CN113202200B

CN113202200B - Self-resetting viscous damper based on combined spring

Info

Publication number: CN113202200B
Application number: CN202110393047.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舒赣平; 严鑫; 秦颖; 谢韩涛; 刘汶津
Original assignee: Southeast University
Current assignee: Southeast University
Priority date: 2021-04-13
Filing date: 2021-04-13
Publication date: 2022-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-13
Also published as: CN113202200A

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-resetting viscous damper based on a combined spring, which comprises a viscous damping energy consumption device, a spring resetting device and a force transmission device, wherein the viscous damping energy consumption device is linked with the spring resetting device through the force transmission device, and the force transmission device comprises an outer force transmission component and an inner force transmission component; the outer force transmission component comprises a cylinder body, the viscous damping energy dissipation device and the spring resetting device are both installed in the cylinder body, the inner force transmission component is a guide rod, the guide rod is arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder body, a piston in the viscous damping energy dissipation device is fixedly connected onto the guide rod, the spring resetting device comprises a resetting spring part and two bearing plates which are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the resetting spring part, the resetting spring part and the bearing plates are both sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod, and the resetting spring part and the bearing plates can slide relative to the guide rod. The invention has the advantages of excellent and controllable self-resetting capability, stable energy consumption under high and low frequency excitation, overload protection characteristic, symmetrical tension and compression performance, convenient assembly and easy disassembly and maintenance.

Description

Self-resetting viscous damper based on combined spring

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering energy dissipation and shock absorption, and relates to a self-resetting viscous damper based on a combined spring.

Background

The energy dissipation and shock absorption structure is a building structure which is characterized in that an energy dissipation device is arranged, and in the structural vibration process, the energy dissipation device consumes structural vibration energy by utilizing the relative displacement and the relative speed generated by structural deformation, so that the structural earthquake response is reduced, and the expected earthquake-resistant design requirement is met. Common energy dissipaters can be classified into displacement type dampers (e.g., friction dampers, metal yield dampers) and velocity type dampers (e.g., viscous dampers, viscoelastic dampers). Although the energy dissipation and shock absorption structure designed according to the requirements of national seismic design specifications can meet the seismic fortification target of 'no damage of small earthquake, repairable middle earthquake and no fall of large earthquake', under the action of strong earthquake, the structure still generates larger residual deformation after earthquake because the material enters plastic yield energy consumption. Some existing researches show that when the residual displacement angle of the structure is larger than 0.5%, the post-earthquake maintenance cost is larger than the reconstruction cost, and the economic loss which is difficult to estimate is brought to the society by the aid of the inverted reconstruction of a large number of buildings. The self-resetting device is introduced into the traditional energy dissipation device, so that the energy dissipation device has good energy dissipation and self-resetting functions, the earthquake response of the main structure can be controlled, and the residual deformation of the structure after earthquake can be effectively reduced, so that the using function of the structure can be quickly restored without repairing or slightly repairing the structure after earthquake.

At present, although the existing self-resetting friction damper and self-resetting metal yielding damper can show typical flag-type hysteresis characteristics under the action of an earthquake, so that the structure has good self-resetting capability, the design needs to at least meet the requirement that the restoring force provided by the self-resetting device is greater than the resetting resistance (such as friction force and blocking force generated after metal yielding) of the energy dissipater, and the energy consumption capability of the self-resetting friction damper and the self-resetting metal yielding damper in the case of a major earthquake is also limited. The damping force generated by the viscous damper is related to the speed, the seismic energy can be fully consumed in the earthquake action process, and the reset resistance of the viscous damper is far smaller than that of the displacement type damper in the slow reset process of the post-earthquake structure. Therefore, in order to realize the self-resetting function of the structure, compared with friction damping energy consumption and metal yield type energy consumption, viscous damping energy consumption is a more ideal energy consumption mode.

The existing self-resetting viscous damper is provided with a resetting resultant force by resetting springs on two sides of a balancing plate, and the resetting resultant force is always balanced with the resetting resistance of the damper. When the balance plate is in the initial balance position, the return resultant force is zero no matter whether the return spring applies prestress or not; when the damper has non-negligible initial internal friction force or the structure is subjected to plastic deformation, the balance plate cannot completely return to the initial balance position due to the existence of the reset resistance force, the reset spring on one side of the balance plate is pressed, and the reset spring on the other side of the balance plate is pulled to jointly provide a reset resultant force to balance with the reset resistance force, so that the self-reset damper can only realize partial self-reset of the structure. Meanwhile, the self-resetting viscous damper has limited energy consumption capacity under low-frequency vibration.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the self-resetting capability and the energy consumption capability under low-frequency vibration of the conventional self-resetting viscous damper, the invention provides a self-resetting viscous damper based on a combined spring, which shows excellent energy consumption capability and self-resetting performance under low-frequency and high-frequency dynamic excitation, has a simple structure, is easy to assemble, can adjust the pre-pressure of the combined spring according to design requirements, controls the residual deformation of the structure within an expected design range, realizes low damage of the structure, and reduces the earthquake loss of the structure.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:

a self-resetting viscous damper based on a combined spring comprises a viscous damping energy consumption device, a spring resetting device and a force transmission device, wherein the viscous damping energy consumption device is linked with the spring resetting device through the force transmission device, and the force transmission device comprises an outer force transmission component and an inner force transmission component; the outer force transmission component comprises a cylinder body, the viscous damping energy dissipation device and the spring resetting device are both arranged in the cylinder body, the inner force transmission component comprises a guide rod, the guide rod is arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder body and is fixedly connected with the viscous damping energy dissipation device,

the spring resetting device comprises a resetting spring part and two bearing plates which are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the resetting spring part, and each bearing plate is sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod and can be movably arranged along the guide rod;

the reset spring part is sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod and can realize internal guide through the guide rod;

when the guide rod is pulled or pressed, the bearing plate at the front end of the stress direction of the guide rod in the two bearing plates of the spring resetting device is kept in place by axial limiting of the external force transmission member, and the bearing plate at the rear end of the stress direction of the guide rod can synchronously move along with the movement of the guide rod under the action of thrust generated by the movement of the guide rod so as to extrude the resetting spring part and promote the resetting spring part to generate self-resetting resultant force to buffer the movement of the guide rod, and the spring resetting device automatically resets after the stress of the guide rod is eliminated.

