Preparation method of biological adhesion-resistant super-hydrophobic suspension
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of super-hydrophobic materials, in particular to a preparation method of an anti-bioadhesion super-hydrophobic suspension.
Background
The microorganisms such as protein, bacteria and algae are easy to breed and propagate on the surface of the material, and seriously threaten the life and health of people. According to literature data, the property loss caused by biological adhesion is nearly billion yuan every year around the world, and the number of deaths caused by bacterial infection is nearly millions every year around the world. The loss and harm caused by the growth and mass propagation of microorganisms such as protein, bacteria and algae in the aspects of industrial production, environmental protection, food safety and sanitation are not small and varied.
In recent years, the super-hydrophobic surface has attracted wide attention because of the advantages of hydrophobicity, self-cleaning, ice coating prevention, corrosion prevention, pollution prevention and the like. The superhydrophobic surface refers to a surface on which water has a contact angle of more than 150 ° and a sliding angle of less than 10 °, and the surface has characteristics of low contact area with water and low adhesion. Therefore, the super-hydrophobic material has great prospect in many fields.
The super-hydrophobic surface has low surface energy and high contact angle, and can effectively reduce the adhesion between microorganisms and the surface of a material. However, when exposed to a humid environment for a long period of time, there is a risk of wetting, and microorganisms may attach to the surface to form a biofilm, thereby losing anti-bioadhesive properties. Therefore, an antibacterial agent can be introduced into the superhydrophobic material to obtain a superhydrophobic bioadhesive surface that can weaken the adhesion of microorganisms on a substrate and has bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties, thereby achieving "double-insurance" long-lasting bioadhesive properties. Thus, the synergistic effect of adhesion reduction by hydrophobicity, anti-bioadhesive sterilization is one of the important approaches to the construction of highly effective anti-bioadhesive coatings. Current methods for constructing superhydrophobicity generally have two approaches: (1) the first method is to construct a rough structure on the surface, such as chemical deposition, etching, template, nanoparticle addition, self-assembly, etc.; (2) the second is to modify the surface with low surface energy materials such as silanes and fluorine-containing materials. Although many methods for constructing the superhydrophobic surface exist at present, the methods for constructing the superhydrophobic surface by many methods are complex in process and expensive in equipment, and are not beneficial to large-scale preparation and application of the superhydrophobic surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an anti-bioadhesion super-hydrophobic suspension, the super-hydrophobic suspension of an oxide with low surface energy and a rough micro-nano structure is prepared by a simple process, and the super-hydrophobic surface of the suspension can be constructed on the surface of a substrate by a simple spraying process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing an anti-bioadhesive superhydrophobic suspension comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a nano oxide mixed solution: dispersing nano oxides into a solvent to form a nano oxide mixed solution;
(2) dispersing and modifying the mixed solution of the nano oxides: adding a dispersion modifier into the nano oxide mixed solution and stirring to form a dispersion modified nano oxide mixed solution;
(3) hydrophobic modification of the mixed solution of the nano oxides: adding a hydrophobic modifier into the dispersion modified nano oxide mixed solution and stirring to form a hydrophobic modified nano oxide mixed solution;
(4) and (3) suction filtration and drying: carrying out suction filtration on the hydrophobically modified nano oxide mixed solution, and drying after the suction filtration is finished to obtain a modified nano oxide;
(5) preparing a nano oxide suspension: and dispersing the modified nano oxide into an organic solvent to obtain the bioadhesive super-hydrophobic suspension.
