CN113201161B - PVC decorative material for durably and efficiently purifying formaldehyde and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
PVC decorative material for durably and efficiently purifying formaldehyde and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113201161B CN113201161B CN202110437884.7A CN202110437884A CN113201161B CN 113201161 B CN113201161 B CN 113201161B CN 202110437884 A CN202110437884 A CN 202110437884A CN 113201161 B CN113201161 B CN 113201161B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
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- C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a PVC decorative material for durably and efficiently purifying formaldehyde and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the PVC decorative material comprises a PVC base film, a printing layer, a functional coating layer, a curing layer and a functional composite coating are sequentially covered above the PVC base film, and a protective film layer is covered below the PVC base film; the raw materials of the cured layer comprise a curing agent, and the raw materials of the functional composite coating comprise the raw materials of the functional coating layer and the curing agent. According to the PVC decorative material, the curing agent solution is added between the primary coating and the secondary coating and between the secondary coating and the functional composite coating, so that the dispersion uniformity among molecules of the coating solution is effectively improved, the specific surface area of the coating is increased, the formaldehyde purification efficiency and the formaldehyde purification durability of the PVC decorative material are high, and the surface functional coating of the decorative material is uniformly distributed and has high consistency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of decorative materials, and particularly relates to a PVC decorative material capable of purifying formaldehyde durably and efficiently, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the improvement of the consumption capability of residents, the decoration and house change probability is greatly increased, and although pollution and health problems caused by home decoration are more and more concerned, a comprehensive and systematic home health guidance scheme is always lacked in the consumption market for a long time. Among decoration pollutants, formaldehyde has the most serious harm to human bodies and the longest incubation period, is a main cause of the malformation of newborns, the leukemia of children, the memory and the intelligence decline of teenagers, and is determined as a carcinogenic and teratogenic substance by WHO (world health organization). Chronic poisoning can be caused by long-term exposure to low-dose formaldehyde, and diseases of respiratory system, nervous system, reproductive system and the like can be caused. Long-term inhalation of pregnant women can cause pregnancy syndrome, fetal malformation and even death, female menstrual disorder and children's intelligence decline; long-term inhalation by men can lead to teratospermia, death, etc.
PVC, the full name is Polyvinylchlorid, the principal ingredients are polyvinyl chloride, it is a non-toxic, pollution-free, long-lasting synthetic material that is deeply loved, very popular and widely used in the world today. It is widely applied to industries such as building materials, packaging, medicines and the like. The real estate industry arose, and surface decoration materials enter a rapid development period, wherein thin film materials such as PVC thin films, PET thin films, composite thin films and the like occupy the leading position of the market of novel surface decoration materials due to simple production process, various surface decoration patterns and effects, simple use method and high cost performance. The PVC film has good wear resistance, good corrosion resistance, high quality and low price, is developed rapidly, and is widely applied to the fields of indoor and furniture decoration, decoration industry, airplane inner cabin film, ship cabin film and the like. The surface of the decorated object can obtain higher hardness, and the surface is prevented from being artificially scratched, scratched or collided, so that the decorated object is better protected, and the service life of the decorated object is prolonged; secondly, it can also make the ornamental have high temperature resistance characteristic, prevents the surface scald, in addition, PVC not only can show the colour of nature, can also show the colour in people's illusion. The building material industry accounts for 60% of the maximum proportion, the packaging industry is the second one, and other industries with small application range are also provided. With the development of society, the quality of the household life of the consumers is higher and higher. In order to create a comfortable, environment-friendly and beautiful indoor environment, various novel indoor decoration materials are produced, and various patterns can be randomly imitated on the surface of a PVC decoration film printed on the surface of the PVC decoration film. As a novel decorative material, the decorative material has many characteristics and wide application range, is commonly adopted in decoration engineering, and the decorative materials are only changed on the appearance of the material. Along with the rapid upgrade of the terminal market of the home industry, the requirements for the indoor environment quality are increasingly improved, indoor functional materials are produced at the same time, and the aspects of selection, application, popularization and the like of materials for purifying indoor formaldehyde also become important points of attention of people, but the existing PVC decorative material still has the defects that the purification durability and the purification efficiency cannot be considered in the aspect of purifying the formaldehyde.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. Therefore, the PVC decorative material for durably and efficiently purifying formaldehyde and the preparation method and the application thereof are provided, the PVC decorative material has high formaldehyde purification efficiency and high formaldehyde purification durability, and the surface functional coating of the decorative material is uniformly distributed and has high consistency.
