CN113217311A - Photo-thermal power generation system and method based on day and night temperature difference - Google Patents

Photo-thermal power generation system and method based on day and night temperature difference Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113217311A
CN113217311A CN202110450529.3A CN202110450529A CN113217311A CN 113217311 A CN113217311 A CN 113217311A CN 202110450529 A CN202110450529 A CN 202110450529A CN 113217311 A CN113217311 A CN 113217311A
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heat
power generation
temperature difference
generation system
night
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CN113217311B (en
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翟融融
刘林桐
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03GSPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03GSPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/04Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Abstract

The invention discloses a photo-thermal power generation system and a photo-thermal power generation method based on day and night temperature difference, wherein the photo-thermal power generation system comprises a heat collection system, a heat transmission system, a heat storage and exchange system, a power generation system and a temperature difference power generation device; the heat collection system, the heat transmission system, the heat storage and exchange system and the power generation system are sequentially connected and used for transmitting heat collected by the heat collection system to the heat storage and exchange system through the heat transmission system, and the power generation system utilizes the collected heat to generate power in the daytime; the temperature difference power generation device is connected with the heat storage and heat exchange system and used for generating power at night by utilizing the heat stored by the heat storage and heat exchange system. The thermoelectric power generation device is integrated outside the heat storage and heat exchange system, so that the power generation can be realized by utilizing the temperature difference between day and night, the unnecessary heat loss at night is reduced, and the high-efficiency utilization capacity of solar energy is improved.

