Tooth root fixator, machining method thereof and positioning tool for auxiliary machining
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a tooth root fixator, a processing method thereof and a positioning tool for auxiliary processing.
Background
Dental implant refers to a method for restoring lost teeth by implanting autologous or allogeneic extracted teeth into a recipient jaw bone. Compared with the implant, the implant has excellent biomechanical property, does not have the stress shielding effect of a titanium alloy implant, and can better perform physiological function after being combined with bone tissues. The original socket needs to be trimmed to match the root morphology of the donor tooth before the dental implant is performed. However, the tooth root forms are different, and only a standardized tool can be used for personalized rest, so that the skill of a doctor is required, time and labor are wasted, and the result is not satisfactory. The matching degree of the tooth root form of the donor tooth and the alveolar fossa directly influences the initial stability of the transplanted tooth, indirectly leads to high failure rate of the transplanted tooth, and greatly limits the clinical application of tooth transplantation.
With the development of material technology, biodegradable materials are gradually applied to oral medicine, combine or replace traditional materials, achieve the purposes of simplifying surgery and improving curative effect, and play an important role in bone regeneration. As a biodegradable metal material, the magnesium alloy has a series of characteristics of good biocompatibility, low density, higher strength coefficient and the like, is applied to the medical field as a bionic bone material, and shows a promoting effect on the growth of surrounding bone tissues in a degradation process.
The dental root fixator is made of biodegradable magnesium alloy, the appearance size of the dental root fixator is fixed, the alveolar socket which is precisely matched with the fixator can be easily laid on the maxillofacial bone by using a standardized tool, the standardization of the operation in the oral cavity is realized, the personalized processing operation is transferred to the outside of the oral cavity to be solved, the problem of poor matching between the alveolar socket and donor teeth is solved, the transplanted tooth has good initial stability, and the guarantee is provided for the long-term healing of the transplanted tooth. Meanwhile, the operation time of a doctor is reduced, and the osteoinduction of the magnesium alloy is reduced to promote osteogenesis.
After the problem of fixing the fixture to the socket is solved, the problem of fixing the implant to the fixture is also solved.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 106344961B discloses a magnesium alloy stent suitable for dental implantation, wherein the magnesium alloy stent is an integral magnesium alloy conical screw, and the implant tooth is inserted into the stent along the Z-axis (the Z-axis extending upward visually in the coordinates) direction, so that the stent can be removed along the Z-axis direction, and complete fixation of the implant tooth cannot be achieved. In order to realize the limit in the Z-axis direction, the inner wall of the fixing device is provided with a protruding element, but the insertion of the tooth root can be blocked in the later use, the structure is difficult to process and realize, and the tooth roots with different shapes can not be ensured to form better fixed connection with the fixer because of different shapes of the tooth roots.
In the related art, the inventor thinks that different root shapes are different, so that the root with different shapes can not be ensured to form better fixed connection with the fixer.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a tooth root fixer, a processing method thereof and a positioning tool for auxiliary processing, which aim to solve the problem that the tooth roots with different shapes cannot be well fixedly connected with the fixer because the shapes of the tooth roots are different.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a root fixture, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a tooth root fixer, is located the alveolus and is connected with the alveolus, includes the body of two half frustum forms and carries out spacing coupling assembling to tooth root and two bodies, has respectively seted up an arc wall on the side that two bodies are close to each other, and two bodies set up relatively and are connected through coupling assembling, make two arc walls form the tooth root chamber that holds the tooth root and with tooth root shape looks adaptation.
By adopting the technical scheme, the two bodies are connected through the connecting component, the tooth root after installation can be limited, the two arc-shaped grooves are spliced to form a complete tooth root cavity, the tooth root cavity is matched with the shape of the tooth root, the tooth root of the transplanted tooth can be better fixed, the degree of freedom of the tooth root is limited, the tooth root is prevented from being separated from the tooth root fixer along the Z-axis direction, and the stability of the tooth root is improved.
Optionally, coupling assembling include annular first cover union piece and second cover union piece, second cover union piece suit be close to the one end of alveolar socket bottom at two bodies, first cover union piece suit keep away from the one end of alveolar socket bottom at two bodies.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first sleeving piece and the second sleeving piece are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the two bodies to fix and limit the two bodies, so that the phenomenon of dislocation of the two bodies after connection is reduced, the tooth root can be prevented from being separated, and the normal use of the tooth root fixator is ensured.
