CN113215353B - Double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle - Google Patents
Double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113215353B CN113215353B CN202110528269.7A CN202110528269A CN113215353B CN 113215353 B CN113215353 B CN 113215353B CN 202110528269 A CN202110528269 A CN 202110528269A CN 113215353 B CN113215353 B CN 113215353B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
- C21C2005/4626—Means for cooling, e.g. by gases, fluids or liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
A double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle. The invention provides a double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle. The double Mach number of the present inventionMa) The oxygen lance nozzle comprises an oxygen inlet 1, a water inlet annular seam 2, a water outlet annular seam 3, peripheral holes 4, a central hole 5 and a baffle plate 6, and is characterized in that the peripheral holes 4 are a plurality of peripheral holes which incline towards the periphery (namely the connecting end of the peripheral holes 4 and the oxygen inlet 1 is closer to the center of the nozzle, as shown in figure 1), and the peripheral holes 4 are uniformly distributed around the central hole 5; the Mach number of the outlet of the central hole 5 is lower than that of the outlet of the peripheral hole 4, oxygen for blowing enters the oxygen inlet 1 from the oxygen branch pipe and then respectively enters the peripheral hole 4 and the central hole 5 to complete the jet flow acceleration process, and cooling water enters from the water inlet annular gap 2 to complete the cooling of the oxygen lance nozzle and then flows out from the water outlet annular gap 3 through the baffle plate 6.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle.
Background
The performance and structure of the oxygen lance and the corresponding blowing process are closely related to the effect of converter steelmaking. Particularly, the converter plays a leading global role in converter steelmaking by top-blown oxygen. The method determines a series of important process factors such as the contact area of the oxygen jet flow and a converter molten pool, the penetration depth of the jet flow, the stirring effect of the jet flow on the molten pool, the temperature rising speed of the molten pool, the oxidation degree of various elements and the like, thereby playing an important role in slagging, splashing, impurity removal, end point control and various economic and technical indexes. At present, the structure of the multi-hole Laval oxygen lance nozzle commonly used for top-blown converter steelmaking in China is characterized in that the sizes and the shapes of all spray holes of the nozzle are the same, the Mach number (Ma number) is the same, the spray holes are uniformly distributed around the axis of the oxygen lance, under the determined converter capacity and the design pressure, the spray hole inclination angle and the spray hole number are strictly limited, and the change of the blowing effect by adjusting the lance position of the oxygen lance is still the most common process control in the blowing process at present. However, under the background of increasingly urgent high-efficiency and low-cost steel making in the steel industry in China, the limitation of jet flow performance control is suffered, and a series of problems of the traditional oxygen lance in the blowing process are gradually highlighted and mainly reflected in that: the stirring intensity of the jet flow to the molten pool is improved, and simultaneously the splashing outside the furnace is easily caused. The stirring intensity of jet flow to a molten pool is very important for the production of the converter, the higher the stirring intensity is, the shorter the blowing time in the smelting process of the converter is, the higher the productivity of the converter is, however, the too high stirring intensity means too large impact strength, and metal liquid drops are easy to splash to an oxygen lance to cause the lance adhesion and lance burning, so that the service life of the oxygen lance is shortened, and even the metal liquid drops splash to the outside of the converter to cause safety accidents. In recent years, the stirring strength of foreign converters tends to increase, but the stirring strength of domestic large converters has a larger gap compared with that of foreign advanced steel mills.
The splashing is a typical accident with highest occurrence frequency and serious accident consequence in the operation process of high-temperature molten metal, and the occurrence of the splashing behavior can cause the increase of the consumption of steel materials, generate a large amount of red dust, pollute the environment and cause various safety accidents. The converter is used as key equipment for steel smelting, and the iron and steel material consumption and the personal safety of the converter are directly influenced by the occurrence of a furnace mouth splashing phenomenon along with the change of balance states such as material balance, heat balance and the like in the blowing process. Therefore, the control of the occurrence of furnace mouth splashing in the converting process plays a vital role in reducing the consumption of steel materials, reducing the cost and increasing the benefit of steel enterprises. At present, the converter steelmaking process at home and abroad greatly improves the occurrence of furnace mouth splashing, but the problems of furnace mouth slag running and slag overflow in the blowing process of the traditional oxygen lance still occur sometimes.
