CN113202414A - High-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool - Google Patents
High-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN113202414A CN113202414A CN202110534227.4A CN202110534227A CN113202414A CN 113202414 A CN113202414 A CN 113202414A CN 202110534227 A CN202110534227 A CN 202110534227A CN 113202414 A CN113202414 A CN 113202414A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
- E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool, which comprises a guiding section, a flexible driving drill column and a rigid driving drill column which are sequentially connected; the guiding section comprises a guiding drilling short section, an electric driving actuator and a guiding execution mechanism, wherein the guiding drilling short section comprises a guiding short section body and a drill bit, and the drill bit is connected to the lower part of the guiding short section body; the electric drive actuator drives the guide actuating mechanism to execute guide action through the speed reducing device and/or the lead screw transmission device; the electric drive actuator is controlled by a drive control module; a through structure which penetrates through the flexible driving drill string along the axial direction is arranged in the flexible driving drill string, and a through flow passage along the axial direction of the flexible driving drill string can be formed; the rigid driving drill string is used for driving the flexible driving drill string to rotate and driving a guide section to rotate and drill through the flexible driving drill string.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling and boring, in particular to a high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool.
Background
Exploration and development of subterranean material resources and space resources requires the use of extensive drilling techniques. The existing steering drilling technology mainly comprises a downhole motor steering drilling technology and a rotary steering drilling technology. The maximum build-up rate of the technology can not exceed 15 degrees/30 meters generally, and the drilling controllable track short-radius steering drilling with the curvature radius smaller than 60 meters can not be realized. In the prior art, a plurality of radial or short-radius drilling technologies which cannot effectively control the well track exist, and the technologies have poor effects on developing and utilizing underground resources. However, in the field of very short radius drilling with a turning radius smaller than 10 meters, the existing radial drilling technology or short radius drilling technology does not have a guiding function and cannot realize control of a well track. Because the rotary steering systems currently in use are inherently inflexible, they are nearly impossible to adapt to the actual requirements of short radius drilling and are unable to achieve short to very short radius directional drilling under rotary drilling conditions. Other related products in the prior art also have the function of failing to realize the track control of the well under the condition of rotary drilling, which leads to the serious problem of dragging and drilling pressure. The above short-very short radius drilling also comprises continuing steerable drilling through the short-very short radius interval at the bottom end of the short-very short radius interval.
The present invention proposes an effective solution to the above problems. The length of each bearing short section is reduced by arranging the electric drive actuator and the hydraulic liquid distribution device in different short section bearing short sections, so that the purpose of greatly improving the passing performance of the high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool is achieved.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a highly reliable flexible pilot drilling tool to solve the above problems in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-reliability flexible guiding well drilling tool comprises a guiding section and a flexible driving drill column which are sequentially connected; wherein:
the guide section comprises a guide drilling nipple and an electric drive actuator, the guide drilling nipple comprises a guide nipple body, a guide actuating mechanism and a drill bit, and the drill bit is connected to the lower part of the guide nipple body;
the electric drive actuator drives the guide actuating mechanism to execute guide action through the speed reducing device and/or the lead screw transmission device; the electric drive actuator is controlled by a drive control module;
the flexible driving drill string comprises a torque transmission serial and a pressure-bearing hose, wherein the torque transmission serial is arranged inside the pressure-bearing hose in a penetrating mode or the pressure-bearing hose is arranged inside the torque transmission serial in a penetrating mode; or the flexible driving drill column is a plurality of universal transmission mechanism serial strings which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
a through structure which penetrates through the flexible driving drill string along the axial direction is arranged in the flexible driving drill string, and a through flow passage along the axial direction of the flexible driving drill string can be formed.
