CN113216131B - On-site calibration method of in-situ test equipment - Google Patents
On-site calibration method of in-situ test equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a field calibration method of in-situ test equipment, which comprises the following steps of 1, indoor calibration and correction of the in-situ test equipment, wherein the in-situ test equipment meeting the indoor calibration requirement is to-be-detected equipment; 2. the field calibration and correction of the equipment to be detected: the method comprises the steps of searching a standard test field suitable for field calibration, carrying out field calibration on equipment to be detected in the standard test field, judging whether the equipment to be detected meets the field application requirement, judging whether the equipment to be detected which does not meet the field application requirement meets the field calibration requirement and detecting the precision of the equipment. The calibration method provided by the invention can reduce the difference between the stress mode and the stress mode in the soil body in the actual operation process, thereby improving the test precision of the in-situ test equipment calibration, and avoiding the problems of difficult design and construction of subsequent engineering, increased engineering cost, reduced safety of engineering construction and the like; the device is provided with corresponding calibration equipment, and a standard test field is provided for carrying out test research on actual application of the equipment, so that convenience is brought to research and development of a new in-situ test technology and test equipment, research and development costs of the in-situ test technology and the test equipment are saved, and research and development speed is accelerated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a field calibration method of in-situ test equipment.
Background
With the continuous development of geotechnical engineering, the in-situ testing technology represented by the main technology of static sounding has been vigorously developed due to the advantages of rapid testing, no need of sampling, continuous operation, large testing data volume, small disturbance on soil, closer measured data to the original parameters of soil mass and the like. Along with the continuous and deep research of modern multifunctional in-situ testing technology, the corresponding in-situ testing technology theory and testing equipment tend to be diversified. However, a more standard test site for testing the actual application effect of the test equipment is lacked for a new in-situ test technical theory and new test equipment. Taking the piezocone penetration test technology as an example, the calibration method of the test probe is usually to apply a cyclic load to the test part of the probe by adopting a piezocone penetration tester indoors so as to test whether the reading of a force value sensor in the probe has an error. However, in the actual operation process, the equipment is subjected to more complicated stress conditions such as confining pressure of surrounding soil bodies when penetrating into the soil layer. Obviously, the calibration method has great limitation, and the difference between the stress mode of the calibration method and the stress mode in the actual operation process is great.
Because the stress modes are different, the indoor calibration only calibrates the sensor through force transmission, which only proves that the calibration force transmission path and the sensor of the equipment have no problem, but cannot evaluate whether the whole equipment meets the requirements, for example, the equipment is worn, if the wear does not affect the force transmission path during calibration, but the friction force of the side wall can be caused to have errors due to the wear when the whole equipment is stressed in the soil layer. In addition, the influence of the internal structure of the equipment cannot be tested in an indoor calibration test, but the equipment can cause problems in operation, and a serious person can influence the design and construction of subsequent projects, so that the construction cost is increased, and the safety of the projects is threatened.
Meanwhile, newly developed in-situ test equipment often does not have corresponding calibration equipment, and a standard test field is lacked for carrying out test research on actual application of the equipment, so that the research and development speed of novel in-situ test technology and equipment is greatly limited, and the test cost spent in the actual application research is increased. In a test field with relatively uniform soil layer distribution, the variation curve of the in-situ test parameters measured by standard test equipment for many times along with the depth can present a large similar curve, and if the standard test curve is obtained, the evaluation of the actual application effect of the test equipment to be detected has important significance.
