CN113224521A - Multi-beam antenna based on electrically controllable parasitic radiators - Google Patents
Multi-beam antenna based on electrically controllable parasitic radiators Download PDFInfo
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- CN113224521A CN113224521A CN202110474648.2A CN202110474648A CN113224521A CN 113224521 A CN113224521 A CN 113224521A CN 202110474648 A CN202110474648 A CN 202110474648A CN 113224521 A CN113224521 A CN 113224521A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-beam antenna based on an electrically controllable parasitic radiator, which comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a first voltage control module and a second voltage control module, wherein the first dielectric plate is arranged on the first dielectric plate; the lower surface of the first dielectric plate is provided with a first copper-clad layer, and the upper surface of the first dielectric plate is provided with a grounding plate; the second dielectric plate is positioned above the first dielectric plate, and an air layer is formed between the second dielectric plate and the first dielectric plate; a second copper-clad layer is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate; the second copper-clad layer is respectively provided with a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch, a first parasitic patch, a second parasitic patch, a third parasitic patch, a fourth parasitic patch, a first variable capacitance diode, a second variable capacitance diode, a first patch inductor, a second patch inductor, a third patch inductor, a fourth patch inductor, a first voltage control interface, a second voltage control interface, a third voltage control interface and a fourth voltage control interface; the first copper-clad layer is provided with a feeder line, the feeder line feeds the first rectangular patch through the first coupling aperture, the feeder line feeds the second rectangular patch through the second coupling aperture, and the upper surface of the first dielectric plate and the first copper-clad layer are provided with input ports. The invention has simple and reliable structure, small volume, low cost, good characteristic and excellent performance on steering angle and gain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a multi-beam antenna based on an electrically controllable parasitic radiator.
Background
The rapid development of wireless communication systems over the last decade, the popularity of 4G and 5G technology applications and the high-speed growth of the number of wireless communication users have led to a proliferation of mobile data traffic and the need to connect more and more wireless devices and sensors. Modern communication systems are urgently required to sufficiently improve spectrum utilization within very limited spectrum resources. Beamforming technology is a signal processing technology that directionally transmits and receives signals using a specific antenna or an array antenna. By adjusting the parameters of the basic elements of the phased array or changing the performance of the antenna, signals at certain angles obtain constructive interference, while signals at other angles obtain destructive interference. Beamforming can be used for both signal transmitting and receiving ends. Electrically controllable parasitic radiators are widely used in the design of beamforming antennas due to their controllable, varying characteristics.
In recent years, in order to design a multi-beam antenna with simple structure, wide scanning range, and high gain, and good performance, researchers have proposed many methods using electrically controllable parasitic radiators, and many of them have demonstrated good performance: realizing beam forming and beam steering; however, this technique has some disadvantages: the introduction of parasitic elements can cause additional resonance or split resonant modes, the impedance characteristics of the antenna can be affected by the strong coupling when the driving antenna and the parasitic element are closely spaced, and the antenna structure is complicated by the large loading of diodes to the parasitic patch.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multi-beam antenna based on an electrically controllable parasitic radiator, wherein an electrically controllable parasitic patch is designed by loading a varactor in the center of the parasitic patch to realize beam steering, and after the influence of the distance between a driving patch and the parasitic patch and the width of the parasitic patch on the radiation performance is researched, a structure with the best radiation performance is selected, so that the whole antenna has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, small volume, low cost, good characteristics and excellent performance on steering angle and gain.