CN113193407A

CN113193407A - Electrical connector

Info

Publication number: CN113193407A
Application number: CN202110518213.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何志立; 张文昌
Original assignee: Zhongshan Yide Electronics Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhongshan Yide Electronics Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-02
Filing date: 2021-05-12
Publication date: 2021-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-12
Also published as: CN113555714B; CN215600610U; CN113193407B; CN113555714A

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric connector, which comprises at least one electric property module, wherein the electric property module comprises: the terminal assemblies comprise two signal terminals with the same length, and the two signal terminals are arranged along a first direction to form a differential pair and are coupled by narrow edges; the insulation body is provided with a plurality of accommodating grooves which are arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and each accommodating groove is used for accommodating a corresponding terminal assembly; the shielding piece is only shielded on one side of the first side and the second side of each terminal assembly along the first direction, and one signal terminal in each differential pair is adjacent to the shielding piece relative to the other signal terminal in the first direction. The electric connector has good high-frequency performance, and can reduce the interference attack of the outward emission of the differential pair and reduce the interference to the outside.

Description

Electrical connector

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The present invention relates to an electrical connector, and more particularly, to an electrical connector with excellent high frequency performance.

[ background of the invention ]

With the increasing demand for high frequency performance of the electrical connector, the high frequency problem of the electrical connector becomes more and more prominent, and the design requirements of various indexes related to the high frequency performance of the electrical connector are also higher and higher, such as the magnitude of characteristic impedance, impedance consistency, signal transmission delay, interference noise, resonance, signal loss, external interference attack, large current transmission, and the like.

The debugging of each index is mutually influenced by a constraint, for example, in order to achieve the characteristic impedance required by the terminal, the cross section size of the terminal, the distance between the terminal and the shielding shell and the like need to be adjusted, and the cross section size of the terminal simultaneously influences the interference attack of the outward emission of the terminal and the large current transmission performance of the terminal, wherein the larger the cross section of the terminal is, the smaller the terminal impedance is, the larger the terminal impedance is, the terminal is easy to emit more interference attack to the outside, and the other terminals are influenced; the distance between the terminal and the shielding shell affects the shielding effect of the shielding shell, and further affects the size of interference noise received by the terminal. Therefore, under the condition that the requirement of the high-frequency performance of the electric connector is higher and higher, the selectable range of each index is smaller and smaller, and the difficulty of obtaining the electric connector with the required high-frequency performance is higher and higher, so that the adjustment of the high-frequency performance of the electric connector becomes a great problem in the industry.

Therefore, there is a need to design a new electrical connector with good high frequency performance to overcome the above problems.

[ summary of the invention ]

The invention aims to provide an electric connector, wherein the lengths of two signal terminals of a differential pair are equal, so that the signal transmission time delay of the two signal terminals is reduced, and the electric connector is beneficial to transmitting high-speed signals; the narrow side coupling improves a larger design space for the width adjustment of the signal terminals, and the width of each of the two signal terminals is convenient to adjust to obtain the required characteristic impedance; meanwhile, the shielding part is arranged on the first side or the second side of the terminal assembly, so that one of the signal terminals is close to the shielding part relative to the other signal terminal, the electrical length relation around the two signal terminals can be unbalanced, the resonance points of the two signal terminals are staggered, the superposition of energy peak values of crosstalk caused by the overlapping of the resonance points of the two signal terminals is avoided, larger energy is outwards diffused, and larger interference attack to external emission is avoided.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an electrical connector comprising at least one electrical module, the electrical module comprising: the terminal assemblies comprise two signal terminals with the same length, and the two signal terminals are arranged along a first direction to form a differential pair and are coupled by narrow edges; the insulating body is provided with a plurality of accommodating grooves which are arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and each accommodating groove is used for accommodating the corresponding terminal assembly; the shielding piece is only shielded on one side of the first side and the second side of each terminal assembly along the first direction, and one signal terminal in each differential pair is adjacent to the shielding piece relative to the other signal terminal in the first direction.

Further, the electrical connector has a plurality of electrical modules arranged in sequence along the first direction, and for one differential pair between the shields of two adjacent electrical modules, a distance between one of the signal terminals in the differential pair and the shield of the same electrical module is defined as a first distance, a distance between the other signal terminal in the differential pair and the shield of the adjacent electrical module is defined as a second distance, and the first distance is smaller than the second distance.

Furthermore, each accommodating groove is concavely arranged from one side of the insulating body along the first direction and does not penetrate through the insulating body along the first direction, the shielding piece is fixed on the insulating body, and each terminal assembly is located between the groove surface of the accommodating groove and the shielding piece along the first direction.

Furthermore, each terminal assembly further comprises a shielding shell which covers the outer sides of the two signal terminals and is electrically isolated from the signal terminals, the shielding shell is provided with two shielding side faces which are oppositely arranged in the first direction, the distance between the two shielding side faces and the two opposite outer sides of the differential pair is equal, and the shielding piece is in contact with one of the shielding side faces of the shielding shell.

Further, each of the signal terminals has a contact portion, a soldering portion and a connecting portion connected to the contact portion and the soldering portion, each of the terminal assemblies further includes an insulating block covering the differential pair, the shielding shell has a body portion surrounding the connecting portion, a transition portion extending from the body portion in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction in an inclined manner, and a head portion extending from the transition portion, the insulating block extends toward the contact portion beyond the transition portion, and an air gap is formed between the insulating block and the transition portion.