In conclusion, the established field calibration method of the in-situ test equipment has research and application significance, is beneficial to research and development and application of new equipment, improves the test precision of the equipment, and prolongs the service life of the equipment which is not easy to calibrate indoors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a field calibration method of in-situ test equipment, which is used for solving the problem that the in-situ test equipment lacks a field calibration evaluation method with practical application effect.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a field calibration method for in-situ test equipment comprises the following steps:
s1, indoor calibration and correction of in-situ test testing equipment:
s1-1, calibrating a sensor of the test equipment by using a sensor calibration device suitable for in-situ test equipment: arranging in-situ test equipment on a sensor calibration device, and applying a load value a which can be read in real time to the in-situ test equipment through the calibration device;
s1-2, comparing the force application load value a with the read measured value b on the in-situ test testing device: setting an allowable error range as x, calculating an error value between the force application load value a and a measured value b read from the in-situ test equipment, and if the error value range is within x, enabling the in-situ test equipment to meet the indoor calibration requirement;
the in-situ test equipment meeting the indoor calibration requirement is equipment to be detected;
s2, field calibration and correction of the device to be detected:
s2-1, searching a standard test field suitable for field calibration: the test field has an in-situ test foundation, the soil body parameters to be tested of the equipment to be tested have standard distribution curves, namely the standard curves of the equipment to be tested, and the test field keeps the in-situ state without being obviously interfered;
s2-2, carrying out field calibration on the equipment to be detected in a standard test field: penetrating a device to be detected into a soil layer of a test field, reading test parameters at intervals of certain depth according to reading requirements along with the increase of the penetration depth, and comparing a test curve of a measured value obtained by the device to be detected, which changes along with the penetration depth, with a standard curve of in-situ test equipment of a standard test field;
s2-3, judging whether the equipment to be detected meets the field application requirements: respectively reading the value c on the test curve and the value d on the standard curve on the same penetration depth value of the test curve and the standard curve, and calculating the error value z between the two values;
setting n error values at the depth values at the same interval in the whole calibrated penetration depth range, respectively reading the numerical values of the test curve and the standard curve, calculating n error values between the two numerical values, calculating a total error value Z, and setting an error value allowable range at a single depth as Y and a total error value allowable range as Y; if the number of the error values outside the error value allowable range Y is within 5% of the total number n, and the total error value Z is within the total error value allowable range Y, the device to be detected is considered to meet the field application requirement; otherwise, the device to be detected is considered not to meet the field application requirements;
s2-4, judging whether the equipment to be detected which does not meet the field application requirements meets the field calibration requirements:
performing curve fitting on the n error values changing along with the depth by using a curve fitting method, setting a fitting curve as yz = f (x), yz as a fitting value, x as the depth, and setting a fitting goodness allowable range; if the goodness of fit of the error value fitting curve is within the allowable range, the correlation exists between the error value fitting curve changing along with the depth and the standard curve, and the equipment to be detected meets the field calibration requirement; otherwise, the equipment to be detected is considered to be not in accordance with the on-site calibration requirement and cannot be put into on-site application;
according to the equipment to be tested meeting the on-site calibration requirement, after subtracting a fitting value of the same depth on an error value fitting curve from an error value z at the depth x, a corrected error value z1 is obtained, namely z1= z-f (x); repeating the step S2-3, and planning to set new n error values and a total error value Z1, wherein if the error value quantity of the corrected error value Z1 outside the error value allowed range Y is within 5% of the total number n, and the total error value Z1 is within the total error value allowed range Y, the device to be tested is considered to meet the field application requirement;
the equipment to be detected which meets the field application requirements is test equipment;
s2-5, precision detection of test equipment: the method comprises the steps of judging the precision of the test equipment according to the error condition of a test curve and a standard curve of the test equipment when the test equipment meets the field application requirement, considering that the detection precision of the test equipment is higher when the number of error values meeting the error value allowable range and the integral error value of the curve are smaller, artificially dividing the specific precision according to the standard curve precision of a standard test field, and further dividing the test equipment meeting different precisions into different engineering application types which can be put into use.
Further, in step S2-2, the in-situ test equipment in the standard curve of the standard test field in-situ test equipment refers to: and the in-situ test equipment is consistent with soil body parameters to be tested of the equipment to be tested.
Further, in step S2-2, the standard curve of the standard test field in-situ test equipment refers to: the standard test field has a large number of in-situ test foundations, and the soil parameters to be tested by the equipment to be tested have standard distribution curves within a certain depth, namely the standard curves of the equipment to be tested.