Further, preferably, the guiding section further comprises a driving short section and a flexible driving control shaft, and the guiding drilling short section is connected with the driving short section by a torque transmission structure; the flexible driving control shaft comprises any one or combination of a universal shaft, an elastic rod and an elastic pipe; the flexible driving control shaft passes through the inside of a torque transmission structure arranged between the guiding drilling short section and the driving short section; the electric drive actuator is arranged in the drive short section;
a guide actuating mechanism is arranged in the guide short section body and comprises at least one group of hydraulic driving assembly and a hydraulic liquid distribution device; the hydraulic liquid distribution device is respectively communicated with the hydraulic driving assembly and the through flow passage; the electric drive actuator can drive a hydraulic distribution device and is used for enabling the guide actuating mechanism to be periodically communicated with the through flow channel;
the speed reducer and/or the lead screw transmission device is connected with the flexible driving control shaft, and the electric driving actuator, the flexible driving control shaft, the speed reducer and/or the lead screw transmission device and the hydraulic liquid distribution device are connected in series; the hydraulic fluid distribution device is connected in series with the electric drive actuator, the speed reducing device, the flexible drive control shaft and the hydraulic fluid distribution device from top to bottom, or the electric drive actuator, the flexible drive control shaft, the speed reducing device and/or the screw transmission device and the hydraulic fluid distribution device.
Further, preferably, the device also comprises a drive control short section, wherein the drive control short section is arranged above the drive short section and is separated from the drive short section by at least one torque transmission structure; a drive control module is arranged in the drive control short section and is electrically connected with the electric drive actuator through a bridging electric connection circuit; the drive control module controls the hydraulic liquid distribution device in a mode of driving the flexible drive control shaft to rotate or swing.
Preferably, the hydraulic driving assembly comprises a driving piston and a piston accommodating cavity which are connected to the cylinder wall of the guide short section body, the moving space between the driving piston and the piston accommodating cavity can stretch and retract along the radial direction, and the driving piston can directly abut against the well wall or indirectly abut against the well wall through a pushing rib wing so as to drive the drill bit to deflect along a preset direction through the stretching and retracting of the driving piston.
Further, preferably, the electric drive actuator is an electric motor, the electric motor comprises an electric motor rotor and an electric motor stator, and the electric motor stator is fixedly connected with the drive nipple body; the hydraulic liquid distribution device comprises a reversing valve, and the lead screw transmission device comprises a lead screw; the motor rotor is connected with the lead screw through the flexible driving control shaft and can drive the lead screw to reciprocate, the lead screw is connected with the reversing valve and can drive the reversing valve to change the connectivity between the hydraulic driving assembly and the through flow channel, and the periodic liquid supply from the communication flow channel to the hydraulic driving assembly can be realized;
or, the hydraulic liquid distribution device is a rotary valve, the rotary valve comprises a rotary valve rotor and a rotary valve stator, the motor rotor is coupled with the input end of the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is coupled with the flexible driving control shaft, the flexible driving control shaft is coupled with the rotary valve rotor, the motor rotor can drive the rotary valve rotor to rotate relative to the rotary valve stator, the rotary valve stator is fixedly connected with the guide short section body, and the rotary valve stator is provided with a plurality of valve positions which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the hydraulic driving components.
Preferably, the guide executing mechanism comprises a group of hydraulic driving assemblies which are arranged on the guide short section body along the radial direction, each hydraulic driving assembly comprises a driving piston and a piston accommodating cavity which are connected to the cylinder wall of the guide short section body, the moving space between the driving piston and the piston accommodating cavity can stretch out and draw back along the radial direction, and the driving piston can directly abut against the well wall or indirectly abut against the well wall through a pushing rib so as to drive the drill bit to deflect along the preset direction through the stretching of the driving piston.
Further, preferably, the radial depth of the piston accommodating cavity is greater than 50% of the diameter of the guide nipple body, and the axial direction of the piston accommodating cavity generally extends along the radial direction of the guide nipple body; and an eccentric flow channel is arranged on the outer side of the piston accommodating cavity and used for enabling drilling fluid to flow in the guide nipple body.
Further, the drilling device preferably further comprises a rigid driving drill string, wherein the rigid driving drill string is arranged inside the main well bore and is used for driving the flexible driving drill string to rotate and driving the guide section to rotate and drill through the flexible driving drill string.
