CN113223908A - Device for indicating the state of a fuse and disconnecting switch device - Google Patents
Device for indicating the state of a fuse and disconnecting switch device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113223908A CN113223908A CN202010080887.5A CN202010080887A CN113223908A CN 113223908 A CN113223908 A CN 113223908A CN 202010080887 A CN202010080887 A CN 202010080887A CN 113223908 A CN113223908 A CN 113223908A
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 92
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/30—Means for indicating condition of fuse structurally associated with the fuse
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Abstract
Apparatus for indicating fuse state and a disconnector apparatus are described herein. An apparatus for indicating the state of a fuse comprising: a plurality of fuse state indicators respectively coupled to two terminals of fuses in corresponding ones of the multi-phase circuits and configured to respectively output visual indications corresponding to conduction or disconnection of the fuses.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates generally to the field of fuse isolation switches, and more particularly to an apparatus for indicating the state of a fuse.
Background
Fuses may also be referred to as fuses and are used in various electrical systems for protecting the electrical systems. Fuses create an open circuit under unsafe electrical conditions, such as an overload, thereby preventing current from flowing to a particular component of the electrical system. In addition, a fault operation or blowing due to the life span of the fuse may also cause an open circuit. To recover the current, the blown fuse must be found and replaced with another working fuse. An Electronic Fuse Monitoring (EFM) module is generally used as a fuse blow indication module for remote alarm, which may be automatically reset after a fuse is replaced. Typically, the EFM module is installed in the fuse device and requires circuitry to support the communication function. Visual indicators are typically attached in the EFM module to locally display fuse states.
Indicators for fuses have been proposed that employ Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). Current fuse devices with EFM modules use LEDs to indicate fuse status. Since the LED-based three-phase fuse indicator is implemented by a relatively complex circuit design, it has a relatively high cost. Typically, LED-based fuse indicators have a single phase design to indicate the conduction and disconnection of fuses in a single phase electrical system. In addition, the LED is a small-sized point light source. If a large area of scattered light is required, the use of an LED alone may not be sufficient or provide sufficient illumination for status indication.
It is desirable to integrate the means for indicating the state of the fuse into the EFM module so that the operator can easily find the fuse to be replaced after receiving the alarm signal. Further, it would be desirable to provide an improved means for indicating fuse state at low cost and in a simple design to replace LED-based fuse indicators.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus for indicating fuse states that can be applied to a multi-phase fuse at low cost and simple design and integrated into a fuse product.
According to one aspect, an apparatus for indicating a state of a fuse is provided. The device includes: a plurality of fuse state indicators respectively coupled to two terminals of fuses in corresponding ones of the multi-phase circuits and configured to respectively output visual indications corresponding to conduction or disconnection of the fuses.
In some embodiments, the fuse state indicator comprises: an electrical control element electrically coupled in parallel to the fuse and configured to output the visual indication based on a voltage applied to the electrical control element.
In some embodiments, the electrically controlled element is configured to: if the fuse is turned on, it is in a first state where an operating voltage is not applied, and a visual indication corresponding to the first state is output; and if the fuse is opened, being in a second state to which an operating voltage is applied, and outputting a visual indication corresponding to the second state.
In some embodiments, the electrically controllable element comprises a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer.
In some embodiments, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer comprises nematic liquid crystals.
In some embodiments, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer comprises at least one of the following properties: a nematic isotropic transition temperature above 90 ℃, a light transmission below 80%, and a light transmission below 5.0X 107Resistivity of Ω · m.
In some embodiments, wherein the electrical control element further comprises: a background layer disposed under the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer; and a spacer layer disposed between the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer and the background layer.
In some embodiments, the spacing layer is a layer of dielectric material, is composed of a solid or fluid-like dielectric material, and includes an air layer, a solid transparent insulating layer, or a dielectric gel layer.
In some embodiments, if the fuse is on, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is in a non-transparent state and the fuse state indicator outputs a visual indication corresponding to the non-transparent state of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, and if the fuse is off, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is in a transparent state and the fuse state indicator outputs a visual indication corresponding to the background layer.
In some embodiments, the electrically controllable element comprises an electroluminescent layer.
In some embodiments, the electroluminescent layer comprises at least one of the following properties: response time of less than 1 second in-35 deg.C to 90 deg.C, no response time under 200V and 50Hz operating conditionsLess than 20cd/m2Brightness of (2), no hysteresis during operation, a threshold voltage of not more than 200V, and not less than 2 x 106Breakdown field of V/cm.
In some embodiments, if the fuse is on, the electroluminescent layer is in a non-emitting state and the fuse state indicator outputs a visual indication corresponding to the non-emitting state of the electroluminescent layer, and if the fuse is off, the electroluminescent layer is in an emitting state and the fuse state indicator outputs a visual indication corresponding to the emitting state of the electroluminescent layer.
