CN113204825A - BIM technology-based vertical design method for urban garden landscape - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a BIM technology-based vertical design method for urban garden landscapes, which comprises the steps of establishing an original terrain curved surface model according to collected original field data by using Civil3D software, carrying out multi-round interactive vertical design on an original field, determining scheme planning design such as drainage partition and the like, comparing the original terrain curved surface model with a design curved surface model to obtain earthwork filling and excavating amount, and finally obtaining a design scheme approximately meeting requirements through multi-round adjustment according to the earthwork amount required by engineering. The method can be used for more intuitively mastering the terrain condition, particularly under the condition of more complex terrain, effectively utilizing the terrain of the existing terrain, accurately and efficiently calculating the earth volume, realizing reasonable layout arrangement of each functional partition and each building facility, reducing damage to the natural environment, saving materials and manufacturing cost, quickly realizing contrast optimization of various schemes and meeting the requirement of modern engineering construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of computer application and landscape planning and design, and particularly relates to a BIM technology-based vertical design method for urban landscape.
Background
The vertical design refers to the arrangement and processing in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane on a field, in landscape design, the vertical design of the field is the design of how to create height change and coordination unification on the elevation of each scenic spot, various facilities, landform and the like in the landscape, and in the landscape design of the urban garden, the vertical design is closely related to the integral planning and the general plane arrangement of the garden. When engineering construction is carried out, the influence of a vertical elevation relation is considered in addition to a plane layout relation which needs to meet planning and design requirements on the overall layout arrangement of large geographical range, complex geological conditions, various functional partitions, a road network and garden accessory facility positions thereof. Therefore, when planning a field, the requirements of the overall plane and the vertical use function are considered, and the rationality and the economy of the field construction and use can be ensured only by comprehensively considering various contradictions in the implementation process.
For the landscape architecture industry, when traditional vertical setup is performed, designers often analyze and design original sites in the brain based on two-dimensional contour topographic maps. When the place is great, the topography situation is more complicated, it is difficult to overall arrangement to rely on the manpower alone, easily appear topography design and surrounding environment uncoordinated, drainage is unobstructed, the earthwork fill out the volume of digging difference great, design cost improves and engineering efficiency reduces the problem.
The application of the BIM technology is an important innovation in the landscape and garden industry, and provides technical support for garden design development, design scheme formation and the whole process of concrete construction. From practical application, the BIM technology can be used for effectively controlling various problems possibly occurring in the design stage, and the development of the landscape and garden industry is promoted. At present, the construction amount of the infrastructure in China is large, the construction industry develops quickly, but the construction industry needs sustainable development, and construction enterprises face more severe competition. Under the background, the advantages of visualization, coordination, simulation, optimization and the like of the BIM technology are more and more highlighted, and how to efficiently carry out engineering construction by utilizing the BIM technology is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a BIM technology-based vertical design method for urban garden landscapes, which utilizes the BIM technology to quickly realize the contrast optimization of various schemes, carries out parameterization and multi-wheel interactive vertical design, accurately and efficiently calculates the earth volume, realizes the reasonable layout and arrangement of various functional partitions and various building facilities, and meets the requirements of modern engineering construction.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A vertical design method of urban garden landscape based on BIM technology comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting original field data including point cloud data, CAD electronic topographic map and remote sensing image;
s2: importing the original CAD electronic topographic map data acquired in the S1 into BIM modeling software Civil3D, and establishing a digital elevation model through an irregular triangulation network method; extracting relevant data in the CAD electronic topographic map, including contour lines, characteristic lines and elevation points, importing the data into a digital elevation model, and establishing an original topographic surface model;
performing rapid primary processing on the original site data acquired in the S1 by using a computer and Civil3D software to eliminate rough difference points;