According to one aspect of the invention, the PVC decorative material comprises a PVC base film, wherein a printing layer, a functional coating layer, a cured layer and a functional composite coating are sequentially coated above the PVC base film, and a protective film layer is coated below the PVC base film; the raw materials of the cured layer comprise a curing agent, and the raw materials of the functional composite coating comprise a raw material of the functional coating layer and the curing agent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional coating layer comprises the following raw materials: polyurethane, solvent, supermolecular cage-shaped polysiloxane, formaldehyde purifying agent, polyether polyol, silane coupling agent and thickening agent. The supermolecule poly cage-shaped siloxane mainly plays a role in film forming, the polyether polyol has the functions of defoaming, wetting, emulsifying and the like, and the silane coupling agent enables the coating to have good hydrophilicity, liquid absorption, air permeability and compatibility.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials of the functional coating layer are calculated by the following parts by weight: 45-80 parts of polyurethane, 10-20 parts of solvent, 0.2-1 part of supramolecular cage-shaped polysiloxane, 0.2-1.5 parts of formaldehyde purifying agent, 0.2-1 part of polyether polyol, 0.2-1 part of silane coupling agent and 0.5-2 parts of thickening agent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cured layer comprises the following parts by weight of raw materials: 3-5 parts of curing agent and 95-97 parts of solvent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the functional composite coating comprises the following raw materials: polyurethane, a solvent, supramolecular poly cage siloxane, a formaldehyde purifying agent, polyether polyol, a silane coupling agent, a thickening agent and a curing agent.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials of the functional composite coating layer are calculated by the following parts by weight: 45-80 parts of polyurethane, 10-20 parts of solvent, 0.2-1 part of supramolecular cage-shaped polysiloxane, 0.2-1.5 parts of formaldehyde purifying agent, 0.2-1 part of polyether polyol, 0.2-1 part of silane coupling agent, 0.5-2 parts of thickening agent and 3-5 parts of curing agent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the formaldehyde scavenger is β - (1, 4) -2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose.
In some embodiments of the invention, the curative is at least one of curative 871 or curative CL 001.
In some embodiments of the invention, the solvent is absolute ethanol.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the protective film is one of PE, PVC or PET film.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the PVC decorative material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the raw materials of the functional coating layer to obtain a functional coating solution, mixing the raw materials of the curing layer to obtain a curing agent solution, and mixing the raw materials of the functional composite coating to obtain a composite coating solution;
s2, printing the PVC base film to obtain a printing layer;
s3, coating the functional coating solution on the printing layer to obtain a first-stage coated functional coating layer, and coating the curing agent solution to obtain a first-stage cured curing layer;
s4, coating the functional coating solution on the primary cured curing layer again to obtain a secondary coated functional coating layer, and coating the curing agent solution to obtain a secondary cured curing layer;
s5, coating the composite coating solution on the cured layer subjected to secondary curing to obtain a functional composite coating;
and S6, pressing and sticking a protective film on the PVC bottom film to form a protective film layer, thus obtaining the PVC decorative material.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the solution used for coating is 25 to 40 ℃ in each of steps S3 to S5.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional coating layer and/or the functional composite coating layer is applied in an amount of 0.2 to 0.3g/cm 2 。
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the pressing in step S6 is 100-200 ℃.
The invention also provides application of the PVC decorative material in furniture, wall or floor decoration.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least the following advantages are achieved:
1. the invention carries out the dispersed hole distribution of the functional coating solution through the primary coating, then leads the functional coating layer to be uniformly dispersed through the secondary coating, and fills the gaps of the coating after the primary coating, thereby effectively increasing the specific surface area of the coating; the absorption of the coating liquid is promoted and the coating pores are adjusted through the curing treatment of the curing agent solution, and the pore gaps among the coating solution molecules are further optimized through the functional composite coating.
2. According to the invention, the curing agent solution coating is added between the primary coating and the secondary coating and between the secondary coating and the functional composite coating, so that the gaps among the pore diameters in the functional coating solution can be reduced, the dispersion uniformity among the molecules of the coating solution can be effectively improved, the generation of too many ineffective pores (the holes at the positions where the formaldehyde purifying agent is distributed too little or does not contain the formaldehyde purifying agent molecules are ineffective pores without formaldehyde purifying effect) on the surface of the decorative material in the coating process can be prevented, the uniform distribution of the pore diameters of the coating in the coating process can be ensured, and the specific surface area of the coating can be increased. The coating curing agent can be adsorbed on the inner surface of the ineffective hole to form a complete and compact film, so that the subsequent dispersion filling of coating solution molecules is facilitated, and the coating layer with uniform pore diameter and proper density can be finally obtained after two coating and curing treatments, so that the specific surface area of the coating layer is effectively increased, the occurrence probability of the ineffective hole in the coating process is reduced, the formaldehyde purification efficiency of the PVC decorative material is improved, the formaldehyde purification durability is high, and the surface functional coating of the decorative material is uniformly distributed and has high consistency.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a PVC decorative material according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Reference numerals: a PVC bottom film 100, a printing layer 200, a functional coating layer 300, a curing layer 400, a functional composite coating 500 and a protective film 600.
