CN107702634B - Deformation measuring instrument - Google Patents
Deformation measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN107702634B CN107702634B CN201710879403.1A CN201710879403A CN107702634B CN 107702634 B CN107702634 B CN 107702634B CN 201710879403 A CN201710879403 A CN 201710879403A CN 107702634 B CN107702634 B CN 107702634B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011418 maintenance treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
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- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
- Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a deformation measuring instrument, belongs to the technical field of construction measurement of building engineering, and provides a deformation measuring instrument capable of monitoring the deformation condition of an anti-seismic support at any time, wherein the deformation measuring instrument comprises a support mechanism and a measuring mechanism, the support mechanism comprises an upper support, a lower support and an elastic mechanism, the elastic mechanism is arranged between the upper support and the lower support, and the elastic mechanism can be elastically deformed in a stretching manner along with the change of the distance between the upper support and the lower support; the measuring mechanism comprises a main ruler and an auxiliary ruler, one end of the main ruler is fixed on the lower support, the other end of the main ruler extends upwards, one end of the auxiliary ruler is fixed on the upper support, and the other end of the auxiliary ruler extends downwards; the main scale and the auxiliary scale are respectively provided with scale marks, and the scale marks on the main scale and the auxiliary scale correspond to each other. The measuring instrument has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and convenient use and maintenance, and can effectively and accurately measure the deformation condition of the measured object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering construction measurement, in particular to a deformation measuring instrument.
Background
The more and more anti-seismic supports are used in building construction, and the less anti-seismic supports are used in a single building, and the more the anti-seismic supports are dozens or hundreds. The deformation of each seismic support of the same building is certainly different due to the differences in bearing capacity or environment, which involves the following problems to be solved:
firstly, monitoring the extension and contraction deformation of the earthquake-resistant support, particularly the compression deformation of the earthquake-resistant support; whether the deformation of the anti-seismic support exceeds the design requirement of the anti-seismic support.
And secondly, judging whether the inclination of the building caused by the deformation difference of the anti-seismic support can meet the design requirement if the inclination of the building caused by the deformation difference of the anti-seismic support is judged.
And thirdly, judging whether the anti-seismic support needs to be replaced, maintained and the like under the condition of bearing deformation.
Therefore, there is a need for a measuring device to monitor the deformation of the anti-seismic support at any time, and to determine the deformation of the building according to the monitoring result, and to determine whether the building needs to be repaired or not.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deformation measuring instrument capable of monitoring the deformation condition of an anti-seismic support at any time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the deformation measuring instrument comprises a support mechanism and a measuring mechanism, wherein the support mechanism comprises an upper support, a lower support and an elastic mechanism, the elastic mechanism is arranged between the upper support and the lower support, and the elastic mechanism can elastically deform in a stretching manner along with the change of the distance between the upper support and the lower support; the measuring mechanism comprises a main ruler and an auxiliary ruler, one end of the main ruler is fixed on the lower support, the other end of the main ruler extends upwards, one end of the auxiliary ruler is fixed on the upper support, and the other end of the auxiliary ruler extends downwards; the main scale and the auxiliary scale are respectively provided with scale marks, and the scale marks on the main scale and the auxiliary scale correspond to each other.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the elastic mechanism comprises an inclined strut supporting rod, a horizontal pull rod, a left connecting plate, a right connecting plate, a spring and a screw cap; the horizontal pull rod is arranged between the upper support and the lower support; the left connecting plate is sleeved at the left end of the horizontal pull rod, and the right connecting plate is sleeved at the right end of the horizontal pull rod; inclined support struts are respectively arranged between the left connecting plate and the upper support, between the left connecting plate and the lower support, between the right connecting plate and the upper support and between the right connecting plate and the lower support, and two ends of each inclined support strut are hinged; a screw cap is sleeved on the horizontal pull rod at the outer end of the left connecting plate, and a spring is arranged between the screw cap and the left connecting plate; a screw cap is sleeved on the horizontal pull rod at the outer end of the right connecting plate, and a spring is arranged between the screw cap and the right connecting plate.