s3: performing vertical analysis on the site according to the original terrain curved surface model established in the S2, and performing comparative analysis on a plurality of vertical schemes by using a dynamic curved surface legend provided by Civil3D, wherein the vertical analysis content comprises elevation analysis, slope analysis and basin analysis;
s4: determining a planning design scheme including a drainage partition scheme, a road vertical position and elevation, a planning design in the vertical position of a site and a part of buildings according to the vertical analysis result in the S3 and the specific requirements of the vertical design project, generating an earth volume summary table, and judging whether the earth volume meets the engineering requirements; if the vertical design meets the engineering requirements, the surface vertical design is initially finished, otherwise, a planning design scheme is determined again according to the vertical analysis result and the specific requirements of the vertical design engineering, and a balanced design scheme which initially meets the requirements is finally obtained through a multi-round interactive vertical design mode;
s5: according to the design scheme in S4, a design curved surface model is generated by Civil3D, the original terrain curved surface model is compared with the design curved surface model to obtain the earthwork filling and excavating quantity, and the concrete obtaining process of the earthwork filling and excavating quantity is as follows:
superposing an original topographic curved surface and a designed topographic curved surface on different layers of the same DWG file, determining two points of actual positions, and enabling coordinates of the two points in different layer models to be the same, wherein the coordinates of corresponding points of the generated models are overlapped;
by using the volume function of Civil3D software, an original terrain curved surface is designated as a reference curved surface, a designed terrain curved surface is designated as a contrast curved surface, and a triangulation network volume curved surface model is created; after setting loose coefficients and compaction coefficients, a total earth volume table can be directly generated;
after the two curved surfaces are superposed, a triangular net volume curved surface model is generated through the elevation difference between the two curved surfaces, the elevation change of the same point of the designed topographic curved surface and the original topographic curved surface before and after filling and excavating can be shown in the triangular net volume curved surface model, the filling and excavating volume, namely the earthwork filling and excavating amount, can be further calculated, and the triangular net volume curved surface is defined by the elevation difference of each corresponding point of the two curved surfaces;
s6: and determining whether the elevation, the gradient and the slope direction of the designed field need to be adjusted or not by the designer aiming at the obtained earthwork filling and digging amount and combining the field reality, and if so, recalculating the earthwork filling and digging amount, and continuously adjusting and optimizing until the engineering requirements are met.
Further, in the planning design scheme of S4, the site includes three types, which are a step type, a flat slope type, and a hybrid type.
Further, in the planning design scheme of S4, the vertical elevation of the field is higher than the elevation of the surrounding roads to prevent the field from being a depression, and the lowest elevation of the field should be determined in combination with the annual groundwater level condition.
Further, in the planning and design scheme of S4, filling is performed at a lower site topography to meet the minimum elevation requirement; and excavating the higher part of the field topography, and connecting the higher part with the surrounding topography to balance the filling and excavating amount.
Further, in the planning design scheme of S4, the vertical planning of the drainage sub-areas is based on the principle of safety and economy, and the drainage sub-areas of the organization site are dispersed and discharged into the water body or the rainwater pipeline nearby; the vertical planning design of the field reserves the channels for communicating the landscape water body with the artificial water tank and the artificial water tank with an external water system, so that the redundant rainwater can be discharged in time.
Further, in S5, after the triangulation network volumetric curved surface model is generated, it is necessary to check the elevation of the contour line, check whether there is a possible error that the contour line with the elevation of 0 and the contour line are not a multi-segment line, and then optimize the triangulation network volumetric curved surface model by adjusting the side length of the triangulation network, excluding the error value.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
by utilizing the vertical design method, designers can clearly know the whole planning before designing by means of the BIM technology, can quickly realize the contrast optimization of various schemes, can meet the production and life requirements, can achieve the aims of less earthwork engineering quantity, good ecological environment, improvement of engineering efficiency, cost saving and meeting the construction requirements of modern engineering; the reasonable layout arrangement of each functional partition and each building facility can be realized, the earthwork filling and digging are balanced as much as possible, the urban space is fully utilized, the construction cost is saved, and the design efficiency and the design precision are improved.
