CN113210646A - Fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining and machining process thereof - Google Patents
Fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining and machining process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113210646A CN113210646A CN202110610904.6A CN202110610904A CN113210646A CN 113210646 A CN113210646 A CN 113210646A CN 202110610904 A CN202110610904 A CN 202110610904A CN 113210646 A CN113210646 A CN 113210646A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
- B23B27/1685—Adjustable position of the cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
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Abstract
The invention provides a fine adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining, which comprises a cutter holder, a boring head body and a fine adjustment assembly, wherein the top of the boring head body is provided with a mounting slide rail, and the mounting slide rail is provided with a screw hole; the tool apron comprises a seat body and a tool bit, wherein a sliding groove is formed in the bottom of the seat body, a fastening platform is arranged above the seat body, and a strip-shaped through hole is formed in the fastening platform; the side of pedestal still seted up threaded hole, the screw hole link up to in the bar through-hole, fine setting subassembly includes fastening screw and adjusting screw, fastening screw sticiss the slip of fastening platform restriction blade holder when screwing, adjusting screw is used for adjusting the reciprocating sliding of blade holder, realize the fine setting structure of blade holder through setting up single adjusting screw, and adopt M2 0.25 tooth to be 0.005mm in order to reach the minimum scale, the scope span of rough machining is 9.8mm ~21.2mm simultaneously, sufficient range of processing has been guaranteed, and carry out five-axis machining to the blade, it is enough strong cutting edge strength and reasonable control cutting flow direction in order to guarantee to process out the sword inclination and the side relief angle of angle between 5~ 45.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining and a machining process thereof.
Background
In the technical field of numerical control machine tool machining, a boring cutter is a key part for machining and is a boring cutter; the existing boring cutter is usually a fixed integrated boring cutter, and the cutter is single and cannot adjust the range of boring size; the depth of the boring hole is not controllable, so that the application range is limited greatly. With the continuous development of machining technology, the numerical control machine tool is more and more widely used in machining, the shapes and the structures of mechanical parts are more and more complex, and the required precision is higher and higher.
In the prior art, the requirement on the adjustment precision of a rough boring head is not high, the lowest precision which can be realized by fine adjustment is only 1.0mm, meanwhile, the processing range span of a processed hole is small, and people are rarely stepped in the field of boring cutter processing below 16 mm; meanwhile, the existing rough boring head has a complex structure, so that the production cost of the boring head is high, and the complex structure brings complex fine adjustment operation, so that a new rough boring head is urgently needed to solve the defects and shortcomings in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the technology, the invention provides a fine-tuning rough boring cutter for rough machining and a machining process thereof, wherein a fine-tuning structure of a cutter seat is realized by arranging a single adjusting screw, M2 x 0.25 teeth are adopted to achieve the minimum scale of 0.005mm, meanwhile, the span of the rough machining range is 9.8 mm-21.2 mm, so that the sufficient machining range is ensured, the cutter blade is subjected to five-axis machining, and the cutter blade inclination angle and the side relief angle with the angle of 5-45 degrees are machined to ensure the strong cutting edge strength and reasonably control the cutting flow direction.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fine tuning rough boring tool for rough machining, which comprises a tool apron, a boring head body and a fine tuning assembly,
the top of the boring head body is provided with a mounting slide rail, and the mounting slide rail is provided with a screw hole;
the tool apron comprises a seat body and a tool bit which extend integrally, the tool bit is provided with a mounting hole, the blade is mounted on the tool bit and is screwed and fixed through a screw, the bottom of the seat body is provided with a sliding groove which is matched with the mounting sliding rail, a fastening platform is arranged above the seat body, which is over against the sliding groove, and the fastening platform is provided with a strip-shaped through hole which penetrates through the sliding groove; the side surface of the base body is also provided with a threaded hole which is communicated into the strip-shaped through hole, wherein the blade inclination angle and the side relief angle of the blade are between 5 degrees and 45 degrees;