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: meanwhile, two diagonal bracing support rods connected with the upper support are distributed in a mirror symmetry manner; the two diagonal bracing support rods connected with the upper support and the two diagonal bracing support rods connected with the lower support are distributed in a mirror symmetry mode.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the auxiliary ruler comprises a left auxiliary ruler and a right auxiliary ruler, and the main ruler is arranged between the left auxiliary ruler and the right auxiliary ruler.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: guide grooves are respectively arranged on the left auxiliary ruler and the right auxiliary ruler, guide rails are respectively arranged on two sides of the main ruler, and the guide rails on the main ruler are respectively matched with the guide grooves on the corresponding side auxiliary ruler in a guiding manner.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: a middle line is arranged on the auxiliary ruler, two warning lines are arranged on the main ruler, and an area between the two warning lines is a safety area.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the outer sides of the two warning lines are respectively provided with a warning line, the area which is positioned between the two warning lines and outside the two warning lines is a warning area, and the area which is positioned between the two warning lines is a dangerous area.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the middle line, the warning line and the warning line are lines with different colors.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the central line is a green line, the warning line is a yellow line, and the warning line is a red line.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the precision of the scale marks on the main scale is 1 mm; the accuracy of the scale marks on the auxiliary scale is 0.9 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the measuring instrument can monitor the detected objects such as equipment or objects with deformation conditions such as an earthquake-resistant support in real time, know the deformation conditions of the monitored objects at any time and provide data for the decision of related personnel.
2. The measuring instrument can be used without professional training, and has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and convenient use and maintenance.
3. The measuring instrument of the invention adopts corresponding main scale precision and auxiliary scale precision, the monitoring precision can reach 0.1mm, the error caused by artificial measurement can be reduced, and the measuring precision is ensured to be higher.
4. The measuring instrument can lead the bracket to correspondingly extend and contract along with the deformation of the monitored object through the spring arranged on the bracket mechanism, further drive the relative movement of the main scale and the auxiliary scale through the extension and contraction of the bracket, and obtain the deformation of the monitored object by reading the relative position change of the main scale and the auxiliary scale; and the extension and contraction changes of the monitored object can be monitored.
5. The measuring instrument can visually reflect the deformation state of the monitored object by setting the corresponding warning line and/or warning line.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a strain gauge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an upper support;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lower support;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connection plate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the main scale;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the secondary ruler;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of section B-B of FIG. 7;
labeled as: the auxiliary ruler comprises an upper support 1, a lower support 2, a main ruler 3, an auxiliary ruler 4, a left auxiliary ruler 41, a right auxiliary ruler 42, a diagonal bracing strut 5, a horizontal pull rod 6, a left connecting plate 7, a right connecting plate 8, a spring 9, a nut 10, a backing plate 11, an auxiliary ruler mounting part 12, a hinge seat 13, a main ruler mounting part 14, a guide groove 43, a guide rail 31, a center line 44, a warning line 32 and a warning line 33.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the strain gauge of the present invention includes a support mechanism and a measuring mechanism, wherein the support mechanism includes an upper support 1, a lower support 2 and an elastic mechanism, the elastic mechanism is disposed between the upper support 1 and the lower support 2, and the elastic mechanism can elastically deform in a stretching manner along with a change in a distance between the upper support 1 and the lower support 2; therefore, only the upper support 1 and the lower support 2 need to be respectively abutted against corresponding measured objects, such as anti-seismic supports, and then along with the extension and contraction deformation of the measured objects, the corresponding extension and contraction displacement between the upper support 1 and the lower support 2 can be realized by the elastic mechanism, and then the deformation between the upper support 1 and the lower support 2 is measured by the measuring mechanism; the measuring mechanism can comprise a main ruler 3 and an auxiliary ruler 4, one end of the main ruler 3 is fixed on the lower support 2, the other end of the main ruler 3 extends upwards, one end of the auxiliary ruler 4 is fixed on the upper support 1, and the other end of the auxiliary ruler 4 extends downwards; graduation lines are respectively arranged on the main scale 3 and the auxiliary scale 4, and the graduation lines on the main scale 3 and the auxiliary scale 4 correspond to each other.