Further, the preparation of the mixed solution of the nano oxides in the step (1): the nano oxide is selected from any one of nano zinc oxide, nano silicon dioxide and nano titanium dioxide, the particle size of the nano oxide is 90 nanometers and 30 nanometers, and the mass ratio of the oxide with the particle size of 90 nanometers to the oxide with the particle size of 30 nanometers is (0.5-1): 1; the solvent is a mixture of deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol; the dispersion is ultrasonic oscillation dispersion, the temperature of the ultrasonic oscillation dispersion is 30-50 ℃, and the time of the ultrasonic oscillation dispersion is 20-30 minutes. Preferably, the mass ratio of the oxide with the particle size of 90 nanometers to the oxide with the particle size of 30 nanometers is 1: 1. preferably, the temperature for ultrasonic vibration dispersion is 40 ℃ and the time for ultrasonic vibration dispersion is 30 minutes.
Further, preparing a mixed solution of nano oxides: dispersing 2.0-5.0g of nano oxide into the solvent by ultrasonic oscillation to form a nano oxide mixed solution; the solvent is a mixture of 1-10mL of deionized water and 40-60mL of absolute ethyl alcohol. Preferably, the addition amount of the nano oxide is 4.0g, the addition amount of the deionized water is 5mL, and the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 50 mL.
Further, the dispersion modification of the mixed solution of the nano oxides in the step (2): adding 100-400 mu L of dispersion modifier into the nano oxide mixed solution and magnetically stirring to form dispersion modified nano oxide mixed solution; the temperature of the magnetic stirring is 30-50 ℃, the stirring speed is 500-800rpm, and the stirring time is 0.5-2 hours. Preferably, the amount of dispersion modifier added is 200. mu.L. Preferably, the temperature of the magnetic stirring is 45 ℃, the stirring speed is 600rpm, and the stirring time is 1 hour.
Further, the dispersion modifier is gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH 550); the magnetic stirring adopts a heat collection type constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer or a water bath magnetic stirrer. Specifically, the dispersion modifier is a silane coupling agent KH 550.
Further, the hydrophobic modification of the mixed solution of the nano oxides in the step (3): adding 100-400 mu L of hydrophobic modifier into the dispersion modified nano oxide mixed solution and magnetically stirring to form hydrophobic modified nano oxide mixed solution; the temperature of the magnetic stirring is 30-50 ℃, the stirring speed is 500-800rpm, and the stirring time is 3-5 hours. Preferably, the amount of hydrophobic modifier added is 200. mu.L. Preferably, the temperature of the magnetic stirring is 45 ℃, the stirring speed is 600rpm, and the stirring time is 4 hours.
Further, the hydrophobic modifier is selected from one of perfluorooctyl trimethoxy silane or perfluorodecyl triethoxy silane; the magnetic stirring adopts a heat collection type constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer or a water bath magnetic stirrer. The hydrophobic modifier is also a silane coupling agent.
Further, the drying temperature in the step (4) is 60-100 ℃, and the drying time is 6-10 hours. Specifically, the drying is carried out in a forced air drying oven, the preferred drying temperature is 70 ℃, and the drying time is 8 hours.
Further, the mass volume ratio of the modified nano oxide to the organic solvent in the step (5) is 0.01-0.2 g/mL; the dispersion is ultrasonic oscillation dispersion.
Further, the organic solvent is acetone; the temperature of the ultrasonic oscillation dispersion is 30-50 ℃, and the ultrasonic oscillation time is 25-30 minutes.
According to the invention, the low surface energy substance is modified on the surface of the nano oxide and is mixed with the solvent to prepare the super-hydrophobic suspension, and the super-hydrophobic surface can be constructed on the surface of the substrate by the suspension through a simple spraying process. The suspension can also be sprayed on polymer resin, such as polyurethane, epoxy resin, acrylic resin and the like, and the modified nano oxide can be more firmly bonded on the polymer resin through the connection effect of the silane coupling agent. The suspension can also be mixed and stirred with polymer resin, the solvent of the suspension is acetone, the polymer resin and the nano oxide can be uniformly dispersed in the suspension, and the sprayed super-hydrophobic surface is more uniformly and compactly combined. The super-hydrophobic suspension is beneficial to large-scale manufacturing and application of the super-hydrophobic surface.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to an anti-bioadhesive super-hydrophobic suspensionThe floating liquid can be used for carrying out simple spraying treatment on the surface of the material, so that the surface of the material can achieve high-efficiency biological adhesion resistance, and is particularly effective in resisting biological adhesion on the surface of some dark and damp materials. The invention utilizes the low surface energy and special wettability of the super-hydrophobic surface, can effectively reduce the adhesion between bacteria and the material surface, introduces the nano oxide as an antibacterial agent, ensures that nano oxide particles can absorb ultraviolet light to excite valence band electrons to a conduction band to generate photoproduction hole-electron pairs, and reduces oxygen dissolved in air moisture by electrons to generate H2O2Or O2High activity strong oxidant, and can kill and decompose bacteria. The high-efficiency anti-biological adhesion coating is constructed through the synergistic effects of hydrophobicity adhesion reduction and antibacterial agent sterilization.
