CN113198221A - Backwashing method of filter element - Google Patents
Backwashing method of filter element Download PDFInfo
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- CN113198221A CN113198221A CN202110483560.7A CN202110483560A CN113198221A CN 113198221 A CN113198221 A CN 113198221A CN 202110483560 A CN202110483560 A CN 202110483560A CN 113198221 A CN113198221 A CN 113198221A
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- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
- B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/60—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
- B01D29/601—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration by clearness or turbidity measuring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
- B01D29/668—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with valves, e.g. rotating valves for coaxially placed filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
- B01D29/68—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with backwash arms, shoes or nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
- B01D29/94—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for discharging the filter cake, e.g. chutes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
- B01D37/04—Controlling the filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/08—Regeneration of the filter
- B01D2201/085—Regeneration of the filter using another chemical than the liquid to be filtered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/16—Valves
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a backwashing method of a filter element, which comprises the following steps that (1) filtrate enters a backwashing tank through a backwashing flow path to serve as a prepared backwashing liquid, and the prepared backwashing liquid enables air in the backwashing tank to be discharged from an exhaust passage; (2) after the liquid level of the prepared backwash liquid in the backwash tank reaches a set value, closing the backwash flow path and the exhaust channel, opening the gas supply channel to enable gas to enter the backwash tank, and enabling filtered liquid to start to be stably discharged through the filtered liquid discharge flow path; (3) when the filter element reaches the condition needing backwashing, closing the filtrate discharge flow path, opening the backwashing flow path, and performing backwashing on the filter element by reversely blowing the prepared backwashing liquid into the backwashing tank by gas; (4) after the backwashing of the filter element is finished, opening an exhaust passage and a filtrate discharge flow path, and starting to exhaust and release pressure of the backwashing tank; (5) and repeating all the operations after the backwashing tank is exhausted and depressurized. The invention ensures the filtering flux of the filter element and avoids the damage of backwashing to the filter element.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid filtration and concentration, in particular to a backwashing method of a filter element.
Background
After the filter is used for a period of time, filter cakes can be formed on the surface of the filter element, so that the filtering flux of the filter element is reduced, and the filtering effect of the filter element is seriously influenced. Based on the problems, the filter element needs to be backwashed regularly in the actual production process, and the existing backwashing mode mainly carries out backwashing on the filter element through backwashing gas and backwashing liquid. In carrying out the backwash in-process to filtering concentrator filter core, the applicant finds that after filtering concentrator backwash in-process gas admission device is inside, the gas-liquid balance in the filter is broken, and the gas that gets into can lead to the filtration flux of filter core to receive the influence in the inside gas space that forms of filter, has reduced the filtration efficiency of filter core, in addition, the liquid in the filter core and the gas that dashes into can carry out quick alternation inside the filter core, also can cause the harm to the structure of filter core. Other types of filter cartridges suffer from similar problems as described above during backwashing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a backwashing method and a backwashing system for a filter element, which aim to solve the problems of poor backwashing effect and damage to the filter element in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a backwashing method of a filter element. The method comprises the following steps:
the invention relates to a backwashing method of a filter element, which comprises the following steps;
(1) a backwashing preparation stage: firstly, filtering clear liquid obtained by filtering of a filtering filter element enters a backwashing tank through a backwashing flow path to be used as a prepared backwashing liquid, and the prepared backwashing liquid enables air in the backwashing tank to be discharged from an exhaust passage;
(2) and (3) a conventional clear-out stage: after the liquid level of the prepared backwash liquid in the backwash tank reaches a set value, closing the backwash flow path and the exhaust channel, opening the gas supply channel to enable gas to enter the backwash tank, and enabling filtered liquid to start to be stably discharged through the filtered liquid discharge flow path;
(3) and (3) backwashing the filter element: when the filter element reaches the condition needing backwashing, closing the filtrate discharge flow path, opening the backwashing flow path, and performing backwashing on the filter element by reversely blowing the prepared backwashing liquid into the backwashing tank by gas;
(4) and (3) an air exhaust and pressure relief stage: after the backwashing of the filter element is finished, opening an exhaust passage and a filtrate discharge flow path, and starting to exhaust and release pressure of the backwashing tank;
(5) and (5) after the backwashing tank is exhausted and depressurized, repeating the operation of the steps (1) to (4).