Preferably, the reset spring part is a combined spring and comprises an annular spring group and a disc spring group, the disc spring group comprises a plurality of disc springs, each disc spring is sequentially sleeved on the periphery of a guide rod between the two bearing plates and can realize internal guiding through the guide rod, the annular spring group is sleeved on the periphery of the disc spring group and can realize external guiding through the inner wall of the barrel, the inner diameter of the annular spring group is larger than the outer diameter of the disc spring group, and meanwhile, a gap between the annular spring group and the disc spring group meets the requirement that the annular spring group and the disc spring group can always avoid contact interference after being deformed under pressure; the axial two ends of the disk spring group and the annular spring group are correspondingly abutted against the two bearing plates.

Preferably, the two spring resetting devices are correspondingly a first spring resetting device and a second spring resetting device, and are respectively positioned at two axial sides of the viscous damping energy consumption device;

two ends of the cylinder are provided with openings, and a first compression nut and a second compression nut are respectively and correspondingly installed at the two open ends of the cylinder;

the cylinder body is arranged in a segmented manner and is sequentially segmented into a first spring sleeve, a viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder, a second spring sleeve and a second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder;

the viscous damping energy dissipation device is arranged in the viscous energy dissipation steel cylinder, and the first spring resetting device and the second spring resetting device are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the first spring sleeve and the second spring sleeve;

one end of the guide rod is exposed out of the outer side of the first compression nut and connected with the first earring, and the other end of the guide rod sequentially penetrates through the first spring resetting device, the viscous damping energy dissipation device and the second spring resetting device and then is positioned in the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder.

Preferably, the first spring sleeve, the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder, the second spring sleeve and the second spring sleeve sub-cylinder are mutually independent components, and the first spring sleeve, the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder, the second spring sleeve and the second spring sleeve sub-cylinder are sequentially spliced to form the cylinder body;

at the splicing position of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder and the first spring sleeve, the outer diameter of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the first spring sleeve, so that the two pressure-bearing plates of the first spring resetting device in an initial state can be axially limited by the first compression nut and the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder respectively;

at the splicing position of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder and the second spring sleeve, the outer diameter of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the second spring sleeve, so that the two pressure-bearing plates of the second spring resetting device in the initial state can be axially limited through the secondary cylinder of the second spring sleeve and the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder.

Preferably, flanges are arranged outside both ends of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder, and the flanges are a flange a and a flange b correspondingly;

one end of the first spring sleeve is provided with a flange plate c butted with the flange plate a, and the other end of the first spring sleeve is connected with the first compression nut in a threaded connection mode; when the first spring resetting device is in an initial state, the bearing plate on one side is tightly propped against the inner side surface of the first compression nut, and the bearing plate on the other side is tightly propped against the end face of one end, connected with the flange a, of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder;

one end of the second spring sleeve is provided with a flange d butted with the flange b, and the other end of the second spring sleeve is connected with the secondary cylinder of the second spring sleeve in a threaded connection manner; when the second spring resetting device is in an initial state, the bearing plate on one side is tightly abutted to the end face of the inner side of the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder, and the bearing plate on the other side is tightly abutted to the end face of one end, connected with the flange b, of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder.

Preferably, the viscous damping energy dissipation device is a viscous energy dissipation piston assembly, and comprises a first damping end cover, a piston, a second damping end cover and viscous damping fluid;

the first damping end cover and the second damping end cover are sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod at intervals and are respectively fixed with the inner wall of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder to form a closed cavity, and the closed cavity is filled with the viscous damping fluid;

the piston is arranged between the first damping end cover and the second damping end cover and is fixed with the guide rod; meanwhile, orifices for viscous damping fluid to circulate are distributed on the piston;

the guide rod is provided with a first threaded sleeve, a second threaded sleeve, a first stop block and a second stop block;

the two bearing plates of the first spring resetting device, the bearing plate arranged on the outer side is a first bearing plate, and the bearing plate arranged on the inner side is a second bearing plate; the two bearing plates of the second spring resetting device, the bearing plate arranged on the inner side is a third bearing plate, and the bearing plate arranged on the outer side is a fourth bearing plate;

the first stop block is arranged between the second bearing plate and the first damping end cover, and the first screw sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the first bearing plate; the second stop block is arranged between the third bearing plate and the second damping end cover, and the second screw sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the fourth bearing plate;

when the first spring resetting device and the second spring resetting device are in an initial state, the first stop block abuts against the second bearing plate, and the first screw sleeve penetrates through the first pressing nut and then abuts against the first bearing plate; the second stop block abuts against the third bearing plate, and the second threaded sleeve abuts against the fourth bearing plate;

when the guide rod is pulled, the first threaded sleeve is separated from the first bearing plate, the first bearing plate is axially limited through the first compression nut, the first stop block pushes the second bearing plate to move towards the first bearing plate, and the combined spring of the first spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed; meanwhile, the third bearing plate is axially limited through the right end face of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder, the second stop block is separated from the third bearing plate, the second threaded sleeve pushes the fourth bearing plate to move towards the third bearing plate, and the combined spring of the second spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed;

when the guide rod is pressed, the second bearing plate is axially limited through the left end face of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder, the first stop block is separated from the second bearing plate, the first nut penetrates through the first pressing nut to push the first bearing plate to move towards the second bearing plate, and the combined spring of the first spring resetting device is pressed to generate self-resetting resultant force; meanwhile, the fourth bearing plate is axially limited through the end face of the inner side of the secondary spring sleeve, the second threaded sleeve is separated from the fourth bearing plate, the second stop block pushes the third bearing plate to move towards the fourth bearing plate, and the combined spring of the second spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed.