At present, the traditional oxygen lance has not provided a satisfactory solution to the problem of improving the stirring strength while reducing the mouth splash. Therefore, changing the jet characteristics of the oxygen lance to improve the blowing performance has been a key technology continuously explored by researchers at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems and provides a double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the double-Mach number (Ma) oxygen lance nozzle comprises an oxygen inlet 1, a water inlet annular seam 2, a water outlet annular seam 3, peripheral holes 4, a central hole 5 and a baffle plate 6, and is characterized in that the peripheral holes 4 are a plurality of peripheral holes which incline towards the periphery (namely the connecting end of the peripheral holes 4 and the oxygen inlet 1 is closer to the center of the nozzle, as shown in figure 1), and the peripheral holes 4 are uniformly distributed around the central hole 5; the Mach number of the outlet of the central hole 5 is lower than that of the outlet of the peripheral hole 4, oxygen for blowing enters the oxygen inlet 1 from the oxygen branch pipe and then respectively enters the peripheral hole 4 and the central hole 5 to finish the jet flow acceleration process, and cooling water enters from the water inlet annular gap 2 to finish cooling the oxygen lance nozzle and then flows out from the water outlet annular gap 3 through the baffle plate 6.
As a preferable scheme, the peripheral hole 4 and the central hole 5 both adopt a laval tube structure.
As another preferred scheme, the included angle alpha between the peripheral hole 4 and the central axis of the spray head is 13-15 degrees, and the central axis of the central hole 5 is coincided with the central axis of the spray head.
As another preferred scheme, the baffle plate 6 is an inclined ring plate arranged at the bottom of the water inlet annular seam 2, the ring plate is inclined upwards from the middle to the outside, and the center of the ring plate is provided with a water through hole. The baffle plate prolongs the length of the flow passage, increases the flow velocity between the pipes, increases the turbulence degree and improves the cooling effect of the oxygen lance nozzle.
As another preferable scheme, the upper end surface of the ring plate is a double-folded surface, the lower end surface of the ring plate is an inclined surface, and the inclination of the outer ring folded surface 8 of the upper end surface is greater than that of the inner ring folded surface 7.
As another preferable scheme, the outlet diameter of the central hole 5 is d o2 The diameter of the outlet of the peripheral hole 4 is d o1 ，
Q 2 For central bore flow, Q 1 For peripheral orifice flow, ma 1 Mach number, ma, of the outlet of the peripheral bore 2 Mach number, v, of outlets of the central bore 01 Is the exit velocity of the peripheral orifice, v 02 Is the exit velocity of the central bore.
As another preferred embodiment, Q is described in the present invention 2 /Q 1 In the range of 30/70 to 35/65.
Secondly, the outlet Ma of the central hole 5 is = 1.7-1.9, and the outlet Ma of the peripheral hole 4 is = 2.00-2.09.
In addition, the application range of the double-Mach number (Ma) oxygen lance nozzle is 200-300 tons of converters, the number of the central holes 5 is 1, the number of the peripheral holes 4 is 4, the early stage slagging lance position in the blowing process is 2.6-3.2 m, the middle stage decarburization lance position is 2.4-2.8 m, and the later stage carbon drawing lance position is 2.0-2.4 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects.
