CN113218291B - Space deformation applying and reading device for calibrating deformation measuring rod - Google Patents
Space deformation applying and reading device for calibrating deformation measuring rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN113218291B CN113218291B CN202110497507.2A CN202110497507A CN113218291B CN 113218291 B CN113218291 B CN 113218291B CN 202110497507 A CN202110497507 A CN 202110497507A CN 113218291 B CN113218291 B CN 113218291B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
Abstract
The invention discloses a space deformation applying and reading device for calibrating a deformation measuring rod, wherein a base is in a square plate shape and is provided with a plurality of parallel row holes; the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame are both hollow square frame-shaped structures, are arranged in parallel and are both fixed on the bottom plate; the first vernier measuring scale is fixed on the first fixed frame, and the second vernier measuring scale is fixed on the second fixed frame; the first linear bearing, the first sliding rod and the first constraint ring move up and down in the vertical direction together; the second linear bearing, the second sliding rod and the second constraint ring move left and right in the horizontal direction together; the first support bar and the second support bar are located between the first fixed frame and the second fixed frame for providing support. The invention can obtain the accurate corresponding relation between the actual deformation and the strain sensed by the sensitive element of the deformation measuring rod, can simultaneously carry out the deformation application in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and the deformation application and the reading in the two directions are not interfered with each other.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of test calibration and information processing, and particularly relates to a space deformation applying and reading device for calibrating a deformation measuring rod.
Background
The deformation information monitoring plays a crucial role in service state, safety assessment and maintenance of a plurality of important civil engineering and structural engineering, such as monitoring of key safety information of bridge body deformation state of a bridge, soil body deformation state inside a side slope and the like. The deformation measuring rod is a flexible rod with sensitive elements such as strain gauges and fiber gratings arranged inside, the sensitive elements sense bending strain generated by the flexible rod in a deformation state, and deformation information can be reversely deduced according to the sensed bending strain by combining a deformation inversion algorithm to realize measurement of deformation.
The main problems in the prior art include:
at present, the inversion algorithm of the deformation measuring rod includes a curvature calculation algorithm based on strain information, a beam unit algorithm based on strain information, and other theoretical algorithms. However, manufacturing errors, such as machining errors of the flexible rod, and mounting errors of the strain gauge or the fiber grating, are inevitable during the manufacturing process of the deformation measuring rod. For these unquantized errors, when the existing theoretical inversion algorithm is used for shape inversion, a large calculation error is generated, so that the shape inversion result is inaccurate, the deformation safety information monitoring of actual engineering is not facilitated, a special experimental calibration device is urgently needed to perform test calibration on the deformation measuring rod, and the actual corresponding relation between the real deformation and the output of the sensitive element is obtained, so that the engineering monitoring can be accurately carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a spatial deformation applying and reading device for calibrating a deformation measuring rod, solves the technical problems that the existing deformation measuring rod has large deformation calculation error through a theoretical inversion algorithm and lacks a special calibration device, can obtain the accurate corresponding relation between the actual deformation and the strain sensed by a sensitive element of the deformation measuring rod, can simultaneously carry out deformation applying in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and does not interfere with the deformation applying and reading in the two directions.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a space deformation applying and reading device for calibrating a deformation measuring rod comprises a base, a first fixed frame, a second fixed frame, a first vernier measuring scale, a first linear bearing, a first sliding rod, a first restraining ring, a second vernier measuring scale, a second linear bearing, a second sliding rod, a second restraining ring, a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod; the base is in a square plate shape, and a plurality of parallel row holes are formed in the base; the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame are both hollow square frame-shaped structures and are arranged in parallel, and the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame are both fixed on the bottom plate; the first vernier measuring scale is fixed on the first fixed frame, and the second vernier measuring scale is fixed on the second fixed frame; the first linear bearing is fixed on the first vernier measuring scale, and the first sliding rod is a smooth round shaft with an internal threaded hole at one end and is placed in the first linear bearing to freely slide; the first restraint ring is fixed with an internal threaded hole at one end of the first sliding rod; the second linear bearing is fixed on the second vernier measuring scale; the second sliding rod is a smooth round shaft with an internal threaded hole at one end, is arranged in the second linear bearing and can freely slide; the second restraint ring is fixed with an internal threaded hole at one end of the second sliding rod; the size and the structure of the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod are the same, and the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod are of polished rod structures with external threads at one ends and are located between the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame for supporting.