Furthermore, the preset value of the prepared backwash liquid in the backwash tank is smaller than the discharge amount of the filter liquid between the backwashing stages of the adjacent filter elements, and the preset value of the prepared backwash liquid in the backwash tank is larger than the use amount of the filter liquid required by one backwashing.
Further, the gas supply source is a nitrogen gas source.
Furthermore, the backwashing flow path comprises a backwashing pipeline and a backwashing valve arranged on the backwashing pipeline, a liquid level switch is arranged in a backwashing tank communicated with the backwashing pipeline, the exhaust channel comprises an exhaust pipeline communicated with the top of the backwashing tank and an exhaust valve arranged on the exhaust pipeline, the air supply channel comprises an air supply pipeline with one end communicated with the backwashing tank and the other end externally connected with an air supply source and an air supply valve arranged on the air supply pipeline, the filtrate liquid discharge flow path comprises a filtrate liquid discharge pipeline and a filtrate liquid discharge valve arranged on the filtrate liquid discharge pipeline, the backwashing valve, the liquid level switch, the exhaust valve, the air supply valve and the filtrate liquid discharge valve are controlled by a control system, and the installation height of the backwashing tank is lower than that of an outlet of the filtrate liquid discharge pipeline;
the step (1) is specifically as follows: the control system controls to open the exhaust valve, the backwashing valve and the clear liquid outlet valve, the air supply valve is closed by default, the control system sets the inflow time of the prepared backwashing liquid, the filtered clear liquid obtained by filtering of the filtering filter element enters the backwashing tank through the backwashing flow path in the inflow time period of the prepared backwashing liquid, and the prepared backwashing liquid enables the air in the backwashing tank to be discharged through the exhaust channel;
the step (2) is specifically as follows: when the liquid level in the backwashing tank reaches the liquid level switch, the liquid level switch feeds back an electrical signal to the control system, the control system controls to close the backwashing valve and the exhaust valve and open the gas supply valve, the gas supply pipeline is communicated with the backwashing tank so that gas enters the backwashing tank, and the filtered liquid starts to be stably discharged through the filtered liquid discharge flow path;
the step (3) is specifically as follows: when the control system judges that the set backwashing cycle timing time is reached, the control system controls to close the clear liquid outlet valve and open the backwashing valve, and gas reversely blows the filtered clear liquid in the backwashing tank into the backwashing tank to backwash the filter element within the backwashing duration time period set by the control system;
the step (4) is specifically as follows: after the control system judges that the backwashing duration is over, the control system controls to close a backwashing valve, close an air supply valve, open an exhaust valve and discharge a clear liquid valve, and the backwashing tank is exhausted and decompressed within a backwashing tank exhausting and decompressing time period set by the control system;
the step (5) is specifically as follows: and (4) repeating the operations of the steps (1) to (4) after the control system judges that the time for exhausting and decompressing the backwashing tank is over.
When the control system carries out system parameter setting, backwashing cycle timing time and backwashing duration time are set according to system process requirements, and backwashing tank exhaust and pressure relief time is ensured to be capable of completely releasing residual pressure in a back flushing tank after back flushing. The control mode has a perfect fault guarantee mechanism, backwash cycle timing time, backwash duration time and back flushing tank pressure relief time which can be flexibly set, automatic timing cycle backwashing of the filter element in the operation of the thickener is realized, and sufficient liquid is ensured when the back flushing tank is backwashed every time, so that nitrogen back flushing is avoided from flowing into the thickener.