The invention can enable a designer to intuitively master the terrain condition by means of the BIM technology, really realizes effective utilization of the existing terrain topography, reduces the earth volume and damage to the natural environment, saves materials and saves the manufacturing cost especially under the condition of more complex terrain. The terrain model established by Civil3D is compatible with the traditional mainstream drawing software AutoCAD, so that the data can be updated and fed back in time while drawing modeling is carried out in the design process.
The invention utilizes BIM technology to carry out parameterization and multi-wheel interactive vertical design, can conveniently carry out contrast optimization of different schemes, accurately and quickly carry out earth volume calculation, and greatly improves the design efficiency and the design precision.
The invention utilizes BIM technology combined with the current situation characteristics of terrain, integrates various contradictions between planning and actual construction, and quickly realizes the contrast optimization of the scheme, thereby ensuring the effectiveness and the economical efficiency of work, saving the labor cost and greatly improving the efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the vertical design method of the urban garden landscape according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an original topographic surface model according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a vertical analysis operation interface according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an elevation analysis map according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an elevation analysis of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the interactive vertical design of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The invention relates to a BIM technology-based vertical design method of an urban garden landscape, which is shown in figure 1 and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting original site data: the designer can indirectly acquire the construction site data by using tools such as a GPS (global positioning system), a total station and the like, and can directly acquire the construction site data by using tools or technical data such as a remote sensing technology, an existing topographic map and the like; the construction site data comprises point cloud data, a CAD electronic topographic map, a remote sensing image and the like;
s2: importing the original CAD electronic topographic map data acquired in the S1 into BIM modeling software Civil3D, and establishing a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) by an irregular triangulation network (TIN) method; extracting relevant data such as contour lines, characteristic lines, elevation points and the like in the CAD electronic topographic map, importing the data into a digital elevation model, and establishing an original topographic surface model shown in the figure 2;
the original site data obtained in the S1 is rapidly and primarily processed by using a computer and Civil3D software, coarse difference points are eliminated, the precision of the original data is ensured, and the follow-up work is conveniently and efficiently and accurately carried out;
s3: performing vertical analysis on the site according to the original terrain curved surface model established in S2, as shown in fig. 3, adjusting the display mode, and setting different analysis parameters to quickly realize analysis on the terrain; the vertical analysis content comprises elevation analysis, gradient analysis, slope analysis and basin analysis, wherein the selection of specific precision, angle and the like is selected in combination with the actual engineering;
the dynamic surface legend provided by Civil3D is used to implement comparative analysis on multiple vertical schemes, in this embodiment, elevation analysis is preferably illustrated by taking elevation analysis as an example, an elevation analysis chart is shown in fig. 4, and an elevation analysis chart is shown in fig. 5, for example, gray scale contrast used in fig. 4 and fig. 5 is to distinguish different elevations, and is only to facilitate displaying of the technical scheme of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention;
s4: as shown in fig. 6, according to the vertical analysis result in S3 and the specific requirements of the vertical design project, planning and designing the aspects of the drainage partition scheme, the vertical position and elevation of the road, the vertical position of the site and some buildings, and the like are sequentially performed, so as to generate an earth volume summary table, and whether the earth volume meets the engineering requirements is judged; if the vertical design meets the engineering requirements, the surface vertical design is initially finished, otherwise, the contents of aspects such as a drainage partition scheme and the like are determined again according to the vertical analysis result and the specific requirements of the vertical design engineering; through multiple rounds of interactive vertical design modes as shown in fig. 6, a balanced and initially satisfactory planning design scheme is finally obtained;
s5: according to the design curved surface generated in S4, a design site model is generated by Civil3D, the original terrain curved surface model is compared with the design curved surface model to obtain the earthwork filling and excavating amount, and the concrete obtaining process of the earthwork filling and excavating amount is as follows:
