CN113200654A - Device and method for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms, which comprises: the photocatalytic treatment unit comprises a plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures which are sequentially communicated, and a photocatalytic material is arranged in each stage of photocatalytic filtering structure; the microorganism treatment unit comprises a plurality of stages of microorganism filtering structures which are sequentially communicated, and biological fillers are arranged in any stage of microorganism filtering structure; the sewage water inlets of the plurality of stages of microorganism filtering structures are communicated with the sewage water outlets of the plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures; the sewage of the microorganism treatment unit is circularly sent to the photocatalysis treatment unit through the water lifting unit for cyclic deepening treatment; and the biological water tank is communicated with the plurality of purified water discharge ports of the microbial filtering structure. The sewage treatment method combining photocatalytic oxidation reaction and microbial nitrification filtration is further provided, the advantages of simple structure, high treatment efficiency, low cost, environmental friendliness, convenience in use and the like are realized, and the sewage treatment method has a good application prospect in the field of sewage treatment.

Description

Device and method for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and relates to a device and a method for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms.

Background

With the rapid development of modern society, a large amount of industrial and agricultural sewage is discharged into natural water bodies. Such input can cause a number of hazards to the aquatic environment, such as water eutrophication and growth of harmful algal blooms. Furthermore, when such contaminated water becomes a source of drinking water, it may seriously affect human health. At present, the general methods for treating wastewater are roughly classified into three major methods, i.e., physical methods (precipitation, filtration, evaporation, etc.), chemical methods (neutralization, extraction, redox, etc.), and biological methods. However, the above methods have their respective application ranges, and it is often difficult to achieve a good treatment effect by one method, so that it is necessary to make up for the deficiencies and complement each other.

In recent years, much attention has been paid to tightly coupled photocatalysis and biodegradation (ICPB) in water treatment, and the photocatalysis technology is an environment-friendly technology, mainly uses sunlight to excite a narrow-bandgap semiconductor catalyst to generate a photogenerated carrier, can directly perform an oxidation-reduction reaction on the surface of the catalyst, and has the characteristics of mild reaction conditions, greenness and high efficiency. Compared to a single photocatalytic system, ICPB can avoid the release of the photocatalyst directly into the water and can be easily removed from the water, thus having little environmental impact.

It is very necessary for those skilled in the art to provide a novel sewage treatment system combining photocatalytic technology and biological treatment, which simultaneously needs to satisfy the requirements of simple structure, low cost, environmental friendliness and convenient use, and fully exerts the combined advantages of photocatalytic and biological treatment to improve the sewage purification effect.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms.

The invention provides a device for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms, which adopts the following technical scheme:

an apparatus for treating wastewater by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms, comprising:

the device comprises a photocatalytic treatment unit, a sewage treatment unit and a sewage treatment unit, wherein the photocatalytic treatment unit comprises a plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures which are sequentially communicated, and a photocatalytic material is arranged in each stage of photocatalytic filtering structure and is used for carrying out photocatalytic treatment on sewage;

the microorganism treatment unit comprises a plurality of stages of microorganism filtering structures which are sequentially communicated, and biological fillers are arranged in any stage of microorganism filtering structure; the sewage water inlets of the plurality of stages of microbial filtering structures are communicated with the sewage water outlets of the plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures and are used for performing biodegradation treatment on sewage subjected to photocatalytic treatment through attached microbes; the sewage of the microorganism treatment unit is circularly sent to the photocatalysis treatment unit through the water lifting unit for cyclic deepening treatment;

and the biological water tank is communicated with the plurality of purified water discharge ports of the microbial filtering structure.

Preferably, the multi-stage photocatalytic filter structure comprises a first shell and a plurality of stages of supporting frames I which are arranged in the first shell along the vertical direction; a filler drawer I which can be drawn relative to the first shell is correspondingly placed on any one stage of the supporting frame I;

the filler drawer I comprises a bottom plate I and side plates I on the periphery; a material blocking overflow plate I is arranged in any one stage of the filler drawer I, and the material blocking overflow plate I and two opposite side plates I of the filler drawer I in the drawing direction respectively form a filler cavity I for containing a photocatalytic material and a drainage cavity I for draining sewage; the height of the material blocking overflow plate I is lower than that of a side plate I of the filler drawer I, and a drain hole I is formed in the bottom plate I corresponding to the drain cavity I.