Further, when the liquid level switch or each valve has a fault, the liquid level switch or each valve feeds back a fault signal to the control system, and the control system displays the fault alarm signal of the liquid level switch or each valve on an alarm display screen of the control system and/or controls an audible and visual alarm to send out an alarm signal.
Furthermore, after the prepared backwash liquid flows into the backwash tank overtime, the control system displays a backwash tank liquid supplementing overtime alarm signal on an alarm display screen of the control system and/or controls an audible and visual alarm to send out an alarm signal.
Further, the installation height of the liquid level switch is lower than that of the air inlet of the air supply channel.
Furthermore, the backwashing valve, the liquid level switch, the exhaust valve and the air supply valve are all pneumatic ball valves.
Furthermore, the inlet of the backwashing pipeline and the inlet of the filtered clear liquid discharge pipeline are both communicated with a pipeline sight glass.
Further, the control system is a PLC control system.
Therefore, the backwashing method of the filter element reduces the influence on the gas-liquid balance in the filter device during backwashing, avoids the influence on the flux of the filter element caused by the formation of a gas space due to the back flushing of nitrogen at the top end of the filter element of the thickener, and avoids the damage of the filter element caused by the alternate passing of the rapid liquid and gas of the filter element due to the back flushing of the nitrogen to the filter element.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to assist in understanding the invention, and are included to explain the invention and their equivalents and not limit it unduly. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. Before the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that:
the technical solutions and features provided in the present invention in the respective sections including the following description may be combined with each other without conflict.
Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
With respect to terms and units in the present invention. The terms "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this invention and the related sections are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
The backwashing method of the filter element comprises the following steps;
(1) a backwashing preparation stage: firstly, filtering clear liquid obtained by filtering of a filtering filter element enters the backwashing tank 5 through a backwashing flow path to be used as a prepared backwashing liquid, and the prepared backwashing liquid enables air in the backwashing tank 5 to be discharged through an exhaust passage;
(2) and (3) a conventional clear-out stage: after the liquid level of the prepared backwash liquid in the backwash tank 5 reaches a set value, closing the backwash flow path and the exhaust channel, opening the gas supply channel to enable gas to enter the backwash tank 5, and enabling filtered liquid to start to be stably discharged through the filtered liquid discharge flow path;
(3) and (3) backwashing the filter element: when the filter element reaches the condition needing backwashing, the filtrate discharge flow path is closed, the backwashing flow path is opened, and gas reversely blows the prepared backwashing liquid into the backwashing tank 5 to backwash the filter element;
(4) and (3) an air exhaust and pressure relief stage: after the backwashing of the filter element is finished, opening an exhaust passage and a filtrate discharge flow path, and starting to exhaust and release pressure of the backwashing tank 5;
(5) and (5) after the backwashing tank 5 is exhausted and depressurized, repeating the operation of the steps (1) to (4).
The set value of the prepared backwash liquid in the backwash tank 5 is smaller than the discharge amount of the filtrate between the backwashing stages of the adjacent filter elements, and the set value of the prepared backwash liquid in the backwash tank 5 is larger than the filtrate dosage required by one backwashing.
The air supply source is a nitrogen source.