Description

Photo-thermal power generation system and method based on day and night temperature difference
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a solar energy and thermoelectric material integrated photo-thermal power generation technology, and particularly relates to a photo-thermal power generation system and method based on day and night temperature difference.
Background
The large consumption of primary energy not only causes environmental pollution such as haze, but also produces a large amount of greenhouse gases. In the face of global environmental problems such as environmental pollution, greenhouse effect and the like, all countries take renewable energy as a development key point when establishing an energy development route. Solar energy is a clean and sustainable renewable resource that is gaining full attention from all countries. The solar power generation mode is divided into photovoltaic power generation and photo-thermal power generation, wherein the photo-thermal power generation mode has significant development advantages from the aspects of technical difficulty and manufacturing cost.
However, the current photo-thermal power generation technology is still immature, and the heat dissipation problem can occur at night after the heat storage device stores heat in the day, so that the utilization efficiency of energy is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photo-thermal power generation system and method based on day and night temperature difference, which combine a photo-thermal power station heat collection technology with a temperature difference power generation technology, store part of collected heat by using a designed heat storage device in the day time, and finish thermoelectric conversion by using day and night temperature difference through a manufactured temperature difference power generation device mainly made of thermoelectric materials. The balance and complementary functions of solar day power generation and night temperature difference power generation can be realized by the whole system, and finally all-weather combined complementary balance power generation is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a photo-thermal power generation system based on day and night temperature difference comprises a heat collection system, a heat transmission system, a heat storage and exchange system, a power generation system and a temperature difference power generation device;
the heat collection system, the heat transmission system, the heat storage and exchange system and the power generation system are sequentially connected and used for transmitting heat collected by the heat collection system to the heat storage and exchange system through the heat transmission system, and the power generation system utilizes the collected heat to generate power in the daytime;
the temperature difference power generation device is connected with the heat storage and heat exchange system and used for generating power at night by utilizing the heat stored by the heat storage and heat exchange system.
Further, the heat collecting system comprises a heliostat and a heat absorber, and the heliostat is used for reflecting sunlight to the heat absorber.
Further, the heat transfer system comprises a heat collecting tower and a heat transfer channel, the heat transfer channel is connected with the outlet of the heat absorber on the heat sending side, and the heat transfer channel is connected with the inlet of the heat absorber on the cold returning side.
Further, the heat absorber is mounted on the top of the heat collection tower.
Further, the power generation system comprises a steam generator, a steam turbine and a condenser; and a steam outlet of the steam generator is connected with an air inlet of the steam turbine, and a dead steam outlet of the steam turbine is connected with the steam generator after passing through the condenser.
Further, the heat storage and exchange system comprises a hot salt tank and a cold salt tank; the heat transport channel exchanges heat at the hot salt tank and stores part of heat in the hot salt tank; then, the steam generator is connected into a steam generator for heat exchange, and the steam generator absorbs heat to generate steam; the heat transport channel is connected into the cold salt tank for heat exchange after heat exchange in the steam generator, low-temperature heat is stored in the cold salt tank, and the heat transport channel is connected to the inlet of the heat absorber after heat exchange of the cold salt tank.
Further, the power transmission end of the steam turbine is connected with a power grid.
Further, the main body of the thermoelectric power generation device is made of thermoelectric materials and is integrated on the outer side of the hot salt tank.
Further, a plurality of the heliostats are arranged around the heat absorber.
The invention provides another technical scheme that:
a method of utilizing the circadian temperature difference-based photo-thermal power generation system, comprising the steps of:
in the daytime, the heat collection system collects heat and transmits the heat to the heat storage and exchange system through the heat transmission system, and the power generation system generates power in the daytime by utilizing the collected heat; meanwhile, the heat storage and exchange system stores part of the collected heat; when the power generation system does not generate power or the generated energy is lower than a set value in the daytime, the temperature difference power generation device operates and generates power by utilizing the heat of the heat storage and heat exchange system;
at night, the temperature difference power generation device operates, and power generation is carried out by utilizing the heat of the heat storage and heat exchange system and the temperature difference at night.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the photo-thermal power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention integrates the temperature difference power generation device outside the heat storage and heat exchange system, can generate power by using the temperature difference between day and night, reduces unnecessary heat loss at night, and improves the capacity of efficiently utilizing solar energy.
2. The photo-thermal power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the main body of the temperature difference power generation device is the temperature difference power generation device and is made of thermoelectric materials, the thermoelectric conversion is completed by utilizing the temperature difference between day and night at night, the day-time power generation is realized, and the balance and complementation of the night temperature difference power generation are realized.
3. The photo-thermal power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of low cost, long service life, small occupied area, no large mechanical rotating part, no waste, low carbon and environmental protection.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a structure of a photothermal power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a connection block diagram of the thermoelectric power generation device and the hot salt tank according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a detailed connection diagram of a photo-thermal power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1 heliostat; 2, a heat absorber; 3, a heat collecting tower; 4, a hot salt tank; 5, cooling the salt tank; 6 a temperature difference power generation device (6); 7, a steam generator; 8, a steam turbine; 9 a condenser; 10, a power grid; 100 heat collecting system; 200 a heat transport system; 300 heat storage and exchange system; 400 a power generation system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further details of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a photo-thermal power generation system based on a day-night temperature difference includes a heat collecting system 100, a heat transfer system 200, a heat storage and exchange system 300, a power generation system 400, and a thermoelectric power generation device 6; the heat collecting system 100, the heat transmission system 200, the heat storage and heat exchange system 300 and the power generation system 400 are sequentially connected and used for transmitting heat collected by the heat collecting system 100 to the heat storage and heat exchange system 300 through the heat transmission system 200, and the power generation system 400 generates power day by using the collected heat; the thermoelectric generation device 6 is connected to the heat storage and heat exchange system 300, and is configured to generate power at night by using the heat stored in the heat storage and heat exchange system 300.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the heat collecting system 100 includes a heliostat 1 and a heat absorber 2, the heat absorber 2 is installed on the top of a heat collecting tower 3, a plurality of heliostats 1 are arranged around the heat absorber 2, and the heliostat 1 is used for reflecting sunlight onto the heat absorber 2.
The heat transport system 200 comprises a heat collection tower 3 and a heat transport path, the first end of the heat transport side of which is connected to the outlet of the heat sink 2 and the first end of the heat transport path back to the cold side of which is connected to the inlet of the heat sink 2.
The heat storage and exchange system 300 comprises a hot salt tank 4 and a cold salt tank 5; the heat transport channel exchanges heat at the hot salt tank 4, and partial heat is stored in the hot salt tank 4; then, the steam generator 7 is connected to exchange heat, and the steam generator 7 absorbs heat to generate steam; the heat transport passageway inserts cold salt jar 5 heat exchanges after the heat transfer among the steam generator 7, saves low temperature heat in cold salt jar 5, and the heat transport passageway is connected to the import of heat absorber 2 after the heat transfer of cold salt jar 5.
The power generation system 400 includes a steam generator 7, a steam turbine 8, and a condenser 9; the steam outlet of the steam generator 7 is connected with the air inlet of a steam turbine 8, the exhaust steam outlet of the steam turbine 8 is connected with the steam generator 7 after passing through a condenser 9, and the power transmission end of the steam turbine 8 is connected with a power grid 10.
In the present embodiment, the main body of the thermoelectric power generation device 6 is made of a thermoelectric material and is integrated outside the hot salt tank 4.
The invention provides another technical scheme that a method for utilizing a photo-thermal power generation system based on day and night temperature difference comprises the following steps: in the daytime, the heat collecting system 100 collects heat and transmits the heat to the heat storage and exchange system 300 through the heat transmission system 200, and the power generation system 400 generates power in the daytime by using the collected heat; meanwhile, the heat storage and exchange system 300 stores part of the collected heat for generating electricity by utilizing the day and night temperature difference and the temperature difference generating device 6 in a matching way at night; when the daytime power generation system 400 does not generate power or the generated energy is lower than a set value, the thermoelectric power generation device 6 operates to generate power by using the heat of the heat storage and heat exchange system 300; at night, the thermoelectric power generation device 6 operates, power generation is carried out by utilizing the heat of the heat storage and heat exchange system 300 and the temperature difference at night, the whole system can realize solar day power generation and balance and complementation function of night thermoelectric power generation, and finally all-weather combined complementary balance power generation is realized.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (10)