Furthermore, the multi-stage microorganism filtering structure comprises a second shell positioned on the lower side of the first shell, and a plurality of stages of supporting frames II arranged in the second shell along the vertical direction; a filler drawer II which can be drawn relative to the second shell is correspondingly arranged on any stage of the supporting frame II;

the filler drawer II comprises a bottom plate II and side plates II on the periphery; a material blocking overflow plate II is arranged in any one stage of the filler drawer II, and a filler cavity II for containing biological fillers and a drainage cavity II for draining sewage are respectively defined by the material blocking overflow plate II and two opposite side plates II of the filler drawer II along the drawing direction; the height of the material blocking overflow plate II is lower than that of a side plate II of the filler drawer II, and a drain hole II is formed in the bottom plate II corresponding to the drain cavity II.

Furthermore, in the plurality of stages of packing drawers I and the plurality of stages of packing drawers II, drain holes I and drain holes II positioned between the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged in a staggered mode.

Furthermore, the multi-stage microbial filtration structure also comprises a trickling filter arranged below the second shell, a water distribution plate and a bearing plate are respectively placed in the trickling filter along the height direction, a packing cavity for internally arranging elastic fiber packing is formed between the water distribution plate and the bearing plate, and a plurality of water through holes are formed in the water distribution plate and the bearing plate;

the water storage cavity is arranged on the lower side of the bearing plate of the trickling filter cartridge, and sewage in the water storage cavity is circularly conveyed to the photocatalytic treatment unit through the water lifting unit.

Furthermore, the water lifting unit comprises a pump arranged in the water storage cavity, wire protection sleeves penetrate through the water distribution plate and the supporting plate, and a water outlet cavity is formed between the upper side of the water distribution plate and the bottom plate II of the adjacent filler drawer II; the pump passes through the wire protection sleeve and the water outlet cavity through the water delivery hose and extends outwards to the sewage inlet of the filler drawer I.

Furthermore, the first shell and the second shell are integrally arranged and fixedly connected with the trickling filter cartridge.

Furthermore, the water delivery hose is suspended above the water distribution plate through a water return hose with a control valve.

Furthermore, a drain valve is further arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body of the water storage cavity.

Furthermore, the biological water tank is sleeved on the periphery of the bottom of the trickling filter cylinder, and a plurality of plant water planting floating plates are arranged in a cavity between the biological water tank and the trickling filter cylinder.

The invention also provides a method for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms, which comprises the following steps:

1) the sewage enters a plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures to be in contact with photocatalytic materials step by step, and is degraded by strong oxidation reaction under the excitation of light source radiation;

2) after the photocatalytic reaction, sewage flows into a plurality of stages of microorganism filtering structures and is gradually nitrified and degraded by biological fillers attached with microorganisms;

and controlling the lifting unit according to the requirement to return the water subjected to the microorganism nitrification and filtration to the photocatalytic treatment unit for circulating again to perform sequential advanced treatment of photocatalytic oxidation and microorganism degradation;

3) after the advanced treatment, the water is discharged into a biological water tank for the organisms to absorb the residues and test the water quality.

Preferably, in the step 1), sewage enters a filler drawer I of the photocatalytic filtering structure step by step, the filler drawer I is internally partitioned by a material blocking overflow plate I to form a filler cavity I and a drainage cavity I, the sewage is contacted with a photocatalytic material in the filler cavity I, and the sewage is degraded by a strong oxidation reaction under the radiation excitation of a light source;

in the step 2), sewage after photocatalytic reaction overflows from a material blocking overflow plate I and enters a drainage cavity I, the sewage flows into a filler drawer II of a microbial treatment unit step by step through a drainage hole I on a base plate of the filler drawer I, the filler drawer II is separated by the material blocking overflow plate II to form a filler cavity II and a drainage cavity II, and the sewage overflows from the material blocking overflow plate II and enters the drainage cavity II after nitration and degradation with biological fillers in the filler cavity II; after the microorganisms are nitrified and filtered, water flows into the water distribution plate through a water discharge hole II on a bottom plate of the filler drawer II, falls into the drip filter cartridge on the lower side of the filler drawer II through the water discharge hole, continuously collides with the elastic fiber filler, releases carbon dioxide and dissolves oxygen, and is synchronously nitrified and degraded by the microorganisms attached to the elastic fiber filler;

and the trickled water is concentrated at the bottom of the trickled filter cylinder through the bearing plate, and the pump in the water lifting unit is controlled to be started so that the trickled water is lifted and sent back to the filler drawer I for cyclic deepening treatment.