Preferably, a first guide sleeve is arranged between the piston and the first damping end cover, a second guide sleeve is arranged between the piston and the second damping end cover, and sliding seals are formed between the first guide sleeve and the guide rod and between the second guide sleeve and the guide rod.

Preferably, the guide rod is a variable-diameter round rod and comprises a guide rod middle section, and a first guide rod outer side section and a second guide rod outer side section which are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide rod middle section; the diameters of the outer side sections of the first guide rod and the second guide rod are smaller than the diameter of the middle section of the guide rod; a first groove and a second groove are respectively arranged on the middle section of the guide rod; the first stop block is embedded in the first groove, and the second stop block is embedded in the second groove.

Preferably, the first stop block and the second stop block are both composed of two identical half ring pieces with grooves formed along the circumferences, after the two half ring pieces are inserted into the grooves of the guide rod, the shafts are arranged along the grooves of the half ring pieces and clamped tightly by the snap springs, so that the first stop block and the second stop block are respectively fixed at the first groove of the guide rod and the second groove of the guide rod.

Preferably, the annular spring group is formed by matching a plurality of identical outer circular rings with inner conical surfaces and inner circular rings with outer conical surfaces; the disc spring group is formed by combining a plurality of same disc-shaped steel sheets in an overlapping or involutory mode;

the annular spring group of the first spring resetting device is a first annular spring group, and the disc spring group of the first spring resetting device is a first disc spring group; the annular spring group of the second spring resetting device is a second annular spring group, and the disc spring group of the second spring resetting device is a second disc spring group;

the first spring sleeve is used for guiding the outside of the first annular spring group, the inner diameter of the first spring sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular spring group, and meanwhile, the gap between the first spring sleeve and the first annular spring group meets the requirement of a guide gap;

the second spring sleeve is used for guiding the outside of the second annular spring group, the inner diameter of the second spring sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the second annular spring group, and meanwhile, the gap between the second spring sleeve and the second annular spring group meets the requirement of a guide gap;

the guide rod is used as the inner guide of the first disc-shaped spring group and the second disc-shaped spring group; the diameter of the guide rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the disc spring group, and the gap between the guide rod and the disc spring group also meets the requirement of a guide gap.

According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the damper provided by the invention adopts the spring resetting device (the resetting spring part and the two bearing plates) and the force transmission device (the outer force transmission component and the inner force transmission component) with specific structural forms, so that the bearing plate at one side (the front end in the stress direction of the guide rod) of the resetting spring part realizes axial limiting through the outer force transmission component no matter the damper is pulled or pressed, the bearing plate at the other side (the rear end in the stress direction of the guide rod) of the resetting spring part synchronously moves along with the movement of the guide rod, the resetting spring part is extruded, the resetting spring part generates self-resetting resultant force to buffer the movement of the guide rod, and the self-resetting function of the damper is realized after the external force is removed. Therefore, in the working process, due to the interaction of the outer force transmission component (the cylinder) and the inner force transmission component (the guide rod), the spring resetting device is always axially compressed, so that the spring is prevented from being in an unfavorable tension state, the good compression characteristic of the spring is exerted to the maximum extent, and the damper has excellent self-resetting capability. By adopting the specific structural form, when the damper is in an initial state, because the two ends of the spring resetting device are limited, the pre-pressure of the spring resetting device can form self-balance in the damper. When the external force applied to the guide rod is larger than the sum of the pre-pressures of the spring resetting devices, the guide rod can move; when the external force applied to the guide rod is smaller than the sum of the pre-pressures, the guide rod is always in the initial balance position, so that when the sum of the pre-pressures applied to the spring resetting device is larger than the sum of the initial internal friction force of the damper and the resetting resistance generated after the main body structure is subjected to expected plastic deformation, the damper and the main body structure can realize complete self-resetting.

2. The combined spring formed by connecting the disc spring and the annular spring in parallel is innovatively adopted as the return spring part, so that when the damper is applied to the building structure support, the requirements of the building structure support on the rigidity and the strength of the return spring part of the damper are met.

Generally, a disc spring can withstand a large load with a small deformation, and thus has a superior self-resetting capability compared to other types of springs. The annular spring has high buffering and damping capacity, and the energy storage capacity of the material per unit volume is larger than that of other types of springs, so that a friction energy dissipation mechanism irrelevant to loading frequency can be provided. The disk spring is formed by combining a plurality of disk-shaped steel sheets, and the annular spring is formed by matching a plurality of outer circular rings and a plurality of inner circular rings, and has the mechanical property that the annular spring can only be pressed but cannot be pulled. The force transmission system of the damper can avoid the spring from being in an unfavorable tension state, and the good compression characteristic of the spring is exerted to the maximum extent, so that the damper has excellent self-resetting capability. Based on the technical facts, the guide rod is used as the inner guide of the disc spring, the cylinder body is used as the outer guide of the annular spring, the disc spring and the annular spring are connected in parallel and then are used in a combined mode, the disc spring and the annular spring are guaranteed to be in a pressed state all the time, the lateral stiffness and the bearing capacity of the viscous damper can be effectively improved under the condition that the outer diameter of the damper is not changed, the defect that the viscous damper is insufficient in energy consumption under low-frequency excitation is obviously overcome, and the damper can stably consume energy under high-frequency excitation and low-frequency excitation; in addition, the combined spring has the characteristic of overload protection, and after the disc spring group or the annular spring group is completely compressed, the displacement of the guide rod can be limited due to the fact that the deformation of the spring reaches the maximum, and therefore overload damage of the damper is avoided.