Furthermore, four rows of holes are arranged on the base, namely a first row of holes, a second row of holes, a third row of holes and a fourth row of holes, and each row of holes consists of a plurality of through holes at equal intervals; through holes with the same serial number in the four rows of holes correspond to each other;
four first fixed frame bottom screw holes are formed in the frame strip at the bottom of the first fixed frame and correspond to the four rows of holes in the base, the upper length of the right frame strip exceeds that of the upper frame strip, a side boss is arranged on the right side surface of each of two ends of the right frame strip, a side boss screw hole is formed in the side boss, and support screw holes are formed in the upper parts of the left frame strip and the right frame strip respectively;
four second fixed frame bottom screw holes are formed in the frame strip at the bottom of the second fixed frame and correspond to the four rows of holes in the base, the right length of the upper frame strip exceeds that of the right frame strip, top bosses are arranged on the upper surfaces of two ends of the upper frame strip, top boss screw holes are formed in the top bosses, and support through holes are formed in the upper portions of the left frame strip and the right frame strip respectively;
the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame are fixed on the bottom plate through screws, and after the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame are assembled on the bottom plate, two supporting screw holes in the first fixing frame and two supporting through holes in the second fixing frame are in concentric correspondence respectively.
Furthermore, the first vernier measuring scale comprises a vernier measuring scale fixing scale, a vernier measuring scale sliding end and a locking screw, two through holes are formed in two ends of the vernier measuring scale fixing scale and correspond to the two boss screw holes in the first fixing frame, and the first vernier measuring scale is fixed on the right side of the first fixing frame through the screws; a handle at one side of the sliding end of the vernier measuring scale is provided with three through holes with circle centers positioned on the same straight line; the sliding end of the vernier measuring scale is also provided with a threaded through hole for the locking screw to be screwed in, and the sliding end of the vernier measuring scale is fixed on the vernier measuring scale fixing scale by screwing the locking screw.
Furthermore, the first linear bearing is of a cylindrical structure with a fixed seat, 2 through holes are formed in the fixed seat and correspond to through holes in two sides of three through holes formed in a handle on one side of the sliding end of the vernier measuring scale, and the first linear bearing is fixed on the sliding end of the vernier measuring scale through bolts and nuts; the center of the circle of the cylinder structure corresponds to the middle through hole in the three through holes arranged on the handle at one side of the sliding end of the vernier measuring ruler.
Furthermore, the first restraint ring is of a circular ring structure with a restraint ring through hole, and the restraint ring through hole is fixed with an internal thread hole at one end of the first sliding rod through a screw.
Furthermore, the second vernier measuring scale and the first vernier measuring scale have the same size and structure; the second linear bearing and the first linear bearing are the same in size and structure; the second sliding rod and the first sliding rod have the same size and structure; the second confinement ring and the first confinement ring have the same size and structure; the second vernier measuring scale is fixed above the second fixing frame.
Preferably, the threaded end of the first supporting rod is matched with a supporting screw hole on a left frame strip in the first fixing frame, and the other end of the first supporting rod is in interference fit with a supporting through hole of a left frame strip in the second fixing frame; the second support rod is identical to the first support rod in size and structure, the threaded end of the second support rod is matched with the support screw hole in the right frame strip in the first fixing frame, and the other end of the second support rod is in interference fit with the support through hole in the right frame strip in the second fixing frame.
Preferably, the first linear bearing, the first sliding rod and the first constraint ring are driven to move vertically together by moving the sliding end of the vernier measuring scale on the first vernier measuring scale; the second linear bearing, the second sliding rod and the second constraint ring are driven to move left and right in the horizontal direction by moving the sliding end of the second vernier measuring scale on the second vernier measuring scale.
Preferably, the first restraining ring and the second restraining ring are sleeved on the surface of the shape measuring rod to be calibrated in a clearance fit mode, and the first restraining ring and the second restraining ring are designed according to different outer diameter sizes of the shape measuring rod.
Preferably, the height and width dimensions of the central space regions of the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame are the same, and the distance between the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame is adjusted by selecting through holes with different displacements in each row of holes on the bottom plate, so that the shape measuring rod can be calibrated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the existing deformation measuring rod which carries out deformation calculation through a theoretical inversion algorithm, the invention provides a device which can apply deformation to the deformation measuring rod and read the deformation measuring rod, and the accurate corresponding relation between the actual deformation and the strain sensed by the sensitive element of the deformation measuring rod can be obtained.