In some embodiments, the fuse state indicator further comprises a first resistor coupled between a first terminal of the fuse and a first terminal of the electrically controlled element, wherein the first terminal of the electrically controlled element is electrically coupled to the first terminal of the fuse and the second terminal of the electrically controlled element is electrically coupled to the second terminal of the fuse.
In some embodiments, the fuse state indicator further comprises a second resistor electrically coupled in parallel to the electrical control element.
In some embodiments, the fuse state indicator further comprises a zener diode electrically coupled in parallel to the electrical control element.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: a housing configured to house the fuse state indicator; and a window configured to be disposed on the housing in correspondence with the fuse state indicator such that the fuse state indicator outputs the visual indication through the window.
In some embodiments, the window comprises one of: a polygonal shape, a ring shape, a symbol shape, or a character shape.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: logic circuitry coupled to the fuse and configured to generate a signal representative of a state of the fuse based on an operating parameter of the fuse.
According to another aspect, a disconnector arrangement is provided. The disconnecting switch device comprises: a plurality of fuses each provided in a corresponding one of the multi-phase circuits; and an apparatus as described above.
According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for indicating the state of a fuse can be coupled to both terminals of a corresponding fuse in a multi-phase fuse at low cost and simple design, and easily integrated into a fuse product without changing an existing circuit structure. The apparatus for indicating the state of the fuse avoids a complicated structure and circuit design, thereby improving flexibility of product design and saving manufacturing costs. The means for indicating the state of the fuse can be easily integrated into a multiphase fuse product, making positioning and replacement of the blown fuse easier and saving operating time. Indicators based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal and electroluminescence have a larger visible area than LEDs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for indicating fuse states according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating an apparatus for indicating fuse states according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional schematic view illustrating an electrical control element included in a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic view illustrating an electrical control element included in a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic illustrating a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a circuit schematic illustrating a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a circuit schematic illustrating a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 8A and 8B are schematic diagrams illustrating an apparatus for indicating fuse states according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams illustrating an apparatus for indicating fuse states according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a disconnector arrangement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the various elements of the drawings are not necessarily to scale and that like reference numerals are used to identify like elements illustrated in one or more of the drawings.
Detailed Description
The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the various concepts. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.
Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) is a reversible electrically controllable material. In the absence or presence of an electrical potential, PDLC can change the optical properties of light transmittance and transparency in less than one second. These flexible PDLC films are currently widely used in vision products such as smart windows, automobile skylights, and large area displays.
For example, patent application publication WO2004023151a1 proposes that the PDLC film be used as an indicator of the voltage present in high, medium and low voltage electrically powered devices, power distribution devices and transmission lines. In this scheme, the PDLC indicator is not electrically connected to the test voltage. Furthermore, patent application publication WO2015140580a1 proposes the use of a PDLC film as an indicator of the presence of electrical power. In this scenario, the PDLC film is used as a visual indicator to show the presence of voltage in the irrigation solenoid or irrigation decoder. PDLC films are typically powered by AC, which is electrically connected to electrical wires for controlling irrigation valves, and do not require circuit design.
Electroluminescent (EL) materials are another reversible, electrically controllable material. When a high electric field is applied to the EL film, the EL film can convert electric energy into non-thermal emission light in less than one second. Typical applications of EL materials are in outdoor advertising, information lighting and art/fashion creation. EL materials are flexible materials and can therefore be freely tailored to complex shapes. The EL film has a large illumination area and uniform surface illuminance.
For example, patent publication US 608989893 proposes the use of EL material in a light-emitting electrical socket. In this solution, the socket employs a flat lamp that emits light through the EL material. The two insulated electrical conductors allow the planar EL lamp to be connected to an AC power source, which causes the EL lamp to produce visible light when an AC current is applied thereto. Further, patent application publication US2008/0166914a1 proposes a power supply apparatus having a light-emitting socket. The power strip has six sockets surrounded by illumination means. The continuous illuminating member is made of EL material. The EL material is electrically connected so that the illuminating member emits light as long as power is supplied to the power supply board.
In general, embodiments of the present disclosure employ a scheme that couples a visual status indicator to both terminals of a fuse in a phase circuit. In this way, the status indicator outputs a visual indication corresponding to the turning on or off of the fuse without changing the existing circuit configuration in the fuse product. In various embodiments, it is only necessary to electrically couple the fuse state indicator in parallel to two terminals of the fuse in the phase circuit. Thus, the circuit and structural design of the visual fuse state indicator can be easily integrated into an existing EFM module, thereby enabling an operator to easily find a fuse to be replaced in the field after receiving an alarm signal from the EFM module. Also, the fuse state indicator for each phase in the multi-phase circuit is coupled to both terminals of the fuse of the corresponding phase, thereby implementing a visual state indicator for the multi-phase fuse at low cost and with a simple design.