the fine adjustment assembly comprises a fastening screw and an adjusting screw, the fastening screw penetrates through the strip-shaped through hole and is connected to the screw hole, the fastening platform is tightly pressed when the fastening screw is screwed, the sliding of the tool apron is limited, the adjusting screw is connected to the threaded hole and is used for adjusting the reciprocating sliding of the tool apron, and the adjusting screw is connected in a threaded M2X 0.125-0.25 tooth mode.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the edge rake angle of the blade is specifically 9 °, and the side relief angle is specifically 15 °.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the boring head body is provided with a scale plane parallel to the mounting slide rail, a plurality of scales are uniformly divided on the scale plane along the sliding direction of the tool apron, and reference scale marks are carved on the edge of the base body close to the scale plane.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the reference scale mark slides 1 scale to control the cutter holder to move 0.005mm of distance along the length direction of the installation slide rail, and the adjusting nut rotates one circle to control the cutter holder to move 0.25mm of distance along the length direction of the installation slide rail.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the aperture processing range of the fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining is 9.8 mm-21.2 mm, wherein the fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining with only a single cutter holder is adopted in the processing range of 9.8 mm-12.2 mm, and the fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining with a bidirectional cutter head with two cutter holders is adopted in the processing range of 11.8 mm-21.2 mm.
A processing technology of a fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining is used for processing the fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining, and comprises the following steps:
roughly machining a stainless steel raw material into a required cutter body rod and other parts, wherein the other parts comprise a cutter holder, a blade, a fastening screw and an adjusting screw;
carrying out heat treatment on the cutter body rod and other parts;
tin bronze is embedded on the surfaces of the cutter body bar and other parts after heat treatment, and the cutter body bar and the surfaces of other parts are sent to an inner and outer circle grinding step for grinding;
after polishing, the cutter body rod and other parts are sent to a finish turning end of a lathe for finish machining, wherein the cutter body rod is finished into a boring head body;
the boring head body and other parts after finish machining are sent to a middle wire moving machine tool for middle wire moving machining, and the required shape is cut; wherein, the blades of other parts are sent to a numerical control machine tool for five-axis machining, and the blade inclination angle and the side relief angle with the angle of 5-45 degrees are machined;
after machining, carrying out CNC machining on the boring head body and other parts, and then carrying out secondary internal and external circular grinding on the boring head body;
after the secondary internal and external circular grinding is finished, the boring head body and other parts are sent to a precise numerical control lathe for tooth matching; wherein the adjusting screw in other parts is provided with M2 x 0.125-0.25 teeth;
and assembling the machined boring head body and other parts into a rough boring cutter.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: and in the step of conveying the blade to a numerical control machine tool for five-axis machining, machining an edge inclination angle and a side relief angle with an angle of 5-45 degrees, wherein the edge inclination angle of the machined blade is specifically 9 degrees, and the side relief angle of the machined blade is specifically 15 degrees.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of machining a scale plane on the boring head body, uniformly dividing the scale plane into a plurality of scales along the sliding direction of the tool apron, and carving reference scale marks on the edge of the tool apron close to the scale plane.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: and after the secondary internal and external circular grinding is finished, conveying the boring head body and other parts to a precision numerical control lathe for tooth matching, wherein the tooth matching of the adjusting screw in the other parts is M2 x 0.25.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the machined fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining comprises rough boring cutters of 4 specifications, which are respectively as follows: the fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with only a single cutter holder and with the machining range of 9.8-12.2 mm, the first fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with a bidirectional cutter head with two cutter holders and with the machining range of 11.8-14.2 mm, the second fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with the bidirectional cutter head with the two cutter holders and with the machining range of 13.8-16.2 mm, and the third fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with the bidirectional cutter head with the two cutter holders and with the machining range of 15.8-21.2 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining comprises a cutter holder, a boring head body and a fine-adjustment assembly, wherein the top of the boring head body is provided with an installation slide rail, and the installation slide rail is provided with a screw hole; the tool apron comprises a seat body and a tool bit which extend integrally, the tool bit is provided with a mounting hole, the blade is mounted on the tool bit and is screwed and fixed through a screw, the bottom of the seat body is provided with a chute matched with the mounting slide rail, a fastening platform is arranged above the seat body opposite to the chute, and the fastening platform is provided with a strip-shaped through hole which penetrates through the chute; the side of pedestal still seted up