Preferably, in the step 2), the water delivery hose is also connected with a water return hose of the control valve, and the control valve is opened to ensure that the trickled water is synchronously lifted and returned to the trickled filter cylinder through the water return hose for cyclic deepening treatment;

the invention can bring the following beneficial effects:

1) the invention adopts a treatment technology combining photocatalytic oxidation reaction and microorganism nitrification and filtration aiming at the sewage to be treated, and the photocatalysis and the microorganism nitrification can be respectively set to be multi-stage, thereby realizing the multi-element and deep degradation of water pollutants and improving the purification treatment effect.

2) The photocatalytic treatment unit and the microbial treatment unit both adopt drawer type filter structures with a shell combined with a filler drawer and a support frame, built-in photocatalytic materials and biological fillers are immersed in sewage to fully oxidize and nitrify the sewage, and the microbial treatment unit also adopts a drop filter cartridge structure; thereby, the immersed and filtered medium (pollutants, photocatalytic materials and microorganisms) is fully contacted, and is exchanged with the gas filtered by dripping (carbon dioxide in water drops is released, and oxygen in air is absorbed at the same time), and the microorganism treatment efficiency is improved. Moreover, the drawer type filtering structure is beneficial to stacking and standing each component, so that the occupied area is saved, and the efficiency is improved.

3) The invention carries out the sewage according to the sequence of photocatalysis and biodegradation filtration, and the photocatalysis can be carried out for a plurality of times step by step according to the requirements, and the same is true for the microbial degradation, therefore, only one time of water lifting is needed after the treatment of the sewage after the photocatalysis and the biodegradation, the energy consumption efficiency ratio is very good, and the drawer type structure ensures that the cleaning and the replacement of the filtration material are more convenient.

4) The photocatalysis treatment unit, the microorganism treatment unit and the biological tank can adopt an integrated equipment structure, so that the occupied space is saved, and the treatment efficiency is improved.

In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of compact structure, convenient use and high efficiency; meanwhile, the method has the characteristics of reasonable and simple process flow and obvious environmental protection advantage, is suitable for experimental application in the field of photocatalytic environment research, and can also be used for purification treatment of polluted water.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the apparatus of the present invention.

The notations in the figures mean:

1-a photocatalytic treatment unit; 10-a photocatalytic filter structure, 11-a photocatalytic material and 12-a top light source; 13-a water inlet valve; 100-a first shell, 101-a support frame I, 102-a filling drawer I, 103-a material blocking overflow plate I, 104-a drainage hole I, 105-quartz glass;

2-a microbiological treatment unit; 20-microbial filtration structure, 21-biological filler, 22-elastic fiber filler; 200-a second shell, 201-a support frame II, 202-a filling drawer II, 203-a material blocking overflow plate II, 204-a water drainage hole II, 205-a drip filter cartridge, 206-a water distribution plate, 207-a bearing plate, 208-a water through hole, 209-a water storage cavity, 210-a wire protection sleeve, 211-a water outlet cavity and 212-a water drainage valve;

3-water lifting unit, 30-control valve, 31-pump, 32-water delivery hose, 33-water return hose;

4-biological water tank, 40-water cultivation floating plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

For the sake of simplicity, the drawings only schematically show the parts relevant to the present invention, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided an apparatus for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms, comprising:

the device comprises a photocatalytic treatment unit 1, wherein the photocatalytic treatment unit 1 comprises a plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures 10 which are sequentially communicated, and a photocatalytic material 11 is arranged in each stage of photocatalytic filtering structure 10 and is used for carrying out photocatalytic treatment on sewage;

the microorganism treatment unit 2 comprises a plurality of stages of microorganism filtering structures 20 which are sequentially communicated, and biological fillers 21 are arranged in any stage of microorganism filtering structure 20; the sewage water inlets of the plurality of stages of microorganism filtering structures are communicated with the sewage water outlets of the plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures and are used for further biodegradation treatment of the sewage after photocatalytic treatment through microorganisms attached to the biological filler; the sewage of the microorganism treatment unit 2 is circularly sent to the photocatalysis treatment unit 1 through the water lifting unit 3 for cyclic deepening treatment;

and a biological water tank 4 communicated with the purified water discharge port of the multistage microbial filtration structure 20.