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the multi-beam antenna based on the electrically controllable parasitic radiator comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a first voltage control module and a second voltage control module; the lower surface of the first dielectric plate is provided with a first copper-clad layer, and the upper surface of the first dielectric plate is provided with a grounding plate; the second dielectric plate is positioned above the first dielectric plate, and an air layer for improving the gain of the antenna is formed between the second dielectric plate and the first dielectric plate; a second copper-clad layer is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate, and a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch, a first parasitic patch, a second parasitic patch, a third parasitic patch, a fourth parasitic patch, a first varactor, a second varactor, a first patch inductor, a second patch inductor, a third patch inductor, a fourth patch inductor, a first voltage control interface, a second voltage control interface, a third voltage control interface and a fourth voltage control interface are respectively arranged on the second copper-clad layer; the first rectangular patch and the second rectangular patch are positioned in the middle of the second copper-clad layer, are in a bilateral symmetry structure and are used as main radiation sources of the whole antenna; the first parasitic patch and the second parasitic patch are connected through a first variable capacitance diode to form an electrically controllable parasitic radiator positioned on the left side of the first rectangular patch and are symmetrical with respect to the first variable capacitance diode, the third parasitic patch and the fourth parasitic patch are connected through a second variable capacitance diode to form an electrically controllable parasitic radiator positioned on the right side of the second rectangular patch and are symmetrical with respect to the second variable capacitance diode, and the current distribution generated by the two electrically controllable parasitic radiators is different by adjusting the capacitance values of the first variable capacitance diode and the second variable capacitance diode, so that the control of the beam direction is realized; the first voltage control interface is connected with the first parasitic patch through a first patch inductor, the first voltage control module is connected with the first voltage control interface, and the first patch inductor is used for preventing current of the first parasitic patch from entering the first voltage control module through the first voltage control interface; the second voltage control interface is connected with the second parasitic patch through a second patch inductor, the first voltage control module is connected with the second voltage control interface, and the second patch inductor is used for preventing the current of the second parasitic patch from entering the first voltage control module through the second voltage control interface; the third voltage control interface is connected with a third parasitic patch through a third patch inductor, the second voltage control module is connected with the third voltage control interface, and the third patch inductor is used for preventing the current of the third parasitic patch from entering the second voltage control module through the third voltage control interface; the fourth voltage control interface is connected with a fourth parasitic patch through a fourth patch inductor, the second voltage control module is connected with the fourth voltage control interface, and the fourth patch inductor is used for preventing the current of the fourth parasitic patch from entering the second voltage control module through the fourth voltage control interface; the antenna comprises a grounding plate, a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch, a feeder line, a first copper-clad layer, a second copper-clad layer and a first dielectric plate, wherein the grounding plate is provided with a first coupling aperture and a second coupling aperture respectively, the first copper-clad layer is provided with the feeder line, the feeder line feeds the first rectangular patch through the first coupling aperture, the feeder line feeds the second rectangular patch through the second coupling aperture, the upper surface of the first dielectric plate and the first copper-clad layer are provided with input ports, and the whole antenna is fed through the input ports.
Further, the first parasitic patch, the second parasitic patch, the third parasitic patch and the fourth parasitic patch are the same in size and are all larger than a quarter wavelength of the designed frequency of the antenna.
Further, the inductance values of the first chip inductor, the second chip inductor, the third chip inductor and the fourth chip inductor are the same.
Furthermore, the dielectric constant, the loss tangent and the thickness of the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate are the same.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the antenna uses the electrically controllable parasitic radiator as a parasitic patch structure, can realize beam steering by controlling the capacitor, and does not need to use a phase shifter.
2. The test proves that the steering angle of the antenna reaches +/-30 degrees, the gain range is kept at 9dBi, and the antenna has high gain while ensuring a large-angle scanning range.