Further, the shielding shell comprises a first shielding body and a second shielding body which are mutually fixed through a plurality of fixing mechanisms, the first shielding body is provided with a first side surface and a second side surface which are oppositely arranged along the first direction, the second shielding body is provided with a third side surface and a fourth side surface which are oppositely arranged along the first direction, the first side surface and the third side surface are mutually fixed through at least one fixing mechanism to jointly form one of the shielding side surfaces, the second side surface and the fourth side surface are mutually fixed through at least one fixing mechanism to jointly form the other shielding side surface, and the shielding piece shields at least one part of the fixing mechanisms along the first direction.

Further, the first side and the third side are in contact with each other and partially overlap each other along the first direction, the second side and the fourth side are in contact with each other and partially overlap each other along the first direction, and projections of overlapping portions of the first side and the third side, the two differential pairs, and overlapping portions of the second side and the fourth side along the first direction overlap each other.

Further, the electrical connector has a plurality of electrical modules sequentially arranged along the first direction, the insulating body of each electrical module further includes a plurality of spacers, the plurality of spacers and the plurality of receiving slots are alternately arranged along the second direction, one spacer is disposed between every two adjacent receiving slots to separate two adjacent shielding cases, the shielding member has a plurality of openings, and at least a portion of each spacer passes through the corresponding opening.

Furthermore, the shielding member has a plurality of first spokes and a plurality of second spokes, each of the first spokes contacts with a plurality of shielding cases of the same electrical module, the plurality of second spokes are respectively fixed to the plurality of shielding cases, each of the second spokes extends along one of the shielding sides of the corresponding shielding case and contacts with the corresponding shielding side, and the plurality of first spokes and the plurality of second spokes are connected in a crossing manner to form a plurality of openings.

Furthermore, each shielding shell is provided with at least one inserting part which is convexly arranged towards the adjacent spacing part, the spacing part adjacent to the shielding shell is provided with at least one first fixing groove, and the first fixing groove is matched and fixed with the inserting part; each of the spacing portions is provided with at least one second fixing groove, a protruding portion is convexly arranged from the groove wall surface of each of the second fixing grooves towards the shielding member, each of the first spokes is provided with a plurality of through holes which are respectively matched and fixed with the plurality of protruding portions, the insulating body is provided with a plurality of second fixing grooves arranged along the extending direction of each of the first spokes, each of the first spokes is accommodated in the plurality of second fixing grooves arranged along the extending direction of the first spoke, and each of the second spokes is accommodated in the corresponding accommodating groove; each second fixing groove is communicated with the corresponding first fixing groove, and the plurality of inserting parts are exposed on the insulating body and are respectively shielded and contacted by the corresponding first spokes along the first direction.

Compared with the prior art, the electric connector provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the lengths of the two signal terminals of the differential pair are equal, so that the signal transmission time delay of the two signal terminals is reduced, the signal processing is prevented from being influenced by too large signal transmission time difference of the two signal terminals, and high-speed signal transmission and processing are facilitated; compared with the scheme that the two signal terminals are coupled in a broadside mode, the broadside coupling of the two signal terminals can improve a larger design space for adjusting the width of the signal terminals along the first direction, and is favorable for adjusting the width of each position of the two signal terminals to achieve the characteristic impedance required by each position of the signal terminals; meanwhile, the shielding piece is arranged on the first side or the second side of the terminal assembly, so that one signal terminal is close to the shielding piece relative to the other signal terminal, the electrical length relation around the two signal terminals can be unbalanced, the resonance points of the two signal terminals are staggered, the resonance points of the two signal terminals are prevented from being overlapped to cause the superposition of energy peak values which are dispersed outwards to form larger interference attack, and the influence on other terminals caused by the larger interference attack emitted outwards is avoided; furthermore, since some of the energy emitted from the differential pair to the outside is reflected by the shielding member, the reflected energy may cause the signal terminals to fluctuate and the signal waveforms to deform, and further, after the signal is transmitted to the relevant equipment, the relevant equipment may misjudge the deformed signal and the signal data may be lost, so that, compared with the case where the shielding member is disposed on both the first side and the second side of the terminal assembly, the present invention can reduce fluctuation of the signal terminals, avoid signal distortion, and reduce the risk of misjudgment and loss of the signal data, besides the unbalanced electrical length relationship around the two signal terminals; compared with the terminal assembly without the shielding piece arranged on the first side and the second side, the differential pair has the advantages that the electrical length relation around the two signal terminals is unbalanced, the shielding effect of the differential pair can be improved, and the interference of the outside on the signal terminals is reduced. In summary, the electrical connector provided by the invention comprehensively considers at least signal transmission delay, characteristic impedance adjustment, resonance, external interference attack and borne interference noise of the differential pair, and improves the high-frequency performance of the electrical connector.

[ description of the drawings ]

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an electrical connector and a mating connector in an electrical connection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention when the electrical connector and the mating connector are not mated;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an electrical connector and a mating connector in an electrical connection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention after the mating is completed;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an electrical connector and a mating connector in an electrical connection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention when unmated;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the electrical connector and the mating connector of the electrical connection assembly of the present invention after mating;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an electrical module according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of an electrical module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is an exploded view of a terminal assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a perspective view of a terminal assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a plan view of an electrical connector according to an embodiment of the present invention, viewed in a first direction;

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view taken at B-B;

fig. 12 is an exploded view of a docking connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a graph of the return loss of an electrical connector of the present invention compared to a conventional electrical connector;

fig. 14 is a graph of insertion loss curves for an electrical connector of the present invention and a prior art electrical connector;

FIG. 15 is a graph of impedance curves of signal terminals of the electrical connector of the present invention and a conventional electrical connector;

fig. 16 is a graph of near end crosstalk (NEXT) of an electrical connector of the present invention versus a prior art electrical connector;

fig. 17 is a far end crosstalk (FEXT) plot of an electrical connector of the present invention versus a conventional electrical connector.

