CN113222458A - Urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment model and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of risk evaluation, and particularly discloses a safety risk evaluation model and a safety risk evaluation system for urban rail transit drivers, which comprise an evaluation index system, a safety risk evaluation questionnaire, questionnaire confidence degree inspection and evaluation result comprehensive evaluation; the evaluation index system is the basis for compiling an evaluation questionnaire; the questionnaire validity check is used for detecting the accuracy, consistency and stability of the questionnaire; the result comprehensive evaluation is used for comprehensively evaluating the results of the evaluation questionnaires; the method is based on the analysis of psychological factors of urban rail transit drivers, and an evaluation index system is established by emotion dimensionality, working dimensionality, personality dimensionality and occupation dimensionality, so that the scientificity of investigation dimensionality is improved, and the method is suitable for various occupation requirements of the urban rail transit drivers; whether the testee lies or not is judged by collecting and processing electrocardiosignals of the testee, and the psychological state is reflected by the change of the physiological indexes, so that the evaluation result has higher reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of risk assessment, in particular to a safety risk assessment model and system for urban rail transit drivers.
Background
The urban rail transit driver is one of core workers in urban rail transit, and the psychological state of health of the urban rail transit driver has a great influence on safe operation of trains, so that the urban rail transit driver design questionnaire evaluation system is based on psychological factor analysis of the urban rail transit driver, takes emotion dimensionality, working dimensionality, personality dimensionality and occupation dimensionality as index systems, improves scientificity of investigation dimensionality, adapts to various occupation requirements of the urban rail transit driver, aims to know the psychological quality level of the driver, obtains a safety risk level report, and brings a certain reference value to a company management layer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safety risk evaluation model and a safety risk evaluation system for urban rail transit drivers, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a safety risk evaluation model for urban rail transit drivers comprises an evaluation index system, a safety risk evaluation questionnaire, questionnaire validity check and comprehensive evaluation of evaluation results; the evaluation index system is the basis for compiling an evaluation questionnaire; the safety risk assessment questionnaire compiles an assessment scale according to an assessment index system and establishes a normal model; the questionnaire validity check is used for detecting the accuracy, consistency and stability of the questionnaire; and the result comprehensive evaluation is used for comprehensively evaluating the evaluation questionnaire results and evaluating the safety risk level of the testee.
As a preferable technical scheme, the evaluation index system is based on the analysis of psychological factors of urban rail drivers, and comprises an emotion dimension, a working dimension, a personality dimension and an occupation dimension; the emotional dimensions include depression, anxiety, mood 3 factors; the working dimension comprises 3 factors of executive power, communication capacity and safety awareness; the personality dimension comprises 3 factors of sensitivity, suspicion, independent behavior and excessive self-confidence; the occupation dimension comprises 3 factors of responsibility, autonomy and learning ability.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the evaluation scale sets 10 evaluation items for 12 factors respectively, the evaluation items are used for analyzing and judging the psychological state of a tested person, the evaluation items comprise 15 lie-detection questions, and the lie-detection questions are used for screening unqualified questionnaires and selecting and optimizing the quality of the questionnaires.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the normal model making step comprises normal model group selection and classification standard point determination; the normative group is an evaluation object, namely a driver of the urban rail transit train; the grading standard points are used for dividing safety risk grades, and the safety risk grades are divided into low risk, reasonable risk and high risk.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the questionnaire validity check includes validity check and reliability check; the validity test is used for testing the correctness of the questionnaire, and the reliability test is used for analyzing the consistency and stability of the test result and measuring the reliability of the evaluation test question.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the comprehensive evaluation of the evaluation result comprises establishing a factor set, establishing a weight set, establishing an evaluation set, determining a membership function and establishing an evaluation matrix; the factor set is a set formed by various factors influencing the judgment object; the weight set is formed according to the evaluation index system, and a set of weight values is determined for each influence factor; the evaluation set is a set formed by the safety risk levels of the evaluation results; the membership function is used for describing the degree of each factor in the factor set belonging to the judgment set; and calculating the membership degree of the elements in the evaluation matrix according to the membership function, and evaluating the final safety risk level by using the maximum membership degree as a principle.