The embodiment provides a device which can carry out multi-stage photocatalysis and microorganism combined treatment on sewage, and the sewage after the microorganism treatment can be returned to a photocatalysis treatment unit for recycling and purification, and the purified water can be fully utilized through the arrangement of a biological water tank. The closed-loop type deep purification treatment of the sewage is formed, and the treatment effect of the sewage is improved.

According to the device provided by the embodiment, a method for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms can be further provided, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) sewage enters a plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures 10 to contact with a photocatalytic material 11 step by step, and is degraded by strong oxidation reaction under the radiation excitation of a light source 12;

2) after the photocatalytic reaction, sewage flows into a plurality of stages of microorganism filtering structures 20 and is gradually nitrified and degraded by biological fillers 21 attached with microorganisms;

and the lifting unit 3 is controlled according to the requirement, so that the water after the microorganism nitrification and filtration returns to the photocatalytic treatment unit 1 for circulating again to carry out the sequential advanced treatment of photocatalytic oxidation and microbial degradation;

3) the water after advanced treatment is discharged to a biological water tank 4 for the organism to absorb the residue and test the water quality.

As a preferred embodiment:

for the photocatalytic treatment unit, the following specific structure is adopted:

the multi-stage photocatalytic filter structure 10 comprises a first shell 100 and a plurality of stages of supporting frames I101 which are arranged in the first shell 100 along the vertical direction; a filler drawer I102 which can be drawn relative to the first shell 100 is correspondingly placed on any stage of the supporting frame I101;

the filler drawer I102 comprises a bottom plate I and side plates I on the periphery; a material blocking overflow plate I103 is arranged in any one stage of the filler drawer I102, and the material blocking overflow plate I103 and two opposite side plates I of the filler drawer I102 along the drawing direction S respectively enclose a filler cavity I for containing a photocatalytic material and a drainage cavity I for draining sewage; the height of the material blocking overflow plate I103 is lower than that of a side plate I of the filler drawer I102, and a drain hole I104 is formed in the bottom plate I corresponding to the drain cavity.

Preferably, the top of the first housing 100 is embedded or configured as quartz glass for transmitting light to the photocatalytic material in the drawer i 102. When the supporting frame I101 and the filling drawer I102 are correspondingly arranged in multiple stages along the vertical direction, a bottom plate used for transmitting a light source to a photocatalytic material in the filling drawer I102 is inlaid or arranged as quartz glass 105; or the filling drawer I102 is of a transparent structure.

For the microbial treatment unit, the following specific structure is adopted:

the multi-stage microorganism filtering structure 20 comprises a second shell 200 positioned at the lower side of the first shell 100, and a multi-stage supporting frame II 201 arranged in the second shell 200 along the vertical direction; a filler drawer II 202 which can be drawn relative to the second shell 200 is correspondingly placed on any stage of the supporting frame II 201;

the filler drawer II 202 comprises a bottom plate II and side plates II on the periphery; a material blocking overflow plate II 203 is arranged in any one stage of the filler drawer II 202, and the material blocking overflow plate II 203 and two opposite side plates II of the filler drawer II 202 along the drawing direction S respectively form a filler cavity II for containing biological filler and a drainage cavity II for draining sewage; the height of the material blocking overflow plate II 203 is lower than that of a side plate II of the filler drawer II 202, and a drain hole II 204 is formed in the bottom plate II corresponding to the drain cavity II.

Under the condition that the plurality of stages comprise 1 stage and multi-stage, when the filler drawer I102 in the photocatalytic filter structure 10 is set to be multi-stage, the drain holes I104 of the upper and lower filler drawers I102 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the sewage is fully subjected to photocatalytic treatment; similarly, for the microorganism filtering structure 20, when the filler drawer ii 202 is set to be multi-stage, the drain holes ii 204 of the upper and lower two-stage filler drawers ii 202 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the sewage is fully subjected to microorganism nitrification filtering treatment; and the adjacent drain holes I104 and II 204 of the upper layer and the lower layer are arranged in a staggered manner between the photocatalytic filter structure 10 and the microbial filter structure 20. In addition, the middle parts of the support frame I101 and the support frame II 201 are hollowed out, and the support frame I101 and the support frame II 201 are used for enabling sewage to fall from the drain holes I104 and II 204 alternately.