More specifically, in order to facilitate adjustment of the elastic mechanism and disassembly and assembly of the whole deformation measuring instrument, the elastic mechanism is arranged in a special structure as follows: the elastic mechanism comprises an inclined strut support rod 5, a horizontal pull rod 6, a left connecting plate 7, a right connecting plate 8, a spring 9 and a screw cap 10, and the structure of the elastic mechanism is shown in the attached drawing 1 after the elastic mechanism is installed; the horizontal pull rod 6 is arranged between the upper support 1 and the lower support 2; the left connecting plate 7 is sleeved at the left end of the horizontal pull rod 6, and the right connecting plate 8 is sleeved at the right end of the horizontal pull rod 6; inclined support struts 5 are respectively arranged between the left connecting plate 7 and the upper support 1, between the left connecting plate 7 and the lower support 2, between the right connecting plate 8 and the upper support 1 and between the right connecting plate 8 and the lower support 2, and two ends of all the inclined support struts 5 are hinged; a screw cap 10 is sleeved on the horizontal pull rod 6 at the outer end of the left connecting plate 7, and a spring 9 is arranged between the screw cap 10 and the left connecting plate 7; a screw cap 10 is sleeved on the horizontal pull rod 6 at the outer end of the right connecting plate 8, and a spring 9 is arranged between the screw cap 10 and the right connecting plate 8. In the structure, the elasticity of the spring 9 can be adjusted by adjusting the corresponding nut 10, the whole measuring instrument can be quickly disassembled and assembled only by adjusting the nut 10, and meanwhile, the installation pretightening force can be adjusted by adjusting the nut 10, so that the upper support 1 and the lower support 2 can be effectively abutted and installed. Of course, if necessary, a shim plate 11 can also be provided between the nut 10 and the spring 9.
More specifically, the upper surface of the upper support 1 and the lower surface of the lower support 2 are respectively supporting surfaces for installing the measuring instrument, and in order to balance the whole measuring instrument as much as possible, two bracing struts 5 connected to the upper support 1 may be arranged to be distributed in mirror symmetry, and two bracing struts 5 connected to the upper support 1 may be arranged to be distributed in mirror symmetry with two bracing struts 5 connected to the lower support 2.
Of course, without loss of generality, in order to facilitate the installation of the respective main scale 3, sub scale 4, diagonal support bar 5, and the like, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the upper support 1 is correspondingly provided with a sub scale mounting portion 12 and an articulated seat 13, the lower support 2 is provided with a main scale mounting portion 14 and an articulated seat 13, and the connecting plate is provided with an articulated seat 13. Thus, the main scale 3 can be mounted on the corresponding main scale mounting part 14, and the auxiliary scale 4 can be mounted on the corresponding auxiliary scale mounting part 12; the two ends of the inclined supporting rod 5 are respectively installed on the corresponding hinge seats 13, and the end part of the inclined supporting rod 5 and the corresponding hinge seat 13 are in hinge fit to allow the inclined supporting rod 5 to rotate, so that the telescopic deformation of the whole elastic mechanism is realized. Of course, since the connecting plate is sleeved on the horizontal pull rod 6, a corresponding perforated structure is also arranged on the connecting part.
In addition, as for the specific fitting structure of the main scale 3 and the sub scale 4, the present invention preferably adopts the following arrangement: the auxiliary scale 4 includes a left auxiliary scale 41 and a right auxiliary scale 42, and the main scale 3 is disposed between the left auxiliary scale 41 and the right auxiliary scale 42. More specifically, in the above structure, the left sub-scale 41 and the right sub-scale 42 are respectively provided with the guide grooves 43, the main scale 3 is respectively provided with the guide rails 31 at both sides thereof, and the guide rails 31 on the main scale 3 are respectively in guiding engagement with the guide grooves 43 on the corresponding side sub-scales 4. In this way, the guide rail 31 is matched with the corresponding guide groove 43, so that the effective corresponding matching relation can be kept in the relative movement process of the main scale 3 and the auxiliary scale 4, and the accuracy of subsequent data reading is ensured.