(2) According to the invention, through two vernier measuring scales which are vertically arranged with each other, deformation application in vertical and horizontal directions can be simultaneously carried out, and the deformation application and reading in the two directions are not interfered with each other.
(3) By using a plurality of spatial deformation applying and reading devices for deformation measuring rod calibration provided by the invention, distributed deformation calibration tests can be carried out on longer deformation measuring rods, and the problem that experimental calibration cannot be carried out in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spatial deformation applying and reading device for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a base in a spatial deformation applying and reading device for calibration of a deformation measuring rod provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first fixing frame in the spatial deformation applying and reading device for calibration of the deformation measuring rod provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second fixing frame in the spatial deformation applying and reading device for calibration of the deformation measuring rod provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the first vernier caliper and the first linear bearing in the spatial deformation applying and reading device for the calibration of the deformation measuring rod provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first confinement ring in a spatial deformation applying and reading device for calibration of a deformation measurement rod according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of a calibration case for distributed deformation application and reading of a shape measuring rod using two devices of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a calibration scenario for distributed deformation application and reading of a shape measurement bar using multiple devices of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a base; 2. a first fixed frame; 3. a second fixed frame; 4. a first vernier measuring scale; 5. a first linear bearing; 6. a first slide bar; 7. a first confinement ring; 8. a second vernier measuring scale; 9. a second linear bearing; 10. a second slide bar; 11. a second confinement ring; 12. a first support bar; 13. a second support bar; 14. a shape measuring rod; 1-1, a first row of holes; 1-2, a second row of holes; 1-3, a third row of holes; 1-4, a fourth row of holes; 2-1, a screw hole at the bottom of the first fixed frame; 2-2, side bosses; 2-3, side boss screw holes; 2-4, supporting screw holes; 3-1, a screw hole at the bottom of the second fixed frame; 3-2, a top boss; 3-3, top boss screw holes; 3-4, supporting the through hole; 4-1, a vernier measuring ruler fixing ruler; 4-2, sliding end of vernier measuring ruler; 4-3, locking screws; 7-1 and restricting the through hole of the ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod, comprising: the device comprises a base 1, a first fixed frame 2, a second fixed frame 3, a first vernier measuring scale 4, a first linear bearing 5, a first sliding rod 6, a first constraint ring 7, a second vernier measuring scale 8, a second linear bearing 9, a second sliding rod 10, a second constraint ring 11, a first supporting rod 12 and a second supporting rod 13;
as shown in fig. 2, the base 1 is in a square plate shape, and is provided with a first row of holes 1-1, a second row of holes 1-2, a third row of holes 1-3, and a fourth row of holes 1-4, each row of holes is composed of a plurality of through holes at equal intervals, the four rows of holes are parallel to each other, and the through holes with the same serial number in the four rows of holes are corresponding to each other;
as shown in fig. 3, the first fixing frame 2 is a hollow square frame structure, four first fixing frame bottom screw holes 2-1 are formed in a bottom frame strip, the four first fixing frame bottom screw holes correspond to four rows of holes in the base 1, the upper length of a right side frame strip exceeds that of an upper frame strip, a side boss 2-2 is arranged on the right side surface of each of two ends of the right side frame strip, a side boss screw hole 2-3 is formed in the side boss 2-2, and support screw holes 2-4 are respectively formed in the upper parts of the left side frame strip and the right side frame strip;
as shown in fig. 4, the second fixing frame 3 is a hollow square frame structure, four second fixing frame bottom screw holes 3-1 are formed in a bottom frame strip, the four second fixing frame bottom screw holes correspond to four rows of holes in the upper surface of the base 1, the right length of an upper frame strip exceeds that of a right frame strip, top bosses 3-2 are formed on the upper surfaces of two ends of the upper frame strip, top boss screw holes 3-3 are formed in the top bosses 3-2, and support through holes 3-4 are formed in the upper portions of a left frame strip and a right frame strip respectively;
the first fixing frame 2 and the second fixing frame 3 are both fixed on the bottom plate 1 through screws, and after the first fixing frame 2 and the second fixing frame 3 are assembled on the bottom plate 1, two supporting screw holes 2-4 in the first fixing frame 2 and two supporting through holes 3-4 in the second fixing frame 3 are respectively in concentric correspondence.