The invention changes the traditional porous jet flow nozzle structure, adopts a central hole with low Mach number (Ma number) to ensure the jet flow strength of the oxygen lance, and adopts a plurality of peripheral holes with high Ma number and large inclination angle to surround the central hole so as to maintain the effective converting area of the oxygen jet flow and reduce the splashing problem of a furnace mouth. The innovation of the technical scheme is that the central hole is arranged in a single-hole large-flow mode with low Ma number, so that the low Ma number can effectively reduce the splashing phenomenon caused by the action of jet flow and a molten pool on one hand, and the single-flow large-flow mode can make up the defect of oxygen supply strength reduction caused by the low Ma number on the other hand. And for peripheral holes surrounded by the central hole, by means of the structural characteristics of the large inclination angle with high Ma number, on one hand, the large inclination angle increases the action area of jet flow and a molten pool, and on the other hand, the high Ma number makes up the impact strength reduced by the large inclination angle. The two Ma numbers are cooperatively arranged, so that the design parameters and the process parameters of the oxygen lance nozzle are enriched, the traditional converting process that the converting effect is changed by adjusting the lance position of the oxygen lance is overcome, and the problem that the stirring strength is improved and the furnace mouth splashing is reduced in the converting process can be effectively solved to a certain extent.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. The scope of the invention is not limited to the following expressions.
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a dual Mach number lance nozzle for a 200-300 ton converter.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a dual Mach number lance tip for a 200-300 ton converter.
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a dual Mach number lance nozzle for a 200-300 ton converter.
FIG. 4 is a schematic isometric view of a dual Mach number lance nozzle for a 200-300 ton converter.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1: double-Mach-number oxygen lance nozzle for 260-ton converter and water model experiment of converting process
In practical high-temperature blowing, the difficulty in collecting the amount of the splashing of the converter mouth is high, so in example 1, a converter of 260 tons is taken as a prototype and is reduced by 7 times in proportion, and a converter-oxygen lance water model system is established. The system mainly comprises an air compressor, a constant pressure tank, a converter model, an oxygen lance nozzle and a lifting device.
The experimental gun position is determined to be 0.24 m-0.4 m through the geometric similarity of a model and a prototype on the basis of the operation gun position in the actual converting process. The blowing oxygen amount is calculated by a similar criterion number Froude (140-180) Nm3/h. The amount of spatter was determined by covering the furnace mouth with a water-absorbing sponge and recording the change in weight of the sponge per unit time.
The stirring intensity of the oxygen lance jet flow to the molten pool can not be directly obtained, so the stirring intensity of the jet flow to the molten pool is indirectly reacted by adopting the conventional method, namely a mixing time method. The shorter the time of mixing, the greater the intensity of stirring.
The model oxygen lance nozzle adopts three types of traditional 5-hole oxygen lance nozzles, traditional 6-hole oxygen lance nozzles and double Ma oxygen lance nozzles respectively, and the specific geometrical dimensions are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 converter prototypes and models geometry
| | Prototype | 1/7 model | |
| Capacity (ton) | 260 | - | |
| Molten pool diameter (m) | 6.12 | 0.87 | |
| Depth of molten pool (m) | 1.80 | 0.26 |
TABLE 2 geometric dimension of model oxygen lance nozzle
The amounts of the three types of oxygen lance nozzles in the present embodiment at different gas supply flow rates and different injection heights are shown in tables 3, 4 and 5.
TABLE 3. Amount of splashing per gram of nozzle of oxygen lance with five holes in the tradition -2 min -1
| Operating point | 0.24m | 0.32m | 0.4m |
| 140Nm 3 /h | 3.212 | 3.0871 | 2.788 |
| 160Nm 3 /h | 3.312 | 2.991 | 2.983 |
| 180Nm 3 /h | 3.8 | 3.650 | 3.400 |
TABLE 4. Amount of splashing per gram of m of nozzle of traditional six-hole oxygen lance -2 min -1
| Operating point | 0.24m | 0.32m | 0.4m |
| 140Nm 3 /h | 3.314 | 3.101 | 2.811 |
| 160Nm 3 /h | 3.57 | 3.399 | 3.213 |
| 180Nm 3 /h | 4.089 | 3.771 | 3.596 |
TABLE 5 double Ma oxygen lance nozzle spray amount/gram m -2 min -1
| Operating point | 0.24m | 0.32m | 0.4m |
| 70Nm 3 /h | 2.9556 | 2.823 | 2.6777 |
| 80Nm 3 /h | 3.220 | 2.901 | 2.980 |
| 90Nm 3 /h | 3.745 | 3.501 | 3.315 |
Comparing the experimental results of this example, it can be found that: under the same lance position and gas supply flow, the amount of the splashed gas at the nozzle of the double Ma oxygen lance is lower than that of the traditional 5-hole oxygen lance and 6-hole oxygen lance. This shows that the arrangement scheme of double Ma numbers of the central holes and the peripheral holes can effectively reduce the amount of the furnace mouth splashing under the same blowing process. Wherein the average value of the furnace mouth splashing amount of the double Ma oxygen lance nozzles under different working conditions is 4.00 percent lower than that of the traditional 5-hole oxygen lance and 9.04 percent lower than that of the traditional 6-hole oxygen lance.