In addition, in order to facilitate the measurement data to be read on both sides of the measuring instrument, a group of measuring mechanisms can be respectively arranged on both sides of the measuring instrument, and each group of measuring mechanisms respectively comprises a corresponding main ruler 3 and an auxiliary ruler 4.
In practical use, after the whole measuring instrument is installed at the position of the measured object, a central line 44 can be marked on the auxiliary ruler 4, two warning lines 32 can be marked on the main ruler 3, and the area between the two warning lines 32 is a safety area. And in the initial state, the middle line 44 should be located at the middle of the two warning lines 32, so that when the measured object issues corresponding stretching and shrinking deformation in the later period, the relative movement of the main ruler 3 and the auxiliary ruler 4 can be directly and intuitively displayed through the corresponding change of the middle line 44 between the two warning lines 32. More specifically, one warning line 33 may be further marked outside each of the two warning lines 32, and a region located between the two warning lines 33 and outside the two warning lines 32 is a warning region, and a region located outside the two warning lines 33 is a danger region. Through the arrangement, a corresponding safety zone, a corresponding warning zone and a corresponding danger zone can be respectively divided on the main scale 3; that is, after the object to be tested is subjected to corresponding stretching and contracting deformation, the deformation condition of the object to be tested can be known according to the corresponding area of the center line 44 on the auxiliary ruler 4 on the main ruler 3, and whether corresponding maintenance treatment is carried out or not can be considered according to the deformation condition. For example, when the central line 44 on the secondary scale 4 corresponds to the safety zone on the main scale 3, it can be considered that the object to be measured is still in a safe deformation state, and therefore, the object may not be processed correspondingly; when the central line 44 on the auxiliary scale 4 is corresponding to the warning area on the main scale 3, the measured object is considered to be in a sub-safe deformation state, and corresponding maintenance processing is necessary, and further accurate maintenance processing can be performed according to the measurement data between the main scale 3 and the auxiliary scale 4; when the central line 44 on the auxiliary scale 4 corresponds to the dangerous area on the main scale 3, the object to be measured is considered to be in a dangerous deformation state, and the corresponding maintenance processing must be performed as soon as possible, and meanwhile, the accurate maintenance processing can be further performed according to the measurement data between the main scale 3 and the auxiliary scale 4.
In addition, for the convenience of viewing and reading data, lines of different colors can be preferably used for the center line 44, the warning line 32 and the warning line 33 of the mark; for example, the center 44 is a green line, the warning line 32 is a yellow line, and the guard line 33 is a red line.
In addition, in order to improve the measurement precision after the main scale 3 and the auxiliary scale 4 are matched, the precision of the scale marks on the main scale 3 is set to be 1mm in one step; the accuracy of the graduation marks on the sub-scale 4 is 0.9 mm. Thus, after the precision of the main ruler 3 and the precision of the auxiliary ruler 4 are set, the measurement precision of the two matched parts can reach 0.1mm, and the reading precision of measurement can be effectively improved.
Claims (9)
1. Deformation measuring apparatu, its characterized in that: the device comprises a support mechanism and a measuring mechanism, wherein the support mechanism comprises an upper support (1), a lower support (2) and an elastic mechanism, the elastic mechanism is arranged between the upper support (1) and the lower support (2), and the elastic mechanism can elastically deform in a stretching manner along with the change of the distance between the upper support (1) and the lower support (2); the measuring mechanism comprises a main ruler (3) and an auxiliary ruler (4), one end of the main ruler (3) is fixed on the lower support (2), the other end of the main ruler (3) extends upwards, one end of the auxiliary ruler (4) is fixed on the upper support (1), and the other end of the auxiliary ruler (4) extends downwards; scale marks are respectively arranged on the main scale (3) and the auxiliary scale (4), and the scale marks on the main scale (3) and the auxiliary scale (4) correspond to each other; the elastic mechanism comprises an inclined strut support rod (5), a horizontal pull rod (6), a left connecting plate (7), a right connecting plate (8), a spring (9) and a screw cap (10); the horizontal pull rod (6) is arranged between the upper support (1) and the lower support (2); the left connecting plate (7) is sleeved at the left end of the horizontal pull rod (6), and the right connecting plate (8) is sleeved at the right end of the horizontal pull rod (6); inclined strut supporting rods (5) are respectively arranged between the left connecting plate (7) and the upper support (1), between the left connecting plate (7) and the lower support (2), between the right connecting plate (8) and the upper support (1) and between the right connecting plate (8) and the lower support (2), and two ends of all the inclined strut supporting rods (5) are hinged; a screw cap (10) is sleeved on the horizontal pull rod (6) at the outer end of the left connecting plate (7), and a spring (9) is arranged between the screw cap (10) and the left connecting plate (7); a screw cap (10) is sleeved on the horizontal pull rod (6) at the outer end of the right connecting plate (8), and a spring (9) is arranged between the screw cap (10) and the right connecting plate (8).