threaded hole, the screw hole link up to in the bar through-hole, fine setting subassembly includes fastening screw and adjusting screw, fastening screw runs through the bar through-hole and is connected to the screw hole, sticis the slip of fastening platform and restriction blade holder when screwing, adjusting screw connects the reciprocal slip that is used for adjusting the blade holder in the screw hole, through setting up the fine setting structure that single adjusting screw realized the blade holder, and adopt M2 0.25 tooth to be 0.25mm in order to reach the minimum scale, the scope span of rough machining is 9.8mm ~21.2mm simultaneously, sufficient range of processing has been guaranteed, and five axles are processed to the blade, it is enough strong cutting edge intensity and the reasonable control cutting flow direction of assurance to process out the angle between 5~ 45 sword inclination and vice relief angle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a fine-tuned rough boring tool for roughing with a bi-directional tool bit having two tool holders according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of a micro-adjustable rough boring tool for roughing with a bi-directional tool bit having two tool holders in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a micro-adjusting rough boring tool for roughing with a bi-directional tool bit having two tool holders according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a fine-tuned rough boring tool for roughing with a single tool holder according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of a micro-adjustable rough boring tool for roughing with a single tool holder of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of two embodiments of the present invention of a bi-directional tool head for roughing with two tool holders;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of two embodiments of a fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining with only a single tool apron according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the process of the present invention.
The main element symbols are as follows:
1. a boring head body; 11. installing a slide rail; 12. screw holes; 2. a tool apron; 21. a cutter head; 22. a base body; 23. a strip-shaped through hole; 24. fastening the platform; 25. mounting holes; 26. a threaded hole; 27. a chute; 3. a blade; 4. a coolant channel.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The existing rough boring head has a complex structure, so that the production cost of the boring head is high, and the complex structure brings complex fine adjustment operation, so a new rough boring head is urgently needed to solve the defects and shortcomings in the prior art
In order to solve the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention specifically provides a fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining, which comprises a tool apron 2, a boring head body 1 and a fine-tuning assembly, with reference to fig. 1-5,
the top of the boring head body 1 is provided with a mounting slide rail 11, and the mounting slide rail 11 is provided with a screw hole 12;
the tool apron 2 comprises a seat body 22 and a tool bit 21 which extend integrally, the tool bit 21 is provided with a mounting hole 25, the blade 3 is mounted on the tool bit 21 and is screwed and fixed through a screw, the bottom of the seat body 22 is provided with a sliding groove 27 which is matched with the mounting sliding rail 11, a fastening platform 24 is arranged above the seat body 22 opposite to the sliding groove 27, and the fastening platform 24 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole 23 which penetrates through the sliding groove 27; the side surface of the base body 22 is also provided with a threaded hole 26, the threaded hole 26 penetrates into the strip-shaped through hole 23, and the blade inclination angle and the side relief angle of the blade 3 are 5-45 degrees; the mounting slide rail 11 is matched with the slide groove 27 to realize that the tool apron 2 reciprocates on the mounting slide rail 11 to adjust the size of the cutting aperture of the rough boring head, the blade 3 is mounted on the tool apron 2, and the cutting edge protrudes out of the tool apron 22 and cuts outwards; the threaded hole 26 is arranged on the mounting guide rail and used for fastening and locking the tool apron 2 through the screw hole 12 when the tool apron slides to any position, so that the tool apron is prevented from slipping off during machining; the processing range of the blade inclination angle and the side relief angle is selected to be 5-45 degrees, and the side relief angle has the effect of reducing the friction between the rear cutter face of the cutter or the side rear cutter face and the workpiece; the excessive clearance angle can weaken the strength of the cutting edge and deteriorate the heat dissipation condition, so that the service life of the cutter is reduced; therefore, the effect can be effectively ensured by selecting the processing range; wherein the blade inclination angle can control the flow direction of the chips; during intermittent cutting, the proper edge inclination angle can enable the cutting edge to gradually cut into and cut out a workpiece, so that impact is relieved, and the cutting is stable; the negative edge inclination angle can improve the impact resistance of the alloy tool tip, but the radial cutting force is obviously increased due to the excessively large negative edge inclination angle; therefore, the reasonable edge inclination angle is very important to select, and the angle is 5-45 degrees, mainly in order to enable chips to flow to the surface to be machined so as to avoid scratching the surface to be machined.