Detailed description of the embodiments reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which:

electric connector assembly 1
				Electric connector 2	First insulating joint housing 3	Electrical module 4	Insulating body 41
Holding tank 411	Groove surface 4111	Spacer 412	First fixing groove 4121
				Second fixing groove 4122	Groove wall 41221	Projection 41222
Terminal assembly 5	Insulating block 51	First shot 511	First fixing portion 5111
				Second fixing part 5112	Second shot 512
Signal terminal 52	Contact 521	Connecting part 522	The docking portion 523
				Shielding case 53	Body portion 531	Transition 532	Head 533
First shielding side 534	Second shielding side 535	Plug-in connection 536
				First shield 537	First side 5371	Second side 5372	The first shielding surface 5373
Second shield 538	Third side 5381	Fourth side 5382	The second shielding surface 5383
				Fixing mechanism 6	Fixing hole 61	Fixing projection 62
Shielding 7	First spoke 71	Through hole 711	Second spoke 72
				Docking connector 8	Second insulating butting shell 81	Docking terminal assembly 82	Insulating cover 821
Butting terminal 822	Butt joint shielding shell 823	Grounding bar 83	Interference portion 831
				First substrate 9	Second substrate 10	Air gap 11
First distance D1	Second distance D2	Third distance D3	Fourth distance D4
				First direction X	Second direction Z	Third direction Y

[ detailed description ] embodiments

For a better understanding of the objects, structure, features, and functions of the invention, reference should be made to the drawings and detailed description that follow.

In order to facilitate understanding of the technical scheme of the invention, an X axis in three-dimensional coordinate axes in the drawings of the specification is defined as a first direction, a Z axis is defined as a second direction, a Y axis is defined as a third direction, and the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are mutually perpendicular in pairs.

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3 and fig. 5, an electrical connector assembly 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electrical connector 2 and a mating connector 8 mating with the electrical connector 2, wherein the electrical connector 2 is mated with one end of the mating connector 8 along the third direction Y, the electrical connector 2 is connected to a first substrate 9 along the second direction Z, and the other end of the mating connector 8 is electrically connected to a second substrate 10 along the third direction Y. Specifically, the electrical connector 2 is soldered to the first substrate 9 by a solder ball, and the mating connector 8 is soldered to the second substrate 10 by a solder ball.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 6, the electrical connector 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first insulating mating shell 3 and a plurality of electrical modules 4, wherein the first insulating mating shell is mated with the mating connector 8. The first insulating mating shell 3 has a containing cavity (not shown), a plurality of the electrical modules 4 are sequentially arranged in parallel along the first direction X, and a plurality of the electrical modules 4 are contained in the containing cavity along the third direction Y, each of the electrical modules 4 includes an insulating body 41 and a plurality of terminal assemblies 5 arranged in the insulating body 41 along the second direction Z.

Referring to fig. 1 and 12, the docking connector 8 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a second insulative docking shell 81, a plurality of docking terminal assemblies 82 fixed to the second insulative docking shell 81, and a plurality of grounding bars 83. Each of the mating terminal assemblies 82 includes an insulating cover 821, two mating terminals 822 fixed to the insulating cover 821, and a mating shield 823 covering the insulating cover 821 and the two mating terminals 822. Each of the docking terminal assemblies 82 is docked with a corresponding one of the terminal assemblies 5, specifically, the docking shield 823 of each of the docking terminal assemblies 82 is docked with the shield 53 of the corresponding terminal assembly 5, and the two docking terminals 822 of each of the docking terminal assemblies 82 are docked with the pair of signal terminals 52 of the corresponding terminal assembly 5. The plurality of the mating terminal assemblies 82 are arranged in a plurality of rows, the plurality of the mating terminal assemblies 82 in each row are arranged along the first direction X, each of the grounding bars 83 extends along the first direction X, and the plurality of the mating shielding shells 823 in each row simultaneously contact with a corresponding one of the grounding bars 83, so that the potentials of the plurality of the mating shielding shells 823 in the same row are equal, thereby improving the high-frequency performance of the mating connector 8. Two interference portions 831 are disposed to protrude outward from two ends of each ground strip 83 in the first direction X, and each ground strip 83 is fixed to the second insulation butting shell 81 by the two interference portions 831.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in the electrical connector 2, each of the electrical modules 4 includes the insulating body 41, a plurality of terminal assemblies 5 and a shielding member 7. Each of the terminal assemblies 5 includes two signal terminals 52 with equal length, the two signal terminals 52 are arranged along the first direction X to form a differential pair and are coupled at their narrow sides, the insulation body 41 has a plurality of receiving slots 411 and a plurality of spacing portions 412, and the receiving slots 411 and the spacing portions 412 are arranged alternately along the second direction Z. The plurality of terminal assemblies 5 are respectively accommodated in the corresponding accommodating slots 411, and one of the spacing parts 412 is arranged between two adjacent accommodating slots 411 along the second direction Z to space two adjacent terminal assemblies 5, so that the insulation body 41 and the terminal assemblies 5 are convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the damaged terminal assemblies 5 are convenient to assemble or maintain and replace. Further, each of the receiving slots 411 is formed by being recessed from one side of the insulating body 41 along the first direction X, and each of the receiving slots 411 does not penetrate through the insulating body 41 along the first direction X, the shielding member 7 is fixed to the insulating body 41, and each of the terminal assemblies 5 is located between the slot surface 4111 of the receiving slot 411 and the shielding member 7 along the first direction X. Therefore, each shielding shell 53 is clamped between the groove surface 4111 of the receiving groove 411 and the shielding member 7, and the overall structure among the terminal assembly 5, the shielding member 7 and the insulating body 41 is stable, so that the structural stability of the electrical connector 2 is improved, the problem that the butt joint of the electrical connector 2 and the butting connector 8 is affected due to the unstable structure of the electrical connector 2 is avoided, and the normal use of the electrical connector 2 is ensured.