A safety risk assessment system for urban rail transit drivers is characterized by comprising a database, a front-end page, a rear-end program and auxiliary equipment;
the database comprises a driver staff information database, a assessment scale database, a questionnaire result database, a safety assessment database and a safety risk level report database;
the front-end page comprises a user login module, a questionnaire test module and a safety risk level report viewing module;
the back-end program is used for acquiring project options, calculating factor scores, screening questionnaires, calculating membership degrees, evaluating risk levels, matching safety comments and generating a level report;
the auxiliary equipment comprises a bracelet and data processing software; the bracelet is used for collecting the electrocardiogram data of a testee, and the data processing software can obtain the electrocardiogram data and calculate the heart rate variability characteristic index for checking the validity of the questionnaire result; the control unit is arranged in the bracelet and comprises a central controller, an electrocardio sensor, a data memory, a Bluetooth module and a power module; when in evaluation, a user wears the bracelet to collect electrocardiosignals, the collected signals are processed and analyzed through data processing software, whether the user has the possibility of lying is reflected through heart rate variability indexes, and certain guarantee is provided for the credibility of psychological evaluation.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the driver staff information database is used for storing driver personal information, and user increase and decrease and information modification can be performed; the assessment table database comprises an assessment item question library and an option scoring standard, and can be used for adding, deleting, modifying and setting options of items; the questionnaire result database is used for acquiring and storing questionnaire answers made by the testee; the safety comment database stores guidance suggestions aiming at different safety risk levels; the safety risk level report database stores safety risk level reports for each driver.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the user login module is connected to the driver staff information database for authentication; the questionnaire testing module is connected with the assessment scale database and used for obtaining questionnaires to perform assessment and storing questionnaire answers in the questionnaire result database; and the safety risk level report viewing module is connected with the safety risk level report database and is used for inquiring the evaluation result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is based on the analysis of psychological factors of urban rail transit drivers, and an evaluation index system is established by emotion dimensionality, working dimensionality, personality dimensionality and occupation dimensionality, so that the scientificity of investigation dimensionality is improved, and the method is suitable for various occupation requirements of the urban rail transit drivers; whether the testee lies or not is judged by collecting and processing electrocardiosignals of the testee, and the psychological state is reflected by the change of the physiological indexes, so that the evaluation result has higher reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the system framework of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the construction of the urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment model comprises the steps of establishing an assessment index system, designing a safety risk assessment questionnaire, inspecting the validity of the questionnaire and comprehensively evaluating assessment results;
establishing an evaluation index system, wherein the evaluation index system comprises index dimensions and factor setting, and the index dimensions comprise emotion dimensions, working dimensions, personality dimensions and occupation dimensions; the emotional dimension comprises 3 factors of depression, anxiety and mood, the working dimension comprises 3 factors of executive power, communication capacity and safety consciousness, the personality dimension comprises 3 factors of suspicion, independent behavior and excessive confidence, and the occupation dimension comprises 3 factors of responsibility, autonomy and learning capacity.
The safety risk assessment questionnaire compiles an assessment scale according to an assessment index system, wherein the assessment scale comprises assessment items and scoring standards; the evaluation items are designed according to the index dimensions and the factors and are used for analyzing and judging the psychological state of the testee, 10 evaluation items are respectively set for 12 factors, and the total number of the evaluation items is 120, wherein the evaluation items comprise 15 lie detection questions.
The evaluation items are divided into positive statement items and negative statement items according to different statement modes, and the similar questions such as 'I feel that my work is meaningful', 'I are energetic every day', and the like are positive statement items; conversely, items such as "recently do not know why i always feel tired", "sometimes i suddenly feel very useless on their own" and the like are similarly referred to as negative statements.
Each item is provided with four options, namely 'very conforming', 'relatively non-conforming' and 'very non-conforming'; giving corresponding scores to the options, positively stating that the scores of the four options of the items are increased from 1 and are 1,2, 3 and 4 in sequence; the negative statement item option score is decremented from 4, which is 4, 3, 2, 1 in order. The testee selects according to the real situation, the score of the item is the corresponding score of the item, and the final score of each factor is the sum of the scores of the items of the corresponding item.
After the evaluation scale is compiled, questionnaire pretesting is needed, and reliability test and validity test are carried out on the evaluation result so as to evaluate the accuracy, consistency and stability of the set of questionnaire. And selecting a sample object, namely an urban rail transit driver, performing sampling test, and calculating the score of each factor according to the scoring standard. The validity check is used to check the accuracy of the questionnaire, the higher the validity, the better the test can be held.
The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein R isdAnd the correlation validity coefficient is represented, N represents the number of the test questions, X represents the score of each test question of the tested person, and Y represents the standard score of each test question. The validity of the set of test questions can be obtained according to the formula, and if the associated validity r is greater than 0.3, the validity is indicated.
And the reliability test is used for analyzing the consistency and stability of the test result and measuring the reliability of the evaluation item.
The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein R istExpress confidence of questionnaire, XORepresents an odd question score, YeRepresents an even topic score, NpIndicates the number of persons to be tested,
the standard deviation of the scores of the odd-numbered questions is expressed,
the standard deviation of the scores of the even questions is represented,
and
represents the average of the scores. Confidence level R when the entire questionnairetA score of > 0.8 indicates that the test is authentic and that the questionnaire is available.