Optionally, an annular rib for limiting the body is arranged on the inner wall of the first sleeve, and the rib is located at the port of the tooth root cavity.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first sleeve joint piece is sleeved on the tooth root, and the diameter of the flange is smaller than that of the tooth root, so that the tooth root can be prevented from being separated from the tooth root cavity.
Optionally, the body is provided with a top edge used in cooperation with the first sleeving piece, and a bottom cylinder of the semi-cylinder is arranged at the end part of the body close to the second sleeving piece.
By adopting the technical scheme, the top edge is matched with the first sleeving piece, and the bottom cylinder is connected with the second sleeving piece, so that the stability of the tooth root positioner is improved.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for processing a root fixture, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a processing method of a tooth root fixer comprises the following steps:
s100, scanning data of a tooth root, and preparing a tooth root electrode matched with the tooth root;
s200, preparing a blank of the tooth root fixer and dividing the blank;
and S300, processing tooth root cavities on the two divided body blanks.
By adopting the technical scheme, the tooth root electrode matched with the tooth root is prepared according to the data of the tooth root, the blank of the tooth root fixer is prepared, the blank is externally processed and divided, the arc-shaped groove is processed on the body blank through the tooth root electrode, the tooth root cavity is formed after the two bodies are connected, the tooth root electrode matched with the tooth root electrode is formulated according to the shapes of different tooth roots, the tooth root cavity capable of placing the tooth root is prepared, the preparation process of the tooth root fixer is streamlined and standardized, the production cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Optionally, step S200 includes:
s210, processing a blank of the tooth root fixer to form a frustum shape, wherein the conical surface angle of a conical head part is beta, and processing a top edge column and a bottom column;
and S220, uniformly dividing the blank of the tooth root fixer into two parts.
By adopting the technical scheme, the blank of the tooth root fixer is processed to form a frustum shape, so that the blank can be placed into the tooth socket and connected with the tooth socket, the blank of the tooth root fixer is uniformly divided, the tooth root cavity is conveniently processed respectively, and the preparation accuracy and the use effect of the tooth root cavity are improved.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a positioning tool for assisting a tooth root fixture machining method, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a positioning tool for assisting a tooth root fixator processing method comprises a base, a rotating assembly and a hoop for placing a body, wherein the hoop is connected with the rotating assembly, the rotating assembly is rotatably connected with the base, and a limiting part for limiting the rotation of the rotating assembly is arranged on the base.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, place the body in embracing the ring, can fix spacingly to two bodies through rotating assembly, be convenient for process the arc wall on the body, simple structure, the operation of being convenient for, in the manufacturing process of root of tooth fixer, improved body stability, prevent that it from taking place the displacement.
Optionally, one end of the base is provided with a shaft hole for inserting two bottom cylinders, the limiting part comprises two pins, and the two pins are uniformly distributed around the shaft hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, shaft hole and pin are spacing to the runner assembly, guarantee the steadiness of body, are convenient for process the body, guarantee that the runner assembly is accurate in the circumferencial direction location.
Optionally, the rotating assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a semicircular boss and a semicircular rotating seat, the rotating shaft is connected with the shaft hole in an inserting mode, the boss is located between the rotating shaft and the rotating seat and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft and the rotating seat respectively, a bottom cylindrical hole for connecting two bottom cylinders in an inserting mode is formed in the center of the rotating shaft, and a semicircular inserting groove which is coaxial with the bottom cylindrical hole is formed in the circular portion of the boss.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the body, embrace the ring, ground cylinder hole and inserting groove and all rotate around same axial lead, the processing position of two bodies of adjustment that can be more accurate ensures the precision of processing.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the two bodies are connected through the connecting component, so that the limit can be formed on the installed tooth root, the two arc-shaped grooves are spliced to form a complete tooth root cavity, the shape of the tooth root cavity is matched with that of the tooth root, the tooth root of the transplanted tooth can be well fixed, the degree of freedom of the tooth root is limited, the tooth root is prevented from being separated from the tooth root fixer along the Z-axis direction, and the stability of the tooth root is improved;
2. according to the method, the root electrodes matched with the roots are prepared according to data of the roots, the blanks of the root fixator are prepared, external processing is carried out on the blanks, the blanks are divided, arc-shaped grooves are processed on the body blanks through the root electrodes, root cavities are formed after the two bodies are connected, the root electrodes matched with the bodies are made according to the shapes of different roots, and the root cavities capable of containing the roots are prepared, so that the root fixator is prepared in a streamlined and standardized manner, the production cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved;
3. the body is placed in the embracing ring, the two bodies can be fixed and limited through the rotating assembly, the arc-shaped grooves are convenient to process on the bodies, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the stability of the bodies is improved and the bodies are prevented from displacing in the manufacturing process of the tooth root fixator.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the root fixture of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the root fixture blank after external machining as described in the present application.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the body formed by dividing the root fixture blank in the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the root electrode in the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the positioning tool and a body in the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the positioning tool and another body in the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotating assembly in the present application.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the hoop in the present application.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the root electrode and root fixture of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a body, 11, an arc-shaped groove, 12, a top edge, 13, a cone head part, 2, a tooth root cavity, 3, a first sleeving part, 31, a rib, 4, a second sleeving part, 5, a bottom cylinder, 6, a base, 61, a shaft hole, 7, a rotating assembly, 71, a rotating shaft, 711, a bottom cylinder hole, 72, a boss, 721, an insertion groove, 722, a pin hole, 73, a rotating seat, 8, a holding ring, 81, an annular body, 82, a trapezoidal baffle, 83, a cavity, 9, a pin, 10, a tooth root electrode, 101, a clamping handle, 102 and a tooth root forming part.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-10.