The mixing time of the three oxygen lance nozzles in the embodiment under different gas supply flow rates and different injection heights is shown in tables 6, 7 and 8 respectively.
TABLE 3 mixing time/s of nozzle of conventional five-hole oxygen lance
TABLE 4. Mixing time/s of nozzle of conventional six-hole oxygen lance
| Operating point | 0.24m | 0.32m | 0.4m |
| 140Nm 3 /h | 70 | 71 | 74 |
| 160Nm 3 /h | 60 | 62 | 68 |
| 180Nm 3 /h | 54 | 60 | 62 |
TABLE 5 mixing time/s for dual Ma oxygen lance nozzle
| Operating point | 0.24m | 0.32m | 0.4m |
| 70Nm 3 /h | 62 | 67 | 71 |
| 80Nm 3 /h | 57 | 58 | 59 |
| 90Nm 3 /h | 53 | 54 | 56 |
Comparing the experimental results of this example, it can be found that: under the same lance position and gas supply flow, the mixing time of the double Ma oxygen lance nozzles is shorter than that of the traditional 5-hole oxygen lance and 6-hole oxygen lance. This shows that the stirring intensity of the jet flow to the molten pool can be effectively improved under the same blowing process by adopting the arrangement scheme of double Ma numbers of the central hole and the peripheral holes. Wherein the average value of the furnace mouth splashing amount of the double Ma oxygen lance nozzles under different working conditions is 59.7s, 15.9s lower than that of the traditional 5-hole oxygen lance and 4.8s lower than that of the traditional 6-hole oxygen lance.
From the effects of the embodiment, the double Ma oxygen lance nozzles can improve the stirring strength of jet flow to a molten pool and reduce the occurrence of splashing outside the furnace.
Compared with the traditional oxygen lance nozzle and the blowing process thereof mature in the field of technology, the invention thoroughly subverts the design idea of the oxygen lance nozzle with the traditional structure, and can effectively reduce the furnace mouth splashing rate by about 2-10% when the same oxygen flow is adopted under the same converter capacity; and under the condition of the same furnace mouth splashing amount, the blowing time is effectively shortened, and the oxygen supply intensity is improved by about 3-7 percent. The blowing lance position adopted by the blowing process is 0.1-0.5 m higher than that of the current conventional oxygen lance, so the invention can also greatly improve the problem of sticking of the oxygen lance nozzle, and has positive effect on prolonging the service life of the oxygen lance nozzle.