After the questionnaire is checked, the validity degree meets the requirement, namely the questionnaire can achieve the test purpose, and further, a normal model of the questionnaire is formulated according to the obtained evaluation result. The method comprises the steps of making a norm, wherein the norm comprises a norm group and a grading standard point, and the norm group is an object suitable for the questionnaire evaluation, namely an urban rail transit driver; the grading standard point is determined according to the average score and the standard deviation of the evaluation result, mui/siThe average min/standard deviation of the ith factor (i ═ 1,2, … …,12) is shown, and the calculation formula is as follows.
Wherein n represents the number of subjects, XijAnd represents the score of the ith factor of the jth testee.
The grading standard points are used for dividing safety risk grades, and 5 standard points are set in total, namely mu-2 s, mu-s, mu + s and mu +2 s.
Low risk: the score of the factor of the subject is lower than the average score by one standard deviation, which indicates that the safety risk level of the subject is lower and the psychological state is good on the factor.
Reasonable risk: the factor score of the subject is within one standard deviation of the average score, and the factor represents that the safety risk of the subject is within an acceptable range and the psychological state is normal.
High risk: the score of the factor of the subject is higher than the average by more than one standard deviation, which indicates that the subject has higher safety risk on the factor and bad psychological state.
The model adopts a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the safety risk level of a testee. The comprehensive evaluation comprises the steps of establishing a factor set, establishing a weight set, establishing an evaluation set, determining a membership function and establishing an evaluation matrix. Further, the factor set is a set composed of various factors affecting the evaluation object as elements, and is represented by U.
U＝{U1，U2，U3，U4}
U: a psychological evaluation result; u shape1: (ii) an emotion dimension; u shape2: a working dimension; u shape3: a personality dimension; u shape4: occupational dimension
U1＝{U11，U12，U13}
U11: depression; u shape12: anxiety; u shape13: emotion treatment
U2＝{U21，U22，U23}
U21: an actuation force; u shape22: communication ability; u shape23: consciousness of safety
U3＝{U31，U32，U33}
U31: susceptibilities are suspicious; u shape32: performing independent operation; u shape33: excessive confidence
U4＝{U41，U42，U43}
U41: the heart of responsibility; u shape42: self-discipline; u shape43: learning ability
The weight set is a set formed by determining weights for each group of indexes according to the structure and index definition of a psychological safety evaluation index system, determining each weight value by a Delphi (Delphi) method, and usingAAnd (4) showing.
The evaluation set adopts three-level evaluation gears, namely low risk, reasonable risk and high risk, which are represented by V.
V＝{V1,V2,V3}
V1: low risk; v2: reasonable risk; v3: high risk
The evaluation matrixRBy fuzzy aggregation iRAnd (4) forming.
iR＝(ri1,ri2,……,rin)
Wherein r isijRepresents the ith factor U in the factor set Ui(i-1, 2, … …, m) evaluation of the jth element V in the set Vj(j ═ 1,2 … …, n) degree of membership. Further, the calculation of the membership degree adopts an assignment function, and the calculation formula is as follows.
The small-sized device is as follows:
intermediate type:
large-scale:
and comparing the membership degrees of the factors to low risk, reasonable risk and high risk, and determining the safety risk level of the factor of the tested person by using the maximum membership degree as a principle.
The process of the urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment system based on psychological factor analysis is shown in fig. 1.
The driver logs in the front page, and the user login module is connected with a driver staff information database and used for identity verification; after logging in, the user enters a questionnaire testing module, connects with an assessment table database to generate a questionnaire for testing, automatically stores the answer in a questionnaire result database, and wears a bracelet to acquire electrocardiogram data during testing; the back-end program obtains the answer sheet from the questionnaire result database, and calculates the score of each factor according to the scoring standard in the assessment table database; and screening unqualified questionnaires by combining the lie detection item and psychological assessment auxiliary equipment.
The screening basis of the lie detection items is that if the number of the 15 lie detection questions with the option of 'very fit' exceeds 10 or the total score of the lie detection questions is lower than 30, the questionnaire is regarded as an unqualified questionnaire.
The auxiliary equipment collects the electrocardiogram data of a testee through the bracelet, acquires the electrocardiogram data by using data processing software, and calculates heart rate variability indexes SDNN, SDANN, RMSSD and pNN50, wherein the normal ranges of the heart rate variability characteristic indexes are respectively as follows: SDNN of 141 ± 39ms, SDANN of 131 ± 28ms, RMSSD of 39 ± 15ms, pNN50 of 17 ± 12%, and the calculation formula is as follows:
pNN50 (%) -% of adjacent NN periods differing by more than 50ms
The screening basis is that if two or more heart rate variability indexes of the testee are slightly higher than a normal range or one index is far higher than a normal value, the change of the psychological state of the testee is shown, the possibility of lying exists, and the testee is regarded as an unqualified questionnaire.