As shown in fig. 5, the first vernier caliper 4 comprises a vernier caliper fixing ruler 4-1, a vernier caliper sliding end 4-2 and a locking screw 4-3, two ends of the vernier caliper fixing ruler 4-1 are provided with two through holes corresponding to two boss screw holes 2-3 on the first fixing frame 2, and the first vernier caliper 4 is fixed on the first fixing frame 2 through the screws; a handle at one side of the sliding end 4-2 of the vernier measuring scale is provided with three through holes with circle centers positioned on the same straight line; the sliding end 4-2 of the vernier measuring scale is also provided with a threaded through hole for screwing the locking screw 4-3, and the sliding end 4-2 of the vernier measuring scale can be fixed on the fixed scale 4-1 of the vernier measuring scale by screwing the locking screw 4-3;
the first linear bearing 5 is of a cylindrical structure with a fixed seat, 2 through holes are formed in the fixed seat and correspond to through holes in two sides of three through holes formed in a handle on one side of the sliding end 4-2 of the vernier measuring scale, and the first linear bearing 5 is fixed on the sliding end 4-2 of the vernier measuring scale through bolts and nuts; the center of the circle of the cylindrical structure corresponds to the middle through hole in the three through holes arranged on the handle at one side of the sliding end 4-2 of the vernier measuring ruler;
the first sliding rod 6 is a smooth round shaft with an internal threaded hole at one end, is placed in the first linear bearing 5 and can freely slide;
as shown in fig. 6, the first confinement ring 7 is a circular ring structure with a confinement ring through hole 7-1, and the confinement ring through hole 7-1 is fixed with an internal threaded hole at one end of the first sliding rod 6 by a screw;
the second vernier measuring scale 8 has the same size and structure as the first vernier measuring scale 4;
the second linear bearing 9 has the same size and structure as the first linear bearing 5 and is fixed on the second vernier measuring scale 8;
the second sliding rod 10 has the same size and structure as the first sliding rod 6, is arranged in the second linear bearing 9 and can freely slide;
a second confinement ring 11 having the same size and structure as the first confinement ring 7 and fixed to one end of the second slide bar 10;
the first supporting rod 12 is of a polished rod structure with an external thread at one end, the threaded end is matched with a supporting screw hole 2-4 on a left frame strip in the first fixing frame 2, and the other end is matched with a supporting through hole 3-4 of the left frame strip in the second fixing frame 3 in an interference fit manner;
the second supporting rod 13 has the same size and structure as the first supporting rod 12, the threaded end is matched with a supporting screw hole 2-4 on the right frame strip in the first fixing frame 2, and the other end is in interference fit with a supporting through hole 3-4 of the right frame strip in the second fixing frame 3;
the first vernier measuring scale 4 fixes two through holes at two ends of the vernier measuring scale fixing scale 4-1 and two side boss screw holes 2-3 on the first fixing frame 2 through 2 bolts, so that the first vernier measuring scale 4 is fixed on the right side of the first fixing frame 2. The sliding end 4-2 of the vernier measuring scale is moved to drive the first linear bearing 5, the first sliding rod 6 and the first restraining ring 7 to move up and down in the vertical direction;
the second vernier measuring scale 8 fixes two through holes at two ends of the second vernier measuring scale fixing scale with two top boss screw holes 3-3 on the second fixing frame 3 through 2 bolts, so that the second vernier measuring scale 8 is fixed above the second fixing frame 3. The sliding end of the second vernier measuring scale is moved to drive the second linear bearing 9, the second sliding rod 10 and the second constraint ring 11 to move left and right in the horizontal direction;
the first restraining ring 7 and the second restraining ring 11 are sleeved on the surface of the shape measuring rod 14 to be calibrated in a clearance fit mode, and the sizes of the first restraining ring 7 and the second restraining ring 11 can be flexibly designed according to different outer diameter sizes of the shape measuring rod 14;
the height and the width of the central space area of the first fixing frame 2 and the second fixing frame 3 are the same, the first fixing frame 2 and the second fixing frame 3 are fixed on the bottom plate 1 through screws, through holes with different displacements in each row of holes in the bottom plate 1 can be selected, the distance between the first fixing frame 2 and the second fixing frame 3 is adjusted, and the shape measuring rod 14 can be conveniently adapted to the calibration requirement.