Detailed Description
The idea of the invention and the resulting technical effects will be clearly and completely described below in connection with the embodiments, so that the objects, features and effects of the invention can be fully understood. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment prepares a PVC decorative material for durably and efficiently purifying formaldehyde, and the specific process is as follows:
s1, preparing a coating liquid:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a functional coating solution: 45 parts of polyurethane, 10 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.2 part of supermolecular cage-shaped polysiloxane, 0.5 part of formaldehyde purifying agent, 0.2 part of polyether polyol, 0.2 part of silane coupling agent and 0.5 part of thickening agent;
(2) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a curing agent solution: 3 parts of curing agent and 97 parts of solvent;
(3) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a composite coating solution: 45 parts of polyurethane, 10 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.2 part of supermolecular cage-shaped polysiloxane, 0.5 part of formaldehyde purifying agent, 0.2 part of polyether polyol, 0.2 part of silane coupling agent, 0.5 part of thickening agent and 3 parts of curing agent;
s2, pretreatment: printing the PVC base film to obtain a printing layer;
s3, primary coating and curing treatment: coating a functional coating solution with the temperature of 25 ℃ on the printing layer, wherein the coating amount is 0.2g/cm 2 To obtain a first-stage coating functional coating layer, and then coating a curing agent solution at 25 ℃ to obtain a first-stage cured curing layer;
s4, secondary coating and curing treatment: the functional coating solution was again applied to the first-order cured layer at 25 ℃ in an amount of 0.2g/cm 2 To obtain a second-stage coating functional coating layer, and then coating a curing agent solution with the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a second-stage cured curing layer;
s5, composite coating: coating the two-stage cured layer with a 25 deg.C composite coating solution in an amount of 0.2g/cm 2 Obtaining a functional composite coating;
s6, placing the decorative material subjected to composite coating at a press roller of a laminating machine, and pressing and pasting a layer of protective film at the pressing and pasting temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain the PVC decorative material capable of purifying formaldehyde durably and efficiently.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the decorative material of this embodiment has a total of 8 layers, which are, from bottom to top, a protective film layer 600, a PVC base film 100, a print layer 200, a functional coating layer 300, a cured layer 400 and a functional composite coating layer 500.
Example 2
The embodiment prepares a PVC decorative material for durably and efficiently purifying formaldehyde, and the specific process is as follows:
s1, preparing a coating liquid:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a functional coating solution: 60 parts of polyurethane, 15 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.6 part of supermolecular cage-shaped polysiloxane, 1 part of formaldehyde purifying agent, 0.6 part of polyether polyol, 0.6 part of silane coupling agent and 1 part of thickening agent;
(2) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a curing agent solution: 4 parts of curing agent and 96 parts of solvent;
(3) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a composite coating solution: 60 parts of polyurethane, 15 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.6 part of supermolecular cage-shaped polysiloxane, 1 part of formaldehyde purifying agent, 0.6 part of polyether polyol, 0.6 part of silane coupling agent, 1 part of thickening agent and 4 parts of curing agent;
s2, pretreatment: printing the PVC base film to obtain a printing layer;
s3, primary coating and curing treatment: coating a functional coating solution with the temperature of 35 ℃ on the printing layer, wherein the coating amount is 0.25g/cm 2 To obtain a first-stage coating functional coating layer, and then coating a curing agent solution with the temperature of 35 ℃ to obtain a first-stage cured curing layer;
s4, secondary coating and curing treatment: the first-order cured layer was coated with the functional coating solution again at 35 ℃ in an amount of 0.25g/cm 2 To obtain a second-stage coating functional coating layer, and then coating a curing agent solution with the temperature of 35 ℃ to obtain a second-stage cured curing layer;
s5, composite coating: coating the two-stage cured layer with a 35 ℃ composite coating solution in an amount of 0.25g/cm 2 Obtaining a functional composite coating;
s6, placing the decorative material subjected to composite coating at a press roller of a laminating machine, and pressing and pasting a layer of protective film at the pressing and pasting temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain the PVC decorative material capable of purifying formaldehyde durably and efficiently.
