CN113217012B - Optimization design method for section of underground separation chamber - Google Patents
Optimization design method for section of underground separation chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN113217012B CN113217012B CN202110575686.7A CN202110575686A CN113217012B CN 113217012 B CN113217012 B CN 113217012B CN 202110575686 A CN202110575686 A CN 202110575686A CN 113217012 B CN113217012 B CN 113217012B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
Abstract
The invention discloses an optimization design method for a section of an underground separation chamber, which comprises the steps of selecting nine section shapes for comparative analysis; establishing an equivalent excavation model by adopting numerical simulation, and arranging measuring lines around to monitor the deformation of surrounding rocks; taking the convergence of the circular section and the total area of the plastic zone as reference quantities, defining the ratio of the shapes of other sections to the reference quantities as a surrounding rock stability evaluation factor, and defining the product of the evaluation factor and the reference quantities as a surrounding rock stability evaluation coefficient of the separation chamber; then determining the construction difficulty, the supporting difficulty, the ratio of invalid areas and the construction cost of the excavation section of each shape, defining the ratio of each corresponding quantity of other section shapes to the reference quantity of the circular section as an excavation difficulty evaluation factor, and defining the product of the evaluation factors as an excavation difficulty evaluation coefficient; and (4) determining the optimal section shape of the separation chamber by integrating the stability evaluation coefficient of the surrounding rock of each section and the excavation difficulty evaluation coefficient. The invention can effectively reduce the influence of the ground stress on the separation chamber, improve the stability of surrounding rocks of the chamber and ensure the safe and efficient separation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underground chambers of coal mines, in particular to an optimal design method for a section of an underground separation chamber.
Background
China is the biggest world coal production and consumption country, shallow coal resources are gradually exhausted due to long-term exploitation of the coal resources, and deep exploitation becomes a new situation of coal resource exploitation along with the rapid development of coal exploitation technologies and fully mechanized mining equipment in China; however, when the mining depth is increased day by day, a plurality of problems are brought to the mine production, such as that the coal mine lifting cost is increased day by day, the coal mine is influenced by deep four-high-one disturbance (high stress, high ground temperature, high karst water pressure, high gas and strong mining disturbance), the mine disasters are frequently revealed day by day, the ecological environment is damaged by the surface treatment of the gangue, and the problems seriously restrict the efficient green mining of the mine.
The underground coal and gangue separation is a coal separation technology which is based on the resource saving and environment-friendly green mining concept and is suitable for the development of the gangue filling coal mining technology, the underground coal and gangue separation is realized, the separated gangue is filled on site, the gangue lifting is avoided, and the ecological environment pollution caused by the gangue surface treatment is reduced. However, the existing underground separation has the problems that the cross section size of an underground separation chamber group is generally large, the surrounding rock deformation is large and the supporting structure is easy to destabilize under the influence of a deep complex environment due to more construction experiences of the separation chamber excavation, so that the underground coal and gangue separation chamber cross section needs to be optimally designed to improve the stability of the surrounding rock of the coal and gangue separation chamber and ensure the safe and efficient underground coal and gangue separation process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an optimal design method for a section of an underground separation chamber comprises the following steps:
s1.1, determining a mine underground coal and gangue separation method by integrating the level of mine technical equipment, underground separation conditions and separation requirements;
preferably, the underground separation conditions mainly comprise the coal quality and the lumpiness range of raw coal and the production capacity of the raw coal, and the separation requirements mainly comprise separation particle size and design productivity;
s1.2, selecting proper coal and gangue separation equipment based on a coal and gangue separation method, design productivity and the like, and preliminarily determining the minimum section size of a separation chamber meeting production according to the section size calculation principle of the roadway engineering chamber based on the arrangement requirement, the number and the size of the coal and gangue separation equipment, namely determining the minimum effective use area of the section;