The fine adjustment assembly comprises a fastening screw and an adjusting screw, the fastening screw penetrates through the strip-shaped through hole 23 and is connected to the screw hole 12, the fastening screw presses the fastening platform 24 and limits the sliding of the tool apron 2 when being screwed tightly, the adjusting screw is connected into the threaded hole 26 and is used for adjusting the reciprocating sliding of the tool apron 2, and the adjusting screw is connected in a thread M2 x 0.125-0.25 tooth mode; the fastening screw is used for moving in the screw hole 12, so that the head of the fastening screw and the fastening platform 24 are mutually abutted and screwed, and the production accident caused by the sliding of the tool apron 2 during processing is avoided; the adjusting screw is used for finely adjusting the position of the tool apron 2 on the boring head body 1 when the fastening screw is unlocked, and the adjusting screw is connected in a thread M2X 0.125-0.25 tooth mode, so that the fine adjustment precision of 0.01-0.005 mm can be achieved when the adjusting screw is enough in precision.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1-5, the other end of the boring head body 1 away from the tool holder 2 is connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod is internally provided with a cooling liquid channel 4, and the boring head body 1 is also internally provided with a cooling liquid channel 4 for spraying cooling liquid during machining.
In a preferred embodiment, mention is made of: referring to fig. 1-5, an anti-seismic rod is detachably connected to a general boring head body 1 in an axial direction, a connecting rod extends from the boring head body 1 to the anti-seismic rod, and the connecting rod is sleeved in the anti-seismic rod through threads; wherein the anti-vibration rod is connected with the cutter body by a screw thread M8 x 1.5 mode.
In the present embodiment, mention is made of: referring to fig. 1-5, the edge inclination angle of the blade 3 is specifically 9 °, the side relief angle is specifically 15 °, and the edge inclination angle of 9 ° is selected, which mainly ensures to increase sharpness, facilitates realization of micro-cutting, and simultaneously controls the flow direction of chips; during intermittent cutting, the 9-degree edge inclination angle can enable the cutting edge to gradually cut into and cut out a workpiece, impact is relieved, and cutting is stable; the side relief angle of 15 degrees is selected, the side relief angle of 15 degrees is smaller, the rough boring head is mainly used for rough machining, the rough machining is thick in cutting, heavy in load is carried out, the front cutter face and the rear cutter face are worn, the side relief angle of 15 degrees is adopted, the cutting edge can be guaranteed to be easy to cut into a workpiece, the cutting edge strength is guaranteed, the heat dissipation condition is optimized, and the service life of the cutter is guaranteed.
In the present embodiment, mention is made of: referring to fig. 1-5, the boring head body 1 is provided with a scale plane parallel to the mounting slide rail 11, the scale plane is evenly divided into a plurality of scales along the sliding direction of the tool apron 2, and the edge of the seat body 22 close to the scale plane is marked with a reference scale mark; the reference scale mark is used for aligning to the scale value of the scale plane so as to obtain the adjusted distance; the reference scale mark slides 1 scale control blade holder 2 and moves 0.005 mm's distance along the length direction of installation slide rail 11, and adjusting nut rotates round control blade holder 2 and moves 0.25 mm's distance along the length direction of installation slide rail 11, and is accurate to be 0.005mm with the adjustment volume of minimum scale, can effectual improvement tool bit 21 processing precision man-hour.