After unqualified questionnaires are screened, calculating the membership degree of the effective questionnaires to establish a judgment matrix, and determining the safety risk level according to the maximum membership degree principle; generating a safety risk level report according to the safety comment in the level matching safety comment database, and storing the safety risk level report in a safety risk level report database; drivers and managers can query the results at the report viewing module of the front-end page.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A safety risk evaluation model for urban rail transit drivers is characterized by comprising an evaluation index system, a safety risk evaluation questionnaire, questionnaire validity check and evaluation result comprehensive evaluation; the evaluation index system is the basis for compiling an evaluation questionnaire; the safety risk assessment questionnaire compiles an assessment scale according to an assessment index system and establishes a normal model; the questionnaire validity check is used for detecting the accuracy, consistency and stability of the questionnaire; and the result comprehensive evaluation is used for comprehensively evaluating the evaluation questionnaire results and evaluating the safety risk level of the testee.
2. The urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment model according to claim 1, characterized in that: the evaluation index system is based on the analysis of psychological factors of urban rail drivers, and comprises an emotion dimension, a working dimension, a personality dimension and an occupation dimension; the emotional dimensions include depression, anxiety, mood 3 factors; the working dimension comprises 3 factors of executive power, communication capacity and safety awareness; the personality dimension comprises 3 factors of sensitivity, suspicion, independent behavior and excessive self-confidence; the occupation dimension comprises 3 factors of responsibility, autonomy and learning ability.
3. The urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment model according to claim 1, characterized in that: the evaluation scale sets 10 evaluation items for 12 factors respectively, the evaluation items are used for analyzing and judging the psychological state of a testee, the evaluation items comprise 15 lie detection questions, and the lie detection questions are used for screening unqualified questionnaires and selecting and optimizing the quality of the questionnaires.
4. The urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment model according to claim 1, characterized in that: the normal mode making step comprises normal mode group selection and classification standard point determination; the normative group is an evaluation object, namely a driver of the urban rail transit train; the grading standard points are used for dividing safety risk grades, and the safety risk grades are divided into low risk, reasonable risk and high risk.
5. The urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment model according to claim 1, characterized in that: the questionnaire credibility test comprises a credibility test and a validity test; the validity test is used for testing the correctness of the questionnaire, and the reliability test is used for analyzing the consistency and stability of the test result and measuring the reliability of the evaluation test question.
6. The urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment model according to claim 1, characterized in that: the comprehensive evaluation of the evaluation result comprises establishing a factor set, establishing a weight set, establishing an evaluation set, determining a membership function and establishing an evaluation matrix; the factor set is a set formed by various factors influencing the judgment object; the weight set is formed according to the evaluation index system, and a set of weight values is determined for each influence factor; the evaluation set is a set formed by the safety risk levels of the evaluation results; the membership function is used for describing the degree of each factor in the factor set belonging to the judgment set; and calculating the membership degree of the elements in the evaluation matrix according to the membership function, and evaluating the final safety risk level by using the maximum membership degree as a principle.
7. A safety risk assessment system for urban rail transit drivers is characterized by comprising a database, a front-end page, a rear-end program and auxiliary equipment;
the database comprises a driver staff information database, a assessment scale database, a questionnaire result database, a safety assessment database and a safety risk level report database;
the front-end page comprises a user login module, a questionnaire test module and a safety risk level report viewing module;
the back-end program is used for acquiring project options, calculating factor scores, screening questionnaires, calculating membership degrees, evaluating risk levels, matching safety comments and generating a level report;
the auxiliary equipment comprises a bracelet and data processing software; the bracelet is used for collecting the electrocardiogram data of the testee, and the data processing software can obtain the electrocardiogram data and calculate the heart rate variability characteristic index for checking the validity of the questionnaire result.
8. The urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment system according to claim 7, wherein the driver staff information database is used for storing driver personal information, and user increase and decrease and information modification can be performed; the assessment table database comprises an assessment item question library and an option scoring standard, and can be used for adding, deleting, modifying and setting options of items; the questionnaire result database is used for acquiring and storing questionnaire answers made by the testee; the safety comment database stores guidance suggestions aiming at different safety risk levels; the safety risk level report database stores safety risk level reports for each driver.
9. The urban rail transit driver safety risk assessment system according to claim 7, wherein said user login module is connected to said driver staff information database for identity verification; the questionnaire testing module is connected with the assessment scale database and used for obtaining questionnaires to perform assessment and storing questionnaire answers in the questionnaire result database; and the safety risk level report viewing module is connected with the safety risk level report database and is used for inquiring the evaluation result.
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