Further, as the preferred, still include drilling tool conveying system, drilling tool conveying system includes conveying tubular column and steering gear, the steering gear set up in conveying tubular column below, the conveying tubular column sets up inside the main well bore, rigid drive set up in inside drilling tool conveying system and with conveying system keeps mobilizable clearance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool, which has the following beneficial effects: according to the high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool, the electric driving actuator drives the guiding actuating mechanism to execute guiding action through the speed reducing device and/or the lead screw transmission device, so that the load of the electric driving actuator is greatly reduced. Furthermore, the hydraulic driving assembly is controlled through the flexible driving control shaft, the size of the guiding drilling nipple can be greatly shortened, the trafficability of the high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool in a short-radius well or an extremely short-radius well is improved, and the high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool can realize a guiding function under the condition of rotary drilling. The hydraulic driving assembly can drive the drill bit to deflect in a preset direction so as to change the track of the well hole, thereby realizing the short-extremely short radius directional drilling or completing the directional drilling of an extended well section of the short-extremely short radius well section; especially, in the application of continuing to carry out extended well section drilling through the extremely short radius well section, the guide drilling short section, the driving short section and the driving control short section all need to pass through the extremely short radius well section, so the guide drilling short section, the driving short section and the driving control short section are respectively arranged in different short sections and are connected by a universal transmission mechanism, so that the guide drilling tool has strong flexibility. The problems described in the background of the invention can be solved by realizing or continuing guided drilling through a short radius-very short radius borehole.
Because the drive control module contains a large number of power devices and needs a heat dissipation space, the drive control module is arranged in the drive control short section behind the drive short section, and the drive control short section is connected with other short sections adjacent to the drive control short section through the universal transmission mechanism, so that the overall flexibility of the high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool is increased, and the guiding drilling function is further easily realized in a high-curvature well. The problems described in the background of the invention can be better solved by realizing or continuing guided drilling through short radius to very short radius boreholes.
The advantage of using a single set of hydraulic drive components is that because the guide sub body needs to pass through the central port of the transfer string, the diameter of the guide sub body is small, thus creating great limits on the volume and depth of the piston. In order to ensure the stability of the piston, the depth of the piston needs to be expanded as much as possible. In order to solve the contradiction, in the embodiment of the invention, a single-piston design mode is adopted, and a piston with the capacity as high as possible can be arranged in the inner space of the limited guide short section body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first configuration of a high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic representation of the high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first operational state of the high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second operational state of the high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool of the present invention;
the reference numbers illustrate:
110. a drill bit; 111. a swing sleeve; 112. an inner articulated joint; 113. a flexible drive control shaft; 115. a suspension bearing;
121. a guide short section body; 1211. a through flow channel; 1212. a throttling device;
130. a hydraulic drive assembly;
131. a piston assembly; 1311. a piston accommodating chamber; 1312. a drive piston;
140. an electrically driven actuator; 141. a hydraulic fluid distribution device; 1411. a rotary valve rotor; 1412. a rotary valve stator; 1413. a valve core; 1414. a valve body; 142. an electric motor; 1421. a motor rotor; 1422. a motor stator; 143. a reduction gear; 144. a lead screw drive;
150. driving the short section; 151. a driving nipple body;
200. a flexible drive drill string;
220. a universal transmission mechanism;
230. a drive control module;
240. across the electrical connection line;
210. a bearing short section;
230. a drive control module;
280. driving the control short section;
300. a main wellbore; 310. a lateral wellbore; 320. a diverter; 340. the drill string is conveyed.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool includes a guiding section, including a guiding section and a flexible driving drill string, which are sequentially connected;
the guiding section comprises a guiding drilling nipple and an electric drive actuator 140, wherein the guiding drilling nipple comprises a guiding nipple body 121, a guiding actuating mechanism and a drill bit 110, and the drill bit is connected to the lower part of the guiding nipple body 121;
the electric driving actuator drives the guiding actuating mechanism to execute guiding action through the speed reducing device 143 and/or the lead screw transmission device 144; the electric drive actuator is controlled by a drive control module; in this embodiment, the speed reducer 143 is a speed reduction gear box;
the flexible driving drill string comprises a torque transmission serial and a pressure-bearing hose, wherein the torque transmission serial is arranged inside the pressure-bearing hose in a penetrating mode or the pressure-bearing hose is arranged inside the torque transmission serial in a penetrating mode; or, the flexible driving drill string is formed by connecting a plurality of universal transmission mechanisms 220 in series from top to bottom in sequence;
the flexible driving drill string is internally provided with a through structure which penetrates along the axial direction and can form a through flow passage 1211 along the axial direction of the flexible driving drill string.
