CN113210889A - Method for laser cutting of 3mm titanium alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for cutting a 3mm titanium alloy by laser, which comprises the following steps: removing oil stains and dust on the surface of the titanium alloy, and keeping the surface of the titanium alloy smooth; a ProCutter laser cutting gun is adopted to cut 3mm titanium alloy plates, and the process parameters are as follows: the cutting speed is 2-8 m/min; the laser power is 3-4 kW; the gas pressure is 1.5-2.5 MPa; the defocusing amount is-3-0 mm; the working distance is 0.6-1.0 mm; the diameter of the cutting nozzle is 1.5-2.5 mm; the cutting gas was argon. The method of the invention is used for cutting titanium alloy, and the cutting process window with no slag adhering to the back of the cutting seam, good cutting quality and the best cutting process parameter are obtained by changing each process parameter, and the stability and the repeatability of the process are ensured.

Description

Method for laser cutting of 3mm titanium alloy

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for cutting a 3mm titanium alloy by laser, in particular to a method for cutting a 3mm titanium alloy plate by laser and argon.

Background

The TC4 titanium alloy is a dual-phase alloy, has good comprehensive performance, good structural stability, good toughness, plasticity and high-temperature deformation performance, can be better subjected to hot-press processing, and can be quenched and aged to strengthen the alloy. The strength after heat treatment is improved by 50 to 100 percent compared with the annealing state; high-temperature strength, can work for a long time at the temperature of 400-500 ℃, and has thermal stability inferior to that of alpha titanium alloy.

The titanium alloy has high strength, low density, good mechanical performance, good toughness and corrosion resistance. In addition, titanium alloys have poor processing properties and are difficult to cut, and they are very likely to absorb impurities such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and the like during hot working. Titanium alloy is a new important structural material used in the aerospace industry, has specific gravity, strength and use temperature between those of aluminum and steel, but has higher strength than aluminum and steel, and has excellent seawater corrosion resistance and ultralow temperature performance. In 1950, the F-84 fighting bomber is used as a non-bearing component such as a rear fuselage heat insulation board, an air guide cover, a tail cover and the like for the first time in the United states. In the 60 s, the use part of the titanium alloy is moved from the rear fuselage to the middle fuselage, and the titanium alloy partially replaces structural steel to manufacture important bearing members such as bulkheads, beams, flap sliding rails and the like. The amount of titanium alloy used in military aircraft is rapidly increasing to 20-25% of the aircraft structural weight. In the 70 s, civil aircraft began to use a large amount of titanium alloy, for example, the titanium content of Boeing 747 passenger aircraft was more than 3640 kg. Aircraft titanium with mach numbers greater than 2.5 is primarily used in place of steel to reduce structural weight. For another example, the American SR-71 high altitude high speed scout (flight Mach number 3, flight height 26212 meters) is called an "all titanium" aircraft, with titanium accounting for 93% of the weight of the aircraft structure. When the thrust-weight ratio of the aircraft engine is increased from 4-6 to 8-10, and the temperature of the outlet of the compressor is correspondingly increased from 200-300 ℃ to 500-600 ℃, the original low-pressure compressor disk and blades made of aluminum must be made of titanium alloy instead of or instead of stainless steel, so as to reduce the structural weight. In the 70 s, the usage amount of the titanium alloy in the aero-engine generally accounts for 20% -30% of the total weight of the structure, and the titanium alloy is mainly used for manufacturing parts of the compressor, such as forged titanium fans, compressor disks and blades, cast titanium compressor casings, intermediate casings, bearing shells and the like. Spacecraft mainly utilizes the high specific strength, corrosion resistance and low temperature resistance of titanium alloys to manufacture various pressure vessels, fuel tanks, fasteners, instrument straps, frames and rocket casings. Artificial earth satellites, moon-boarding cabins, manned spacecraft, and space shuttles also use titanium alloy sheet welds.

The titanium alloy is particularly difficult to cut when the hardness is higher than HB350, and is also difficult to cut when the hardness is lower than HB 300. However, the hardness of the titanium alloy is only one aspect of difficult cutting, and the key is the influence of the combination of the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of the titanium alloy on the cutting processability. The titanium alloy has the following cutting characteristics: small deformation coefficient, high cutting temperature, large cutting force per unit area, severe cold hardening phenomenon and easy abrasion of cutters. Based on the reasons, other cutting methods are adopted to obtain high-quality cutting seams, so that the cutting method has important significance and practical value, and an optimal cutting process window is not available for the titanium alloy with the plate thickness.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for cutting a 3mm titanium alloy by laser, which takes TC4 titanium alloy as a research object and obtains a high-quality cut seam by using a laser cutting method.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of laser cutting a 3mm titanium alloy, the method comprising:

(1) removing oil stains and dust on the surface of the titanium alloy, and keeping the surface of the titanium alloy smooth;

(2) a ProCutter laser cutting gun is adopted to cut 3mm titanium alloy plates, and the process parameters are as follows: the cutting speed is 2-8 m/min; the laser power is 3-4 kW; the gas pressure is 1.5-2.5 MPa; the defocusing amount is-3-0 mm; the working distance is 0.6-1.0 mm; the diameter of the cutting nozzle is 1.5-2.5 mm; the cutting gas was argon.

In the aforesaid, adopt the supplementary cutting of manipulator among the cutting process, predetermine the route of walking, guarantee that gas pressure can not be too high among the cutting process, prevent that the cutting head from touchhing the barrier, keeping away from combustible substance.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) the cutting seam is smooth and flat, no slag is attached, and the cutting seam quality is very good.

(2) The cutting nozzle has long service life, the maintenance period of the cutting gun is prolonged, and the cost is saved.

(3) The cutting speed is high, the production efficiency is improved, and the delivery according to the schedule is ensured.

(4) The method for laser cutting of the 3mm titanium alloy has relatively low cost and relatively easy process realization, and further plays a reference role in cutting other titanium alloy plates with different thicknesses.

Detailed Description

Example (b):

purchase 3mm titanium alloy panel, greasy dirt and dust are got rid of on the surface, and the panel location debugs the relevant equipment of laser instrument, and whether the inspection cutting head lens need be changed, cuts and chews whether damage, adjusts out of focus volume, sets up the manipulator parameter, prepares argon gas, and the cutting process parameter is: the cutting speed is 4 m/min; the laser power is 3.5 kW; the gas pressure is 2.0 MPa; the defocusing amount is-3 mm; the working distance is 0.8 mm; the diameter of the cutting nozzle is 2.0 mm; the cutting gas was argon. The cutting head is prevented from touching the barrier in the cutting process, and the flammable objects are far away in the cutting process, so that the equipment and personal safety are ensured.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (2)

1. A method of laser cutting a 3mm titanium alloy, the method comprising:

(1) removing oil stains and dust on the surface of the titanium alloy, and keeping the surface of the titanium alloy smooth;

(2) a ProCutter laser cutting gun is adopted to cut 3mm titanium alloy plates, and the process parameters are as follows: the cutting speed is 2-8 m/min; the laser power is 3-4 kW; the gas pressure is 1.5-2.5 MPa; the defocusing amount is-3-0 mm; the working distance is 0.6-1.0 mm; the diameter of the cutting nozzle is 1.5-2.5 mm; the cutting gas was argon.

2. The method for laser cutting of 3mm titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the cutting process is assisted by a manipulator, and a walking path is preset.