In various embodiments, the fuse state indicator is constructed by using PDLC and/or EL materials as visual indicators to identify the on or off state of the fuse. In this way, the fuse state indicator is easily coupled in parallel to both terminals of the respective fuse of the multiphase fuse by a simple circuit and structural design of the PDLC and/or EL, and the fuse state indicator is easily integrated into the EFM module. The solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure has a simple design and lower cost, and has a larger visible area and display effect, compared to the conventional solution based on LEDs.
Various example embodiments of the disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to various embodiments in conjunction with the following figures.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for indicating fuse states according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus 100 includes a fuse state indicator 102, the fuse state indicator 102 being coupled to two terminals of a fuse 110 in a phase circuit. Although only one fuse state indicator 102 is shown in fig. 1, the apparatus 100 may include a plurality of fuse state indicators 102, the plurality of fuse state indicators 102 being respectively coupled to two terminals of a corresponding phase of the fuse 110 in the multi-phase circuit. The plurality of fuse state indicators 102 each indicate a state of a fuse in a respective phase circuit in the multi-phase electrical system. In the case where the phase circuit normally operates, the fuse 110 is turned on. In the event of excessive current in the phase circuit or failure of the fuse 110, the fuse 110 opens.
The fuse state indicator 102 is configured to output a visual indication corresponding to the turning on or off of the fuse 110. In some embodiments, if the fuse 110 is conductive, the fuse state indicator 102 is in a first state and outputs a visual indication corresponding to the first state. In the first state, the fuse state indicator 102 may output a display of a predetermined color or state to visually indicate normal conduction of the corresponding fuse 110. In some embodiments, if the fuse 110 is open, the fuse state indicator 102 is in the second state and outputs a visual indication corresponding to the second state. In the second state, the fuse state indicator 102 may output a display of a predetermined color or state to visually indicate the opening of the corresponding fuse 110. In this manner, the fuse state indicator 102 may provide a visual indication that an operator may easily find the fuse 110 to be replaced in the field.
In some embodiments, the fuse state indicator 102 may include an electrically controlled element. The electrical control element is electrically coupled in parallel to the fuse 110 and is configured to output a visual indication based on a voltage applied to the electrical control element. If the fuse 110 is turned on, the electric control element is in a first state where the operation voltage is not applied, and outputs a visual indication corresponding to the first state. If the fuse 110 is opened, the electric control element is in the second state to which the operation voltage is applied, and outputs a visual indication corresponding to the second state. The electronic control element may output a color or display of states corresponding to the first and second states to visually indicate the turning on and off of the fuse 110. Here, the operation voltage refers to a voltage that enables the electric control element to normally operate. If the fuse 110 is in a conducting state, no operating voltage is applied to the electrical control element.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus 100 may further include a logic circuit 104. The logic circuit 104 is coupled to a fuse 110. In some embodiments, the logic circuit 104 may be coupled to the fuse 110 in any known manner to monitor an operating parameter of the fuse 110. For example, the operating parameters may include current, voltage, temperature, humidity, vibration, and the like. The logic circuit 104 is configured to generate a signal representative of a state of the fuse 110 based on an operating parameter of the fuse 110. In this manner, the signal may be output to an operator's terminal, enabling the operator to remotely confirm the state of the fuse 110. In some embodiments, the logic circuit 104 may generate a signal representing the state of the fuse 110 in a manner known in the art.
Since the fuse state indicator 102 only needs to be coupled across the fuse 110 to two terminals of the fuse 110, the fuse state indicator 102 can be applied to the fuse 110 as well as to a multi-phase circuit in a simple design. In this way, complex circuit designs are avoided, thereby increasing product design flexibility and saving manufacturing costs. In addition, the fuse state indicator 102 may be easily integrated with the logic circuit 104 coupled to the fuse 110 as a module.
In some embodiments, the apparatus 100 may be applied to a fuse product that includes one or more phase fuses. In some embodiments, the apparatus 100 may be applied to various fuse products including an EFM module that functions as a blow indication module for fuses for remote alarms. In some embodiments, the apparatus 100 may include an EFM module, and the EFM module includes the logic 104. In other embodiments, the apparatus 100 may be integrated into an EFM module, with the logic circuitry 104 serving as processing circuitry for the EFM module and the fuse state indicator 102 serving as an additional visual indicator.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating an apparatus for indicating fuse states according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the device 100 includes a housing 202. The housing 202 is configured to house the fuse state indicator 102. The housing 202 may further house the logic circuitry 104. The housing 202 may protect the fuse state indicator 102 and the logic circuit 104. The housing 202 may be a housing of a fuse product.