Further, in the step S2-2, the penetration depth values are selected as D/4, D/2, D, 2D, and 4D, the soil parameter values of the penetration depth values at D/4, D/2, D, 2D, and 4D are respectively read from the test curve and the standard curve, and the error values between the soil parameter values on the test curve and the soil parameter values on the standard curve when the penetration depth values at D/4, D/2, D, 2D, and 4D are sequentially calculated.
Further, in the step S2-4, the curve fitting method includes data error analysis, linear fitting and mathematical geometry method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the field calibration method of the in-situ test equipment is provided, and the difference between the stress mode and the stress mode in the soil body in the actual operation process is reduced, so that the test precision of the in-situ test equipment calibration is improved, and the problems of difficult design and construction of subsequent engineering, increased engineering cost, reduced safety of engineering construction and the like are solved.
2. The device is provided with corresponding calibration equipment, and a standard test field is provided for carrying out test research on actual application of the equipment, so that convenience is brought to research and development of a new in-situ test technology and test equipment, research and development costs of the in-situ test technology and the test equipment are saved, and research and development speed is accelerated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic working flow diagram of a field calibration method of an in-situ test equipment provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the invention are shown, but which may be embodied in different forms and not limited to the embodiments described herein, but which are provided so as to provide a more thorough and complete disclosure of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a field calibration method of an in-situ test device includes the following steps:
s1, indoor calibration and correction of in-situ test testing equipment:
s1-1, calibrating a sensor of the test equipment by using a sensor calibration device suitable for in-situ test equipment: arranging in-situ test equipment on a sensor calibration device, and applying a load value a which can be read in real time to the in-situ test equipment through the calibration device;
s1-2, comparing the force application load value a with the read measured value b on the in-situ test testing device: setting an allowable error range as x, calculating an error value between the force application load value a and a measured value b read from the in-situ test equipment, and if the error value range is within x, enabling the in-situ test equipment to meet the indoor calibration requirement;
the in-situ test equipment meeting the indoor calibration requirement is equipment to be detected;
s2, field calibration and correction of the device to be detected:
s2-1, searching a standard test field suitable for field calibration: the test field has an in-situ test foundation, the soil body parameters to be tested of the equipment to be tested have standard distribution curves, namely the standard curves of the equipment to be tested, and the test field keeps the in-situ state without being obviously interfered;
s2-2, carrying out field calibration on the equipment to be detected in a standard test field: the method comprises the steps that a device to be detected is penetrated into a soil layer of a test field, test parameters are read at intervals of certain depth according to reading requirements along with the increase of penetration depth, and a test curve of a measured value, which is obtained by the device to be detected, changing along with the penetration depth is compared with a standard curve of a standard test field in-situ test device;
s2-3, judging whether the equipment to be detected meets the field application requirements: respectively reading the value c on the test curve and the value d on the standard curve on the same penetration depth value of the test curve and the standard curve, and calculating the error value z between the two values;
setting n error values at the depth values at the same interval in the whole calibrated penetration depth range, respectively reading the numerical values of the test curve and the standard curve, calculating n error values between the two numerical values, calculating a total error value Z, and setting an error value allowable range at a single depth as Y and a total error value allowable range as Y; if the number of the error values outside the error value allowable range Y is within 5% of the total number n, and the total error value Z is within the total error value allowable range Y, the device to be detected is considered to meet the field application requirement; otherwise, the device to be detected is considered not to meet the field application requirements;
s2-4, judging whether the equipment to be detected which does not meet the field application requirements meets the field calibration requirements:
performing curve fitting on n error values changing along with the depth by using a curve fitting method (comprising data error analysis, linear fitting and mathematical geometry methods), wherein a fitting curve is yz = f (x), yz is a fitting value, x is the depth, and a fitting goodness allowable range is set; if the goodness of fit of the error value fitting curve is within the allowable range, the correlation exists between the error value fitting curve changing along with the depth and the standard curve, and the equipment to be detected meets the field calibration requirement; otherwise, the equipment to be detected is considered to be not in accordance with the on-site calibration requirement and cannot be put into on-site application;
according to the to-be-tested equipment meeting the field calibration requirement, after subtracting a fitting value of the same depth on an error value fitting curve from an error value z at the depth x, a corrected error value z1 is obtained, namely z1= z-f (x); repeating the step S2-3, and planning to set new n error values and a total error value Z1, wherein if the number of the error values of the corrected error value Z1 outside the error value allowable range Y is within 5% of the total number n, and the total error value Z1 is within the total error value allowable range Y, the device to be tested is considered to meet the field application requirement;
the equipment to be detected which meets the field application requirements is test equipment;
s2-5, precision detection of test equipment: the method comprises the steps of judging the precision of the test equipment according to the error condition of a test curve and a standard curve of the test equipment when the test equipment meets the field application requirement, considering that the detection precision of the test equipment is higher when the number of error values meeting the error value allowable range and the integral error value of the curve are smaller, and further dividing different engineering application types which can be put into use for the test equipment meeting different precisions according to the standard curve precision of a standard test field.