In a preferred embodiment, mention is made of: referring to fig. 1-7, the aperture processing range of the fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining is 9.8 mm-21.2 mm, wherein the processing range of 9.8 mm-12.2 mm adopts the fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining with only a single tool apron 2, and the processing range of 11.8 mm-21.2 mm adopts the fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining with a bidirectional tool bit 21 having two tool apron 2; the processing span of the fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining is from 9.8 mm-21.2 mm, but different processing boring heads are adopted between different processing intervals to ensure the processing precision, wherein the aperture between the processing intervals of 9.8 mm-12.2 mm is too small, the fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining, which is provided with two tool apron 2, cannot ensure the processing precision, and meanwhile, the tapping processing step cannot be completed, so that the fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining, which is only provided with a single tool apron 2, can complete the processing and ensure the processing precision of small holes.
The working principle and the using method of the invention are described in the following with the accompanying drawings:
for example, when a hole with the aperture of 21.2 needs to be machined, when the fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining is not used, the fastening screw is in a locking state, when the boring head needs to be used, firstly, the fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with only a single cutter holder 2 and the machining range of 9.8 mm-12.2 mm is selected in the hole drilling step, the fastening screw is loosened, the cutter holder 2 is adjusted to the required corresponding position scale through the adjusting screw, then, the fastening screw is locked and fixed again, the rough boring cutter is installed at the corresponding position of the machine tool for cutting, after the hole is machined, the first fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with the bidirectional cutter head 21 with two cutter holders 2 and the machining range of 11.8 mm-14.2 mm is replaced, the steps are repeated, the two cutter holders 2 are adjusted to the required same scale position and fastened, and the cutter is placed in and the machined hole is machined continuously, and after the hole is machined, replacing the second fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining with the bidirectional cutter head 21 with the two cutter seats 2 and with the machining range of 13.8-16.2 mm, replacing the third fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining with the bidirectional cutter head 21 with the two cutter seats 2 and with the machining range of 15.8-21.2 mm after the third hole is machined, and finishing final machining, so that the rough machining process with the maximum machining hole diameter of 21.2 is finished.
The invention also provides a processing technology of the fine-tuning rough boring cutter for rough machining, which is used for processing the fine-tuning rough boring cutter for rough machining, and please refer to fig. 8, and the processing technology comprises the following steps:
roughly machining a stainless steel raw material into a required cutter body rod and other parts, wherein the other parts comprise a cutter holder 2, a blade 3, a fastening screw and an adjusting screw;
carrying out heat treatment on the cutter body rod and other parts;
tin bronze is embedded on the surfaces of the cutter body bar and other parts after heat treatment, and the cutter body bar and the surfaces of other parts are sent to an inner and outer circle grinding step for grinding;
after polishing, the cutter body rod and other parts are sent to a finish turning end of a lathe for finish machining, wherein the cutter body rod is finished into a boring head body 1;
the boring head body 1 and other parts after finish machining are sent to a middle wire moving machine tool for middle wire moving machining, and the required shape is cut; wherein, the blades 3 in other parts are sent to a numerical control machine tool for five-axis machining, and the blade inclination angle and the side relief angle with the angle of 5-45 degrees are machined;
after machining, carrying out CNC machining on the boring head body 1 and other parts, and then carrying out secondary coreless grinding on the boring head body 1;
after the secondary internal and external circular grinding is finished, the boring head body 1 and other parts are sent to a precise numerical control lathe for tooth matching; wherein, the adjusting screw in other parts is provided with M2 x 0.125-0.25 teeth.
And assembling the machined boring head body 1 and other parts into a rough boring cutter.