3. The invention realizes the pre-pressure adjustment of the combined spring through a simple structure (the threaded connection of the first compression nut and the first spring sleeve and the threaded connection of the second spring sleeve and the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder) (specifically, the invention can adjust the pre-pressure of the combined spring in the first spring resetting device by adjusting the screwing depth of the first compression nut in the first spring sleeve, and adjust the pre-pressure of the combined spring in the second spring resetting device by adjusting the screwing length between the second spring sleeve and the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder), thereby realizing the controllability of the self-resetting capability of the damper, and further reducing or even completely eliminating the residual deformation of the structure after earthquake. Simple operation and reliable force transmission.

4. The combined springs are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the viscous energy consumption device, so that the damper has good tension and compression symmetry, and the combined springs on two sides of the viscous energy consumption device can be synchronously further compressed no matter the damper is tensioned or compressed;

5. the self-resetting viscous damper has the advantages that each component has definite functions, the components are connected through the threads and the high-strength bolts, the force transmission is reliable, the assembly is convenient, and the disassembly and the maintenance are convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a self-resetting viscous damper based on a combination spring according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a viscous damping energy dissipation device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the left spring return;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the right spring return;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the configuration of the outer force transfer member;

figure 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the inner force transmission member;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a self-resetting viscous damper in tension;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a self-resetting viscous damper in a compressed state;

FIG. 9a is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a viscous energy dissipating steel cylinder; FIG. 9b is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the viscous energy dissipating steel cylinder;

FIG. 10a is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the first spring sleeve; FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view B-B of the first spring sleeve;

FIG. 11a is a cross-sectional view C-C of the second spring sleeve, and FIG. 11b is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the second spring sleeve;

FIG. 12a is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the second spring sleeve sub-cartridge; FIG. 12b is a D-D cross-sectional view of the second spring sleeve sub-cartridge;

FIG. 13a is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of the guide bar; FIG. 13b is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the guide bar;

FIG. 14a is a sectional view taken along line F-F of the first insert; FIG. 14b is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the first insert;

FIG. 15a is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the second insert; FIG. 15b is a sectional view taken along line G-G of the second insert;

fig. 16 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a first stop/second stop configuration.

The various labels in the figures illustrate:

1-a first lug, 2-a first thread insert, 3-a first compression nut, 4-a first bearing plate, 5-a first spring sleeve, 6-a first annular spring set, 7-a first disc spring set, 8-a second bearing plate, 9-a viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder, 10-a first damping end cap, 11-a first guide sleeve, 12-a viscous damping fluid, 13-a piston, 14-a second guide sleeve, 15-a second damping end cap, 16-a third bearing plate, 17-a second spring sleeve, 18-a second annular spring set, 19-a second disc spring set, 20-a fourth bearing plate, 21-a second thread insert, 22-a second spring sleeve secondary cylinder, 23-a second compression nut, 24-a second lug connecting bolt, 25-a second lug, 26-guide rod, 261-first outer guide rod section, 262-middle guide rod section, 263-second outer guide rod section, 264-first guide rod groove, 265-second guide rod groove, 27-first stop block, 28-second stop block, 29-first high-strength bolt and 30-second high-strength bolt.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples and the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative only and not limiting in nature, and thus do not limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 16, a self-resetting viscous damper based on combined springs comprises a viscous damping energy dissipation device, a spring resetting device and a force transmission device, wherein the force transmission device enables the viscous damping energy dissipation device and the spring resetting device to jointly participate in work. The viscous damping energy dissipation device is positioned in the middle of the self-resetting viscous damper and consists of a piston 13, a first guide sleeve 11, a second guide sleeve 14, a first damping end cover 10, a second damping end cover 15 and viscous damping liquid 12, wherein the viscous damping liquid 12 is silicon oil. The spring resetting devices comprise two spring resetting devices which are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the viscous damping energy consumption device, so that the damper is ensured to be stressed, pulled and pressed symmetrically. Each spring resetting device consists of an annular spring group, a disc spring group and a bearing plate, and the annular spring group and the disc spring group are connected in parallel, so that higher lateral stiffness and strength can be provided. The force transmission device comprises an outer force transmission component and an inner force transmission component, wherein the outer force transmission component comprises a viscous energy consumption steel cylinder 9, a first spring sleeve 5, a second spring sleeve 17, a second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder 22, a first compression nut 3, a second compression nut 23 and a second earring 25, and the inner force transmission component comprises a first earring 1, a guide rod 26, a first threaded sleeve 2, a second threaded sleeve 21, a first stop 27 and a second stop 28.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a viscous damping energy dissipation device. Viscous damping fluid 12 is filled in a closed cavity formed by the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9, the first guide sleeve 11 and the second guide sleeve 14, and throttling holes for the viscous damping fluid 12 to circulate are distributed on the piston 13 and are fixedly connected with the guide rod 26; the first guide sleeve 11 and the second guide sleeve 14 keep the guide rod 26 to move axially stably and are in sliding seal with the guide rod 26; the first damping end cover 10 and the second damping end cover 15 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9, the distance between the first damping end cover 10 and the left end face of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9 is larger than the sum of the stroke of the damper and the thickness of the first stop block 27, and the distance between the second damping end cover 15 and the right end face of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9 is larger than the sum of the stroke of the damper and the thickness of the second stop block 28.

Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic views of the configurations of the left spring return device and the right spring return device, respectively. The first annular spring group 6 and the second annular spring group 18 are formed by matching a plurality of identical outer circular rings with inner conical surfaces and inner circular rings with outer conical surfaces, the first spring sleeve 5 and the second spring sleeve 17 are respectively used as outer guide of the first annular spring group 6 and the second annular spring group 18, the inner diameter of the spring sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the annular spring group, and the gap between the spring sleeve and the annular spring group meets the requirement of a guide gap, so that the increase of the outer diameter of the annular spring group after loading is prevented from generating contact interference with the spring sleeve; the first disc-shaped spring group 7 and the second disc-shaped spring group 19 are formed by combining a plurality of same disc-shaped steel sheets in an overlapping or involuting mode, the guide rod 26 is used as inner guide of the first disc-shaped spring group 7 and the second disc-shaped spring group 19, the diameter of the guide rod 26 is smaller than the inner diameter of the disc-shaped spring group, the gap between the guide rod 26 and the disc-shaped spring group also meets the requirement of a guide gap, and the inner diameter of the loaded disc-shaped spring group is prevented from being reduced and from contacting and interfering with the guide rod 26; the inner diameter of the annular spring set is larger than the outer diameter of the disc spring set, and the gap between the annular spring set and the disc spring set meets the requirement that the annular spring set and the disc spring set are not contacted and interfered all the time after being pressed and deformed.

The first bearing plate 4, the second bearing plate 8, the third bearing plate 16 and the fourth bearing plate 20 are circular bearing plates with the same size and provided with circular holes in the centers, the outer diameters of the bearing plates are smaller than the inner diameter of the spring sleeve, and the diameter of the circular hole in the center of the bearing plate is larger than that of the guide rod 26, so that the bearing plates can slide relative to the spring sleeve and the guide rod 26.

Fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of an external force transmission member. The viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9 is a circular-section steel pipe with flanges fixedly connected to both ends thereof as shown in fig. 9a and 9b, and the first spring sleeve 5 and the second spring sleeve 17 have similar structures and are circular-section steel pipes with flanges fixedly connected to one ends thereof as shown in fig. 10a, 10b, 11a and 11 b; the inner diameters and the outer diameters of the first spring sleeve 5 and the second spring sleeve 17 are equal, and the inner diameters are larger than the outer diameter of the viscous energy consumption steel cylinder 9; the first spring sleeve 5 is connected with the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9 through a first high-strength bolt 29, and the second spring sleeve 17 is connected with the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9 through a second high-strength bolt 30.

The first compression nut 3 and the first spring sleeve 5 are connected through threads, and the pre-pressure in the first annular spring set 6 and the first disc spring set 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the screwing depth of the first compression nut 3 in the first spring sleeve 5; the second spring sleeve 17 and the second spring sleeve sub-sleeve 22 are likewise connected by means of a thread, and the preload in the second ring spring set 18 and the second disk spring set 19 can be adjusted by adjusting the engagement length between the second spring sleeve 17 and the second spring sleeve sub-sleeve 22. The second spring sleeve sub-cartridge 22 is constructed as shown in fig. 12a, 12 b. The second earring 25 and the second earring connecting bolt 24, the second earring connecting bolt 24 and the second compression nut 23, and the second compression nut 23 and the second spring sleeve sub-cylinder 22 are connected through threads.

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the inner force transmission member. As shown in fig. 13a and 13b, the guide rod 26 is a variable diameter round rod, the diameter of the first outer section 261 of the guide rod and the diameter of the second outer section 263 of the guide rod are smaller than the diameter of the middle section 262 of the guide rod, and the middle section 262 of the guide rod is provided with a first groove 264 and a second groove 265 which have the same width and depth; the first ear ring 1 and the first screw sleeve 2 are connected with the first outer section 261 of the guide rod by screw threads, and the structure of the first screw sleeve 2 is shown in fig. 14a and 14 b. The second screw sleeve 21 is connected with the second outer section 263 of the guide rod through a screw thread, and the structure of the second screw sleeve 21 is shown in fig. 15a and 15 b; the first stopper 27 and the second stopper 28 are both composed of two identical half ring members with grooves along the circumference, as shown in fig. 16, and after the two half ring members are inserted into the guide bar grooves, the shafts are arranged along the grooves of the half ring members and clamped by snap springs, so that the first stopper 27 and the second stopper 28 are respectively fixed at the guide bar first groove 264 and the guide bar second groove 265.

The specific process steps for applying the present invention are set forth below:

(1) assembling the viscous damping energy dissipation device: sequentially mounting a first guide sleeve 11 and a first damping end cover 10 at the left end of a viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9, then inserting a guide rod 26 fixed with a piston 13 into the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9 from the right end of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9, sequentially penetrating the first guide sleeve 11 and the first damping end cover 10, then injecting viscous damping fluid 12 into the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9, and sequentially mounting a second guide sleeve 14 and a second damping end cover 15 at the right end of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9 after the viscous damping fluid is filled;