The deformation application and reading method is as follows:
1) selecting two or more devices according to the length of the deformation measuring rod 14 to be calibrated, and enabling the deformation measuring rod 14 to sequentially penetrate through the constraint rings of all the devices;
2) taking the use of two devices of the invention as an example, one end of the calibrated deformation measuring rod is positioned in two constraint rings of one of the devices of the invention, and the other end of the calibrated deformation measuring rod is positioned in two constraint rings of the other device of the invention;
3) firstly, adjusting and setting initial positions before calibration, assuming that the initial positions of a first vernier measuring scale 4 and a second vernier measuring scale 8 of the two devices are respectively positioned at the central positions in the vertical height direction and the horizontal direction, namely, a deformation measuring rod is positioned at the central positions of a first fixed frame 2 and a second fixed frame 3 along with two constraint rings, and then the positions can be fixed by screwing locking screws on all the vernier measuring scales;
4) if deformation calibration in the vertical direction is needed, two vernier measuring scales of one device can be kept to be locked and fixed continuously, a second vernier measuring scale of the other device is locked and fixed similarly, a locking screw of the first vernier measuring scale is loosened, a sliding end of the vernier measuring scale is pushed to slide in the vertical direction, a first linear bearing, a first sliding rod, a first restraining ring and a calibrated deformation measuring rod are sequentially driven to move in the vertical direction, after a position to be tested is reached, a moving scale on the first vernier measuring scale is read, and an actual and accurate vertical deformation added value is obtained. At the moment, the signal output of the deformation measuring rod (such as the voltage output of a strain gauge, the wavelength output of the fiber bragg grating and the like) can be accurately corresponding to the vertical deformation;
5) by the same reason, the deformation calibration in the horizontal direction without interference can be carried out;
6) similarly, the first vernier scale and the second vernier scale can be moved simultaneously, and two-dimensional deformation in two directions can be applied and read.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-6, the present invention discloses a spatial deformation applying and reading device for calibrating a deformation measuring rod, which includes a base 1, a first fixed frame 2, a second fixed frame 3, a first vernier measuring scale 4, a first linear bearing 5, a first sliding rod 6, a first constraint ring 7, a second vernier measuring scale 8, a second linear bearing 9, a second sliding rod 10, a second constraint ring 11, a first support rod 12, and a second support rod 13.
In this embodiment, the device of the present invention is assembled: firstly, fixing a first fixing frame 2 and a second fixing frame 3 on a bottom plate 1 through screws, and after the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame are assembled on the bottom plate 1, two supporting screw holes 2-4 in the first fixing frame 2 and two supporting through holes 3-4 in the second fixing frame 3 are respectively in concentric correspondence; then, after the first support rod 12 and the second support rod 13 respectively pass through two support through holes 3-4 in the second fixed frame 3, the ends of the first support rod 12 and the second support rod 13 with external threads are screwed into two support screw holes 2-4 in the first fixed frame 2, and the first fixed frame 2 and the second fixed frame 3 are reinforced and supported; then fixing the first vernier measuring scale 4 on the right side frame of the first fixed frame 2 through screws, fixing the first linear bearing 5 on the first vernier measuring scale 4, and fixing the first restraint ring 7 at the end part, close to the first fixed frame 2, of the first sliding rod 6 after the first sliding rod 6 penetrates through the first linear bearing 5; then, the second vernier scale 8 is fixed on the upper frame of the second fixed frame 3 by screws, the second linear bearing 9 is fixed on the second vernier scale 8, and the second slide rod 10 passes through the second linear bearing 9, and then the second confinement ring 11 is fixed on the end portion of the second slide rod 10 close to the second fixed frame 3. After the assembly of device is accomplished, first vernier dipperstick 4 and second vernier dipperstick 8 provide vertical, the horizontal direction deformation respectively and apply the function, can read the scale above two dippersticks simultaneously, obtain concrete deformation value.