Preferably, the penetration depth values are selected to be D/4, D/2, D, 2D and 4D, soil parameter values of the penetration depth values at D/4, D/2, D, 2D and 4D are read on the test curve and the standard curve respectively, and error values between the soil parameter values on the test curve and the soil parameter values on the standard curve when the penetration depth values at D/4, D/2, D, 2D and 4D are calculated in sequence.
It should be noted that, in step S1, the indoor calibration and correction adopt calibration test procedures and equipment calibration requirements in the relevant industry standards of the piezocone penetration test technology, such as piezocone penetration test technical specification T/CCES 1-2017.
It should be noted that the types of calibration of the in-situ test equipment and the obtained parameters are many, and when the in-situ test equipment is calibrated on site, the calibration needs to be performed in a test field conforming to the in-situ test equipment. Such as: the in-situ test equipment for the piezocone penetration test is characterized in that a test field with a standard curve of the piezocone penetration test is selected for calibration, and the obtained parameters are cone tip resistance, side wall friction resistance and pore water pressure. The test field with the standard curve of the piezocone penetration test remains undisturbed in the in-situ state.
The standard curve with piezocone penetration test refers to: the standard test field with the standard test data curve of the piezocone penetration test has a large number of in-situ test bases, and the cone tip resistance, the side wall friction resistance and the pore water pressure which need to be tested by the equipment to be tested have standard distribution curves within a certain depth, namely the standard curve of the equipment to be tested.
For the convenience of understanding and verifying the feasibility of the above correction method, a specific example of depth parameter correction is described herein. Depth parameter acquisition of piezocone penetration test equipment is generally achieved by a depth encoder which works separately from the probe, so that when the probe is inclined, depth correction is required. However, when the tilt sensor inside the probe itself has a problem, the tilt angle occurs but the probe is not tilted, and the depth is reduced by correcting the depth with the tilt angle. And when the depth parameter is compared with a standard test data curve, the depth error can be quickly found, and the depth error can be determined by simply carrying out geometric amplification analysis on the curve along the depth, so that the depth parameter is standardized and corrected. Because the curve changes caused by different errors are different, but the correction method can be deduced as long as the influence of the curve has correlation with the depth, in practice, because of more influence factors, the errors can be unified into a parameter correction model which changes along with the depth, and the parameter correction model can be in the forms of a linear function, an exponential function and the like, and a corresponding correction formula can be obtained by fitting out a relation curve of the errors and the depth.