Based on the above, through the drawer type filtering structure consisting of the shell, the supporting frame and the filler drawer, one-stage or multi-stage photocatalytic filtering structures can be respectively formed, and one-stage or multi-stage microbial filtering structures are convenient for replacing the fillers and are convenient for integrally stacking; therefore, on the basis of more compact structure and floor area saving, the photocatalytic filter structure and the microbial filter structure are combined for use, and the purification effect is improved.

As a more preferable embodiment, the multistage microbial filtration structure 20 further comprises a trickling filter 205 disposed below the second casing 200, a water distribution plate 206 and a support plate 207 are respectively disposed in the trickling filter 205 along the height direction, an elastic fiber filler 22 for attaching microorganisms is disposed between the water distribution plate 206 and the support plate 207, and the water distribution plate 206 and the support plate 207 are both provided with a plurality of water through holes 208;

the trickling filter 205 is provided with a water storage cavity 209 at the lower side of the support plate 207, and sewage in the water storage cavity 209 is circularly sent to the photocatalytic treatment unit 1 through the water lifting unit 3.

Based on the embodiment, the preferable dripping filter cartridge 205 is used for dripping and filtering by combining the immersion and filtering of the filler arranged in the drawer type filter cabinet, water after the microorganism nitrification filtering uniformly falls into the dripping filter cartridge 205 through the water distribution plate 206, collides with the elastic fiber filler 22, is scattered, releases carbon dioxide and dissolves oxygen, and is synchronously nitrified and degraded by the microorganism attached to the filler; thereby, the immersed and filtered medium (pollutants, catalyst and microorganism) is fully contacted, and is exchanged with the gas filtered by dripping (carbon dioxide in water drops is released, and oxygen in air is absorbed at the same time), and the microorganism treatment efficiency is improved. And the drawer type structure enables various filtering materials in the filling cavity to be more convenient to clean and replace. In addition, the water passing holes 208 are uniformly spaced along the water distribution plate 206 and the support plate 207.

Further, the water lifting unit 3 comprises a pump 31 arranged in the water storage cavity 209, the water distribution plate 206 and the bearing plate 207 are provided with a wire protecting sleeve 210 in a penetrating manner, and the wire protecting sleeve 210 is fixed by an elastic rubber ring; a water outlet cavity 211 is formed between the upper side of the water distribution plate 206 and the bottom plate II of the adjacent filler drawer II 202; the pump 31 passes through the wire sheath 210 and the water outlet cavity 211 through the water delivery hose 32 and extends outwards to the sewage inlet of the filler drawer I102, and the water delivery hose 32 is also suspended above the water distribution plate 206 through the water return hose 33 with the control valve 30. The power line of the pump 31 can extend to the outside through the wire protecting sleeve 210 and the water outlet cavity 211 for power connection, and the wire protecting sleeve 210 plays a role in waterproof protection for the power line therein. Therefore, by starting the pump, the water at the bottom of the trickling filter cartridge 205 can circularly flow back to the filler drawer I102 of the photocatalytic treatment unit 1, and the sewage is circularly subjected to photocatalytic treatment; the water at the bottom of the trickling filter cartridge 205 can be returned to the water outlet cavity by opening the control valve 30, and then trickling again through the water distribution plate 206.

Based on this, the device of the invention is stacked and vertically arranged, can form the primary water extraction of the multi-stage structure process flow, has excellent energy consumption efficiency ratio, thereby the invention has the characteristics of reasonable and simple treatment flow, compact and practical device structure of the implementation method, convenient use, high efficiency, obvious environmental protection advantage and can be used for the purification treatment of polluted water bodies.

In addition, a drain valve 212 is further disposed on the side wall of the cylinder of the water storage chamber 210, and the purified water can be drained to the biological water tank 4 through the drain valve 212.

In practice, the first housing 100 is integral with the second housing 200 and is fixedly attached to the drip chamber 205. Therefore, the first shell 100, the second shell 200, the trickling filter 205 and the biological water tank are constructed by stacking 4 up and down in sequence, so that the device has a more compact structure, saves the floor area and improves the purification efficiency. Specifically, the biological water tank 4 is sleeved on the periphery of the bottom of the trickling filter cartridge 210, and a plurality of plant hydroponic floating plates 40 are arranged in a cavity between the biological water tank 4 and the trickling filter cartridge 205, so that the plant hydroponic floating plates can be used for culturing plants to absorb nutrient residues and utilizing the growth situation of plants and fishes to test water quality. The trickling filter cartridge 205 comprises a side plate and a bottom plate which are arranged on the periphery, the side plate and the bottom plate are sealed and enclosed into a whole, an upper flange of the trickling filter cartridge 205 is connected and fixed with a lower flange of the second shell 200 through a sealing ring and a fastener, and the inside of the trickling filter cartridge 205 is respectively placed with a water distribution plate 206 and a bearing plate 207 through corner lapping.