In some embodiments, the apparatus 100 further includes a window 204, the window 204 configured to be disposed on the housing 202 in correspondence with the fuse state indicator 102 such that the fuse state indicator 102 outputs a visual indication through the window 204. The size of the window 204 may correspond to the size of the fuse state indicator 102 such that a visual indication of the fuse state indicator 102 can be observed. The window 204 may include one of a polygonal shape, a circular shape, a symbol shape, or a character shape to provide a visual indication of a desired shape. In this way, a visual indication of the desired display size, shape or pattern may be observed.
Additionally, the apparatus 100 may further include a printed circuit board 206, and the fuse state indicator 102 and the logic circuitry 104 may be disposed on the printed circuit board 206. Although fig. 2 shows the fuse state indicator 102 and the logic circuit 104 as two separate modules disposed on the printed circuit board 206, embodiments of the present disclosure are not so limited. In other embodiments, the fuse state indicator 102 and the logic circuit 104 are disposed on the printed circuit board 206 as an integrated module.
Although figure 2 illustrates the fuse state indicator 102 disposed inside the housing 202 and outputting a visual indication through the window 204, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the fuse state indicator 102 may be disposed on an exterior surface of the housing 202. In such embodiments, the window 204 may be disposed on the housing 202 corresponding to the electrical connection terminals of the fuse state indicator 102 such that the window 204 may receive the protruding electrical connection terminals and the electrical connection wires of the fuse state indicator 102 are coupled to the printed circuit board 206 through the window 204.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional schematic view illustrating an electrical control element 300 included in a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, a Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) based fuse state indicator is provided, wherein an electrically controlled element 300 is shown in fig. 3.
In some embodiments, the electrically controlled element 300 includes a PDLC layer 302. The PDLC layer 302 is electrically coupled in parallel to the corresponding fuse 110. The PDLC layer 302 comprises a temperature-resistant PDLC material. The PDLC layer 302 may be a PDLC film. In some embodiments, the PDLC layer 302 may function properly over a wide temperature range of-35 ℃ to 90 ℃. The PDLC layer 302 also has very good long term thermal stability. The PDLC layer 302 may include nematic liquid crystals. The PDLC layer 302 may include at least one of the following attributes: a nematic isotropic transition temperature above 90 ℃, a light transmission below 80%, and a light transmission below 5.0X 107Resistivity of Ω · m. The PDLC layer 302 may operate properly under both ac and dc power.
In some embodiments, the electronic control element 300 further comprises a background layer 304. A background layer 304 may be disposed below the PDLC layer 302. Additionally, a background layer 304 may be disposed over the printed circuit board 206. The background layer 304 may have a set color. In some embodiments, the background layer 304 may have a color to indicate that the fuse 110 is open. For example, the color is red to alert the fuse 110 to open. In some embodiments, the background layer 304 may be provided with a character to indicate that the fuse 110 is open.
In some embodiments, the electrically controlled element 300 further comprises a spacer layer 306. A spacer layer 306 is disposed between the PDLC layer 302 and the background layer 304. The PDLC layer 302 does not directly contact the background layer 304. The spacer layer 306 may be a layer of dielectric material, which may be a solid or a fluid, such as a layer of air, a transparent solid insulating layer, or a layer of dielectric gel. A better visual indication may be obtained by providing a layer of dielectric material having a certain thickness between the PDLC layer 302 and the background layer 304.
In some embodiments, the electrically controlled element 300 further comprises a protective layer 308. A protective layer 308 is disposed over the PDLC layer 302. The protective layer 308 may be a transparent protective cover. In some embodiments, the protective layer 308 may be disposed within the window 204 of the housing 202. A protective layer 308 may be disposed on the same plane as the housing 202 to facilitate viewing of the state of the fuse.
In some embodiments, if the fuse 110 is opened due to blowing or a failure, the corresponding electric control element 300 is applied with an operating voltage, the PDLC layer 302 is electrically conducted, and thus the PDLC layer 302 is in a transparent state. At this time, the electronic control unit 300 outputs a visual indication corresponding to the background layer 304. Specifically, since the PDLC layer 302 is in a transparent state, the background layer 304 under the PDLC layer 302 can be observed. That is, the color and/or character of the background layer 304 may be viewed through the PDLC layer 302 in the transparent state as a visual indication that the fuse 110 is open. In this manner, the fuse state indicator 102 may provide a visual indication that the fuse 110 is open by passively emitting light.