(2) assembling a left spring resetting device: after the two half-ring members of the first stopper 27 are inserted into the guide bar first groove 264, they are clamped by a clamp spring through a shaft, and then the second stopper 28 is fixed in the guide bar second groove 265 in the same manner. Then, a second bearing plate 8, a first disc-shaped spring group 7, a first annular spring group 6 and a first bearing plate 4 are sequentially installed at the left end of the viscous damping energy consumption device, then the first compression nut 3 and the first spring sleeve 5 are connected into a whole through threads, the first spring sleeve 5 is jacked through a jack, pre-pressure is applied to the first disc-shaped spring group 7 and the first annular spring group 6 until a flange of the first spring sleeve 5 is jacked with a flange on the left side of the viscous energy consumption steel cylinder 9, the force of the jack is maintained unchanged, the high-strength bolt 29 is installed and tightened, so that the pre-pressure in the first disc-shaped spring group 7 and the pre-pressure in the first annular spring group 6 form self-balance in the damper, and finally the jack is removed and the first thread sleeve 2 and the first ear ring 1 are installed;

(3) assembling a right spring reset device: the third bearing plate 16, the second disc spring set 19, the second annular spring set 18 and the fourth bearing plate 20 are sequentially installed at the right end of the viscous damping energy consumption device, then the second spring sleeve 17 and the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder 22 are connected into a whole through threads, the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder 22 is jacked through a jack, pre-pressure is applied to the second disc spring set 19 and the second annular spring set 18 until a flange of the second spring sleeve 17 and a flange on the right side of the viscous energy consumption steel cylinder 9 are jacked tightly, the force of the jack is maintained unchanged, the high-strength bolt 30 is installed and screwed, so that the pre-pressure in the second disc spring set 19 and the pre-pressure in the second annular spring set 18 form self balance in the damper, finally the jack is removed, and the second thread sleeve 21, the second compression nut 23 and the second ear ring 25 are sequentially installed.

The working principle of the invention is explained below:

when the damper is pulled, as shown in fig. 7, the guide bar 26 moves to the left, the first pressure receiving plate 4 and the third pressure receiving plate 16 do not move because they are restricted by the first compression nut 3 and the viscous energy consuming steel cylinder 9, respectively, and the first stopper 27 and the second nut 21 fixed to the guide bar 26 move along with the movement of the guide bar 26 to move the second pressure receiving plate 8 and the fourth pressure receiving plate 20, respectively, to the left, so that the combined spring is compressed.

When the damper is pressed, the guide rod 26 moves to the right, the second bearing plate 8 and the fourth bearing plate 20 are not moved due to the restriction of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder 9 and the second spring sleeve sub-cylinder 22, respectively, as shown in fig. 8, and the first screw sleeve 2 and the second stopper 28 fixed to the guide rod 26 respectively move the first bearing plate 4 and the third bearing plate 16 to the right along with the movement of the guide rod 26, so that the combined spring is also pressed. Thus, relative movement of the outer and inner force transmitting members, whether in tension or compression, causes further compression of the first set of ring springs 6, first set of disc springs 7, second set of ring springs 18 and second set of disc springs 19, the resulting self-restoring force of the combination springs increasing with increasing compression deformation thereof, which also always urges the damper linkage 26 back to the initial equilibrium position. Meanwhile, the annular spring group and the disc spring group both have the characteristic of overload protection, and when the disc spring group or the annular spring group is completely compressed, the displacement of the guide rod 26 is limited due to the fact that the deformation of the spring is maximum, so that overload damage of the damper is avoided.

When the first annular spring group 6 and the second annular spring group 18 are compressed, the outer ring with the inner conical surface and the inner ring with the outer conical surface in the annular spring groups slide relatively along the matching conical surfaces, and a tangential friction force is generated on the sliding surfaces, and the tangential friction force can convert the energy input by the earthquake into heat energy for dissipation. When the first disc spring group 7 and the second disc spring group 19 are pressed, the disc-shaped steel sheets are deformed, the friction damping effect of the surfaces of the disc-shaped steel sheets can also dissipate part of the energy input by earthquake, and the energy dissipation effect is more obvious when the disc-shaped steel sheets are overlapped and combined. The damping force generated by the annular spring set and the disc spring set is independent of the load speed.

In short, when the guide rod is pulled or pressed, the bearing plate at the front end in the force-bearing direction of the two bearing plates of the spring resetting device is kept in place by the axial support of the external force transmission member, and the bearing plate at the rear end in the force-bearing direction can synchronously move along with the movement of the guide rod under the action of the thrust generated by the movement of the guide rod so as to extrude the resetting spring part and promote the resetting spring part to generate self-resetting resultant force so as to buffer the movement of the guide rod, and the spring resetting device automatically resets after the force on the guide rod is eliminated.

In other words, when the first and second spring return devices are in the initial state, as shown in fig. 1, the first stopper abuts against the second bearing plate, and the first nut passes through the first pressing nut and abuts against the first bearing plate; the second stop block abuts against the third bearing plate, and the second threaded sleeve abuts against the fourth bearing plate;

when the guide rod is pulled, as shown in fig. 7, the first threaded sleeve is separated from the first bearing plate, the first bearing plate is axially limited by the first compression nut, the first stop block pushes the second bearing plate to move towards the first bearing plate, and the combined spring of the first spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed; meanwhile, the third bearing plate carries out axial limiting through the inner wall of the barrel, the second stop block is separated from the third bearing plate, the second threaded sleeve pushes the fourth bearing plate to move towards the third bearing plate, and a combined spring of the second spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed;

when the guide rod is pressed, as shown in fig. 8, the second bearing plate axially limits through the inner wall of the cylinder body, the first stop block is separated from the second bearing plate, the first nut penetrates through the first pressing nut to push the first bearing plate to move towards the second bearing plate, and the combined spring of the first spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed; meanwhile, the fourth bearing plate is axially limited through the inner wall of the barrel, the second beam surge is separated from the fourth bearing plate, the second stopper pushes the third bearing plate to move towards the fourth bearing plate, and the combined spring of the second spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed.