Based on the optimization of the device embodiment, the method for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms can be implemented, and comprises the following steps:

step 1), sewage enters a filler drawer I102 of a plurality of stages of photocatalytic filter structures 10 step by step, a filler cavity I and a drainage cavity I are formed in the filler drawer I102 through a material blocking overflow plate I103 in a separating mode, the sewage is in contact with a photocatalytic material in the filler cavity I, and the sewage is degraded by a strong oxidation reaction under the radiation excitation of a light source;

step 2), sewage overflows from a material blocking overflow plate I103 and enters a drainage cavity I, flows into a filler drawer II 202 of a plurality of stages of microbial filtration structures 20 step by step through a drainage hole I104 on a bottom plate of a filler drawer I102, is separated by a material blocking overflow plate II 203 to form a filler cavity II and a drainage cavity II, and overflows from the material blocking overflow plate II 203 and enters the drainage cavity II after being nitrified and degraded with biological fillers in the filler cavity II; after the microorganisms are nitrified and filtered, water flows into a water distribution plate 206 through a water discharge hole II 204 on a bottom plate of a filler drawer II, falls into a drop filter cartridge 205 on the lower side of the filler drawer II 202 through a water discharge hole 208, continuously collides with the elastic fiber filler 22, releases carbon dioxide and dissolves oxygen, and is synchronously nitrified and degraded by the microorganisms attached to the elastic fiber filler 22;

the trickled water is concentrated at the bottom of the trickled filter cartridge 205 through the supporting plate 207, the trickled water is lifted and sent back to the filler drawer I for cyclic deepening treatment through the water delivery hose 32 by controlling the opening of the pump 31 in the water lifting unit 3, the water delivery hose 32 is also connected with the water return hose 33 with the control valve 30, and the trickled water is synchronously lifted and sent back to the trickled filter cartridge 205 for cyclic deepening treatment through the water return hose 33 by opening the control valve 30;

3) after the advanced treatment, the water is put into a biological water tank through a drain valve, so that the organism can absorb the residues and test the water quality.

Specifically, when the filler drawer I102 of the photocatalytic unit 1 is set to be 1 grade and the filler drawer II 202 of the microbial treatment unit 2 is also set to be 1 grade, the method for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microbes comprises the following steps:

1) sewage enters the filler drawer I102 through the water inlet valve 13 to be contacted with the photocatalytic material 11, and is degraded by strong oxidation reaction under the excitation of radiation of the light source 12 penetrating through the top of the quartz glass 105;

2) after the photocatalytic reaction, water rises and overflows out of the blocking overflow plate I103, flows into the filler drawer II 202 through the drain hole I104, is nitrified and degraded by microorganisms attached to the immersed granular biological filler 21, and overflows from the blocking overflow plate II 203 into the drain cavity II; after the microorganisms are nitrified and filtered, water flows into a water distribution plate 206 through a water discharge hole II 204 on the bottom plate of a filler drawer II 202, uniformly falls into a dripping filter cylinder 205 through a water discharge hole 208, continuously collides with the elastic fiber filler 22, is scattered, releases carbon dioxide, is dissolved in oxygen, and is synchronously nitrified and degraded by the microorganisms attached to the elastic fiber filler 22;

the trickled water is concentrated at the bottom of the trickled filter cartridge 205 through the supporting plate 207, the pump 31 is controlled to be started to enable the trickled water to be lifted and sent back to the filler drawer I102 through the water delivery hose 32 for cyclic deepening treatment, the water delivery hose 32 is also connected with the water return hose 33 with the control valve 30, and the trickled water is synchronously lifted and sent back to the trickled filter cartridge 205 through the water return hose 33 for cyclic deepening treatment through the control valve 30 being started;

3) the water after the advanced treatment is put into the biological water tank 4 through the drain valve 212, so that the organism can absorb the residue and check the water quality. Wherein, the biological water tank 4 is divided into two parts by a clapboard, one part is provided with a water planting floating plate 40 for plants to absorb nutrition residues, the other part is provided with fish to breed, and the water quality is checked according to the growth situation of the plants and the fish.