As a preferred embodiment, the guiding section further comprises a driving sub 150 and a flexible driving control shaft, and the guiding drilling sub and the driving sub 150 are connected by a torque transmission structure; the flexible driving control shaft comprises any one or combination of a universal shaft, an elastic rod and an elastic pipe; the flexible driving control shaft passes through the inside of a torque transmission structure arranged between the pilot drilling short section and the driving short section 150; the electric drive actuator 140 is arranged inside the drive short section; the flexible driving control shaft controls the guiding actuating mechanism through reciprocating motion, rotation or swinging, and the driving control module can control the guiding actuating mechanism through the flexible driving control shaft across the universal transmission mechanism 220. The flexible driving control shaft reciprocates along the axial direction of the flexible driving drill string, namely reciprocates upwards or downwards; the flexible driving control shaft is rotated, namely the flexible driving control shaft rotates by taking the axis of the flexible driving drill string as a rotating shaft; the flexible driving control shaft swings by taking the axis of the flexible driving drill string as a rotating shaft;
the guiding actuating mechanism comprises at least one group of hydraulic driving components and a hydraulic liquid distribution device 141; the hydraulic liquid distribution device 141 is respectively communicated with the hydraulic driving assembly and the through flow passage; the electric drive actuator can drive a hydraulic distribution device 141 and is used for enabling the guide actuating mechanism to be periodically communicated with the through flow channel;
the speed reducer 143 and/or the lead screw transmission device 144 are connected with the flexible driving control shaft, and the electric driving actuator, the flexible driving control shaft, the speed reducer 143 and/or the lead screw transmission device 144 and the hydraulic liquid distribution device 141 are connected in series; the electric driving actuator, the speed reducing device 143, the flexible driving control shaft and the hydraulic liquid distribution device 141 are sequentially arranged in series from top to bottom, or the electric driving actuator, the flexible driving control shaft, the speed reducing device 143 and/or the screw transmission device 144 and the hydraulic liquid distribution device 141 are sequentially arranged in series.
In this embodiment, the guided drilling nipple comprises a guided nipple body and a drill bit structure, wherein the drill bit structure is connected to the lower part of the guided nipple body through an internal articulated universal joint 112, and can realize the transmission of the weight-on-bit torque under the condition of variable angle; the connection mode can also be that the drill bit and the guide short section body are arranged in a fusion way, the specific method of the fusion arrangement is integrated manufacture or connection through screw threads, the guide short section body is cylindrical, a guide execution mechanism for executing a guide function is arranged on the guide short section body, and the guide execution mechanism can drive the drill bit to deflect according to a preset direction so as to drive the drill bit to deflect under the condition of rotary drilling, so that the track of a well hole is changed, and further ultra-short radius drilling or continuous guide drilling through an ultra-short radius well section is realized; it should be noted that the bearing short section provided with the electrically driven actuator is the driving short section. In addition, in the present embodiment, the torque transmission string is a strip-shaped mechanism capable of transmitting torque, which is formed by nesting or coupling a plurality of torque transmission structures, and the universal transmission mechanism 220 is a specific example of the torque transmission structure, and is a specific form of the most stable torque transmission structure.