s2.1, selecting nine common cross section shapes of the underground roadway cave, such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, a broken line arch, a straight wall semi-circular arch, a circular arc arch, a three-center arch, a semi-ellipse, an ellipse and a circle, and carrying out comparative analysis; setting different side pressure coefficients lambda in each section shape, wherein the setting conditions are the same;
s2.2, establishing a plane strain sheet model of each section shape by adopting a numerical simulation program, establishing an equivalent excavation model of each section shape by combining the minimum effective use area of the section and an equivalent excavation principle, and arranging measuring lines around the section model to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock;
preferably, a string-Softening constitutive model is adopted for the surrounding rock near the section model, and a Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model is adopted for the remote rock;
preferably, under the condition that the section shape is a single variable, in order to avoid the influence of different mechanical parameters of the rock mass on the simulation result, the density, the volume modulus, the shear modulus, the internal friction angle, the cohesion and the tensile strength of the rock mass in the model are subjected to homogenization treatment;
s3.1, determining the top plate convergence, the bottom plate convergence, the left upper convergence, the right upper convergence and the total plastic area of each excavated section model through ergodic numerical calculation, taking the convergence and the total plastic area of each section under a certain side pressure coefficient of a circular section as reference quantities, and taking the side pressure coefficients corresponding to other section shapes as upper and lower partsThe ratio of the convergence, the total area of the plastic region and the corresponding reference quantity of the circular section is defined as a surrounding rock stability evaluation factor D1z、D2z、D3z、D4z、Sz；
S3.2, defining the product of the five surrounding rock stability evaluation factors in the step S3.1 as a surrounding rock stability evaluation coefficient Q of the separation chamberzComparing Q in each section shape under different side pressure coefficientszDetermining the stability sequence of the surrounding rocks;
s4.1, determining the construction difficulty and the supporting difficulty of the excavation section of each shape according to the construction standard of the tunnel chamber, calculating the invalid area ratio and the construction cost of each section shape, taking each quantity above a circular section as a reference quantity, and defining the ratio of each corresponding quantity of other section shapes to the corresponding reference quantity as an evaluation factor of excavation difficulty, which is C respectivelyz、Fz、Iz、Mz；
S4.2, defining the product of the four excavation difficulty evaluation factors in the step S4.1 as an evaluation coefficient E of the excavation difficulty of the sorting chamberzComparing the cross-sectional shapes EzDetermining the sequence of excavation difficulty and easiness according to the size;
s5, synthesizing stability evaluation coefficients Q of surrounding rocks of chambers with various cross-section shapeszAnd evaluation coefficient of excavation easiness EzAnd determining the optimal section shape of the sorting chamber.
Has the advantages that: the invention determines the optimal section shape from the technical and economic aspects, thereby optimizing the section design of the separation chamber, providing scientific theoretical guidance for the excavation of the separation chamber, effectively reducing the influence of the ground stress on the separation chamber, improving the stability of the surrounding rocks of the chamber, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the separation process, and simultaneously obtaining the variation trend of the stability of the surrounding rocks of the separation chamber along with the lateral pressure coefficient based on the section shape.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of convergence measuring lines of surrounding rocks on the cross section of the sorting chamber, the area of a plastic zone and the shape of the cross section.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a method for optimally designing a cross section of an underground sorting chamber comprises the following steps:
s1.1, determining a mine underground coal and gangue separation method by integrating the level of mine technical equipment, underground separation conditions and separation requirements; the underground separation conditions mainly comprise the coal quality and the lumpiness range of raw coal and the production capacity of the raw coal, and the separation requirements mainly comprise separation particle size and design productivity;
s1.2, selecting proper coal gangue separation equipment based on a coal gangue separation method, design productivity and the like, and preliminarily determining minimum section sizes a and b of a separation chamber meeting production according to a roadway engineering chamber section size calculation principle based on the arrangement requirement, the number and the size of the coal gangue separation equipment, namely determining the minimum effective use area of the section;