Referring to fig. 6 to 9, each of the terminal assemblies 5 includes an insulating block 51, two signal terminals 52 fixed to the insulating block 51, and a shielding shell 53 covering the insulating block 51 and the two signal terminals 52. The shielding element 7 is fixed to the insulating body 41, and both the shielding element 7 and the shielding shell 53 are electrically isolated from the signal terminal 52. Each of the signal terminals 52 has a contact portion 521, a connecting portion 523 and a connecting portion 522 connecting the contact portion 521 and the connecting portion 523, in this embodiment, the insulating block 51 is fixed to the connecting portion 522 of the signal terminal 52.

Referring to fig. 6 to 9 and fig. 11, in each of the terminal assemblies 5, the two signal terminals 52 have equal lengths and are arranged along the first direction X to form a differential pair, and the two signal terminals 52 are coupled at their narrow sides. Defining two sides of the terminal assembly 5 in the first direction X as a first side and a second side, respectively, the shield 7 is shielded from only one of the first side and the second side of the terminal assembly 5 along the first direction X, and one of the signal terminals 52 in the differential pair is adjacent to the shield 7 in the first direction X relative to the other signal terminal 52. Therefore, the lengths of the two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair are equal, the signal transmission time delay of the two signal terminals 52 is reduced, the signal processing is prevented from being influenced by too large signal transmission time difference of the two signal terminals 52, and high-speed signal transmission and processing are facilitated; compared with the scheme that the two signal terminals 52 are coupled in a broadside manner, the broadside coupling of the two signal terminals 52 of the present invention can improve a larger design space for the width adjustment of the signal terminal 52 along the first direction X, and is beneficial to adjusting the widths of the two signal terminals 52 to achieve the required characteristic impedance of the signal terminal 52; meanwhile, the shielding member 7 is arranged only on the first side or the second side of the terminal assembly 5, so that one of the signal terminals 52 is close to the shielding member 7 relative to the other signal terminal 52, the electrical length relationship around the two signal terminals 52 can be unbalanced, the resonance points of the two signal terminals 52 are staggered with each other, the resonance points of the two signal terminals 52 are prevented from overlapping to cause the superposition of energy peaks which are outwardly dispersed to form a large interference attack, and the influence on the other terminals caused by the large interference attack which is outwardly emitted is avoided; furthermore, since some of the energy emitted from the differential pair is reflected by the shielding member 7, the reflected energy may cause the signal terminals 52 to fluctuate and the signal waveforms to deform, and further, after the signal is transmitted to the relevant equipment, the relevant equipment may misjudge the deformed signal and the signal data may be lost, so that, compared with the case where the shielding member 7 is disposed on both the first side and the second side of the terminal assembly 5, the present invention can reduce fluctuation of the signal terminals 52, improve the accuracy of signal transmission, and reduce the risk of misjudgment and packet loss of the signal data, besides the electrical length relationship around the two signal terminals 52 is unbalanced; compared with the terminal assembly 5 without the shielding member 7 on the first side and the second side, the present invention can not only make the electrical length relationship around the two signal terminals 52 unbalanced, but also improve the shielding effect for the differential pair and reduce the interference of the outside to the signal terminals 52. In summary, the electrical connector 2 provided by the present invention considers at least the signal transmission delay, the characteristic impedance adjustment, the resonance, the external interference attack, and the borne interference noise of the differential pair comprehensively, and improves the high-frequency performance of the electrical connector 2.

Referring to fig. 11, in each of the terminal assemblies 5, the shielding shell 53 has two shielding sides oppositely disposed in the first direction X, the two shielding sides are a first shielding side 534 and a second shielding side 535, the two opposite outer sides of the differential pair in the first direction X are located at the two signal terminals 52, respectively, and the distances between the first shielding side 534 and the second shielding side 535 and the two opposite outer sides of the differential pair are equal. Specifically, the first shielding side 534 is adjacent to one of the signal terminals 52, the second shielding side 535 is adjacent to the other signal terminal 52, the distance between the first shielding side 534 and the adjacent signal terminal 52 is defined as a third distance D3, the distance between the second shielding side 535 and the adjacent signal terminal 52 is defined as a fourth distance D4, and the third distance D3 is equal to the fourth distance D4. Further, the shield 7 is in contact with the first shield side 534 or the second shield side 535 of the shield case 53. Therefore, the shielding case 53 can effectively shield the signal terminals 52 from interfering signals, and since the third distance D3 is greater than the fourth distance D4, it is advantageous to adjust the impedance uniformity of the two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair, and it is possible to avoid a state in which the unbalanced electrical length relationship around the two signal terminals 52 by the shielding member 7 is cancelled out due to the asymmetric distance between the two signal terminals 52 and the first shielding side 534 and the second shielding side 535, respectively, and it is possible to effectively maintain the unbalanced electrical length relationship around the two signal terminals 52, ensure that the resonance points of the two signal terminals 52 can be staggered, and effectively reduce the peak superposition effect of crosstalk energy.