The backwashing flow path comprises a backwashing pipeline 2 and a backwashing valve 21 arranged on the backwashing pipeline 2, a liquid level switch 6 is arranged in a backwashing tank 5 communicated with the backwashing pipeline 2, an exhaust passage comprises an exhaust pipeline 4 communicated with the top of the backwashing tank 5 and an exhaust valve 41 arranged on the exhaust pipeline 4, the air supply passage comprises an air supply pipeline 3 one end of which is communicated with the backwashing tank 5 and the other end of which is externally connected with an air supply source and an air supply valve 31 arranged on the air supply pipeline 3, the filtrate discharge flow path comprises a filtrate discharge pipeline 1 and a filtrate discharge valve 11 arranged on the filtrate discharge pipeline 1, the backwashing valve 21, the liquid level switch 6, the exhaust valve 41, the air supply valve 31 and the filtrate discharge valve 11 are controlled by a control system 7, and the installation height of the backwashing tank 5 is lower than the installation height of an outlet of the filtrate discharge pipeline 1;
the step (1) is specifically as follows: the control system controls to open the exhaust valve 41, the backwashing valve 21 and the clear liquid outlet valve 11, the air supply valve 31 is closed by default, the control system 7 sets the inflow time of the prepared backwashing liquid, the clear liquid obtained by filtering of the filtering filter element enters the backwashing tank 5 through the backwashing flow path in the inflow time period of the prepared backwashing liquid, and the prepared backwashing liquid enables the air in the backwashing tank 5 to be exhausted through the exhaust channel;
the step (2) is specifically as follows: when the liquid level in the backwashing tank 5 reaches the liquid level switch 6, the liquid level switch 6 feeds back an electrical signal to the control system 7, the control system 7 controls to close the backwashing valve 21 and the exhaust valve 41 and open the gas supply valve 31, the gas supply pipeline 3 is communicated with the backwashing tank 5 so that gas enters the backwashing tank 5, and the filtered liquid starts to be stably discharged through a filtered liquid discharge flow path;
the step (3) is specifically as follows: when the control system 7 judges that the set backwashing cycle timing time is reached, the control system controls to close the clear liquid outlet valve 11 and open the backwashing valve 21, and gas reversely blows the filtered clear liquid in the backwashing tank 5 into the backwashing tank 5 to backwash the filter element within the backwashing duration time period set by the control system 7;
the step (4) is specifically as follows: after the control system 7 judges that the backwashing duration is over, the control system 7 controls to close the backwashing valve 21, close the air supply valve 31, open the exhaust valve 41 and the clear liquid outlet valve 11, and the exhaust and pressure relief of the backwashing tank 5 are completed within the exhaust and pressure relief time period of the backwashing tank 5 set by the control system 7;
the step (6) is specifically as follows: and (5) repeating the operations of the steps (1) to (4) after the control system 7 judges that the time for exhausting and decompressing the backwashing tank 5 is over.
When the liquid level switch 6 or each valve has a fault, the liquid level switch 6 or each valve feeds a fault signal back to the control system 7, and the control system 7 displays the fault alarm signal of the liquid level switch 6 or each valve on the alarm display screen 71 and/or controls the audible and visual alarm 72 to send out an alarm signal.
After the prepared backwash liquid flows into the backwash tank 5 for overtime, the control system 7 displays a liquid supplementing overtime alarm signal of the backwash tank 5 on the alarm display screen 71 and/or controls the audible and visual alarm 72 to send out an alarm signal.
The installation height of the liquid level switch 6 is lower than that of the air inlet of the air supply channel.
The backwashing valve 21, the liquid level switch 6, the exhaust valve 41 and the air supply valve 31 are all pneumatic ball valves.
And the inlet of the backwashing pipeline 2 and the inlet of the filtered clear liquid discharge pipeline 1 are communicated with a pipeline viewing mirror 8.
The filtering filter element is a filtering thickener filter element.