superposing an original topographic curved surface and a designed topographic curved surface on different layers of the same DWG file, determining two points of actual positions, and enabling coordinates of the two points in different layer models to be the same, wherein the coordinates of corresponding points of the generated models are overlapped;
by using the volume function of Civil3D software, an original terrain curved surface is designated as a reference curved surface, a designed terrain curved surface is designated as a contrast curved surface, and a triangulation network volume curved surface model is created; after setting the loosening coefficient and the compacting coefficient, a total earth volume table can be directly generated, and in the embodiment, the loosening coefficient and the compacting coefficient are preferably set to be 1.0000;
after the two curved surfaces are superposed, a triangular net volume curved surface model is generated through the elevation difference between the two curved surfaces, the elevation change of the same point of the designed topographic curved surface and the original topographic curved surface before and after filling and excavating can be shown in the triangular net volume curved surface model, the filling and excavating volume, namely the earthwork filling and excavating amount, can be further calculated, and the triangular net volume curved surface is defined by the elevation difference of each corresponding point of the two curved surfaces;
in the process, after the triangulation network volume curved surface model is generated, the elevation of a contour line needs to be checked, whether errors possibly occurring when the contour line with the elevation of 0 and the contour line are not a multi-segment line exist is checked, and then the triangulation network volume curved surface model is optimized by adjusting the side length of the triangulation network, eliminating error values;
s6: and determining whether the elevation, the gradient and the slope direction of the designed field need to be adjusted or not by the designer aiming at the obtained earthwork filling and digging amount and combining the field reality, if so, recalculating the earthwork filling and digging amount, continuously adjusting and optimizing until the engineering requirements are met, and finishing the whole vertical design process.
In the process, the vertical planning of the drainage subareas is based on the principle of safety and economy, and the drainage subareas of the organization field are dispersed and discharged into the water body or the rainwater pipeline nearby; the vertical planning design of the field is to reserve channels for communicating the landscape water body with the artificial water tank and between the artificial water tank and an external water system so as to discharge redundant rainwater in time.
According to the method, elevation, gradient, slope direction and the like of the field are vertically analyzed through Civil3D software, and a suitable field form is planned according to an analysis result, wherein the field form specifically comprises three types, namely a step type, a flat slope type and a mixed type. The vertical elevation of the field is higher than the elevation of the surrounding roads so as to prevent the land from becoming a depression, and meanwhile, the lowest elevation of the field is determined by combining the perennial underground water level condition; filling treatment should be carried out at a lower site topography so as to meet the requirement of the lowest elevation; the place with higher topography is suitable for appropriate excavation treatment, and is convenient to be connected with the surrounding topography, and the general principle is to balance the filling and excavation directions as much as possible.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A vertical design method of an urban garden landscape based on a BIM technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting original field data including point cloud data, CAD electronic topographic map and remote sensing image;
s2: importing the original CAD electronic topographic map data acquired in the S1 into BIM modeling software Civil3D, and establishing a digital elevation model through an irregular triangulation network method; extracting relevant data in the CAD electronic topographic map, including contour lines, characteristic lines and elevation points, importing the data into a digital elevation model, and establishing an original topographic surface model;
performing rapid primary processing on the original site data acquired in the S1 by using a computer and Civil3D software to eliminate rough difference points;
s3: performing vertical analysis on the site according to the original terrain curved surface model established in the S2, and performing comparative analysis on a plurality of vertical schemes by using a dynamic curved surface legend provided by Civil3D, wherein the vertical analysis content comprises elevation analysis, slope analysis and basin analysis;
s4: determining a planning design scheme including a drainage partition scheme, a road vertical position and elevation, a planning design in the vertical position of a site and a part of buildings according to the vertical analysis result in the S3 and the specific requirements of the vertical design project, generating an earth volume summary table, and judging whether the earth volume meets the engineering requirements; if the vertical design meets the engineering requirements, the surface vertical design is initially finished, otherwise, a planning design scheme is determined again according to the vertical analysis result and the specific requirements of the vertical design engineering, and a balanced design scheme which initially meets the requirements is finally obtained through a multi-round interactive vertical design mode;