In some embodiments, if fuse 110 is turned on due to normal operation, electrical control element 300 is not applied with an operating voltage, PDLC layer 302 is not electrically conducted, and thus PDLC layer 302 is in a non-transparent state. At this time, the electronic control element 300 outputs a visual indication corresponding to the non-transparent state of the PDLC layer 302. Specifically, since the PDLC layer 302 is in a non-transparent state, the background layer 304 under the PDLC layer 302 is masked. Thus, only the PDLC layer 302 in the non-transparent state is observed as a visual indication that the fuse 110 is conducting. The PDLC layer 302 has a particular color when in a non-transparent state.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the PDLC based electric control element is electrically coupled in parallel to both terminals of the fuse and thus easily installed into the multiphase circuit. In this way, the conduction and the disconnection of the multiphase fuse are visually indicated with a simple structure and circuit design, a complicated design is avoided, thereby improving the flexibility of product design and saving the manufacturing cost. Multiphase fuse state indication makes positioning and replacement of an open fuse easier and saves operating time. Furthermore, PDLC based indicators have a larger viewing area than LEDs.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic view illustrating an electrical control element 400 included in a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, an Electroluminescent (EL) material based fuse state indicator is provided, wherein an electrically controlled element 400 is shown in fig. 4.
In some embodiments, electrically controllable element 400 includes an EL layer 402. The EL layer 402 may be disposed over the printed circuit board 206. The EL layer 402 may emit light of a set color when electrically conductive. The EL layer 402 includes at least one of the following properties: a response time of less than 1 second in the range of-35 ℃ to 90 ℃, a luminance of not less than 20cd/m2 under 200V and 50Hz operating conditions, no hysteresis during operation, a threshold voltage of not more than 200V, and not less than 2 x 106Breakdown field of V/cm.
In some embodiments, the electronic control element 400 further comprises a protective layer 404. A protective layer 404 is disposed over the EL layer 402. The protective layer 404 may be a transparent protective cover. In some embodiments, the protective layer 404 may be disposed within the window 204 of the housing 202. The protective layer 404 may be disposed on the same plane as the housing 202 to facilitate viewing of the state of the fuse. In other embodiments, the EL layer 402 and the protective layer 404 may be disposed on the outer surface of the housing 202. At this time, the EL layer 402 and the protective layer 404 may have an arbitrary shape to output a visual output of a desired shape.
In some embodiments, if the fuse 110 is opened due to blowing or a failure, the corresponding electrically controlled element 400 is applied with an operating voltage, the EL layer 402 is electrically conducted, and thus the EL layer 402 is in a light emitting state. At this time, the electronic control unit 400 outputs a visual indication corresponding to the light-emitting state. When the EL layer 402 is in a light-emitting state, light emitted from the EL layer 402 can be observed. That is, the shape of the EL layer 402 and the color of the light can be observed as a visual indication that the fuse 110 is open. In this manner, the fuse state indicator 102 may provide a visual indication that the fuse 110 is open by actively emitting light.
In some embodiments, if fuse 110 is turned on due to normal operation, electrically controlled element 400 is not applied with an operating voltage, EL layer 402 is not electrically conducted, and thus EL layer 402 is in a non-light emitting state. At this time, the electronic control element 400 outputs a visual indication corresponding to the non-light emission state of the EL layer 402. Specifically, since the EL layer 402 is in a non-light emitting state, no light is emitted from the EL layer 402. Accordingly, the EL layer 402, which is not emitting light, is observed as a visual indication that the fuse 110 is conducting. The EL layer 402 exhibits a dark state when in a non-emitting state.
According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the EL-based electric control element is electrically coupled in parallel to both terminals of the fuse, and is easily installed into the multiphase circuit. In this way, the conduction and the disconnection of the multiphase fuse are visually indicated with a simple structure and circuit design, a complicated design is avoided, thereby improving the flexibility of product design and saving the manufacturing cost. Multiphase fuse state indication makes positioning and replacement of an open fuse easier and saves operating time. In addition, EL-based indicators have a larger viewable area than LEDs. The EL-based indicator can be freely customized to any character, symbol, pattern, or any combination thereof. The brightness on the EL-based indicator surface is uniform from all perspectives of the display area. The light emitted by the EL layer may have a plurality of colors set or combined. The EL-based indicator can be mounted directly anywhere on the fuse product cover. In addition, the EL-based indicator may operate in dark areas.
FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic illustrating a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 5 shows three-phase fuses L1, L2, L3 and electric control elements E1, E2, E3 for a three-phase system electrically coupled in parallel to fuses L1, L2, L3, respectively. First terminals of the electric control elements E1, E2, E3 are electrically coupled to first terminals of fuses L1, L2, L3, respectively, and second terminals of the electric control elements E1, E2, E3 are electrically coupled to second terminals of fuses L1, L2, L3, respectively. The electric control elements E1, E2, E3 shown in fig. 5 may refer to the electric control element 300 shown in fig. 3 and/or the electric control element 400 shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 5, the fuse state indicator 102 includes first resistors R11, R12, R13 in addition to the electric control elements E1, E2, E3. First resistors R11, R12, R13 are coupled between first terminals of fuses L1, L2, L3 and first terminals of electrical control elements E1, E2, E3, respectively. The first resistors R11, R12, R13 function as voltage division. When the fuses L1, L2, and L3 are opened, the first resistors R11, R12, and R13 divide the voltage across the two terminals of the fuses L1, L2, and L3. Therefore, an appropriate operating voltage is applied to the electric control elements E1, E2, E3 so as to output a visual indication corresponding to the opening of the fuses L1, L2, L3. The parameters of the first resistors R11, R12, R13 are designed such that a suitable operating voltage is applied across the electrically controlled elements E1, E2, E3.
FIG. 6 is a circuit schematic illustrating a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments, the fuse state indicator 102 may also include zener diodes D1, D2, D3. The zener diodes D1, D2, D3 are electrically coupled in parallel to the electrically controlled elements E1, E2, E3, respectively. The current in the zener diodes D1, D2, D3 can vary over a wide range while their voltage is substantially constant, thereby functioning as a voltage regulator for the electronic control elements E1, E2, E3. In some embodiments, the electrical control elements E1, E2, E3 shown in fig. 6 may be PDLC-based electrical control elements.
FIG. 7 is a circuit schematic illustrating a fuse state indicator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments, the fuse state indicator 102 may also include second resistors R21, R22, R23. The second resistors R21, R22, R23 are electrically coupled in parallel to the electrically controlled elements E1, E2, E3, respectively. The second resistors R21, R22, R23 function as a shunt. When the fuses L1, L2, and L3 are opened, a current flows through the first resistors R11, R12, and R13, and the second resistors R21, R22, and R23 shunt the current. Therefore, an appropriate current flows through the electric control elements E1, E2, E3 to output a visual indication corresponding to the opening of the fuses L1, L2, L3. The parameters of the second resistors R21, R22, R23 are designed such that a suitable current flows through the electrically controlled elements E1, E2, E3. In some embodiments, the electrical control elements E1, E2, E3 shown in fig. 7 may be EL-based electrical control elements.
It should be understood that, although not shown, in some embodiments, the fuse state indicator 102 includes first resistors R11, R12, R13, second resistors R21, R22, R23, and zener diodes D1, D2, D3 in addition to the electrical control elements E1, E2, E3. In addition, any of the circuit designs described above can be arbitrarily applied to the PDLC-based electric control element and the EL-based electric control element according to actual needs. Furthermore, although fig. 5 to 7 show a three-phase system, the above-described circuit design can be applied to any phase system.
The simple circuit design described above may allow the fuse state indicator to be easily integrated with any module and circuit according to embodiments of the present disclosure. In this manner, when the fuse state indicator is integrated into an EFM module of a fuse product, the EFM module may maintain a compact and uncomplicated structure.
Fig. 8A and 8B are schematic diagrams illustrating an apparatus for indicating fuse states according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 8A and 8B illustrate PDLC and/or EL based indicators.
As shown in fig. 8A, the PDLC and/or EL based fuse state indicators L1, L2, L3 for the three-phase system are respectively shaped to a predetermined size and attached to the inner surface of the case 202 and exposed to the outside through the window 204. The fuse state indicators L1, L2, L3 are coupled to two terminals of the three-phase fuse, respectively, by wires. Upon fuse opening, the PDLC and/or EL based fuse state indicator is powered to output a visual indication.
As shown in fig. 8B. L1 and L3 show visual indications corresponding to the normal operating state of the fuse, and L2 shows a visual indication corresponding to the open state of the fuse. In some embodiments, the PDLC based fuse state indicators L1 and L3 are in a non-transparent state and provide a display corresponding to the non-transparent state to indicate the conduction of the corresponding fuse. The PDLC based fuse state indicator L2 is in a transparent state and provides a display with a background layer below the transparent liquid crystal layer to indicate the opening of the corresponding fuse. In some embodiments, the EL-based fuse state indicators L1 and L3 are in a non-illuminated state and provide a display corresponding to the non-illuminated state to indicate conduction of the corresponding fuse. EL-based fuse state indicator L2 is in a lighted state and provides a display of the lighted state to indicate the opening of the corresponding fuse. In this way, it can be easily determined in the field that the fuse corresponding to the fuse state indicator L2 is the fuse to be replaced.