s2.1, selecting nine common cross section shapes of the underground roadway cave, such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, a broken line arch, a straight wall semi-circular arch, a circular arc arch, a three-center arch, a semi-ellipse, an ellipse and a circle, and carrying out comparative analysis; the same side pressure coefficient λ was set for each cross-sectional shape, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 table of setting conditions of lateral pressure coefficient lambda of section model
S2.2, establishing a plane strain sheet model of each section shape by adopting a numerical simulation program, wherein the overall size of the model is 70m multiplied by 1m multiplied by 80 m; establishing equivalent excavation models of the sections of all shapes by combining the minimum effective use area of the sections and an equivalent excavation principle, wherein the surrounding rock near the section models adopts a string-software constitutive model, and the remote rock adopts a Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model; under the condition that the section shape is a single variable, in order to avoid the influence of different mechanical parameters of the rock mass on the simulation result, the density rho, the volume modulus K, the shear modulus G, the internal friction angle phi, the cohesive force C and the tensile strength sigma of the rock mass in the model are subjected totCarrying out homogenization treatment: ρ 2680kg/m3、K＝5.6GPa、G＝3.2GPa、φ＝33°、C＝2.5MPa、σt1.5MPa, and simultaneously arranging measuring lines around the section model to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock;
s3.1, determining the surrounding rock top plate convergence d of each excavation section model through traversal numerical calculation1zFloor convergence d2zLeft upper convergence d3zRight upper convergence d4zAnd plastic region total area szThe convergence and the total plastic region area of the circular cross section at a certain side pressure coefficient λ n are used as reference values (i.e. d)1、d2、d3、d4、s1) And the ratio of the convergence quantity and the total area of the plastic zone to the corresponding reference quantity of the circular section under the side pressure coefficients corresponding to other section shapes is defined as a surrounding rock stability evaluation factor, and the formula is shown in (1) to (5):
D1z＝d1z/d1 (1)
D2z＝d2z/d2 (2)
D3z＝d3z/d3 (3)
D4z＝d4z/d4 (4)
Sz＝sz/s1 (5)
in the formula, D1z-an influence factor of the convergence of the top plate of the section of the sorting chamber varying with the shape of the section;
D2z-an influence factor of the convergence of the bottom plate of the section of the sorting chamber varying with the shape of the section;
D3z-an influence factor of the left upper convergence of the section of the sorting chamber varying with the shape of the section;
D4z-an influence factor of right upper convergence of the section of the sorting chamber varying with the shape of the section;
Sz-the factor of influence of the total area of the plastic zone of the section of the sorting chamber varying with the shape of the section;
s3.2, defining the product of the five influence factors in the step S3.1 as a stability evaluation coefficient Q of the surrounding rock of the separation chamberzI.e. by
Qz＝D1z×D2z×D3z×D4z×Sz (6)
Comparing Q in each section shape under different side pressure coefficientszSize of (2)Determining the stability sequence of the surrounding rocks;
s4.1, determining the construction difficulty and the support difficulty grade c of the excavation section of each shape according to the construction standard of the tunnel chamberzAnd fzAnd calculating the ratio of invalid areas of each section shape and construction cost izAnd mzTaking the above-mentioned values of the circular cross section as reference values (i.e. c)1、f1、i1、m1) The ratio of each amount corresponding to the other cross-sectional shapes to the corresponding reference amount is defined as an evaluation factor of excavation difficulty, and is expressed by the following formulas (7) to (10):
Cz＝cz/c1 (7)
Fz＝fz/f1 (8)
Iz＝iz/i1 (9)
MZ＝mz/m1 (10)
in the formula, CzInfluence factors of the construction difficulty of the section of the sorting chamber along with the change of the shape of the section;
Fz-factors influencing the difficulty of supporting the section of the sorting chamber as a function of the shape of the section;
Iz-the impact factor of the void fraction of the sorting chamber as a function of the shape of the section;
Mz-factors influencing the construction cost of the section of the sorting chamber as a function of the shape of the section;
s4.2, defining the product of the four influence factors in the step S4.1 as an evaluation coefficient E of the excavation difficulty of the sorting chamberzI.e. by
Ez＝Cz×Fz×Iz×Mz (11)
Comparing the respective cross-sectional shapes EzDetermining the sequence of excavation difficulty and easiness according to the size;
s5, synthesizing stability evaluation coefficients Q of surrounding rocks of chambers with various cross-section shapeszAnd evaluation coefficient of excavation easiness EzAnd determining the optimal section shape of the sorting chamber.