The design in this embodiment has the effect that the guide execution mechanism can be controlled by spanning a plurality of universal transmission mechanisms in the through structure of the flexible driving drill string, so that the driving control device can be independently arranged at the rear, and the driving control device is prevented from being arranged in the guide drilling nipple. The guiding section furthest shortens the length of the guiding drilling short section and the distance between deflection centers of all hinge points behind the guiding drilling short section, so that the flexible driving drill column can more easily pass through a high-curvature well hole, the drilling power is transmitted in the high-curvature well hole, and the control of a guiding execution mechanism is realized. In the specific implementation process, because the bearing short sections in the flexible driving drill string can mutually transmit axial force and/or bear torque through the universal transmission mechanism, the reaction torque generated by the flexible driving control shaft rotated by the driving control device is borne by the flexible driving drill string, so that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is realized. The drill bit in the embodiment of the invention mainly realizes the rock breaking structure of rock and soil in the drilling process, and the diameter-protecting section or the lateral cutting teeth can be arranged at any position outside the guide nipple body.
The universal transmission mechanism is a combination of a hinge structure and a torque transmission structure, or the universal transmission mechanism is one of a cross universal JOINT, a rzeppa universal JOINT and a Hooke' S JOINT. The universal transmission mechanism is a universal joint structure formed by a hinge structure and a torque transmission piece, or the universal transmission mechanism is formed by a hinge structure and an independent universal joint, or the universal transmission mechanism is a hinge type universal joint, the specific implementation mode of the universal transmission mechanism in the flexible driving drill column is similar to the connection structure between each short joint in the flexible drill rod, the specific design structure of the universal transmission mechanism is the prior art, and the details are not repeated.
As a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises a drive control short section, wherein the drive control short section is arranged above the drive short section and is separated from the drive short section by at least one torque transmission structure; a drive control module is arranged in the drive control short section and is electrically connected with the electric drive actuator through a bridging electric connection circuit; the driving control module controls the hydraulic liquid distribution device 141 by driving the flexible driving control shaft to rotate or swing, and the driving control module can control the guiding execution mechanism by the flexible driving control shaft across the universal transmission mechanism 220.
In this embodiment, the driving control module at least includes a digital chip for executing a control program.
As a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic driving assembly 130 includes a driving piston and a piston accommodating cavity connected to the cylinder wall of the guiding sub body, the movable space between the driving piston and the piston accommodating cavity can be extended and retracted along the radial direction, and the driving piston can directly abut against the well wall or indirectly abut against the well wall through a pushing rib, so that the drill bit is driven to deflect in a preset direction through the extension and retraction of the driving piston.
In this embodiment, the driving piston can swing around the inner hinged universal joint 112 by pushing the swing sleeve 111 to change the drilling direction of the drill bit.
In a preferred embodiment, the electric drive actuator is an electric motor 142, the electric motor 142 includes an electric motor rotor 1421 and an electric motor stator 1422, and the electric motor stator is fixedly connected with the drive sub body; the hydraulic liquid distribution device 141 comprises a reversing valve, and the lead screw transmission device comprises a lead screw; the motor rotor 1421 is connected to the screw rod through the flexible driving control shaft, and can drive the screw rod to reciprocate, the screw rod is connected to a reversing valve, and can drive the reversing valve to change the connectivity between the hydraulic driving assembly 130 and the through channel, so as to realize periodic liquid supply from the communication channel to the hydraulic driving assembly;
or, the hydraulic fluid distribution device 141 is a rotary valve, the rotary valve includes a rotary valve rotor 1411 and a rotary valve stator 1412, the motor rotor is coupled to the input end of the speed reducer 143, the output end of the speed reducer 143 is coupled to the flexible driving control shaft 113, the flexible driving control shaft 113 is coupled to the rotary valve rotor, the motor rotor can drive the rotary valve rotor to rotate relative to the rotary valve stator, the rotary valve stator is fixedly connected to the guide short section body, and the rotary valve stator is provided with a plurality of valve positions corresponding to the hydraulic driving components one to one.