Designing 4 types of rough boring cutter drawings with different aperture processing specifications according to the required processing precision requirement before the processing technology is carried out, wherein the 4 types of rough boring cutters with different specifications realize the aperture processing of 9.8 mm-21.2 mm, and the processing technology carries out processing according to the precision requirement of the rough boring cutters with different processing specifications; the two coreless grinding steps are used for improving the machining precision of the workpiece; the tin bronze is bronze taking tin as a main alloy element, the tin content is generally 3-14%, the tin bronze is mainly used for manufacturing elastic elements and wear-resistant parts, the tin content of the deformed tin bronze is not more than 8%, and elements such as phosphorus, lead, zinc and the like are sometimes added; phosphorus is a good deoxidizer, and can also improve the fluidity and the wear resistance, lead can improve the machinability and the wear resistance in tin bronze, zinc can improve the casting performance, the alloy has higher mechanical property, antifriction performance and corrosion resistance, the alloy is easy to cut and process, the brazing and welding performance is good, the coefficient of contraction is small, the alloy is nonmagnetic, and coatings such as bronze bushings, shaft sleeves, antimagnetic elements and the like can be prepared by wire flame spraying and electric arc spraying; the tin-inlaid bronze can ensure long service life, and has good cost performance and high oxidation and corrosion resistance.
In the present embodiment, mention is made of: in the step of conveying the blade 3 to a numerical control machine tool for five-axis machining, and machining an edge inclination angle and a side relief angle with an angle of 5-45 degrees, wherein the edge inclination angle of the machined blade 3 is specifically 9 degrees, and the side relief angle of the machined blade 3 is specifically 15 degrees; five-Axis Machining (5 Axis Machining), a mode of numerically controlled machine Machining; according to ISO regulations, when describing the movement of the numerical control machine tool, adopting a right-hand rectangular coordinate system; wherein the coordinate axis parallel to the principal axis is defined as the z-axis and the rotational coordinates around the x, y, z-axes are A, B, C, respectively. The movement of each coordinate axis can be realized by the worktable and the movement of the cutter, but the directions are all defined by the movement direction of the cutter relative to the workpiece. Generally, five-axis linkage refers to linear interpolation motion of any 5 coordinates in x, y, z, A, B and C; in other words, five axes means three axes of movement x, y, z plus any two axes of rotation. Compared with common three-axis (three degrees of freedom x, y and z) machining, five-axis machining refers to the fact that when parts with complex geometric shapes are machined, a machining cutter needs to be positioned and connected on five degrees of freedom; therefore, when the blade 3 is machined, the blade 3 can be machined according to the effect and the structure which are required to be achieved by the invention by adopting 5-axis machining, so that the blade 3 structure with the edge inclination angle of 9 degrees and the side relief angle of 15 degrees is machined; the blade inclination angle of 9 degrees is selected, so that the sharpness can be increased, trace cutting can be realized conveniently, and the flow direction of cutting scraps can be controlled; during intermittent cutting, the 9-degree edge inclination angle can enable the cutting edge to gradually cut into and cut out a workpiece, impact is relieved, and cutting is stable; the side relief angle of 15 degrees is selected, the side relief angle of 15 degrees is smaller, the rough boring head is mainly used for rough machining, the rough machining is thick in cutting, heavy in load is carried out, the front cutter face and the rear cutter face are worn, the side relief angle of 15 degrees is adopted, the cutting edge can be guaranteed to be easy to cut into a workpiece, the cutting edge strength is guaranteed, the heat dissipation condition is optimized, and the service life of the cutter is guaranteed.
In the present embodiment, mention is made of: after the boring head body 1 and other parts are subjected to CNC machining, the boring head body 1 is subjected to second coreless grinding, and then a step is included, wherein a scale plane is machined on the boring head body 1, the scale plane is uniformly divided into a plurality of scales along the sliding direction of the tool apron 2, and reference scale marks are carved on the edge, close to the scale plane, of the tool apron 2; the reference scale mark that processes slides 1 scale control blade holder 2 and removes 0.005 mm's distance along the length direction of installation slide rail 11, and adjusting nut rotates the distance that the round control blade holder 2 removed 0.25mm along the length direction of installation slide rail 11, and is accurate to the adjustment volume of minimum scale for 0.005mm, can effectual improvement tool bit 21 processing precision man-hour.