Referring to fig. 6 to 10, each of the shielding cases 53 includes a first shielding body 537 and a second shielding body 538 fixed to each other by a plurality of fixing mechanisms 6, and the first shielding body 537 and the second shielding body 538 are U-shaped structures disposed opposite to each other. The first shield 537 has a first side surface 5371 and a second side surface 5372 which are oppositely arranged along the first direction X, and the first shield 537 further includes a first shielding surface 5373 connecting the first side surface 5371 and the second side surface 5372; the second shield 538 has a third side 5381 and a fourth side 5382 opposite to each other along the first direction X, the second shield 538 further includes a second shield surface 5383 connecting the third side 5381 and the fourth side 5382, and the first shield surface 5373 and the second shield surface 5383 are opposite to each other along the second direction Z. The first side 5371 and the third side 5381 are fixed to each other by at least one of the fixing mechanisms 6 to form together one of the shielding sides of the shielding shell 53; the second side surface 5372 and the fourth side surface 5382 are fixed to each other by at least one of the fixing mechanisms 6 to form the other shielding side surface of the shielding case 53 together. The shield 7 shields at least one of the securing mechanisms 6 in the first direction X. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the shielding member 7 shields at least one of the fixing mechanisms 6 located on the first shielding side 534. In this embodiment, each of the fixing mechanisms 6 includes a fixing hole 61 disposed on the first side 5371 or the second side 5372 of the first shield 537 and a fixing protrusion 62 disposed on the third side 5381 or the fourth side 5382 of the second shield 538, and each of the fixing protrusions 62 is limited by the corresponding fixing hole 61, and in other embodiments, the fixing mechanism 6 may have other structures, such as a snap mechanism (not shown), a clamping structure (not shown), and the like. Thereby, the shield case 53 is formed by the first shield 537 and the second shield 538 fixed to each other, facilitating the assembly of the pair of signal terminals 52 into the shield case 53; the shielding member 7 shields part of the fixing mechanism 6, so that a gap existing at the position of the fixing mechanism 6 can be shielded, signal leakage is reduced, and the high-frequency performance of the electric connector 2 is improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 11, the first side 5371 and the third side 5381 contact and partially overlap each other along the first direction X, and the second side 5372 and the fourth side 5382 contact and partially overlap each other along the first direction X, wherein projections of an overlapping portion of the first side 5371 and the third side 5381, two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair, and an overlapping portion of the second side 5372 and the fourth side 5382 along the first direction X overlap each other. Therefore, since a thicker shielding material may exist at the overlapping portion of the first side 5371 and the third side 5381, a thicker shielding material may also exist at the overlapping portion of the second side 5372 and the fourth side 5382, and since the two signal terminals 52 overlap with the projection of the overlapping portion along the first direction X, the two sides of the two signal terminals 52 are aligned to the overlapping portion, and the overlapping portion can reduce the interference attack of the differential pair to the external emission, and particularly, when the signal frequency transmitted by the differential pair is higher and the wall penetrating capability of the signal is higher, the thicker shielding material overlapping portion can effectively reduce the interference attack of the differential pair to the external emission.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the shielding shell 53 has a main body 531, a transition portion 532 and a head portion 533, the main body 531 is disposed around the connecting portion 522 of the pair of signal terminals 52, the transition portion 532 extends from the main body 531 along the third direction Y, the head portion 533 extends from the transition portion 532, and in this embodiment, the head portion 533 is configured to be abutted with the mating shielding shell 823 of the mating connector 8. The insulator block 51 extends beyond the transition 532 of the shield case 53 toward the contact 521, and an air gap 11 is provided between the insulator block 51 and the transition 532. Thereby, the insulating block 51 extends beyond the transition portion 532 toward the contact portion 521, the signal terminal 52 can be effectively supported, the transition portion 532 of the shielding shell 53 extends in an enlarged manner, and the head portion 533 extends from the transition portion 532, so that the transition portion 532 and the head portion 533 can be enlarged relative to the body portion 531, the distance between the shielding shell 53 and the contact portion 521 of the signal terminal 52 can be enlarged, the signal terminal 52 is prevented from contacting the shielding shell 53, and the impedance of the contact portion 521 is reduced due to the thickness of the butt terminal 822 being superimposed on the contact portion 521, the impedance of the contact portion 521 is drawn back by enlarging the distance between the shielding shell 53 and the contact portion 521, thereby adjusting the impedance uniformity of the signal terminal 52; meanwhile, an air gap 11 is formed between the insulating block 51 and the transition part 532, so that the air gap 11 can allow a certain error to exist in the inclination angle of the transition part 532, and the insulating block 51 is prevented from being assembled to the shielding shell 53 due to the error existing in the inclination angle of the transition part 532. In this embodiment, the main body 531 of the shielding shell 53 is received in the corresponding receiving slot 411, and the transition portion 532 and the head portion 533 expose the insulating body 41, but the receiving slot 411 may be configured to receive the transition portion 532 and the head portion 533 in other embodiments, which is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 10, the shielding member 7 has a plurality of first spokes 71 and a plurality of second spokes 72, each of the first spokes 71 contacts with a plurality of shielding cases 53 of the same electrical module 4, the plurality of second spokes 72 are correspondingly fixed to the plurality of shielding cases 53, each of the second spokes 72 extends along one of the shielding sides of the corresponding shielding case 53 and contacts with the corresponding shielding side, and the plurality of second spokes 72 cross the plurality of first spokes 71 to form a plurality of openings. In the present embodiment, each of the second spokes 72 extends along the corresponding first shielding side 534 of the shielding shell 53 and contacts the corresponding first shielding side 534. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, each of the shielding members 7 has three first spokes 71, and the number of the second spokes 72 is the same as the number of the terminal assemblies 5 of each of the electrical modules 4, but in other embodiments, the number of the first spokes 71 of the shielding member 7 is not limited to three, and may be other numbers, which are not limited herein. Therefore, the shielding shells 53 of the same electrical module 4 can be conducted with each other through the first spoke 71, so that the potentials of the shielding shells 53 of the same electrical module 4 are equal and an integral grounding structure is formed, the shielding effect of the shielding shells 53 of the same electrical module 4 is improved, and the high-frequency performance of the electrical connector 2 is improved; each second spoke 72 of the shielding element 7 contacts with the corresponding shielding side surface, so that the contact area between the shielding shell 53 and the shielding element 7 is increased, the electrical conduction between the shielding shell 53 and the shielding element 7 is ensured, and the high-frequency performance of the electrical connector 2 is improved, meanwhile, the second spokes 72 can also stop the shielding shell 53 along the first direction X, and the shielding shell 53 is prevented from being excessively displaced along the first direction X and even being separated from the receiving slot 411; furthermore, the plurality of first spokes 71 and the plurality of second spokes 72 of the shielding member 7 are connected in a cross manner to form a net structure, so that the structure of the shielding member 7 is stable and is not easy to deform; meanwhile, a transmission path can be added for grounding the shielding shell 53, so that the noise signal can be led out of the electrical connector 2 more quickly. Further, after at least a portion of each of the spacers 412 passes through the corresponding opening, so that the spacers 412 of the electrical modules 4 can abut against the insulating body 41 of the adjacent electrical module 4 after the plurality of electrical modules 4 are arranged along the first direction X, and thus, compared with the case where the shields 7 of the electrical modules 4 abut against the insulating body 41 of the adjacent electrical module 4, the shields 7 of the present invention can be further away from the differential pairs of the adjacent electrical modules 4, so as to effectively maintain the unbalanced electrical length relationship between the two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair between the two shields 7 of the adjacent electrical modules 4, ensure that the resonance points of the two signal terminals 52 are staggered, and reduce the interference attack of the external radiation of the differential pair. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the opening is defined by the first spoke 71 and the second spoke 72 being connected in a crossing manner, and in other embodiments, the opening may be formed in other manners, for example, when the plurality of first spokes 71 and the plurality of second spokes 72 are not provided in the shield 7, the opening is directly formed on the plate surface of the shield 7, and at least a part of the spacing portion 412 passes through the opening, which is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 7 to 9, in each of the electrical modules 4, each of the shielding shells 53 has a plurality of inserting portions 536 protruding toward one of the adjacent spacing portions 412, the spacing portion 412 adjacent to the shielding shell 53 has a plurality of first fixing grooves 4121, and the first fixing grooves 4121 are matched and fixed with the inserting portions 536. Therefore, the shield case 53 can be limited by the plug 536 and the first fixing groove 4121, so that the displacement of the shield case 53 relative to the insulating body 41 is reduced, and the structural stability of the electrical connector 2 is provided. In this embodiment, the first shielding side 534 and the second shielding side 535 of each shielding shell 53 are provided with the inserting-connecting part 536 to be fixed on the corresponding first fixing groove 4121; in other embodiments, the plug 536 may be disposed at other positions of the shielding shell 53, for example, the plug 536 is fixed to the second shielding surface 5383 of the shielding shell 53 by welding, as long as it can be matched with the first fixing groove 4121 of the spacer 412, which is not limited herein. In this embodiment, the plug parts 536 can at least limit the displacement of the shielding shell 53 in the third direction Y relative to the insulating body 41, each of the first fixing grooves 4121 extends along the first direction X, and the plug parts 536 of the first shielding sides 534 and the plug parts 536 of the second shielding sides 535 at the same position are jointly received in the same first fixing groove 4121, that is, two plug parts 536 are received in one first fixing groove 4121; of course, in other embodiments, only one of the plug-in connection parts 536 may be received in one of the first fixing grooves 4121, which is not limited herein. In the present embodiment, each of the shielding shells 53 has a plurality of the plug-in parts 536, and in other embodiments, one plug-in part 536 of each of the shielding shells 53 may be provided, which is not limited herein. Further, in the same electrical module 4, three second fixing grooves 4122 are respectively formed in the spacing portion 412 between two adjacent receiving grooves 411 corresponding to the three first spokes 71, a protruding portion 41222 is protruded from a groove wall surface 41221 of each second fixing groove 4122 toward the shielding member 7, each first spoke 71 is provided with a plurality of through holes 711 respectively matched and fixed with the plurality of protruding portions 41222, the insulating body 41 is arranged with a plurality of second fixing grooves 4122 along the extending direction of each first spoke 71, each first spoke 71 is received in the plurality of second fixing grooves 4122 arranged along the extending direction, and each second spoke 72 is received in the corresponding receiving groove 411. Moreover, each of the second fixing grooves 4122 is communicated with the corresponding first fixing groove 4121, and the plurality of inserting parts 536 are exposed to the insulating body 41 and are respectively shielded and contacted by the corresponding first spoke 71 along the first direction X. Therefore, the protruding portion 41222 and the through hole 711 are fixed in a matching manner, so that the shielding member 7 can be stably fixed to the insulating body 41, and the first spoke 71 is received in the corresponding second fixing groove 4122, so that the shielding member 7 can be inserted into the insulating body 41, and when a plurality of electrical modules 4 are sequentially arranged along the first direction X, the insulating bodies 41 of two adjacent electrical modules 4 can tightly lean against each other, thereby improving the overall structure of the electrical connector 2 to be compact. Meanwhile, the first spoke 71 contacts and shields the plug part 536 exposed to the insulating body 41, so that the contact area between the shielding member 7 and the shielding shell 53 can be increased, and deformation such as tilting and twisting caused by the exposed plug part 536 can be prevented. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, each of the shielding members 7 has three first spokes 71, and accordingly, in order to receive each of the first spokes 71, each of the spacing portions 412 is provided with three second fixing grooves 4122, but in other embodiments, the number of the first spokes 71 of each of the shielding members 7 may be other numbers, and accordingly, the number of the second fixing grooves 4122 of each of the spacing portions 412 is not limited to three, and may also be other numbers.