1. A photo-thermal power generation system based on day and night temperature difference is characterized by comprising a heat collection system (100), a heat transmission system (200), a heat storage and exchange system (300), a power generation system (400) and a temperature difference power generation device (6);
the heat collection system (100), the heat transmission system (200), the heat storage and heat exchange system (300) and the power generation system (400) are sequentially connected and used for transmitting heat collected by the heat collection system (100) to the heat storage and heat exchange system (300) through the heat transmission system (200), and the power generation system (400) utilizes the collected heat to generate power in the daytime;
the temperature difference power generation device (6) is connected with the heat storage and heat exchange system (300) and is used for generating power at night by utilizing heat stored by the heat storage and heat exchange system (300).
2. The diurnal temperature difference based solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1 wherein the heat collection system (100) comprises a heliostat (1) and a heat absorber (2), the heliostat (1) for reflecting sunlight onto the heat absorber (2).
3. The diurnal temperature difference based photothermal power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the heat transfer system (200) comprises a heat collecting tower (3) and a heat transport channel, the heat transport channel is connected to the outlet of the heat sink (2) for the hot side, and the heat transport channel is connected to the inlet of the heat sink (2) for the cold side.
4. The diurnal temperature difference based photo-thermal power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat absorber (2) is installed on top of the heat collecting tower (3).
5. The diurnal temperature difference based photo-thermal power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the power generation system (400) includes a steam generator (7), a steam turbine (8) and a condenser (9); and a steam outlet of the steam generator (7) is connected with an air inlet of the steam turbine (8), and a dead steam outlet of the steam turbine (8) is connected with the steam generator (7) after passing through a condenser (9).
6. The diurnal temperature difference based solar thermal power generation system as claimed in claim 3 wherein the heat storage and exchange system (300) comprises a hot salt tank (4) and a cold salt tank (5); the heat transport channel exchanges heat at the hot salt tank (4) and stores part of heat in the hot salt tank (4); then, the steam generator (7) is connected into a steam generator (7) for heat exchange, and the steam generator (7) absorbs heat to generate steam; the heat transport channel is connected into a cold salt tank (5) for heat exchange after heat exchange in a steam generator (7), low-temperature heat is stored in the cold salt tank (5), and the heat transport channel is connected to the inlet of the heat absorber (2) after heat exchange in the cold salt tank (5).
7. The day-night thermal power generation system according to claim 5, wherein the power transmission end of the steam turbine (8) is connected to a power grid (10).
8. The day-night temperature difference-based photo-thermal power generation system according to claim 6, wherein a main body of the temperature difference power generation device (6) is made of a thermoelectric material, integrated outside the hot salt tank (4).
9. The diurnal temperature difference based photo-thermal power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of the heliostats (1) are arranged around the heat absorber (2).
10. A method of using the circadian temperature difference-based photo-thermal power generation system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
in the daytime, the heat collecting system (100) collects heat and transmits the heat to the heat storage and exchange system (300) through the heat transmission system (200), and the power generation system (400) generates power in the daytime by utilizing the collected heat; at the same time, the heat storage and exchange system (300) stores part of the collected heat; when the daytime power generation system (400) does not generate power or the power generation amount is lower than a set value, the temperature difference power generation device (6) operates to generate power by using the heat of the heat storage and heat exchange system (300);
at night, the temperature difference power generation device (6) runs, and power generation is carried out by utilizing the heat of the heat storage and heat exchange system (300) and the temperature difference at night.
CN202110450529.3A 2021-04-25 2021-04-25 Photo-thermal power generation system and method based on day and night temperature difference Active CN113217311B (en)

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