In a preferred embodiment, mention is made of: after the secondary internal and external circular grinding is finished, the boring head body 1 and other parts are sent to a precision numerical control lathe for tooth matching, wherein the tooth matching of an adjusting screw in the other parts is M2 x 0.25; m2 x 0.25 teeth can ensure that the tool apron 2 moves a distance of 0.25mm along the length direction of the mounting slide rail 11 when the adjusting nut rotates for one circle.
In a preferred embodiment, mention is made of: the machined fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining comprises rough boring cutters of 4 specifications, which are respectively as follows: machining a fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with only a single cutter holder 2 in a range of 9.8-12.2 mm, a first fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with a bidirectional cutter head 21 having two cutter holders 2 in a range of 11.8-14.2 mm, a second fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with a bidirectional cutter head 21 having two cutter holders 2 in a range of 13.8-16.2 mm, and a third fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with a bidirectional cutter head 21 having two cutter holders 2 in a range of 15.8-21.2 mm; the processing span of the fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining is from 9.8 mm-21.2 mm, but different processing boring heads are adopted between different processing intervals to ensure the processing precision, wherein the aperture between the processing intervals of 9.8 mm-12.2 mm is too small, the fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining, which is provided with two tool apron 2, cannot ensure the processing precision, and meanwhile, the tapping processing step cannot be completed, so that the fine-tuning rough boring tool for rough machining, which is only provided with a single tool apron 2, can complete the processing and ensure the processing precision of small holes.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. realize the fine setting structure of blade holder through setting up single adjusting screw to adopt M2 0.25 tooth to be 0.005mm in order to reach the minimum scale, the scope span of rough machining is 9.8mm ~21.2mm simultaneously, has guaranteed sufficient range of processing.
2. The blade is subjected to five-axis machining, and a blade inclination angle and a side relief angle with an angle of 5-45 degrees are machined so as to ensure strong enough cutting edge strength and reasonably control the cutting flow direction.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining comprises a cutter holder, a boring head body and a fine-adjustment component, and is characterized in that,
the top of the boring head body is provided with a mounting slide rail, and the mounting slide rail is provided with a screw hole;
the tool apron comprises a seat body and a tool bit which extend integrally, the tool bit is provided with a mounting hole, the blade is mounted on the tool bit and is screwed and fixed through a screw, the bottom of the seat body is provided with a chute which is matched with the mounting slide rail, a fastening platform is arranged above the seat body, which is over against the chute, and the fastening platform is provided with a strip-shaped through hole which penetrates through the chute; the side surface of the base body is also provided with a threaded hole which is communicated into the strip-shaped through hole, wherein the blade inclination angle and the side relief angle of the blade are between 5 degrees and 45 degrees;
the fine adjustment assembly comprises a fastening screw and an adjusting screw, the fastening screw penetrates through the strip-shaped through hole and is connected to the screw hole, the fastening platform is tightly pressed when the fastening screw is screwed, the sliding of the tool apron is limited, the adjusting screw is connected to the threaded hole and is used for adjusting the reciprocating sliding of the tool apron, and the adjusting screw is connected in a threaded M2X 0.125-0.25 tooth mode.
2. A tool for roughing according to claim 1 wherein the edge rake angle of the insert is in particular 9 ° and the side relief angle is in particular 15 °.
3. The fine tuning rough boring tool for rough machining according to claim 1, wherein the boring head body is provided with a scale plane parallel to the mounting slide rail, the scale plane is evenly divided into a plurality of scales along the sliding direction of the tool apron, and the edge of the seat body close to the scale plane is engraved with reference scale lines.