Referring to fig. 3 and 8, the insulation block 51 includes a first injection-molded part 511 and a second injection-molded part 512, and the first injection-molded part 511 is molded on the connection portion 522, and then the second injection-molded part 512 is molded on the first injection-molded part 511 and the signal terminal 52. The first injection-molded part 511 has a plurality of fixing portions by which a mold fixes the first signal terminal 52 and the first injection-molded part 511 in position when the second injection-molded part 512 is molded. Specifically, the plurality of fixing portions include a first fixing portion 5111 and a second fixing portion 5112, and when the second injection-molded part 512 is molded, the first injection-molded part 511 and the signal terminal 52 are fixed in the second direction Z by the first fixing portion 5111, and the first injection-molded part 511 and the signal terminal 52 are fixed in the first direction X by the second fixing portion 5112. It should be noted that, if the insulating block 51 is formed by only one injection molding process, the mold clamps the signal terminals 52 for positioning, and after the molding, the mold is removed, the position where the signal terminals 52 are clamped by the mold is exposed to the insulating block 51, so that the media around the connecting portion 522 are different, which may affect the impedance uniformity of the signal terminals 52. The second injection molding part 512 of the present invention does not need a mold to clamp the signal terminal 52, and after the insulation block 51 is completely molded, the connection part 522 can be completely covered in the insulation material, and the medium around the connection part 522 is the same, which is beneficial to the impedance consistency of the connection part 522.