(2) The invention prepares the super-hydrophobic suspension of the oxide with low surface energy and a rough micro-nano structure by a simple process, the suspension can form a super-hydrophobic surface on the surface of the substrate by a simple spraying process, the process equipment is simple, and the large-scale preparation and application of the super-hydrophobic surface are facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows the results of contact angle measurements of superhydrophobic coatings prepared in test example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a superhydrophobic coating prepared in test example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a contact angle measurement result of a superhydrophobic coating prepared in test example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of a superhydrophobic coating prepared according to test example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the contact angle measurement results of the superhydrophobic coating prepared in test example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of a superhydrophobic coating prepared in test example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for preparing an anti-bioadhesive superhydrophobic suspension comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a nano zinc oxide mixed solution: dispersing 2.0g of zinc oxide with the particle size of 30 nanometers and 2.0g of zinc oxide with the particle size of 90 nanometers into 50mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, then dropwise adding 5mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic oscillation dispersion at 40 ℃ for 30 minutes to form the nano zinc oxide mixed solution;
(2) dispersing and modifying the mixed solution of the nano zinc oxide: adding 200 mu L of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (dispersion modifier) into the nano zinc oxide mixed solution, and magnetically stirring for 1 hour at the speed of 600rpm at the temperature of 45 ℃ by adopting a heat collection type constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer to form dispersion modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution;
(3) hydrophobic modification of the nano zinc oxide mixed solution: adding 200 mu L of perfluorooctyl trimethoxy silane (hydrophobic modifier) into the dispersed and modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution, and magnetically stirring for 4 hours at the speed of 600rpm at the temperature of 45 ℃ by adopting a heat collection type constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer to form the hydrophobically modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution;
(4) and (3) suction filtration and drying: carrying out suction filtration on the hydrophobically modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution, putting the nano zinc oxide mixed solution into a forced air drying oven after the suction filtration is finished, and drying the nano zinc oxide mixed solution for 8 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain modified nano zinc oxide;
(5) preparing a nano zinc oxide suspension: dispersing 4.0g of the modified nano zinc oxide into 50mL of acetone, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic oscillation dispersion at 40 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain the biological adhesion resistant super-hydrophobic suspension.
Test example 1
The super-hydrophobic suspension obtained in example 1 was sprayed on a substrate using a spray gun and naturally dried for 24 hours to obtain a super-hydrophobic coating. The contact angle detection and the microscopic morphology observation (SEM) are respectively carried out on the prepared super-hydrophobic coating, and the contact angle of the super-hydrophobic coating is larger than 150 degrees as shown in figures 1 and 2, so that the surface of the substrate has a microscopically rough structure.
