
| Comparative example 1 | Have an influence on | 1 |
| Comparative example 2 | Have an influence on | 7 |
| Comparative example 3 | Has no influence on | 4 |
| Examples | Has no influence on | 5 |
As can be seen from the results of table 1, the example of the present invention obtained five times the power of comparative example 1 (standard energy extraction circuit) by normalized calculation of the extraction efficiency of the piezoelectric element. Compared with the comparative example 3 (synchronous charge extraction circuit), the power recovery circuit has the advantages that the extracted power is not changed along with the load, and meanwhile, the power recovery is further improved; and compared with the comparative example 2 (series synchronous switch inductance circuit), the efficiency is slightly lower than that of the series synchronous switch inductance circuit, but the output power value is stable, which is very important for the power supply of the load. Moreover, the invention simplifies the rectifier bridge and the electronic switch, and the self-powered energy is obviously reflected when the voltage value is lower, and the operation of the circuit can be ensured when the extracted energy is lower.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit is characterized by comprising a secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit, a series inductor synchronous switch extraction circuit and a buck-boost chopper circuit, wherein the secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit is arranged on the series inductor synchronous switch extraction circuit;
2. the self-powered secondary synchronous switching energy extraction circuit of claim 1, wherein the series inductance synchronous switching extraction circuit comprises a mechanical switch, a diode D1, a diode D2, an inductance L1, a resistor R1, a capacitor C1;
3. the self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit of claim 1, wherein the buck-boost chopper circuit comprises a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, an inductor L2, a diode D3, a capacitor C2, and a load RL.
4. The series inductance synchronous switch extraction circuit of claim 2, wherein the mechanical switch comprises (1) a piezoelectric element, (2) a cantilever beam, (3) a clip-type mass, (4) a spring bar, (5) a switch contact 1, (6) a mass ball, (7) a switch contact 2;
5. the series inductor synchronous switch extraction circuit of claim 2, wherein the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 form an envelope detector.
6. The series inductor synchronous switch extraction circuit of claim 2, wherein the transistors Q1 and Q2 form an electronic switch.
7. The mechanical switch of claim 4, wherein the switch contact and the mass ball are conductors.
8. The mechanical switch of claim 4, wherein the cantilever beam, mass, and spring bar are insulators.
9. The mechanical switch of claim 4, wherein the lower surface of the piezoelectric element is connected to the mass ball by a wire.
10. Mechanical switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the switch contact 1 is connected to the switch contact 2 and to an external circuit, eventually to the upper surface of the piezoelectric element.
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| CN202110563731.7A CN113224976A (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | Self-powered secondary synchronous switch energy extraction circuit and implementation method thereof |
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| CN103427708A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-04 | 南京浩之德智能科技有限公司 | Broadband vibration energy recovery device based on piezoelectric materials |
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| CN106953542A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-07-14 | 上海科技大学 | A kind of mechanical displacement extreme value switch and its application in vibration energy harvesting |
| CN108540013A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-14 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of piezoelectric energy recovery device of integrated adaptive mechanical switch |
| CN108900113A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-27 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of synchronous charge-extraction of efficiently self-powered piezoelectricity and voltage reverse circuit |
| CN110829894A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-02-21 | 湖南工业大学 | Resonant piezoelectric power generation system and resonant inductance optimization method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-05-24 CN CN202110563731.7A patent/CN113224976A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103427708A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-04 | 南京浩之德智能科技有限公司 | Broadband vibration energy recovery device based on piezoelectric materials |
| CN203933163U (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-11-05 | 宁波大学 | A kind of self-powered piezoelectric vibration energy synchronous extraction circuit |
| CN106953542A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-07-14 | 上海科技大学 | A kind of mechanical displacement extreme value switch and its application in vibration energy harvesting |
| CN108540013A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-14 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of piezoelectric energy recovery device of integrated adaptive mechanical switch |
| CN108900113A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-27 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of synchronous charge-extraction of efficiently self-powered piezoelectricity and voltage reverse circuit |
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