Referring to fig. 2 and 11, the electrical connector 2 has a plurality of electrical modules 4 sequentially arranged along the first direction X, and for one differential pair between the shields 7 of two adjacent electrical modules 4, a distance between one of the signal terminals 52 of the differential pair and the shield 7 of the same electrical module 4 is defined as a first distance D1, a distance between the other signal terminal 52 of the differential pair and the shield 7 of the adjacent electrical module 4 is defined as a second distance D2, and the first distance D1 is smaller than the second distance D2. Therefore, the first distance D1 is smaller than the second distance D2, so that the distance between the differential pair and the two shields 7 of the two adjacent electrical modules 4 is equal, the electrical length relationship of the differential pair is prevented from being evenly distributed, the electrical length relationship of the two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair is effectively maintained to be unbalanced, the resonance points of the two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair can be staggered even when the electrical modules 4 are arranged in sequence, and the interference attack of the outward emission of the differential pair is reduced. Further, in this embodiment, the accommodating slot 411 does not penetrate through the insulating body 41 along the first direction X, the shielding member 7 is made of a metal material, the insulating body 41 is not uniformly distributed on the first side and the second side of the terminal assembly 5, that is, a side of the insulating body 41 far away from the shielding member 7 has a thicker insulating material, and a side of the insulating body 41 close to the shielding member 7 has a thinner insulating material. Therefore, the strength of the metal material is greater than that of the insulating material, even if the insulating material on the side of the insulating body 41 close to the shielding member 7 is thinner, the strength of the electrical module 4 can be relatively even, and compared with the case where the insulating material on both sides of the terminal assembly 5 is thicker, the material consumption of the insulating body 41 can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the structural stability of the electrical module 4.

The electrical connector of the present invention and the conventional electrical connector are used as examples to describe the return loss, insertion loss, impedance, near-end crosstalk, and far-end crosstalk when the electrical connector of the present invention is used.

As shown in fig. 13, in most frequency bands, the return loss of the structure of the present invention is greater than that of the existing structure, and compared with the existing structure, the present invention reduces the influence of the reflected signal on the overall system. As shown in fig. 14, at an operating frequency of 12GHZ, the insertion loss of the structure of the present invention is close to 0 compared with the insertion loss of the conventional structure, and particularly in a high frequency band, the insertion loss of the structure of the present invention is much smaller than the insertion loss of the conventional structure, and is more suitable for high frequency transmission. As shown in fig. 15, which shows the time of signal transmission at the signal terminal, the time of fig. 15 indirectly reflects the impedance at different positions of the signal terminal since the signal is transmitted from one end to the other end of the signal terminal; as can be seen from fig. 15, the fluctuation range of the impedance of the structure of the present invention is smaller than that of the conventional structure, and the structure of the present invention has better impedance consistency. As shown in fig. 16 to 17, which show the near-end crosstalk (NEXT) and far-end crosstalk (FEXT) from other differential pairs borne by one differential pair, it can be seen from fig. 16 to 17 that the near-end crosstalk (NEXT) and the far-end crosstalk (FEXT) of the structure of the present invention are both higher than the near-end crosstalk (NEXT) and far-end crosstalk (FEXT) values of the prior structure, and as known to those skilled in the art, the high NEXT value and high FXET value correspond to low crosstalk and better transmission performance, reflecting that the less interference energy radiated outward by the differential pairs is. As can be seen from fig. 13 to 17, the electrical connector of the present invention has improved return loss, insertion loss, impedance, near-end crosstalk and far-end crosstalk to different degrees, and has small overall signal distortion and greatly improved high-frequency transmission performance.

In summary, the electrical connector 2 provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

1. the lengths of the two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair are equal, so that the signal transmission time delay of the two signal terminals 52 is reduced, the influence on signal processing caused by too large signal transmission time difference of the two signal terminals 52 is avoided, and high-speed signal transmission and processing are facilitated; the narrow-side coupling of the two signal terminals 52 can improve a larger design space for adjusting the width of the signal terminal 52 along the first direction X, which is beneficial to adjusting the width of each of the two signal terminals 52 to achieve the required characteristic impedance of each of the signal terminals 52; meanwhile, the shielding piece 7 is arranged only on the first side or the second side of the terminal assembly 5, so that the phenomenon that the resonance points of the two signal terminals 52 are overlapped to cause the energy peaks which are radiated outwards to be overlapped to form larger interference attack is avoided, and the phenomenon that the other terminals are influenced by the larger interference attack which is radiated outwards is avoided; further, compared with the case that the shielding members 7 are arranged on both the first side and the second side of the terminal assembly 5, the fluctuation of the signal terminals 52 can be reduced, and signal distortion can be avoided, so that the risks of misjudgment and packet loss of signal data can be reduced; the present invention combines a number of criteria to provide the high frequency performance of the electrical connector 2.