Meanwhile, when the guide rod 26 reciprocates, the piston 13 is driven to reciprocate in the viscous energy-consumption steel cylinder 9, viscous damping liquid 12 on two sides of the piston 13 flows in the closed cavity through the throttling hole on the piston, so that large throttling resistance is generated, the energy input by the earthquake is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the damping force is increased along with the increase of the reciprocating speed of the guide rod 26.

In the working process of the self-resetting viscous damper, the viscous energy dissipation device plays a main energy dissipation role, and the spring resetting device enables the damper to have excellent self-resetting capability and makes up the defect that the energy dissipation capability of the viscous energy dissipation device is limited under low-frequency vibration. When the sum of initial pre-pressure applied by the spring resetting device is larger than the sum of initial internal friction of the damper and resetting resistance generated after the main body structure is subjected to plastic deformation, the damper and the main body structure can realize complete self-resetting; and when the sum of the initial pre-pressure applied by the spring resetting device is smaller than the sum of the initial internal friction force of the damper and the resetting resistance generated after the main body structure is subjected to plastic deformation, the residual deformation of the damper and the main body structure after the shock is reduced, and partial self-resetting is realized.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-resetting viscous damper based on a combined spring comprises a viscous damping energy consumption device, a spring resetting device and a force transmission device, wherein the viscous damping energy consumption device is linked with the spring resetting device through the force transmission device, and the force transmission device comprises an outer force transmission component and an inner force transmission component; outer power transmission component includes the barrel, and viscous damping power consumption device, spring resetting means all install in the barrel, and interior power transmission component includes the guide arm, and the guide arm is arranged along the axial of barrel to be connected fixedly, its characterized in that with viscous damping power consumption device: the spring resetting device comprises a resetting spring part and two bearing plates which are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the resetting spring part, and each bearing plate is sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod and can be movably arranged along the guide rod;

the two spring resetting devices are correspondingly a first spring resetting device and a second spring resetting device and are respectively positioned at the two axial sides of the viscous damping energy consumption device; two ends of the cylinder are provided with openings, and a first compression nut (3) and a second compression nut (23) are respectively and correspondingly installed at the two open ends of the cylinder;

the cylinder body is arranged in a segmented manner and is sequentially segmented into a first spring sleeve (5), a viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9), a second spring sleeve (17) and a second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder (22);

the viscous damping energy dissipation device is arranged in a viscous energy dissipation steel cylinder (9), and the first spring return device and the second spring return device are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the first spring sleeve (5) and the second spring sleeve (17);

one end of the guide rod is exposed out of the outer side of the first compression nut (3) and is connected with the first earring (1), and the other end of the guide rod sequentially passes through the first spring resetting device, the viscous damping energy dissipation device and the second spring resetting device and then is positioned in the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder (22);

2. The unitized spring-based self-resetting viscous damper of claim 1, wherein: the reset spring part is a combined spring and comprises an annular spring group and a disc spring group, the disc spring group comprises a plurality of disc springs, each disc spring is sequentially sleeved on the periphery of a guide rod between two bearing plates and can realize internal guide through the guide rod, the annular spring group is sleeved on the periphery of the disc spring group and can realize external guide through the inner wall of the barrel, the inner diameter of the annular spring group is larger than the outer diameter of the disc spring group, and meanwhile, a gap between the annular spring group and the disc spring group meets the requirement that the annular spring group and the disc spring group can always avoid contact interference after being deformed under pressure; the two axial ends of the disk spring set and the annular spring set are correspondingly abutted against the two bearing plates.

3. The unitized spring-based self-resetting viscous damper of claim 2, wherein: the first spring sleeve (5), the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9), the second spring sleeve (17) and the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder (22) are mutually independent components, and the first spring sleeve (5), the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9), the second spring sleeve (17) and the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder (22) are sequentially spliced to form the cylinder body;

at the splicing position of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9) and the first spring sleeve (5), the outer diameter of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9) is smaller than the inner diameter of the first spring sleeve (5), so that the two pressure-bearing plates of the first spring resetting device in an initial state can be axially limited by the first compression nut and the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9) respectively;

at the splicing position of the viscous energy consumption steel cylinder (9) and the second spring sleeve (17), the outer diameter of the viscous energy consumption steel cylinder (9) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second spring sleeve (17), so that the two pressure bearing plates of the second spring resetting device in the initial state can be axially limited through the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder (22) and the viscous energy consumption steel cylinder (9).

4. The unitized spring-based self-resetting viscous damper of claim 3, wherein: flanges are arranged at the two ends of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9) and correspond to the flange a and the flange b;

one end of the first spring sleeve (5) is provided with a flange plate c butted with the flange plate a, and the other end of the first spring sleeve is connected with the first compression nut in a threaded connection mode; when the first spring resetting device is in an initial state, the bearing plate on one side is tightly propped against the inner side surface of the first compression nut, and the bearing plate on the other side is tightly propped against the end face of one end, connected with the flange a, of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9);

one end of the second spring sleeve (17) is provided with a flange d butted with the flange b, and the other end of the second spring sleeve is connected with the second spring sleeve auxiliary barrel (22) in a threaded connection mode; when the second spring resetting device is in an initial state, the bearing plate on one side is tightly propped against the end face of the inner side of the second spring sleeve auxiliary cylinder (22), and the bearing plate on the other side is tightly propped against the end face of one end, connected with the flange b, of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9).