Of course, if the photocatalytic filter structure 10 and the microbial filter structure 20 are respectively arranged in multiple stages along the vertical direction, the sewage treatment process includes the following steps:

1) sewage enters a first-stage filler drawer I102 through a water inlet valve 13 to be contacted with a photocatalytic material 11, and is degraded by a strong oxidation reaction under the excitation of radiation of a light source 12 at the top of quartz glass 105; after photocatalytic reaction, water rises and overflows out of a material blocking overflow plate I103 in a first-stage filler drawer I102, and enters a next-stage filler drawer I through water discharge holes I104 which are arranged in a staggered mode for photocatalytic treatment again;

2) after the treatment in the sequence, the water flows into a first-stage filler drawer II 202 of a microorganism treatment unit through a drain hole I of a last-stage filler drawer I, after the nitrification and degradation of microorganisms attached to the immersed granular biological filler 21, the water flows into a next-stage filler drawer II 202 through drain holes II 204 which are arranged in a staggered mode for the microorganism catalysis treatment again, after the treatment in the sequence, the nitrified and filtered water flows into a water distribution plate 206 through the drain hole II 204 of the last-stage filler drawer II 202, uniformly falls into a dripping filter cylinder 205 through a water hole 208, continuously collides with an elastic fiber filler 22 and is scattered, releases carbon dioxide and dissolves oxygen, and is synchronously nitrified and degraded by the microorganisms attached to the elastic fiber filler 22;

the trickled water is concentrated at the bottom of the trickled filter cartridge 205 through the supporting plate 207, the pump 31 is controlled to be started to enable the trickled water to be lifted and sent back to the filler drawer I102 through the water delivery hose 32 for cyclic deepening treatment, the water delivery hose 32 is also connected with the water return hose 33 with the control valve 30, and the trickled water is synchronously lifted and sent back to the trickled filter cartridge 205 through the water return hose 33 for cyclic deepening treatment through the control valve 30 being started;

3) the water after the advanced treatment is put into the biological water tank 4 through the drain valve 212, so that the organism can absorb the residue and check the water quality. Wherein, the biological water tank 4 is divided into two parts by a clapboard, one part is provided with a water planting floating plate 40 for plants to absorb nutrition residues, the other part is provided with fish to breed, and the water quality is checked according to the growth situation of the plants and the fish.

It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A device for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms is characterized by comprising:

the device comprises a photocatalytic treatment unit, a sewage treatment unit and a sewage treatment unit, wherein the photocatalytic treatment unit comprises a plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures which are sequentially communicated, and a photocatalytic material is arranged in each stage of photocatalytic filtering structure and is used for carrying out photocatalytic treatment on sewage;

the microorganism treatment unit comprises a plurality of stages of microorganism filtering structures which are sequentially communicated, and biological fillers are arranged in any stage of microorganism filtering structure; the sewage water inlets of the plurality of stages of microbial filtering structures are communicated with the sewage water outlets of the plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures and are used for performing biodegradation treatment on the sewage after photocatalytic treatment; the sewage of the microorganism treatment unit is circularly sent to the photocatalysis treatment unit through the water lifting unit;

and the biological water tank is communicated with the purified water discharge port of the multi-stage microorganism filtering structure.

2. The apparatus for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein:

the multi-stage photocatalytic filter structure comprises a first shell and a plurality of stages of supporting frames I which are arranged in the first shell along the vertical direction; a filler drawer I which can be drawn relative to the first shell is correspondingly placed on any one stage of the supporting frame I;

the filler drawer I comprises a bottom plate I and side plates I on the periphery; a material blocking overflow plate I is arranged in any one stage of the filler drawer I, and the material blocking overflow plate I and two opposite side plates I of the filler drawer I in the drawing direction respectively form a filler cavity I for containing a photocatalytic material and a drainage cavity I for draining sewage; the height of the material blocking overflow plate I is lower than that of a side plate I of the filler drawer I, and a drain hole I is formed in the bottom plate I corresponding to the drain cavity.

3. The apparatus for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms according to claim 2, wherein:

the multistage microorganism filtering structure comprises a second shell positioned on the lower side of the first shell and a plurality of stages of supporting frames II arranged in the second shell along the vertical direction; a filler drawer II which can be drawn relative to the second shell is correspondingly arranged on any stage of the supporting frame II;

the filler drawer II comprises a bottom plate II and side plates II on the periphery; a material blocking overflow plate II is arranged in any one stage of the filler drawer II, and a filler cavity II for containing biological fillers and a drainage cavity II for draining sewage are respectively defined by the material blocking overflow plate II and two opposite side plates II of the filler drawer II along the drawing direction; the height of the material blocking overflow plate II is lower than that of a side plate II of the filler drawer II, and a drain hole II is formed in the bottom plate II corresponding to the drain cavity II.