As shown in fig. 1, the backwashing flow path includes a backwashing pipeline 2, a backwashing valve 21 arranged on the backwashing pipeline 2, a liquid level switch 6 is arranged in a backwashing tank 5 communicated with the backwashing pipeline 2, the exhaust passage includes an exhaust pipeline 4 communicated with the top of the backwashing tank 5 and an exhaust valve 41 arranged on the exhaust pipeline 4, the air supply passage includes an air supply pipeline 3 with one end communicated with the backwashing tank 5 and the other end externally connected with an air supply source and an air supply valve 31 arranged on the air supply pipeline 3, the filtrate discharge flow path includes a filtrate discharge pipeline 1 and a filtrate discharge valve 11 arranged on the filtrate discharge pipeline 1, the backwashing valve 21, the liquid level switch 6, the exhaust valve 41, the air supply valve 31 and the filtrate discharge valve 11 are controlled by a control system 7, and the installation height of the backwashing tank 5 is lower than the installation height of the filtrate discharge pipeline 1;
the step (1) is specifically as follows: the control system 7 controls to open the exhaust valve 41, the backwashing valve 21 and the clear liquid outlet valve 11, the air supply valve 31 is closed by default, the control system 7 sets the inflow time of the prepared backwashing liquid, the clear liquid obtained by filtering of the filtering filter element enters the backwashing tank 5 through the backwashing flow path in the inflow time period of the prepared backwashing liquid, and the prepared backwashing liquid enables the air in the backwashing tank 5 to be exhausted through the exhaust channel;
the step (2) is specifically as follows: when the liquid level in the backwashing tank 5 reaches the liquid level switch 6, the liquid level switch 6 feeds back an electrical signal to the control system 7, the control system 7 controls to close the backwashing valve 21 and the exhaust valve 41 and open the gas supply valve 31, the gas supply pipeline 3 is communicated with the backwashing tank 5 so that gas enters the backwashing tank 5, and the filtered liquid starts to be stably discharged through a filtered liquid discharge flow path;
the step (3) is specifically as follows: when the control system 7 judges that the set backwashing cycle timing time is reached, the control system 7 controls to close the clear liquid outlet valve 11 and open the backwashing valve 21, and gas reversely blows the filtered clear liquid in the backwashing tank 5 into the backwashing tank 5 to backwash the filter element within the backwashing duration time period set by the control system 7;
the step (4) is specifically as follows: after the control system 7 judges that the backwashing duration is over, the control system 7 controls to close the backwashing valve 21, close the air supply valve 31, open the exhaust valve 41 and the clear liquid outlet valve 11, and the exhaust and pressure relief of the backwashing tank 5 are completed within the exhaust and pressure relief time period of the backwashing tank 5 set by the control system 7;
the step (6) is specifically as follows: and (5) repeating the operations of the steps (1) to (4) after the control system 7 judges that the time for exhausting and decompressing the backwashing tank 5 is over.
When the liquid level switch 6 or each valve has a fault, the liquid level switch 6 or each valve feeds a fault signal back to the control system 7, and the control system 7 displays the fault alarm signal of the liquid level switch 6 or each valve on the alarm display screen 71 and/or controls the audible and visual alarm 72 to send out an alarm signal. After the prepared backwash liquid flows into the backwash tank 5 for overtime, the control system 7 displays a liquid supplementing overtime alarm signal of the backwash tank 5 on the alarm display screen 71 and/or controls the audible and visual alarm 72 to send out an alarm signal. When the control system 7 sets system parameters, the 'backwashing cycle timing time' and the 'backwashing duration' are set according to the process requirements of the system, and the 'backwashing tank exhaust and pressure relief time' is ensured to completely release the residual pressure in the backwashing tank after the backwashing. The control mode has a perfect fault guarantee mechanism, backwash cycle timing time, backwash duration time and back flushing tank pressure relief time which can be flexibly set, automatic timing cycle backwashing of the filter element in the operation of the thickener is realized, and sufficient liquid is ensured when the back flushing tank is backwashed every time, so that nitrogen back flushing is avoided from flowing into the thickener.
In order to prevent the liquid level switch or the valve from malfunctioning, the control system 7 should interlock each valve and the liquid level switch through a program, thereby forming a protection early warning mechanism. After the liquid level switch or the valve is in fault, the liquid level switch or the valve feeds a fault signal back to the control system 7, the system alarms, the liquid level displays the valve fault, the audible and visual alarm acts and stops the machine, and technicians are waited to process the valve type, namely the valve type; after the liquid supplementing time of the back blowing tank is overtime, the system alarms that the liquid level displays 'liquid supplementing of the back blowing tank is overtime', the fault of the liquid level switch can definitely cause 'liquid supplementing of the back blowing tank to be overtime' alarm, in addition, the blockage of a filter element of a thickener causes insufficient clear volume, so that the liquid supplementing of the back blowing tank is slow, the 'liquid supplementing of the back blowing tank is overtime' alarm can be triggered, the liquid level switch action continues to execute the operation flow, and the audible and visual alarm action needs to wait for the treatment of technicians.