The embodiment of the application discloses a tooth root fixator, a processing method thereof and a positioning tool for auxiliary processing.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a tooth root fixer, fixed connection is in the alveolus nest, it includes the body 1 of two half frustum forms and carries out spacing coupling assembling to tooth root and two bodies 1, an arc wall 11 has respectively been seted up on the side that two bodies 1 are close to each other, two bodies 1 set up relatively and are connected through coupling assembling, make two arc walls 11 form hold tooth root and with the tooth root chamber 2 of tooth root shape looks adaptation, the tip that is close to the alveolus bottom after two bodies 1 are connected is cone portion 13, be provided with the external screw thread on two bodies 1 lateral surfaces.
The connecting assembly comprises an annular first sleeving piece 3 and an annular second sleeving piece 4, the end part of the body 1 close to the second sleeving piece 4 is provided with a semi-cylindrical bottom cylinder 5, the second sleeving piece 4 is in a circular table shape, a through hole for inserting the two bottom cylinders 5 is formed in the middle of the second sleeving piece, the second sleeving piece 4 is sleeved on the end heads of the two bodies 1 close to the bottoms of the tooth socket, the second sleeving piece is in threaded connection with the two bodies 1, the first sleeving piece 3 and the second sleeving piece 4 fix and limit the two bodies 1 in two directions, an annular flange 31 for limiting the bodies 1 is arranged on the inner wall of the first sleeving piece 3, the flange 31 is located at the port of the tooth root cavity 2, and the diameter of the annular flange 31 is smaller than that of the tooth root, so that the tooth root can be prevented from being separated from the tooth root cavity.
The first sleeving piece 3 is sleeved on the end heads of the other ends of the two bodies 1 and is in threaded connection with the two bodies 1, the top edge 12 is arranged on the outer side of the end head of the body 1 far away from the bottom of the alveolar socket, and the blocking edge 31 is clamped on the top edge 12.
The implementation principle of the tooth root fixator in the embodiment of the application is as follows: before the tooth root fixator is used, the second sleeving part 4 is firstly sleeved on the two bottom cylinders 5, the second sleeving part 4 is screwed into the two bodies 1, then the first sleeving part 3 is sleeved on the tooth root, the tooth root is placed in a tooth root cavity formed by the two bodies 1, the first sleeving part 3 is sleeved on the two bodies 1, and the first sleeving part 3 is screwed on the two bodies 1, so that the installation of the tooth root and the tooth root fixator can be completed.
According to fig. 3 and 4, the positioning tool for assisting the processing method of the tooth root fixator comprises a base 6, a rotating assembly 7 and a hoop 8 for placing a body 1, wherein the hoop 8 is connected with the rotating assembly 7 in a specified manner, a shaft hole 61 is formed in one end part of the base 6, the rotating assembly 7 is inserted into the shaft hole 61 and is connected with the base 6 in a rotating manner, and a limiting part for limiting the rotation of the rotating assembly 7 is arranged on the base 6.
The locating part includes two pins 9, and two pins 9 equipartitions are in the relative both sides of shaft hole 61, and the height of pin 9 is H.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the rotating assembly 7 includes a rotating shaft 71 inserted into the shaft hole 61 and a semi-annular rotating base 73, a semicircular boss 72 is disposed between the rotating shaft 71 and the rotating base 73, the boss 72 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 71 and the rotating base 73, the hoop 8 is sleeved on the rotating base 73, a bottom cylindrical hole 711 is disposed in the center of the rotating shaft 71, the bottom cylindrical hole 711 is inserted into the two bottom cylinders 15, a semicircular insertion groove 721 coaxial with the bottom cylindrical hole 711 is disposed in the circular portion of the boss 72, a pin hole 722 used in cooperation with the pin 9 is disposed at a position of the boss 72 close to the edge, and the pin 9 is inserted into the pin hole 722 to prevent the rotating assembly 7 from rotating.