Claims (4)
1. An optimal design method for a section of an underground separation chamber comprises the following steps:
s1.1, determining a mine underground coal and gangue separation method by integrating the level of mine technical equipment, underground separation conditions and separation requirements;
s1.2, selecting proper coal gangue separation equipment based on a coal gangue separation method and design productivity, and preliminarily determining the minimum section size of a separation chamber meeting production according to a roadway engineering chamber section size calculation principle based on the arrangement requirement, the number and the size of the coal gangue separation equipment, namely determining the minimum effective use area of the section;
s2.1, selecting nine common cross section shapes of the underground roadway cave, such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, a broken line arch, a straight wall semi-circular arch, a circular arc arch, a three-center arch, a semi-ellipse, an ellipse and a circle, and carrying out comparative analysis; setting different side pressure coefficients lambda in each section shape;
s2.2, establishing a plane strain sheet model of each section shape by adopting a numerical simulation program, establishing an equivalent excavation model of each section shape by combining the minimum effective use area of the section and an equivalent excavation principle, and arranging measuring lines around the equivalent excavation model to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock;
s3.1, calculating and determining the top plate convergence amount, the bottom plate convergence amount, the left upper convergence amount, the right upper convergence amount and the total plastic area of the equivalent excavation model of each section shape through ergodic numerical values, taking the convergence amounts and the total plastic area of the equivalent excavation model of each section shape as reference quantities, defining the ratio of the convergence amounts, the total plastic area and the corresponding reference quantities of the circular section under a certain side pressure coefficient of the circular section shape as surrounding rock stability evaluation factors, namely D1z、D2z、D3z、D4z、Sz；
S3.2, defining the product of the five surrounding rock stability evaluation factors in the step S3.1 as a surrounding rock stability evaluation coefficient Q of the separation chamberzComparing Q in each section shape under different side pressure coefficientszDetermining the stability sequence of the surrounding rocks;
s4.1, determining the construction difficulty and the supporting difficulty of the excavation section of each shape according to the construction standard of the tunnel chamber, and calculating the invalid area ratio and the construction difficulty of each section shapeThe cost is defined as the evaluation factors of excavation difficulty by taking the above quantities of the circular cross section as reference quantities and the ratios of the corresponding quantities of other cross section shapes and the corresponding reference quantities, and the evaluation factors are respectively Cz、Fz、Iz、Mz；
S4.2, defining the product of the four excavation difficulty evaluation factors in the step S4.1 as an evaluation coefficient E of the excavation difficulty of the sorting chamberzComparing the cross-sectional shapes EzDetermining the sequence of excavation difficulty and easiness according to the size;
s5, synthesizing stability evaluation coefficients Q of surrounding rocks of chambers with various cross-section shapeszAnd evaluation coefficient of excavation easiness EzAnd determining the optimal section shape of the sorting chamber.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1.1, the downhole separation conditions mainly include raw coal quality and lumpiness range and raw coal production capacity, and the separation requirements mainly include separation particle size and design capacity.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2.2, a string-proofing constitutive model is used for the surrounding rock near the equivalent excavation model, and a Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model is used for the remote rock.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein in step S2.2, the density, bulk modulus, shear modulus, internal friction angle, cohesion and tensile strength of the rock mass in the equivalent excavation model are homogenized in order to avoid the influence of different mechanical parameters of the rock mass on the simulation result under the condition that the shape of the cross section is a single variable.
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