In the present embodiment, the motor is a motor equipped with a resolver for angular position control of the motor, and the motor is a servo motor that can perform angular position control. The reversing valve comprises a valve core 1413 and a valve body 1414, the end part of the lead screw is provided with the valve core, and the valve core is driven by the lead screw to reciprocate along the axis, so that the lower end surface of the valve core 1413 is periodically close to and far away from the upper end surface of the valve body 1414; when the lower end surface of the valve core is close to the upper end surface of the valve body, the connectivity between the piston accommodating cavity and the through flow channel is obstructed, and the drilling fluid is discharged out of the piston accommodating cavity through the throttling device, otherwise, the connectivity between the piston accommodating cavity and the through flow channel is increased, and the drilling fluid cannot be discharged out of the piston accommodating cavity through the throttling device, so that the piston is driven to generate pushing force under the action of the drilling fluid pressure in the through flow channel.
As a preferred embodiment, the guiding executing mechanism includes only one group of hydraulic driving assemblies arranged in the guiding short section body along the radial direction, the hydraulic driving assembly 130 includes a driving piston and a piston accommodating cavity connected to the cylinder wall of the guiding short section body, an active space between the driving piston and the piston accommodating cavity can be extended and retracted along the radial direction, and the driving piston can directly abut against the well wall or indirectly abut against the well wall through a pushing rib, so that the drill bit is driven to deflect along the preset direction through extension and retraction of the driving piston. In this embodiment, a set of hydraulic drive subassembly is a piston holding chamber and a drive piston, adopts the design of single piston, can set up the piston that capacity is as high as possible in the inner space of limited direction nipple joint body.
In a preferred embodiment, the radial depth of the piston accommodating cavity is greater than 50% of the diameter of the guide nipple body, and the axial direction of the piston accommodating cavity extends substantially along the radial direction of the guide nipple body; and an eccentric flow channel is arranged on the outer side of the piston accommodating cavity and used for enabling drilling fluid to flow in the guide nipple body.
In a preferred embodiment, the first operation state of the high-reliability flexible guiding drilling device shown in fig. 4 further comprises a rigid driving drill string, which is arranged inside the main borehole and is used for driving the flexible driving drill string to rotate and driving the guiding section to drill rotationally through the flexible driving drill string. The flexible driving drill string is supported by a diverter 320 to enter the branch borehole 310 from the main borehole 300 so as to realize the transmission of drilling power.
In a preferred embodiment, the second operational state of the high reliability flexible steerable drilling apparatus, as shown in fig. 5, further comprises a tool transport system comprising a transport string 340 and a diverter 320, the diverter being disposed below the transport string, the transport string being disposed within the main wellbore, the rigid drive being disposed within the tool transport system and being movably spaced from the transport system. In this embodiment, the rigid driving drill string can transmit drilling power to the guided drilling nipple through the flexible driving drill string, and the flexural rigidity of the rigid driving drill string is at least 10 times that of the flexible driving drill string, so as to realize efficient transmission of the drilling power;
in this embodiment, the piston assembly includes a plurality of sets of driving pistons and piston accommodating cavities, and is a plurality of sets of mechanisms that can be extended and contracted under the hydraulic action and provide thrust. It is within the scope of the present invention that the drive piston be a circular cross-section plunger, a non-circular cross-section piston, or other equivalent alternatives. The driving piston and the piston accommodating cavity can be sealed by metal seal, O-ring seal or rubber seal. The method for indirectly pushing the driving piston against the well wall comprises the step of transmitting thrust to the well wall through the pushing rib wings or the pushing blocks. In order to facilitate the exhaust of the piston accommodating cavity, the exhaust liquid is discharged through the throttling device 1212, and the principle and function of the liquid discharge are the prior art in this field, and are not described in detail in the present invention.
In this embodiment, still include the gesture measurement nipple joint, the gesture measurement nipple joint includes gesture measurement module, gesture measurement module is the gesture measurement module who adopts thick film circuit technology to make.