4. The fine tuning rough boring tool for rough machining according to claim 3, wherein the reference scale line slides by 1 scale to control the tool apron to move by 0.01mm in the length direction of the mounting slide rail, and the adjusting nut rotates by one circle to control the tool apron to move by 0.25mm in the length direction of the mounting slide rail.
5. The fine tuning rough boring tool for rough machining according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the fine tuning rough boring tool for rough machining is in a range of 9.8mm to 21.2mm, wherein the machining range of 9.8mm to 12.2mm is the fine tuning rough boring tool for rough machining with only a single tool apron, and the machining range of 11.8mm to 21.2mm is the fine tuning rough boring tool for rough machining with a bidirectional tool bit having two tool apron.
6. A process for machining a fine-tuned rough boring cutter for rough machining, which is used for machining the fine-tuned rough boring cutter for rough machining according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
roughly machining a stainless steel raw material into a required cutter body rod and other parts, wherein the other parts comprise a cutter holder, a blade, a fastening screw and an adjusting screw;
carrying out heat treatment on the cutter body rod and other parts;
tin bronze is embedded on the surfaces of the cutter body bar and other parts after heat treatment, and the cutter body bar and the surfaces of other parts are sent to an inner and outer circle grinding step for grinding;
after polishing, the cutter body rod and other parts are sent to a finish turning end of a lathe for finish machining, wherein the cutter body rod is finished into a boring head body;
the boring head body and other parts after finish machining are sent to a middle wire moving machine tool for middle wire moving machining, and the required shape is cut; wherein, the blades of other parts are sent to a numerical control machine tool for five-axis machining, and the blade inclination angle and the side relief angle with the angle of 5-45 degrees are machined;
after machining, carrying out CNC machining on the boring head body and other parts, and then carrying out secondary internal and external circular grinding on the boring head body;
after the secondary internal and external circular grinding is finished, the boring head body and other parts are sent to a precise numerical control lathe for tooth matching; wherein the adjusting screw in other parts is provided with M2 x 0.125-0.25 teeth;
and assembling the machined boring head body and other parts into a rough boring cutter.
7. The machining process of the fine turning rough boring cutter for rough machining according to claim 6, wherein in the step of feeding the cutter blade to a numerical control machine for five-axis machining to machine the cutting edge inclination angle and the side relief angle with an angle of 5 ° to 45 °, the cutting edge inclination angle of the machined cutter blade is specifically 9 ° and the side relief angle of the machined cutter blade is specifically 15 °.
8. The machining process of the fine tuning rough boring cutter for rough machining according to claim 6, characterized in that after the machining, the boring head body and other parts are CNC machined, and then the boring head body is ground for the second inside and outside circles, and further comprising a step of machining a scale plane on the boring head body, dividing the scale plane into a plurality of scales uniformly along the sliding direction of the cutter holder, and cutting a reference scale line on the edge of the cutter holder close to the scale plane.
9. The machining process of the fine tuning rough boring cutter for rough machining according to claim 8, wherein the step of feeding the boring head body and other parts to a precision numerically controlled lathe for tooth matching after the secondary inside and outside circular grinding is completed, wherein the adjusting screw of the other parts is matched with 0.25 tooth at M2.
10. The machining process of the fine turning rough boring cutter for rough machining according to claim 9, wherein the fine turning rough boring cutter for rough machining comprises 4 types of rough boring cutters, which are respectively: the fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with only a single cutter holder and with the machining range of 9.8-12.2 mm, the first fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with a bidirectional cutter head with two cutter holders and with the machining range of 11.8-14.2 mm, the second fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with the bidirectional cutter head with the two cutter holders and with the machining range of 13.8-16.2 mm, and the third fine-adjustment rough boring cutter for rough machining with the bidirectional cutter head with the two cutter holders and with the machining range of 15.8-21.2 mm.
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| CN202110610904.6A CN113210646A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining and machining process thereof |
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| CN202110610904.6A CN113210646A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Fine-adjustment type rough boring cutter for rough machining and machining process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210806 |
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