When carrying out calibration of the shape measuring rod, the method comprises the following processes:
1) selecting two or more devices of the invention according to the length of the deformation measuring rod to be calibrated, for example, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a calibration situation in which two devices of the invention are used to perform distributed deformation application and reading on the shape measuring rod 14, and fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a calibration situation in which a plurality of devices of the invention are used to perform distributed deformation application and reading on the shape measuring rod 14;
2) taking the example of using two devices of the present invention as shown in fig. 7, the deformation measuring rod 14 sequentially passes through all the constraint rings of the devices of the present invention, the left end of the deformation measuring rod 14 is located in the two constraint rings of the device of the present invention on the left side, and the right end of the calibration deformation measuring rod 14 is located in the two constraint rings of the device of the present invention on the right side;
3) firstly, initial positions before calibration are adjusted and set, and assuming that the initial positions of a first vernier measuring scale 4 and a second vernier measuring scale 8 of the two devices are respectively located at the central positions in the vertical height direction and the horizontal direction, namely the deformation measuring rod 14 is located at the central positions of the first fixing frame 2 and the second fixing frame 3 along with the two constraint rings, and then the positions can be fixed by screwing locking screws on all the vernier measuring scales;
4) if deformation calibration in the vertical direction is needed, the two vernier calipers of the device can be kept to be locked and fixed continuously, the second vernier calipers of the device on the right side are locked and fixed similarly, the locking screw of the first vernier calipers is loosened, the sliding end of the vernier calipers is pushed to slide in the vertical direction, the first linear bearing, the first sliding rod, the first restraint ring and the calibrated deformation measuring rod are sequentially driven to move in the vertical direction, after the position to be tested is reached, the moving scale on the first vernier calipers is read, and the actual and accurate vertical deformation application value is obtained. At the moment, the signal output of the deformation measuring rod (such as the voltage output of a strain gauge, the wavelength output of the fiber bragg grating and the like) can be accurately corresponding to the vertical deformation;
5) by the same reason, the deformation calibration in the horizontal direction without interference can be carried out;
6) similarly, the first vernier scale and the second vernier scale can be moved simultaneously, and two-dimensional deformation in two directions can be applied and read.
7) Similarly, as shown in FIG. 8, four inventive devices may be utilized to develop more complex deformation applications and readouts.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be covered thereby.
Claims (10)
1. A space deformation applying and reading device for calibrating a deformation measuring rod is characterized in that: the device comprises a base (1), a first fixed frame (2), a second fixed frame (3), a first vernier measuring scale (4), a first linear bearing (5), a first sliding rod (6), a first constraint ring (7), a second vernier measuring scale (8), a second linear bearing (9), a second sliding rod (10), a second constraint ring (11), a first supporting rod (12) and a second supporting rod (13); the base (1) is in a square plate shape, and a plurality of parallel row holes are arranged on the base; the first fixing frame (2) and the second fixing frame (3) are both hollow square frame-shaped structures and are arranged in parallel, and the first fixing frame (2) and the second fixing frame (3) are both fixed on the bottom plate (1); the first vernier measuring scale (4) is fixed on the first fixed frame (2), and the second vernier measuring scale (8) is fixed on the second fixed frame (3); the first linear bearing (5) is fixed on the first vernier measuring scale (4), and the first sliding rod (6) is a smooth round shaft with an internal threaded hole at one end and is placed in the first linear bearing (5) to be capable of freely sliding; the first restraint ring (7) is fixed with an internal threaded hole at one end of the first sliding rod (6); the second linear bearing (9) is fixed on the second vernier measuring scale (8); the second sliding rod (10) is a smooth round shaft with an internal threaded hole at one end, is arranged in the second linear bearing (9), and can freely slide; the second restraint ring (11) is fixed with an internal threaded hole at one end of the second sliding rod (10); the size and the structure of the first supporting rod (12) and the second supporting rod (13) are the same, and the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod are both of polished rod structures with external threads at one ends and are located between the first fixing frame (2) and the second fixing frame (3) for supporting.
2. A spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to claim 1, wherein: four rows of holes are arranged on the base (1), namely a first row of holes (1-1), a second row of holes (1-2), a third row of holes (1-3) and a fourth row of holes (1-4), and each row of holes consists of a plurality of through holes at equal intervals; through holes with the same serial number in the four rows of holes correspond to each other;
four first fixed frame bottom screw holes (2-1) are formed in the frame strip at the bottom of the first fixed frame (2) and correspond to four rows of holes in the base (1), the length of the upper part of the right frame strip exceeds that of the upper frame strip, a side boss (2-2) is arranged on the right side surface of each of two ends of the right frame strip, a side boss screw hole (2-3) is formed in the side boss (2-2), and supporting screw holes (2-4) are formed in the upper parts of the left frame strip and the right frame strip respectively;
four second fixed frame bottom screw holes (3-1) are formed in the frame strip at the bottom of the second fixed frame (3) and correspond to four rows of holes in the base (1), the right length of the upper frame strip exceeds that of the right frame strip, top bosses (3-2) are arranged on the upper surfaces of two ends of the upper frame strip, top boss screw holes (3-3) are formed in the top bosses (3-2), and support through holes (3-4) are formed in the upper portions of the left frame strip and the right frame strip respectively;
the first fixing frame (2) and the second fixing frame (3) are fixed on the bottom plate (1) through screws, and after the first fixing frame (2) and the second fixing frame (3) are assembled on the bottom plate (1), two supporting screw holes (2-4) in the first fixing frame (2) and two supporting through holes (3-4) in the second fixing frame (3) are respectively in concentric correspondence.