The hoop 8 comprises an annular body 81 and two trapezoidal baffles 82, wherein the two trapezoidal baffles 82 are respectively arranged at two ends of the annular body 81 and form a cavity 83 capable of containing the body 1 with the annular body 81. The included angle of the conical surface of the annular body 81 is beta, the angle of the beta is 10-35 degrees, and the included angle is the same as the angle of the conical surface of the conical head part.
The residual shaft holes 61 of the rotating shaft 71 are in small clearance fit, so that the shaft holes 61 are always coaxial when the rotating assembly rotates, the pins 9 are in small clearance fit with the pin holes 722, the rotating assembly is accurately positioned in the circumferential direction of the shaft holes, and the annular body 81 is in small clearance fit with the rotating base 73.
And (3) installing the positioning tool, inserting the rotating shaft 71 into the shaft hole 61, rotating the boss 72 to enable the pin hole 722 to be inserted into the pin 9, and limiting the rotating assembly 7.
Before the positioning tool is used, the body 1 is placed into the cavity 83, the side face of the body 1 is attached to the inner side faces of the two trapezoidal baffles 82, the bottom cylinder 15 is inserted into the insertion groove 721, and the trapezoidal baffles 82 are used for placing the body 1 to be separated from the rotary seat 73.
A processing method of a tooth root fixer comprises the following steps:
s100, scanning data of a tooth root, and preparing a tooth root electrode matched with the tooth root;
s110, acquiring three-dimensional data of a tooth root of a pre-implant by utilizing CT scanning;
and S120, designing a tooth root electrode by using three-dimensional design software (UG, PROE and the like) according to the three-dimensional data of the tooth root, wherein the tooth root electrode is made of pure copper and printed by using a 3D printing technology.
Referring to fig. 7, S200, preparing and dividing a blank of the tooth root fixture;
s210, processing a blank of the tooth root fixator on a numerical control lathe or other numerical control equipment by using a degradable magnesium alloy rod, and processing an external thread, a top edge and a cylinder on the outer side surface of the blank, wherein the included angle of the conical surface of the conical head part is beta, and the angle of the beta is 10-35 degrees;
referring to fig. 8, S220, the blank of the root fixture is divided into two parts by a wire-cut electric discharge machine along the central axis to form two bodies and two bottom cylinders.
Referring to fig. 9, the root electrode comprises a clamping handle 101 and a root forming part 102 fixedly connected with the clamping handle 101, the clamping handle 101 is used for clamping the root electrode on an electrode head of an electric spark forming device, and the root forming part 102 is used for machining an arc-shaped groove 11 on the body 1, so that the root cavity 2 is formed according to the shape of the root after the two arc-shaped grooves 11 are connected.
Referring to fig. 10, S300, designing a positioning tool for clamping the tooth root fixator, and processing tooth root cavities of the two body blanks through positioning work;
s310, processing a body;
putting the body into a positioning tool, completely putting the body into a cavity, clamping the positioning tool on a workbench of the electric spark forming equipment, and enabling the Y-axis direction of the positioning tool to coincide with the Y-axis direction of the workbench of the equipment;
clamping the tooth root electrode on a chuck of the electric spark forming equipment, and adjusting the direction of the maximum bending degree of the tooth root electrode to be positioned in the Y-axis direction of a workbench, so that the processed tooth root cavity can well fix and limit the tooth root of the transplanted tooth and prevent the transplanted tooth from moving up and down; adjusting the lower end of the tooth root electrode to be in contact with the top surface of the pin, wherein the distance from the lowest point of the tooth root electrode to the upper surface of the base is equal to the height of the pin, and the upper and lower positions of the tooth root cavity machined by electromachining in the two bodies are controlled; adjusting the relative positions of the root electrode and the two body blanks in the X-axis direction to enable the root electrode to be positioned in the middle of the root fixer;
referring to FIGS. 3 and 10, assuming that the diameter of the root cavity is W, the table is advanced rightward by W/2, and a body is finished.
S320, processing the other body;
the position of the root electrode does not need to be adjusted, the pin on the right side of the base is inserted into the pin hole, and the workbench feeds W/2 to the left, so that the other body can be machined.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.