It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, not limitation, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle comprises an oxygen inlet (1), a water inlet circular seam (2), a water outlet circular seam (3), peripheral holes (4), a central hole (5) and a baffle plate (6), and is characterized in that the peripheral holes (4) are a plurality of peripheral holes which incline towards the periphery, the connecting end of the peripheral holes (4) and the oxygen inlet (1) is closer to the center of the nozzle, and the peripheral holes (4) are uniformly distributed around the central hole (5); the Mach number of the outlet of the central hole (5) is lower than that of the outlet of the peripheral hole (4), oxygen for blowing enters the oxygen inlet (1) from the oxygen branch pipe and then respectively enters the peripheral hole (4) and the central hole (5) to finish the jet flow acceleration process, and cooling water enters the water inlet annular gap (2) to finish cooling the oxygen lance nozzle and then flows out from the water outlet annular gap (3) through the baffle plate (6);
the peripheral hole (4) and the central hole (5) both adopt a Laval tube structure;
the included angle alpha between the peripheral hole (4) and the central axis of the spray head is 13-15 degrees, and the central axis of the central hole (5) is superposed with the central axis of the spray head;
the baffle plate (6) is an inclined annular plate arranged at the bottom of the water inlet annular seam (2), the annular plate is inclined upwards from the middle to the outside, and the center of the annular plate is provided with a water through hole; the baffle plate prolongs the length of a flow passage, increases the flow velocity between pipes, increases the turbulence degree and improves the cooling effect of the oxygen lance nozzle;
the upper end face of the annular plate is a double-folded face, the lower end face of the annular plate is an inclined face, and the inclination of an outer ring folded face (8) of the upper end face is greater than that of an inner ring folded face (7);
the diameter of the outlet of the central hole (5) is d o2 The diameter of the outlet of the peripheral hole (4) is d o1 ，
Q 2 For central bore flow, Q 1 For peripheral orifice flow, ma 1 Mach number, ma, of the outlets of the peripheral holes 2 Mach number, v, of outlets of the central bore 01 Is the exit velocity of the peripheral orifice, v 02 The exit velocity for the center hole;
said Q 2 /Q 1 The range of (1) is 30/70-35/65;
the outlet Ma of the central hole (5) is = 1.7-1.9, and the outlet Ma of the peripheral hole (4) is = 2.00-2.09;
the application range of the double-Mach number oxygen lance nozzle is 200-300 tons of converters, the number of the central holes (5) is 1, the number of the peripheral holes (4) is 4, the earlier stage slagging lance position in the blowing process is 2.6-3.2 m, the middle stage decarburization lance position is 2.4-2.8 m, and the later stage carbon drawing lance position is 2.0-2.4 m.
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| CN202110528269.7A CN113215353B (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2021-05-14 | Double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle |
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| CN202110528269.7A CN113215353B (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2021-05-14 | Double Mach number oxygen lance nozzle |
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| CN113215353B true CN113215353B (en) | 2022-11-04 |
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| CN115976394B (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2024-04-05 | 宁波吉威盛机械有限公司 | Production process of low-carbon alloy steel |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2173790Y (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1994-08-10 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | High-strength oxygen lance for large converter |
| RU2112048C1 (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1998-05-27 | Акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" | Lance for metal blowing |
| JP2007239082A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-09-20 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method for oxidize-refining molten metal and top-blown lance for refining |
| CN201660655U (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2010-12-01 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High-efficiency oxygen lance nozzle of converter |
| CN105441624A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-03-30 | 中冶赛迪上海工程技术有限公司 | Lance head structure and method for double-oxygen-flow adjustment of top blowing oxygen flow rate of converter |
| CN205205168U (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-05-04 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | A low temperature hangs down ferrosilicon water oxygen rifle shower nozzle for 90 tons of converters are smelted |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070057417A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-15 | Michael Strelbisky | Metallurgical lance with annular gas flow control |
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- 2021-05-14 CN CN202110528269.7A patent/CN113215353B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2173790Y (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1994-08-10 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | High-strength oxygen lance for large converter |
| RU2112048C1 (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1998-05-27 | Акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" | Lance for metal blowing |
| JP2007239082A (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-09-20 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method for oxidize-refining molten metal and top-blown lance for refining |
| CN201660655U (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2010-12-01 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High-efficiency oxygen lance nozzle of converter |
| CN205205168U (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-05-04 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | A low temperature hangs down ferrosilicon water oxygen rifle shower nozzle for 90 tons of converters are smelted |
| CN105441624A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-03-30 | 中冶赛迪上海工程技术有限公司 | Lance head structure and method for double-oxygen-flow adjustment of top blowing oxygen flow rate of converter |
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