3. A spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to claim 2, wherein: the first vernier measuring scale (4) comprises a vernier measuring scale fixing scale (4-1), a vernier measuring scale sliding end (4-2) and a locking screw (4-3), two through holes are formed in two ends of the vernier measuring scale fixing scale (4-1) and correspond to two boss screw holes (2-3) in the first fixing frame (2), and the first vernier measuring scale (4) is fixed on the right side of the first fixing frame (2) through the screws; a handle at one side of the sliding end (4-2) of the vernier measuring scale is provided with three through holes with the circle centers positioned on the same straight line; the sliding end (4-2) of the vernier measuring scale is further provided with a threaded through hole for the locking screw (4-3) to be screwed in, and the sliding end (4-2) of the vernier measuring scale is fixed on the vernier measuring scale fixing scale (4-1) by screwing the locking screw (4-3).
4. A spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to claim 3, wherein: the first linear bearing (5) is of a cylindrical structure with a fixed seat, 2 through holes are formed in the fixed seat and correspond to through holes in two sides of three through holes formed in a handle on one side of the sliding end (4-2) of the vernier measuring scale, and the first linear bearing (5) is fixed on the sliding end (4-2) of the vernier measuring scale through bolts and nuts; the circle center of the cylinder structure corresponds to the middle through hole in the three through holes arranged on the handle at one side of the sliding end (4-2) of the vernier measuring ruler.
5. A spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to claim 4, wherein: the first restraint ring (7) is of a circular ring structure with a restraint ring through hole (7-1), and the restraint ring through hole (7-1) is fixed with an internal thread hole at one end of the first sliding rod (6) through a screw.
6. A spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to claim 5, wherein: the second vernier measuring scale (8) and the first vernier measuring scale (4) have the same size and structure; the second linear bearing (9) and the first linear bearing (5) have the same size and structure; the second sliding rod (10) and the first sliding rod (6) have the same size and structure; the second confinement ring (11) and the first confinement ring (7) are the same in size and structure; the second vernier measuring scale (8) is fixed above the second fixed frame (3).
7. A spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to claim 6, wherein: the threaded end of the first supporting rod (12) is matched with a supporting screw hole (2-4) on a left frame strip in the first fixing frame (2), and the other end of the first supporting rod is in interference fit with a supporting through hole (3-4) on a left frame strip in the second fixing frame (3); the size and the structure of the second support rod (13) are the same as those of the first support rod (12), the threaded end of the second support rod (13) is matched with a support screw hole (2-4) on the right frame strip in the first fixing frame (2), and the other end of the second support rod is in interference fit with a support through hole (3-4) of the right frame strip in the second fixing frame (3).
8. A spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to claim 6, wherein: the sliding end (4-2) of the vernier measuring scale on the first vernier measuring scale (4) is moved to drive the first linear bearing (5), the first sliding rod (6) and the first restraining ring (7) to move up and down in the vertical direction; the second linear bearing (9), the second sliding rod (10) and the second restraining ring (11) are driven to move left and right in the horizontal direction by moving the sliding end of the second vernier measuring scale on the second vernier measuring scale (8).
9. A spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: the first restraining ring (7) and the second restraining ring (11) are sleeved on the surface of a shape measuring rod (14) to be calibrated in a clearance fit mode, and the sizes of the first restraining ring (7) and the second restraining ring (11) are designed according to different outer diameter sizes of the shape measuring rod (14).
10. A spatial deformation applying and reading apparatus for calibration of a deformation measuring rod according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that: the height and width of the central space regions of the first fixing frame (2) and the second fixing frame (3) are the same, and the distance between the first fixing frame (2) and the second fixing frame (3) is adjusted by selecting through holes with different displacements in each row of holes on the bottom plate (1) so as to adapt to the calibration requirement of the shape measuring rod (14).
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