Fig. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams illustrating an apparatus for indicating fuse states according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The fuse state indicators L1, L2, L3 or corresponding window 204 shape is not limited to the rectangular shapes of fig. 8A and 8B, but may have any desired shape. Figures 9A and 9B show that the fuse state indicator or corresponding window has a pentagonal shape. In some embodiments, the fuse state indicators L1, L2, L3 disposed below the window 204 may have any shape when the window 204 has a desired shape. In other embodiments, when the fuse state indicators L1, L2, L3 are disposed on an exterior surface of the housing 202, the window 204 may have a shape corresponding to the fuse state indicators L1, L2, L3 conductive terminals such that the conductive terminals are received within the windows and the electrical connection lines can be electrically coupled to other conductive terminals.
In the embodiment of fig. 9A and 9B, two types of fuse state indicators 902 and 904 are provided, with the fuse state indicator 904 being disposed around the fuse state indicator 902. Fuse state indicator 902 is a PDLC or EL based indicator electrically coupled in parallel to the fuse as described above. The fuse state indicator 904 is an indicator that provides a predetermined display when the fuse is on, which is in a bright state when the fuse is on, and in a dark state when the fuse is off. The fuse state indicator 904 may have a circuit design that is illuminated based on the current flowing through the fuse. As shown in fig. 9A, the fuse state indicator 904 is illuminated, and the fuse state indicator 902 provides a dark state display or a non-transparent liquid crystal state display, indicating that the corresponding fuse is on and in a normal operating state. As shown in fig. 9B, the fuse state indicator 904 is not illuminated, while the fuse state indicator 902 provides a light state display or a predetermined color or character display indicating that the corresponding fuse is open and ready to be replaced.
It should be understood that the configuration of the two fuse state indicators is not limited to fig. 9A and 9B, and in other embodiments, separate arrangements, character displays, desired colors, or combinations thereof may be employed.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a disconnector arrangement 1000 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 10, the disconnecting switch device 1000 includes a plurality of fuses 110 and a plurality of devices 100 for indicating fuse states corresponding thereto. The plurality of fuses 110 are respectively provided in corresponding phase circuits among the multi-phase circuits. Each fuse state indicator 102 in the plurality of apparatuses 100 is coupled to two terminals of a corresponding fuse 110. In some embodiments, the isolation switching device 1000 may include a plurality of logic circuits 104, each logic circuit 104 coupled to a corresponding fuse 110. In other embodiments, the plurality of logic circuits 104 are combined into one logic circuit block that is coupled to each fuse 110. The disconnector arrangement 1000 may be a fuse product.
According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus for indicating the state of the fuse has a simple structure and circuit design, and can be easily coupled to both terminals of the fuse to indicate the turn-on and turn-off of the fuse without changing the existing circuit design in the fuse product. The apparatus for indicating fuse states can be easily applied to a multiphase fuse product, and can be easily integrated into an EFM module in the fuse product. PDLC and/or EL based fuse state indicators have a larger viewing area and display effect than LEDs.
The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Well-known elements will not be described in detail or omitted so as not to obscure the relevant details of the aspects and examples disclosed herein. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure as defined in the following claims. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (19)
1. An apparatus (100) for indicating a state of a fuse, comprising:
a plurality of fuse state indicators (102) respectively coupled to two terminals of a fuse (110) in a corresponding one of the multi-phase circuits and configured to respectively output a visual indication corresponding to a turn-on or a turn-off of the fuse (110).
2. The apparatus (100) of claim 1, wherein the fuse state indicator (102) comprises:
an electrically controlled element (300, 400) electrically coupled in parallel to the fuse (110) and configured to output the visual indication based on a voltage applied to the electrically controlled element (300, 400).
3. The apparatus (100) of claim 2, wherein the electrically controlled element (300, 400) is configured to:
if the fuse (110) is conductive, is in a first state in which no operating voltage is applied, and outputs a visual indication corresponding to the first state; and
if the fuse (110) is open, it is in a second state in which an operating voltage is applied, and a visual indication corresponding to the second state is output.
4. The device (100) according to claim 2, wherein the electrically controllable element (300) comprises a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (302).
5. The device (100) of claim 4, wherein the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (302) comprises nematic liquid crystals.
6. A device (100) according to claim 4, wherein the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (302) comprises at least one of the following properties: a nematic isotropic transition temperature above 90 ℃, a light transmission below 80%, and a light transmission below 5.0X 107Resistivity of Ω · m.
7. The device (100) according to claim 4, wherein the electrically controlled element (300) further comprises:
a background layer (304) disposed below the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (302); and
a spacer layer (306) disposed between the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (302) and the background layer (304).