As a preferred embodiment, the length of the guided drilling short section is less than 1 meter and less than 5 times of the outside diameter of the drill bit, the average length of the bearing short section is less than 0.5 meter and less than 3 times of the outside diameter of the drill bit, so as to be suitable for the curvature of the borehole 300 of a branch well with a short radius or an extremely short radius, the angle range of free deflection of the universal transmission mechanism is more than 2 degrees, and the total length of the guided drilling short section and the flexible driving drill string is more than the axial length of the branch borehole;
it should be noted that both the guided drilling sub and the flexible drive string can enter the lateral section, i.e., the window formed by main bore 300 and lateral bore 310, as the lateral drilling rate increases. When the lateral drilling of the branch well is carried out in a deep well, the well depth of the main well hole is far larger than the length of the branch well section. Therefore, the rigid driving drill string for transmitting the drilling power in the main well bore is beneficial to reducing the loss of the drilling power during the transmission process. I.e. the rotary drilling device at the wellhead transmits rotary drilling power to the flexible drive string inside the main wellbore through the rigid drive string. As the optimal choice of cost performance, the rigid driving drill string is a drill string formed by connecting conventional drill rods or drill collars in series.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool is characterized in that: the flexible driving drill string comprises a guide section and a flexible driving drill string which are connected in sequence; wherein:
the guiding section comprises a guiding drilling nipple and an electric drive actuator (140), wherein the guiding drilling nipple comprises a guiding nipple body (121), a guiding actuating mechanism and a drill bit (110), and the drill bit is connected to the lower part of the guiding nipple body (121);
the electric drive actuator drives the guide actuating mechanism to execute guide action through the speed reducing device and/or the lead screw transmission device (144);
the flexible driving drill string comprises a torque transmission serial and a pressure-bearing hose, wherein the torque transmission serial is arranged inside the pressure-bearing hose in a penetrating mode or the pressure-bearing hose is arranged inside the torque transmission serial in a penetrating mode; or the flexible driving drill string is a plurality of universal transmission mechanism (220) tandem which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
the flexible driving drill string is internally provided with a through structure which penetrates along the axial direction and can form a through flow passage (1211) along the axial direction of the flexible driving drill string.
2. A high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool as in claim 1, wherein: the guiding section also comprises a driving short section (150) and a flexible driving control shaft, and the guiding drilling short section is connected with the driving short section (150) by adopting a torque transmission structure; the flexible driving control shaft comprises any one or combination of a universal shaft, an elastic rod and an elastic pipe; the flexible driving control shaft passes through the inside of a torque transmission structure arranged between the guide drilling short section and the driving short section (150); the electric drive actuator (140) is arranged in the drive short section;
the guide actuating mechanism comprises at least one group of hydraulic driving components and a hydraulic liquid distribution device (141); the hydraulic liquid distribution device (141) is respectively communicated with the hydraulic driving assembly and the through flow passage; the electric drive actuator can drive a hydraulic distribution device (141) and is used for enabling the guide actuating mechanism to be periodically communicated with the through flow channel;
the speed reducing device (143) and/or the lead screw transmission device (144) are connected with the flexible driving control shaft, and the electric driving actuator, the flexible driving control shaft, the speed reducing device (143) and/or the lead screw transmission device (144) and the hydraulic liquid distribution device (141) are connected in series; the electric driving actuator, the speed reducing device (143), the flexible driving control shaft and the hydraulic liquid distribution device (141) are sequentially arranged in a serial connection mode from top to bottom, or the electric driving actuator, the flexible driving control shaft, the speed reducing device (143) and/or a screw transmission device (144) and the hydraulic liquid distribution device (141).
3. A high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool as in claim 2, wherein: the driving control short section is arranged above the driving short section and is separated from the driving short section by at least one torque transmission structure; a drive control module is arranged in the drive control short section and is electrically connected with the electric drive actuator through a bridging electric connection line (240); the driving control module controls the hydraulic liquid distribution device (141) in a mode of driving the flexible driving control shaft to rotate or swing.