Preferably, the installation height of the liquid level switch 6 is lower than that of the air inlet of the air supply channel. The backwashing valve 21, the liquid level switch 6, the exhaust valve 41 and the air supply valve 31 are all pneumatic ball valves. And the inlet of the backwashing pipeline 2 and the inlet of the filtered clear liquid discharge pipeline 1 are communicated with a pipeline viewing mirror 8. The filtering filter element is a filtering thickener filter element. The control system 7 employs a PLC. The backwash flow path and the clear filtrate discharge flow path are both connected to the clear filtrate outlet of the filter device 9.
In conclusion, the filter element backwashing method has the advantages that the influence of backwashing on gas-liquid balance in the concentrator is reduced, the influence on the flux of the filter element caused by the fact that back flushing nitrogen enters a gas space at the top end of the filter element of the concentrator and is prevented, and the damage to the filter element caused by the fact that the nitrogen is back flushed to the filter element to cause the rapid liquid-gas alternate passing of the filter element is avoided. The invention also has a perfect fault guarantee mechanism, flexibly sets backwash cycle timing time, backwash duration time and back flushing tank pressure relief time, realizes automatic timing cycle backwash of the filter element in the operation of the thickener, and ensures sufficient liquid during each backwash of the back flushing tank so as to avoid nitrogen from being back flushed into the thickener.
The contents of the present invention have been explained above. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the above description without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The backwashing method of the filter element is characterized by comprising the following steps;
(1) a backwashing preparation stage: firstly, filtering clear liquid obtained by filtering of a filtering filter element enters a backwashing tank (5) through a backwashing flow path to be used as a prepared backwashing liquid, and the prepared backwashing liquid enables air in the backwashing tank (5) to be discharged from an exhaust passage;
(2) and (3) a conventional clear-out stage: after the liquid level of the prepared backwash liquid in the backwash tank (5) reaches a set value, closing the backwash flow path and the exhaust channel, opening the gas supply channel to enable gas to enter the backwash tank (5), and enabling the filtered liquid to start to be stably discharged through the filtered liquid discharge flow path;
(3) and (3) backwashing the filter element: when the filter element reaches the condition needing backwashing, the filtrate discharge flow path is closed, the backwashing flow path is opened, and gas reversely blows the prepared backwashing liquid into the backwashing tank (5) to backwash the filter element;
(4) and (3) an air exhaust and pressure relief stage: after the backwashing of the filter element is finished, opening an exhaust passage and a filtrate discharge flow path, and starting to exhaust and release pressure of the backwashing tank (5);
(5) and (5) after the backwashing tank (5) is exhausted and depressurized, repeating the operation of the steps (1) to (4).
2. A method for backwashing a filter cartridge according to claim 1, wherein a set value of a preliminary backwash liquid in the backwash tank (5) is smaller than a filtrate discharge amount between backwashing stages of adjacent filter cartridges, and the set value of the preliminary backwash liquid in the backwash tank (5) is larger than a filtrate amount required for one backwashing.