8. The apparatus (100) of claim 7, wherein the spacer layer (306) is a layer of dielectric material, comprised of a solid or fluid-like dielectric material, comprising a layer of air, a solid transparent insulating layer, or a layer of dielectric gel.
9. The apparatus (100) of claim 7, wherein
If the fuse (110) is conductive, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (302) is in a non-transparent state and the fuse state indicator (102) outputs a visual indication corresponding to the non-transparent state of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (302), an
If the fuse (110) is open, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (302) is in a transparent state and the fuse state indicator (102) outputs a visual indication corresponding to the background layer (304).
10. The device (100) according to claim 2, wherein the electrically controllable element (400) comprises an electroluminescent layer (402).
11. The device (100) according to claim 10, wherein the electroluminescent layer (402) comprises at least one of the following properties: response time of less than 1 second at-35 deg.C to 90 deg.C, and no less than 20cd/m under 200V and 50Hz operating conditions2Brightness of (2), no hysteresis during operation, a threshold voltage of not more than 200V, and not less than 2 x 106Breakdown field of V/cm.
12. The apparatus (100) of claim 10, wherein
If the fuse (110) is conductive, the electroluminescent layer (402) is in a non-emitting state and the fuse state indicator (102) outputs a visual indication corresponding to the non-emitting state of the electroluminescent layer (402), an
If the fuse (110) is open, the electroluminescent layer (402) is in a light emitting state and the fuse state indicator (102) outputs a visual indication corresponding to the light emitting state of the electroluminescent layer (402).
13. The apparatus (100) of claim 2, wherein the fuse state indicator (102) further comprises a first resistor (R11, R12, R13), the first resistor (R11, R12, R13) being coupled between a first terminal of the fuse (110) and a first terminal of the electrically controlled element (300, 400),
wherein a first terminal of the electrically controlled element (300, 400) is electrically coupled to a first terminal of the fuse (110) and a second terminal of the electrically controlled element (300, 400) is electrically coupled to a second terminal of the fuse (110).
14. The apparatus (100) of claim 13, wherein the fuse state indicator (102) further comprises a second resistor (R21, R22, R23), the second resistor (R21, R22, R23) being electrically coupled in parallel to the electrically controlled element (300, 400).
15. The apparatus (100) of claim 13, wherein the fuse state indicator (102) further comprises a zener diode (D1, D2, D3), the zener diode (D1, D2, D3) being electrically coupled in parallel to the electrically controlled element (300, 400).
16. The apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising:
a housing (202) configured to house the fuse state indicator (102); and
a window (204) configured to be disposed on the housing (202) in correspondence with the fuse state indicator (102) such that the fuse state indicator (102) outputs the visual indication through the window (204).
17. The apparatus (100) of claim 16, wherein the window (204) comprises one of: a polygonal shape, a ring shape, a symbol shape, or a character shape.
18. The apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising:
a logic circuit (104) coupled to the fuse (110) and configured to generate a signal representative of a state of the fuse (110) based on an operating parameter of the fuse (110).
19. An isolation switching device (1000) comprising:
a plurality of fuses (110) each provided in a corresponding one of the multi-phase circuits; and
the device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 18.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010080887.5A CN113223908A (en) | 2020-02-05 | 2020-02-05 | Device for indicating the state of a fuse and disconnecting switch device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010080887.5A CN113223908A (en) | 2020-02-05 | 2020-02-05 | Device for indicating the state of a fuse and disconnecting switch device |
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| CN113223908A true CN113223908A (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010080887.5A Pending CN113223908A (en) | 2020-02-05 | 2020-02-05 | Device for indicating the state of a fuse and disconnecting switch device |
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| CN2067033U (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 1990-12-05 | 王迪 | Fuse terminal seat with fuse break light-emitting indication |
| CN2489449Y (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2002-05-01 | 吴军 | EL cold light chip wall switch |
| CN1723517A (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2006-01-18 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Transparent touch-sensitive switching system |
| CN202930345U (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-05-08 | 国家电网公司 | Slate switch with function of fuse fusing indication |
| CN105842899A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-10 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Display screen, screen visualization control system and method and household appliance |
| CN108663849A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-16 | 信利光电股份有限公司 | A kind of PDLC components, production method, display screen component and terminal |
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2020
- 2020-02-05 CN CN202010080887.5A patent/CN113223908A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2067033U (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 1990-12-05 | 王迪 | Fuse terminal seat with fuse break light-emitting indication |
| CN2489449Y (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2002-05-01 | 吴军 | EL cold light chip wall switch |
| CN1723517A (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2006-01-18 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Transparent touch-sensitive switching system |
| CN202930345U (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-05-08 | 国家电网公司 | Slate switch with function of fuse fusing indication |
| CN105842899A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-10 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Display screen, screen visualization control system and method and household appliance |
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