5. The unitized spring-based self-resetting viscous damper of claim 3, wherein: the viscous damping energy consumption device is a viscous energy consumption piston assembly and comprises a first damping end cover (10), a piston (13), a second damping end cover (15) and viscous damping liquid (12);

the first damping end cover (10) and the second damping end cover (15) are sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod (26) at intervals and are fixed with the inner wall of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9) respectively to form a closed cavity, and the viscous damping fluid (12) is filled in the closed cavity;

the piston (13) is arranged between the first damping end cover (10) and the second damping end cover (15) and is fixed with the guide rod;

meanwhile, throttle holes for viscous damping fluid (12) to circulate are distributed on the piston (13);

the guide rod is provided with a first threaded sleeve (2), a second threaded sleeve (21), a first stop block (27) and a second stop block (28);

the two bearing plates of the first spring resetting device, the bearing plate arranged on the outer side is a first bearing plate (4), and the bearing plate arranged on the inner side is a second bearing plate (8); the two bearing plates of the second spring resetting device, the bearing plate arranged on the inner side is a third bearing plate (16), and the bearing plate arranged on the outer side is a fourth bearing plate (20);

the first stop block (27) is arranged between the second bearing plate (8) and the first damping end cover (10), and the first threaded sleeve (2) is arranged on the outer side of the first bearing plate (4); the second stop block (28) is arranged between the third bearing plate (16) and the second damping end cover (15), and the second threaded sleeve (21) is arranged on the outer side of the fourth bearing plate (20);

when the first spring resetting device and the second spring resetting device are in an initial state, the first stop block (27) abuts against the second bearing plate (8), and the first threaded sleeve (2) penetrates through the first compression nut (3) and then abuts against the first bearing plate (4); the second stop block (28) abuts against the third bearing plate (16), and the second threaded sleeve (21) abuts against the fourth bearing plate (20);

when the guide rod is pulled, the first threaded sleeve (2) is separated from the first bearing plate (4), the first bearing plate (4) is axially limited through the first compression nut (3), the first stop block (27) pushes the second bearing plate (8) to move towards the first bearing plate (4), and the combined spring of the first spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed; meanwhile, the third bearing plate (16) is axially limited through the right end face of the viscous energy consumption steel cylinder (9), the second stop block (28) is separated from the third bearing plate, the second threaded sleeve (21) pushes the fourth bearing plate to move towards the third bearing plate, and the combined spring of the second spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed;

when the guide rod is pressed, the second bearing plate (8) is axially limited through the left end face of the viscous energy-consuming steel cylinder (9), the first stop block (27) is separated from the second bearing plate (8), the first threaded sleeve (2) penetrates through the first compression nut (3) and pushes the first bearing plate (4) to move towards the second bearing plate (8), and the combined spring of the first spring resetting device is pressed to generate self-resetting resultant force; meanwhile, the fourth bearing plate (20) is axially limited through the end face of the inner side of the second spring sleeve auxiliary barrel (22), the second threaded sleeve (21) is separated from the fourth bearing plate (20), the second stop block (28) pushes the third bearing plate (16) to move towards the fourth bearing plate (20), and the combined spring of the second spring resetting device generates self-resetting resultant force after being pressed.

6. The unitized spring-based self-resetting viscous damper of claim 5, wherein: a first guide sleeve (11) is arranged between the piston and the first damping end cover (10), a second guide sleeve (14) is arranged between the piston and the second damping end cover (15), and sliding seals are formed between the first guide sleeve (11) and the guide rod and between the second guide sleeve (14) and the guide rod.

7. The unitized spring-based self-resetting viscous damper of claim 6, wherein: the guide rod (26) is a variable-diameter round rod and comprises a guide rod middle section (262), a guide rod first outer side section (261) and a guide rod second outer side section (263), wherein the guide rod first outer side section (261) and the guide rod second outer side section (263) are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide rod middle section (262); the diameters of the outer sections of the first guide rod and the second guide rod are smaller than the diameter of the middle section (262) of the guide rod; a first groove (264) and a second groove (265) are respectively arranged on the middle section (262) of the guide rod; the first stopper (27) is fitted in the first recess (264), and the second stopper (28) is fitted in the second recess (265).

8. A unitized spring-based self-resetting viscous damper according to claim 7, further comprising: the first stop block (27) and the second stop block (28) are both composed of two identical half ring pieces with grooves formed along the circumference, after the two half ring pieces are inserted into the grooves of the guide rod, shafts are arranged along the grooves of the half ring pieces to clamp the half ring pieces through snap springs, and the first stop block (27) and the second stop block (28) are respectively fixed at the first groove (264) of the guide rod and the second groove (265) of the guide rod.

9. The unitized spring-based self-resetting viscous damper of claim 3, wherein: the annular spring group is formed by matching a plurality of identical outer circular rings with inner conical surfaces and inner circular rings with outer conical surfaces; the disc spring group is formed by combining a plurality of same disc-shaped steel sheets in an overlapping or involutory mode;

the annular spring group of the first spring resetting device is a first annular spring group (6), and the disc spring group of the first spring resetting device is a first disc spring group (7); the annular spring group of the second spring resetting device is a second annular spring group (18), and the belleville spring group of the second spring resetting device is a second belleville spring group (19);

the first spring sleeve (5) is used for guiding the first annular spring group (6) outwards, the inner diameter of the first spring sleeve (5) is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular spring group (6), and meanwhile the gap between the first spring sleeve (5) and the first annular spring group (6) meets the requirement of a guide gap;

the second spring sleeve (17) is used for guiding the second annular spring set (18) outwards, the inner diameter of the second spring sleeve (17) is larger than the outer diameter of the second annular spring set (18), and meanwhile the gap between the second spring sleeve (17) and the second annular spring set (18) meets the requirement of a guide gap;

the guide rod (26) is used as the inner guide of the first disc spring set (7) and the second disc spring set (19); the diameter of the guide rod (26) is smaller than the inner diameter of the disc spring set, and the gap between the guide rod (26) and the disc spring set also meets the requirement of a guide gap.