4. A high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool as in claim 2, wherein: the hydraulic driving assembly (130) comprises a driving piston and a piston accommodating cavity which are connected to the cylinder wall of the guide short section body, the moving space between the driving piston and the piston accommodating cavity can stretch out and draw back along the radial direction, and the driving piston can directly abut against the well wall or indirectly abut against the well wall through a pushing rib so as to drive the drill bit to deflect along the preset direction through the stretching of the driving piston.
5. A high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool as in claim 2, wherein: the electric drive actuator is an electric motor (142), the electric motor (142) comprises an electric motor rotor (1421) and an electric motor stator (1422), and the electric motor stator is fixedly connected with the drive short section body; the hydraulic liquid distribution device (141) comprises a reversing valve, and the lead screw transmission device comprises a lead screw; the motor rotor (1421) is connected with the lead screw through the flexible driving control shaft and can drive the lead screw to reciprocate, the lead screw is connected with a reversing valve and can drive the reversing valve to change the connectivity between the hydraulic driving assembly (130) and the through flow channel, and the periodic liquid supply from the communication flow channel to the hydraulic driving assembly can be realized;
or, the hydraulic liquid distribution device (141) is a rotary valve, the rotary valve comprises a rotary valve rotor (1411) and a rotary valve stator (1412), the motor rotor is coupled with the input end of the speed reducer (143), the output end of the speed reducer (143) is coupled with the flexible driving control shaft (113), the flexible driving control shaft (113) is coupled with the rotary valve rotor, the motor rotor can drive the rotary valve rotor to rotate relative to the rotary valve stator, the rotary valve stator is fixedly connected with the guide short section body, and the rotary valve stator is provided with a plurality of valve positions which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the hydraulic driving components.
6. A high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool as in claim 1, wherein: the guide executing mechanism comprises a group of hydraulic driving assemblies which are arranged on the guide short section body along the radial direction, the hydraulic driving assemblies (130) comprise driving pistons and piston accommodating cavities which are connected to the cylinder wall of the guide short section body, the moving space between the driving pistons and the piston accommodating cavities can stretch out and draw back along the radial direction, the driving pistons can directly abut against the well wall or indirectly abut against the well wall through pushing ribs, and therefore the drill bit is driven to deflect along the preset direction through the stretching of the driving pistons.
7. A highly reliable flexible pilot drilling tool according to claim 4 or 6, wherein: the radial depth of the piston accommodating cavity is greater than 50% of the diameter of the guide nipple body, and the axial direction of the piston accommodating cavity generally extends along the radial direction of the guide nipple body; and an eccentric flow channel is arranged on the outer side of the piston accommodating cavity and used for enabling drilling fluid to flow in the guide nipple body.
8. A high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool as in claim 1, wherein: the drill string is arranged in the main well bore and used for driving the flexible driving drill string to rotate and driving the guide section to rotate and drill through the flexible driving drill string.
9. A high reliability flexible steerable drilling tool as in claim 8, wherein: the drilling tool conveying system comprises a conveying pipe column (340) and a steering gear (320), the steering gear is arranged below the conveying pipe column, the conveying pipe column is arranged inside the main well bore, and the rigid driving device is arranged inside the drilling tool conveying system and keeps a movable gap with the conveying system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110534227.4A CN113202414A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | High-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110534227.4A CN113202414A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | High-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113202414A true CN113202414A (en) | 2021-08-03 |
Family
ID=77031879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110534227.4A Withdrawn CN113202414A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | High-reliability flexible guiding drilling tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113202414A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113494248A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-12 | 常州大学 | Electromagnetic flexible short-section drilling tool suitable for geothermal well |
| WO2024017412A1 (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2024-01-25 | 北京全地科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional well drilling tool |
-
2021
- 2021-05-17 CN CN202110534227.4A patent/CN113202414A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113494248A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-12 | 常州大学 | Electromagnetic flexible short-section drilling tool suitable for geothermal well |
| CN113494248B (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2024-04-19 | 常州大学 | Electromagnetic flexible nipple drilling tool suitable for geothermal well |
| WO2024017412A1 (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2024-01-25 | 北京全地科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional well drilling tool |
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