s5: according to the design scheme in S4, a design curved surface model is generated by Civil3D, the original terrain curved surface model is compared with the design curved surface model to obtain the earthwork filling and excavating quantity, and the concrete obtaining process of the earthwork filling and excavating quantity is as follows:
superposing an original topographic curved surface and a designed topographic curved surface on different layers of the same DWG file, determining two points of actual positions, and enabling coordinates of the two points in different layer models to be the same, wherein the coordinates of corresponding points of the generated models are overlapped;
by using the volume function of Civil3D software, an original terrain curved surface is designated as a reference curved surface, a designed terrain curved surface is designated as a contrast curved surface, and a triangulation network volume curved surface model is created; after setting loose coefficients and compaction coefficients, a total earth volume table can be directly generated;
after the two curved surfaces are superposed, a triangular net volume curved surface model is generated through the elevation difference between the two curved surfaces, the elevation change of the same point of the designed topographic curved surface and the original topographic curved surface before and after filling and excavating can be shown in the triangular net volume curved surface model, the filling and excavating volume, namely the earthwork filling and excavating amount, can be further calculated, and the triangular net volume curved surface is defined by the elevation difference of each corresponding point of the two curved surfaces;
s6: and determining whether the elevation, the gradient and the slope direction of the designed field need to be adjusted or not by the designer aiming at the obtained earthwork filling and digging amount and combining the field reality, and if so, recalculating the earthwork filling and digging amount, and continuously adjusting and optimizing until the engineering requirements are met.
2. The BIM technology-based vertical design method for urban garden landscapes according to claim 1, wherein in the planning and design scheme of S4, the site form comprises three forms, namely a step type, a flat slope type and a mixed type.
3. The BIM technology-based vertical design method for urban landscaping according to claim 1, wherein in the planning design scheme of S4, the vertical elevation of the site is higher than the elevation of the surrounding roads to prevent the used land from being a depression, and the lowest elevation of the site is determined in combination with the perennial groundwater level conditions.
4. The BIM technology-based vertical design method for the urban garden landscape according to claim 1, wherein in the planning and design scheme of S4, filling is performed at a lower site topography to meet the requirement of the lowest elevation; and excavating the higher part of the field topography, and connecting the higher part with the surrounding topography to balance the filling and excavating amount.
5. The BIM technology-based vertical design method for the urban garden landscape according to the claim 1, wherein in the planning design scheme of S4, the vertical planning of the drainage subareas is based on the principle of safety and economy, and the drainage subareas of the organization field are dispersed and discharged into the water body or the rainwater pipeline nearby; the vertical planning design of the field reserves the channels for communicating the landscape water body with the artificial water tank and the artificial water tank with an external water system, so that the redundant rainwater can be discharged in time.
6. The BIM technology-based vertical design method for urban garden landscape according to claim 1, wherein in S5, after the triangulation network volumetric curved surface model is generated, the altitude of the contour line needs to be checked, whether there are errors that may occur when the contour line with the altitude of 0 and the contour line are not a multi-segment line are checked, and then the triangulation network volumetric curved surface model is optimized by adjusting the side length of the triangulation network to eliminate the error value.
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| CN113610310A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-05 | 宋代军 | Multi-factor determination urban and rural road network and vertical land parcel minimum earthwork method |
| CN114528621A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-24 | 福建景尚建筑环境设计工程有限公司 | Landscape garden design method |
| CN115030197A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-09 | 中建八局第二建设有限公司 | Mountain support construction method based on three-dimensional scanning technology |
| CN116702299A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-09-05 | 山东建筑大学 | Garden design method based on garden simulation |
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| CN114528621A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-24 | 福建景尚建筑环境设计工程有限公司 | Landscape garden design method |
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