Example 2
A method for preparing an anti-bioadhesive superhydrophobic suspension comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a nano zinc oxide mixed solution: dispersing 2.0g of zinc oxide with the particle size of 30 nanometers and 1.0g of zinc oxide with the particle size of 90 nanometers into 40mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, then dropwise adding 2mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic oscillation dispersion at 30 ℃ for 25 minutes to form the nano zinc oxide mixed solution;
(2) dispersing and modifying the mixed solution of the nano zinc oxide: adding 100 mu L of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (dispersion modifier) into the nano zinc oxide mixed solution, and magnetically stirring for 2 hours at 35 ℃ and 800rpm by adopting a water bath magnetic stirrer to form dispersion modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution;
(3) hydrophobic modification of the nano zinc oxide mixed solution: adding 400 mu L of perfluorooctyl trimethoxy silane (hydrophobic modifier) into the dispersed and modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution, and magnetically stirring for 5 hours at 35 ℃ and 800rpm by adopting a heat collection type constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer to form the hydrophobically modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution;
(4) and (3) suction filtration and drying: carrying out suction filtration on the hydrophobically modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution, putting the nano zinc oxide mixed solution into a blast drying oven after the suction filtration is finished, and drying the nano zinc oxide mixed solution for 6 hours at 90 ℃ to obtain modified nano zinc oxide;
(5) preparing a nano zinc oxide suspension: 3.0g of the modified nano zinc oxide is dispersed in 60mL of acetone, evenly stirred and dispersed for 25 minutes at 50 ℃ by ultrasonic oscillation, thus obtaining the biological adhesion resistant super-hydrophobic suspension.
Test example 2
The super-hydrophobic suspension obtained in the above example 2 was sprayed on a layer of the freshly brushed polyurethane paint by a spray gun, and naturally dried for 24 hours to obtain a super-hydrophobic coating. The contact angle detection and the microscopic morphology observation (SEM) are respectively carried out on the obtained super-hydrophobic coating, and the results of the images in figures 3 and 4 show that the contact angle of the coating is more than 150 degrees, the surface of the coating has a micro rough structure, the bonding with resin is firmer, and the coating has a net structure.
Example 3
A method for preparing an anti-bioadhesive superhydrophobic suspension comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a nano zinc oxide mixed solution: dispersing 2.5g of zinc oxide with the particle size of 30 nanometers and 2.5g of zinc oxide with the particle size of 90 nanometers into 60mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, then dropwise adding 10mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic oscillation dispersion at 50 ℃ for 30 minutes to form the nano zinc oxide mixed solution;
(2) dispersing and modifying the mixed solution of the nano zinc oxide: adding 400 mu L of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (dispersion modifier) into the nano zinc oxide mixed solution, and magnetically stirring for 0.5 hour at the speed of 500rpm at the temperature of 45 ℃ by adopting a heat collection type constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer to form dispersion modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution;
(3) hydrophobic modification of the nano zinc oxide mixed solution: adding 100 mu L of perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane (hydrophobic modifier) into the dispersed and modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution, and magnetically stirring for 3 hours at 40 ℃ and 500rpm by adopting a heat collection type constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer to form the hydrophobically modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution;
(4) and (3) suction filtration and drying: carrying out suction filtration on the hydrophobically modified nano zinc oxide mixed solution, putting the nano zinc oxide mixed solution into a forced air drying oven after the suction filtration is finished, and drying the nano zinc oxide mixed solution for 10 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain modified nano zinc oxide;
(5) preparing a nano zinc oxide suspension: dispersing 5.0g of the modified nano zinc oxide into 30mL of acetone, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic oscillation dispersion at 30 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain the biological adhesion resistant super-hydrophobic suspension.
Test example 3
And pouring the polyurethane paint into the super-hydrophobic suspension obtained in the example 3, mixing and stirring uniformly, spraying the suspension on the surface of the base material by using a spray gun, and naturally drying for 24 hours to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating. The contact angle detection and the microscopic morphology observation are carried out on the obtained super-hydrophobic coating, and referring to fig. 5 and 6, the contact angle of the coating is more than 150 degrees, the surface microscopic has a rough structure, the bonding with resin is firm, and a large number of compact network structures are formed.
The above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention. Obvious variations or modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.