It should be understood that all in-situ test tests capable of obtaining a standard test data curve varying with depth can be similar to the field calibration method of the test equipment, and those skilled in the art can easily obtain the calibration method of other in-situ test equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A field calibration method of in-situ test equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, indoor calibration and correction of in-situ test testing equipment:
s1-1, calibrating a sensor of the test equipment by using a sensor calibration device suitable for in-situ test equipment: arranging in-situ test equipment on a sensor calibration device, and applying a load value a which can be read in real time to the in-situ test equipment through the calibration device;
s1-2, comparing the force application load value a with the read measured value b on the in-situ test testing device: setting an allowable error range as x, calculating an error value between the force application load value a and a measured value b read from the in-situ test equipment, and if the error value range is within x, enabling the in-situ test equipment to meet the indoor calibration requirement;
the in-situ test equipment meeting the indoor calibration requirement is equipment to be detected;
s2, field calibration and correction of the device to be detected:
s2-1, searching a standard test field suitable for field calibration: the test field has an in-situ test foundation, the soil body parameters to be tested of the equipment to be tested have standard distribution curves, namely the standard curves of the equipment to be tested, and the test field keeps the in-situ state without being obviously interfered;
s2-2, carrying out field calibration on the equipment to be detected in a standard test field: the method comprises the steps that a device to be detected is penetrated into a soil layer of a test field, test parameters are read at intervals of certain depth according to reading requirements along with the increase of penetration depth, and a test curve of a measured value, which is obtained by the device to be detected, changing along with the penetration depth is compared with a standard curve of a standard test field in-situ test device;
s2-3, judging whether the equipment to be detected meets the field application requirements: respectively reading the value c on the test curve and the value d on the standard curve on the same penetration depth value of the test curve and the standard curve, and calculating the error value z between the two values;
setting n error values at the depth values at the same interval in the whole calibrated penetration depth range, respectively reading the numerical values of the test curve and the standard curve, calculating n error values between the two numerical values, calculating a total error value Z, and setting an error value allowable range at a single depth as Y and a total error value allowable range as Y; if the number of the error values outside the error value allowable range Y is within 5% of the total number n, and the total error value Z is within the total error value allowable range Y, the device to be detected is considered to meet the field application requirement; otherwise, the device to be detected is considered not to meet the field application requirements;
s2-4, judging whether the equipment to be detected which does not meet the field application requirements meets the field calibration requirements:
performing curve fitting on the n error values changing along with the depth by using a curve fitting method, setting a fitting curve as yz = f (x), yz as a fitting value, x as the depth, and setting a fitting goodness allowable range; if the goodness of fit of the error value fitting curve is within the allowable range, the correlation exists between the error value fitting curve changing along with the depth and the standard curve, and the equipment to be detected meets the field calibration requirement; otherwise, the equipment to be detected is considered to be not in accordance with the on-site calibration requirement and cannot be put into on-site application;
according to the to-be-tested equipment meeting the field calibration requirement, after subtracting a fitting value of the same depth on an error value fitting curve from an error value z at the depth x, a corrected error value z1 is obtained, namely z1= z-f (x); repeating the step S2-3, and planning to set new n error values and a total error value Z1, wherein if the error value quantity of the corrected error value Z1 outside the error value allowed range Y is within 5% of the total number n, and the total error value Z1 is within the total error value allowed range Y, the device to be tested is considered to meet the field application requirement;
the equipment to be detected which meets the field application requirements is test equipment;
s2-5, precision detection of test equipment: the method comprises the steps of judging the precision of the test equipment according to the error condition of a test curve and a standard curve of the test equipment when the test equipment meets the field application requirement, considering that the detection precision of the test equipment is higher when the number of error values meeting the error value allowable range and the integral error value of the curve are smaller, artificially dividing the specific precision according to the standard curve precision of a standard test field, and further dividing the test equipment meeting different precisions into different engineering application types which can be put into use.
2. The method for on-site calibration of in-situ test equipment according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2-2, the in-situ test equipment in the standard curve of the standard test field in-situ test equipment is: and the in-situ test equipment is consistent with soil body parameters to be tested of the equipment to be tested.
3. The in-situ calibration method for in-situ test equipment of claim 2, wherein in the step S2-2, the penetration depth values are selected as D/4, D/2, D, 2D, and 4D, the soil parameter values of the penetration depth values at D/4, D/2, D, 2D, and 4D are respectively read from the test curve and the standard curve, and the error values between the soil parameter values on the test curve and the soil parameter values on the standard curve are sequentially calculated when the penetration depth values at D/4, D/2, D, 2D, and 4D.
4. The method for on-site calibration of in-situ test equipment according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2-4, the curve fitting method comprises data error analysis, linear fitting and mathematical geometry method.
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