3. The antenna has simple and reliable structure design, small volume and low cost, and can be suitable for various communication systems.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a medium of an antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a patch structure diagram of the antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the feed and coupling apertures of the antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing simulation results of beam directions of the antenna of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows the S of the antenna of the present invention11And (5) measuring result graphs.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of gain measurements in various directions of the antenna of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the multi-beam antenna based on an electrically controllable parasitic radiator provided in this embodiment includes a first dielectric plate 1, a second dielectric plate 2, a first voltage control module 21, and a second voltage control module 22; the lower surface of the first dielectric plate 1 is provided with a first copper-clad layer 3, and the upper surface of the first dielectric plate is provided with a grounding plate 4; the second dielectric plate 2 is positioned above the first dielectric plate 1, and an air layer 6 is formed between the second dielectric plate and the first dielectric plate, wherein the air layer 6 mainly plays a role in improving the gain of the antenna; a second copper-clad layer 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric slab 2, and a first rectangular patch 7, a second rectangular patch 8, a first parasitic patch 9, a second parasitic patch 10, a third parasitic patch 11, a fourth parasitic patch 12, a first varactor C1, a second varactor C2, a first patch inductor 13, a second patch inductor 14, a third patch inductor 15, a fourth patch inductor 16, a first voltage control interface 17, a second voltage control interface 18, a third voltage control interface 19 and a fourth voltage control interface 20 are respectively arranged on the second copper-clad layer 5; the first rectangular patch 7 and the second rectangular patch 8 are positioned in the middle of the second copper-clad layer 5, are in a bilateral symmetry structure and are used as main radiation sources of the whole antenna; the first parasitic patch 9 and the second parasitic patch 10 are connected through a first varactor C1 to form an electrically controllable parasitic radiator located on the left side of the first rectangular patch 7 and are symmetrical with respect to the first varactor C1, the third parasitic patch 11 and the fourth parasitic patch 12 are connected through a second varactor C2 to form an electrically controllable parasitic radiator located on the right side of the second rectangular patch 8 and are symmetrical with respect to the second varactor C2, and the current distributions generated by the two electrically controllable parasitic radiators are different by adjusting the capacitance values of the first varactor C1 and the second varactor C2, so that the beam direction is controlled; the first voltage control interface 17 is connected with the first parasitic patch 9 through a first patch inductor 13, the first voltage control module 21 is connected with the first voltage control interface 17, and the first patch inductor 13 is used for preventing the current of the first parasitic patch 9 from entering the first voltage control module 21 through the first voltage control interface 17; the second voltage control interface 18 is connected to the second parasitic patch 10 through the second patch inductor 14, the first voltage control module 21 is connected to the second voltage control interface 18, and the second patch inductor 14 functions to block the current of the second parasitic patch 10 from entering the first voltage control module 21 through the second voltage control interface 18; the third voltage control interface 19 is connected to the third parasitic patch 11 through the third patch inductor 15, the second voltage control module 22 is connected to the third voltage control interface 19, and the third patch inductor 15 functions to block the current of the third parasitic patch 11 from entering the second voltage control module 22 through the third voltage control interface 19; the fourth voltage control interface 20 is connected to the fourth parasitic patch 12 through the fourth patch inductor 16, the second voltage control module 22 is connected to the fourth voltage control interface 20, and the fourth patch inductor 16 functions to prevent the current of the fourth parasitic patch 12 from entering the second voltage control module 22 through the fourth voltage control interface 20; the ground plate 4 is respectively provided with a first coupling aperture 23 and a second coupling aperture 24, the first copper-clad layer 3 is provided with a feeder 26, the feeder 26 feeds the first rectangular patch 7 through the first coupling aperture 23, the feeder 26 feeds the second rectangular patch 8 through the second coupling aperture 24, the upper surface of the first dielectric plate and the first copper-clad layer 3 are provided with input ports, and the whole antenna is fed through the input ports.
In the design, the dielectric constant of each of the first dielectric plate 1 and the second dielectric plate 2 is 2.55, and the loss tangent is 0.0029. The thickness of the first dielectric plate 1 and the second dielectric plate 2 is 1.5 mm; the thickness of the air layer is 2 mm. The first parasitic patch 9, the second parasitic patch 10, the third parasitic patch 11 and the fourth parasitic patch 12 are the same size, slightly larger than a quarter wavelength of the designed frequency. The values of the first chip inductor 13, the second chip inductor 14, the third chip inductor 15 and the fourth chip inductor 16 are all 25 nH.
Referring to fig. 4, a simulation result of the beam direction of the antenna of the present embodiment is shown. From the simulation results it can be seen that the different capacitance values are set such that the beam direction can be changed from-30 ° to +30 °.
Referring to fig. 5, S of the antenna of the present embodiment is shown11And (5) simulation results. As can be seen from the simulation results, the reflection coefficient S is not substantially changed when different capacitance values are changed11The characteristic of (c).