Example 3
The embodiment prepares a PVC decorative material for durably and efficiently purifying formaldehyde, and the specific process is as follows:
s1, preparing a coating liquid:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a functional coating solution: 80 parts of polyurethane, 20 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 1 part of supermolecular poly cage-shaped siloxane, 1.5 parts of formaldehyde purifying agent, 1 part of polyether polyol, 1 part of silane coupling agent and 2 parts of thickening agent;
(2) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a curing agent solution: 5 parts of curing agent and 95 parts of solvent;
(3) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight, and mixing to obtain a composite coating solution: 80 parts of polyurethane, 20 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 1 part of supermolecular cage-shaped polysiloxane, 1.5 parts of formaldehyde purifying agent, 1 part of polyether polyol, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 2 parts of thickening agent and 5 parts of curing agent;
s2, pretreatment: printing the PVC base film to obtain a printing layer;
s3, primary coating and curing treatment: coating a functional coating solution with the temperature of 40 ℃ on the printing layer, wherein the coating amount is 0.3g/cm 2 To obtain a first-stage coating functional coating layer, and then coating a curing agent solution at 40 ℃ to obtain a first-stage cured curing layer;
s4, secondary coating and curing treatment: the functional coating solution was again applied at 40 ℃ in an amount of 0.3g/cm on the first-order cured layer 2 To obtain a second-stage coating functional coating layer, and then coating a curing agent solution with the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a second-stage cured curing layer;
s5, composite coating: coating the cured layer of the two-stage curing with a composite coating solution at 40 ℃ in an amount of 0.3g/cm 2 Obtaining a functional composite coating;
s6, placing the decorative material subjected to composite coating at a press roller of a laminating machine, and pressing and pasting a layer of protective film at the pressing and pasting temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain the PVC decorative material capable of purifying formaldehyde durably and efficiently.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example prepared a PVC decorating material, which was different from example 1 in that the curing agent solution was not coated in steps S3 and S4.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example prepared a PVC decorative material, which is different from example 1 in that the curing agent solution was not coated in step S4.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example prepared a PVC decorating material, which was different from example 1 in that the curing agent solution was not coated in step S3.
Performance test
The formaldehyde purification efficiency and the purification durability are tested according to a method specified in 6 in JC/T1074-2008 "indoor air purification function coating material purification performance". The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 results of durability of Formaldehyde purification Effect and Formaldehyde purification efficiency
| Item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Purification efficiency (%) | 91.2 | 90.8 | 91.5 | 68 | 73 | 71 |
| Purification durability (%) | 85.9 | 85.6 | 86.1 | 63.6 | 67.5 | 65.3 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the purification efficiency and purification durability of the examples 1-3 after two curing treatments are significantly higher than those of the comparative examples without curing treatment or after only one curing treatment, which indicates that the PVC decorative material prepared by two curing treatments has high formaldehyde purification efficiency and formaldehyde purification durability, and the surface functional coating of the decorative material is uniformly distributed and has high consistency.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (7)
1. The PVC decorative material is characterized by comprising a PVC bottom film, wherein a printing layer, a functional coating layer, a curing layer and a functional composite coating are sequentially covered above the PVC bottom film, and a protective film layer is covered below the PVC bottom film; the solidified layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of curing agent and 95-97 parts of solvent, wherein the raw materials of the functional composite coating comprise the raw material of the functional coating layer and the curing agent; the functional coating layer is composed of the following raw materials: polyurethane, a solvent, supermolecular poly cage siloxane, a formaldehyde purifying agent, polyether polyol, a silane coupling agent and a thickening agent; the formaldehyde purifying agent is beta- (1, 4) -2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose.
2. The PVC decorative material of claim 1, wherein the functional composite coating comprises the following raw materials: polyurethane, solvent, supermolecule poly cage siloxane, formaldehyde purifying agent, polyether polyol, silane coupling agent, thickening agent and curing agent.
3. The PVC decorative material of claim 1, wherein the curing agent is at least one of an epoxy resin curing agent or a polyamide curing agent.
4. A method for preparing a PVC decorative material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the raw materials of the functional coating layer to obtain a functional coating solution, mixing the raw materials of the curing layer to obtain a curing agent solution, and mixing the raw materials of the functional composite coating to obtain a composite coating solution;
s2, printing the PVC base film to obtain a printing layer;
s3, coating the functional coating solution on the printing layer to obtain a first-stage coated functional coating layer, and coating the curing agent solution to obtain a first-stage cured curing layer;
s4, coating the functional coating solution on the primary cured curing layer again to obtain a secondary coated functional coating layer, and coating the curing agent solution to obtain a secondary cured curing layer;
s5, coating the composite coating solution on the cured layer subjected to secondary curing to obtain a functional composite coating;
and S6, pressing and sticking a protective film on the PVC bottom film to form a protective film layer, thus obtaining the PVC decorative material.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the solution used for coating in each of the steps S3 to S5 is 25 to 40 ℃.
6. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the coating amount of the functional coating layer and/or the functional composite coating layer is 0.2-0.3g/cm 2 。
7. Use of the PVC decorative material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for the decoration of furniture, walls or floors.
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