3. The method for backwashing a filter cartridge of claim 1, wherein the air supply source is a nitrogen source.
4. A filter cartridge backwashing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the backwashing flow path includes a backwashing pipe (2), a backwashing valve (21) disposed on the backwashing pipe (2), a liquid level switch (6) is disposed in a backwashing tank (5) communicated with the backwashing pipe (2), the exhaust passage includes an exhaust pipe (4) communicated with the top of the backwashing tank (5) and an exhaust valve (41) disposed on the exhaust pipe (4), the air supply passage includes an air supply pipe (3) having one end communicated with the backwashing tank (5) and the other end externally connected with an air supply source and an air supply valve (31) disposed on the air supply pipe (3), the filtrate discharge flow path includes a filtrate discharge pipe (1) and a filtrate discharge valve (11) disposed on the filtrate discharge pipe (1), and the backwashing valve (21) is controlled by the control system (7), The backwashing device comprises a liquid level switch (6), an exhaust valve (41), an air supply valve (31) and a clear liquid outlet valve (11), wherein the installation height of the backwashing tank (5) is lower than that of an outlet of a filtered clear liquid discharge pipeline (1);
the step (1) is specifically as follows: the control system (7) controls to open the exhaust valve (41), the backwashing valve (21) and the clear liquid outlet valve (11), the air supply valve (31) is closed by default, the control system (7) sets the inflow time of the prepared backwashing liquid, the filtered clear liquid obtained by filtering of the filtering filter element enters the backwashing tank (5) through a backwashing flow path in the inflow time period of the prepared backwashing liquid, and the prepared backwashing liquid enables the air in the backwashing tank (5) to be exhausted through the exhaust channel;
the step (2) is specifically as follows: when the liquid level in the backwashing tank (5) reaches the liquid level switch (6), the liquid level switch (6) feeds back an electric signal to the control system, the control system (7) controls to close the backwashing valve (21), the exhaust valve (41) and open the gas supply valve (31), the gas supply pipeline (3) is communicated with the backwashing tank (5) to enable gas to enter the backwashing tank (5), and the filtered liquid starts to be stably discharged through a filtered liquid discharge flow path;
the step (3) is specifically as follows: when the control system (7) judges that the set backwashing cycle timing time is reached, the control system controls to close the clear liquid outlet valve (11) and open the backwashing valve (21), and gas reversely blows the filtered clear liquid in the backwashing tank (5) into the backwashing tank (5) to backwash the filter element within the backwashing duration time period set by the control system;
the step (4) is specifically as follows: after the control system (7) judges that the backwashing duration is over, the control system controls to close the backwashing valve (21), close the air supply valve (31), open the exhaust valve (41) and output the clear liquid valve (11), and the exhaust and pressure relief of the backwashing tank (5) are completed within the exhaust and pressure relief time period of the backwashing tank (5) set by the control system;
the step (5) is specifically as follows: and (3) after the control system (7) judges that the time for exhausting and decompressing the backwashing tank (5) is over, the control system (7) controls to open the clear liquid outlet valve, and then the operations of the steps (1) to (4) are repeated.
5. The method for backwashing a filter cartridge according to claim 4, wherein when the liquid level switch (6) or each valve has a fault, the liquid level switch (6) or each valve feeds a fault signal back to the control system, and the control system (7) displays the fault alarm signal of the liquid level switch (6) or each valve on an alarm display screen (71) thereof and/or controls an audible and visual alarm (72) to send out the alarm signal.
6. A method for backwashing a filter cartridge according to claim 4, wherein the control system (7) displays an alarm signal for the backwash tank (5) on an alarm display screen (71) thereof when the inflow of the preliminary backwash liquid in the backwash tank (5) is excessive and/or controls an audible and visual alarm (72) to emit an alarm signal.
7. Method for backwashing a filter cartridge according to claim 4, wherein the level switch (6) is mounted at a height lower than the air inlet of the air supply channel.
8. The method for backwashing a filter cartridge according to claim 4, wherein the backwash valve (21), the liquid level switch (6), the exhaust valve (41), and the air supply valve (31) are all pneumatic ball valves.
9. The method for backwashing a filter cartridge according to claim 4, wherein the inlet of the backwashing pipe (2) and the inlet of the filtrate discharge pipe (1) are both communicated with a pipe sight glass (8).
10. The method for backwashing a filter cartridge of claim 4, wherein the filter cartridge is a filter concentrator cartridge.
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