Referring to fig. 6, a simulation result of the gain of the antenna in each direction is shown. From the simulation results, it can be seen that the gain remains substantially at 9dBi when the beam direction is changed.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. Multibeam antenna based on electrically controllable parasitic radiator, its characterized in that: the power supply comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a first voltage control module and a second voltage control module; the lower surface of the first dielectric plate is provided with a first copper-clad layer, and the upper surface of the first dielectric plate is provided with a grounding plate; the second dielectric plate is positioned above the first dielectric plate, and an air layer for improving the gain of the antenna is formed between the second dielectric plate and the first dielectric plate; a second copper-clad layer is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate, and a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch, a first parasitic patch, a second parasitic patch, a third parasitic patch, a fourth parasitic patch, a first varactor, a second varactor, a first patch inductor, a second patch inductor, a third patch inductor, a fourth patch inductor, a first voltage control interface, a second voltage control interface, a third voltage control interface and a fourth voltage control interface are respectively arranged on the second copper-clad layer; the first rectangular patch and the second rectangular patch are positioned in the middle of the second copper-clad layer, are in a bilateral symmetry structure and are used as main radiation sources of the whole antenna; the first parasitic patch and the second parasitic patch are connected through a first variable capacitance diode to form an electrically controllable parasitic radiator positioned on the left side of the first rectangular patch and are symmetrical with respect to the first variable capacitance diode, the third parasitic patch and the fourth parasitic patch are connected through a second variable capacitance diode to form an electrically controllable parasitic radiator positioned on the right side of the second rectangular patch and are symmetrical with respect to the second variable capacitance diode, and the current distribution generated by the two electrically controllable parasitic radiators is different by adjusting the capacitance values of the first variable capacitance diode and the second variable capacitance diode, so that the control of the beam direction is realized; the first voltage control interface is connected with the first parasitic patch through a first patch inductor, the first voltage control module is connected with the first voltage control interface, and the first patch inductor is used for preventing current of the first parasitic patch from entering the first voltage control module through the first voltage control interface; the second voltage control interface is connected with the second parasitic patch through a second patch inductor, the first voltage control module is connected with the second voltage control interface, and the second patch inductor is used for preventing the current of the second parasitic patch from entering the first voltage control module through the second voltage control interface; the third voltage control interface is connected with a third parasitic patch through a third patch inductor, the second voltage control module is connected with the third voltage control interface, and the third patch inductor is used for preventing the current of the third parasitic patch from entering the second voltage control module through the third voltage control interface; the fourth voltage control interface is connected with a fourth parasitic patch through a fourth patch inductor, the second voltage control module is connected with the fourth voltage control interface, and the fourth patch inductor is used for preventing the current of the fourth parasitic patch from entering the second voltage control module through the fourth voltage control interface; the antenna comprises a grounding plate, a first rectangular patch, a second rectangular patch, a feeder line, a first copper-clad layer, a second copper-clad layer and a first dielectric plate, wherein the grounding plate is provided with a first coupling aperture and a second coupling aperture respectively, the first copper-clad layer is provided with the feeder line, the feeder line feeds the first rectangular patch through the first coupling aperture, the feeder line feeds the second rectangular patch through the second coupling aperture, the upper surface of the first dielectric plate and the first copper-clad layer are provided with input ports, and the whole antenna is fed through the input ports.
2. The multi-beam antenna based on electrically controllable parasitic radiators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first parasitic patch, the second parasitic patch, the third parasitic patch and the fourth parasitic patch are the same in size and are all larger than a quarter wavelength of the designed frequency of the antenna.
3. The multi-beam antenna based on electrically controllable parasitic radiators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inductance values of the first chip inductor, the second chip inductor, the third chip inductor and the fourth chip inductor are the same.
4. The multi-beam antenna based on electrically controllable parasitic radiators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate have the same dielectric constant, loss tangent and thickness.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110474648.2A CN113224521A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Multi-beam antenna based on electrically controllable parasitic radiators |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110474648.2A CN113224521A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Multi-beam antenna based on electrically controllable parasitic radiators |
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| CN113224521A true CN113224521A (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109980344A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-05 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of electricity harmonic beam scanning micro-strip paster antenna |
| CN110808468A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-18 | 华南理工大学 | Wave beam reconfigurable wide stop band suppression filter antenna |
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2021
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202110474648.2A patent/CN113224521A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109980344A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-05 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of electricity harmonic beam scanning micro-strip paster antenna |
| CN110808468A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-18 | 华南理工大学 | Wave beam reconfigurable wide stop band suppression filter antenna |
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Application publication date: 20210806 |