2. The deformation measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: meanwhile, two diagonal bracing support rods (5) connected with the upper support (1) are distributed in mirror symmetry; two inclined strut supporting rods (5) connected with the upper supporting seat (1) and two inclined strut supporting rods (5) connected with the lower supporting seat (2) are distributed in mirror symmetry.
3. The deformation measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary ruler (4) comprises a left auxiliary ruler (41) and a right auxiliary ruler (42), and the main ruler (3) is arranged between the left auxiliary ruler (41) and the right auxiliary ruler (42).
4. The deformation measuring instrument according to claim 3, wherein: guide grooves (43) are respectively arranged on the left auxiliary ruler (41) and the right auxiliary ruler (42), guide rails (31) are respectively arranged on two sides of the main ruler (3), and the guide rails (31) on the main ruler (3) are respectively matched with the guide grooves (43) on the corresponding side auxiliary ruler (4) in a guiding mode.
5. The deformation measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: a middle line (44) is arranged on the auxiliary ruler (4), two warning lines (32) are arranged on the main ruler (3), and the area between the two warning lines (32) is a safety area.
6. The deformation gauge according to claim 5, wherein: the outside of the two warning lines (32) is respectively provided with a warning line (33), the area which is positioned between the two warning lines (33) and outside the two warning lines (32) is a warning area, and the area which is positioned outside the two warning lines (33) is a danger area.
7. The deformation meter of claim 6, wherein: the middle line (44), the warning line (32) and the warning line (33) are lines with different colors.
8. The deformation meter of claim 7, wherein: the central line (44) is a green line, the warning line (32) is a yellow line, and the warning line (33) is a red line.
9. The deformation measuring instrument as set forth in claims 1 to 8, wherein: the precision of the scale marks on the main scale (3) is 1 mm; the precision of the scale marks on the auxiliary ruler (4) is 0.9 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201710879403.1A CN107702634B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Deformation measuring instrument |
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CN201710879403.1A CN107702634B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Deformation measuring instrument |
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CN107702634A CN107702634A (en) | 2018-02-16 |
CN107702634B true CN107702634B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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CN201710879403.1A Active CN107702634B (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | Deformation measuring instrument |
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CN108955505B (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-07 | 刘建娥 | Device for monitoring dynamic state and surrounding rock state stability of highway tunnel |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN201787914U (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2011-04-06 | 浙江工业职业技术学院 | Digital display external conicity measuring instrument |
CN202032994U (en) * | 2011-04-25 | 2011-11-09 | 江苏兴邦建工集团有限公司 | Device for measuring working deformation of shock isolating supporting seat |
CN103292656A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-09-11 | 颜廷财 | Slope dimension measuring instrument |
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2017
- 2017-09-26 CN CN201710879403.1A patent/CN107702634B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN201787914U (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2011-04-06 | 浙江工业职业技术学院 | Digital display external conicity measuring instrument |
CN202032994U (en) * | 2011-04-25 | 2011-11-09 | 江苏兴邦建工集团有限公司 | Device for measuring working deformation of shock isolating supporting seat |
CN103292656A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-09-11 | 颜廷财 | Slope dimension measuring instrument |
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