4. The apparatus for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms according to claim 3, wherein:

in the plurality of stages of the filler drawers I and the plurality of stages of the filler drawers II, drain holes I and drain holes II positioned between an upper layer and a lower layer are arranged in a staggered mode.

5. The apparatus for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms according to claim 3, wherein:

the multi-stage microbial filtration structure also comprises a trickling filter arranged below the second shell, a water distribution plate and a bearing plate are respectively arranged in the trickling filter along the height direction, a packing cavity is formed between the water distribution plate and the bearing plate, and a plurality of water through holes are formed in the water distribution plate and the bearing plate;

the water storage cavity is arranged on the lower side of the bearing plate of the trickling filter cartridge, and sewage in the water storage cavity is circularly conveyed to the photocatalytic treatment unit through the water lifting unit.

6. The apparatus for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms according to claim 5, wherein:

the water lifting unit comprises a pump arranged in the water storage cavity, the water distribution plate and the bearing plate are penetrated with wire protection sleeves, and a water outlet cavity is formed between the upper side of the water distribution plate and the bottom plate II of the adjacent filler drawer II; the pump passes through the wire protection sleeve and the water outlet cavity through the water delivery hose and extends outwards to the sewage inlet of the filler drawer I.

7. The apparatus for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms according to claim 5, wherein:

the first shell and the second shell are integrally arranged and are fixedly connected with the trickling filter cartridge;

and/or;

the water delivery hose is also suspended above the water distribution plate through a water return hose with a control valve;

and/or;

and a drain valve is also arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body of the water storage cavity.

8. The apparatus for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms according to claim 5, wherein:

the biological water tank is sleeved on the periphery of the bottom of the dripping filter cylinder, and a plurality of plant water planting floating plates are arranged in a cavity between the biological water tank and the dripping filter cylinder.

9. A method for treating sewage by combining photocatalysis and microorganisms is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) the sewage enters a plurality of stages of photocatalytic filtering structures to be in contact with photocatalytic materials step by step, and is degraded by strong oxidation reaction under the excitation of light source radiation;

2) after the photocatalytic reaction, sewage flows into a plurality of stages of microorganism filtering structures and is gradually nitrified and degraded by biological fillers attached with microorganisms;

and controlling the lifting unit according to the requirement to return the water subjected to the microorganism nitrification and filtration to the photocatalytic treatment unit for circulating again to perform sequential advanced treatment of photocatalytic oxidation and microorganism degradation;

3) after the advanced treatment, the water is discharged into a biological water tank for the organisms to absorb the residues and test the water quality.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method comprises the steps of:

in the step 1), sewage enters a filler drawer I of a photocatalytic filtering structure step by step, the filler drawer I is internally partitioned by a material blocking overflow plate I to form a filler cavity I and a drainage cavity I, the sewage is contacted with a photocatalytic material in the filler cavity I, and the sewage is degraded by a strong oxidation reaction under the radiation excitation of a light source;

in the step 2), sewage after photocatalytic reaction overflows from a material blocking overflow plate I and enters a drainage cavity I, the sewage flows into a filler drawer II of a microbial treatment unit step by step through a drainage hole I on a base plate of the filler drawer I, the filler drawer II is separated by the material blocking overflow plate II to form a filler cavity II and a drainage cavity II, and the sewage overflows from the material blocking overflow plate II and enters the drainage cavity II after nitration and degradation with biological fillers in the filler cavity II; after the microorganisms are nitrified and filtered, water flows into the water distribution plate through a water discharge hole II on a bottom plate of the filler drawer II, falls into the drip filter cartridge on the lower side of the filler drawer II through the water discharge hole, continuously collides with the elastic fiber filler, releases carbon dioxide and dissolves oxygen, and is synchronously nitrified and degraded by the microorganisms attached to the elastic fiber filler;

and the trickled water is concentrated at the bottom of the trickled filter cylinder through the bearing plate, and the pump in the water lifting unit is controlled to be started so that the trickled water is lifted and sent back to the filler drawer I for cyclic deepening treatment.

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