2. By the first distance D1 being smaller than the second distance D2, the distance between the differential pair and the two shields 7 of the two adjacent electrical modules 4 can be prevented from being equal, so that the electrical length relationship of the differential pair is uniformly distributed, the electrical length relationship of the two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair is effectively maintained to be unbalanced, the resonance points of the two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair can be staggered under the condition that a plurality of electrical modules 4 are sequentially arranged, and the interference attack of the outward emission of the differential pair is reduced.

3. The shielding shell 53 can effectively shield the signal terminal 52 from interference signals, and reduce interference noise of the differential pair from the outside; moreover, since the distances between the first shielding side 534 and the second shielding side 535 of the shielding shell 53 and the two opposite outer sides of the differential pair are equal (i.e. the third distance D3 is equal to the fourth distance D4), it is beneficial to adjust the impedance uniformity of the two signal terminals 52 of the differential pair, and it can avoid the situation that the distance between the two signal terminals 52 and the first shielding side 534 and the second shielding side 535, respectively, is asymmetric, so as to cancel the unbalanced electrical length relationship around the two signal terminals 52 realized by the shielding member 7, and can effectively maintain the unbalanced electrical length relationship around the two signal terminals 52, ensure that the resonance points of the two signal terminals 52 can be staggered, effectively reduce the peak superposition effect of crosstalk energy, and reduce the interference attack of outward emission.

4. The insulating block 51 extends beyond the transition portion 532 towards the contact portion 521, so as to effectively support the signal terminal 52, the transition portion 532 of the shielding shell 53 extends in an enlarged manner, and the head portion 533 extends from the transition portion 532, so that the transition portion 532 and the head portion 533 can be enlarged relative to the body portion 531, the distance between the shielding shell 53 and the contact portion 521 of the signal terminal 52 can be enlarged, the contact portion 521 of the signal terminal 52 is prevented from contacting the shielding shell 53, and the impedance of the contact portion 521 is reduced due to the thickness of the butt terminal 822 superposed on the contact portion 521; meanwhile, an air gap 11 is formed between the insulating block 51 and the transition part 532, so that the air gap 11 can allow a certain error to exist in the inclination angle of the transition part 532, and the insulating block 51 is prevented from being assembled to the shielding shell 53 due to the error existing in the inclination angle of the transition part 532.

5. Forming the shield case 53 by the first shield 537 and the second shield 538 fixed to each other facilitates assembling the pair of signal terminals 52 into the shield case 53; the shielding member 7 shields part of the fixing mechanism 6, so that a gap existing at the position of the fixing mechanism 6 can be shielded, signal leakage is reduced, and the high-frequency performance of the electric connector 2 is improved.

The above detailed description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, all technical changes that can be made by applying the present specification and the drawings are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical connector comprising at least one electrical module, the electrical module comprising:

the terminal assemblies comprise two signal terminals with the same length, and the two signal terminals are arranged along a first direction to form a differential pair and are coupled by narrow edges;

the insulating body is provided with a plurality of accommodating grooves which are arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and each accommodating groove is used for accommodating the corresponding terminal assembly;

the shielding piece is only shielded on one side of the first side and the second side of each terminal assembly along the first direction, and one signal terminal in each differential pair is adjacent to the shielding piece relative to the other signal terminal in the first direction.

2. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein the electrical connector has a plurality of the electrical modules arranged in sequence along the first direction, and wherein for one of the differential pairs between the shields of two adjacent electrical modules, a distance between one of the signal terminals in the differential pair and the shield of the same electrical module is defined as a first distance, and a distance between the other of the signal terminals in the differential pair and the shield of the adjacent electrical module is defined as a second distance, and the first distance is smaller than the second distance.

3. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein each of the receiving slots is recessed from a side of the housing along the first direction and does not extend through the housing along the first direction, the shield is fixed to the housing, and each of the terminal assemblies is located between a slot surface of the receiving slot and the shield along the first direction.

4. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein each of said terminal assemblies further comprises a shielding shell covering and electrically isolating two of said signal terminals, said shielding shell having two shielding sides oppositely disposed in said first direction, the distance between said two shielding sides and two opposite outer sides of said differential pair being equal, said shielding member contacting one of said shielding sides of said shielding shell.

5. The electrical connector of claim 4, wherein each of said signal terminals has a contact portion, a solder portion and a connecting portion connected to said contact portion and said solder portion, each of said terminal assemblies further includes an insulative block covering said differential pair, said shield shell has a body portion surrounding said connecting portion, a transition portion extending from said body portion in a third direction perpendicular to said first direction and said second direction and extending obliquely from said transition portion, said insulative block extends toward said contact portion beyond said transition portion, and said insulative block has an air gap with said transition portion.

6. The electrical connector of claim 4, wherein the shield shell includes a first shield and a second shield secured to each other by a plurality of securing mechanisms, the first shield having first and second sides oppositely disposed along the first direction, the second shield having third and fourth sides oppositely disposed along the first direction, the first and third sides being secured to each other by at least one of the securing mechanisms to collectively form one of the shield sides, the second and fourth sides being secured to each other by at least one of the securing mechanisms to collectively form the other of the shield sides, the shield shielding at least partially shielding the securing mechanisms along the first direction.

7. The electrical connector of claim 6, wherein the first side and the third side contact and partially overlap along the first direction, the second side and the fourth side contact and partially overlap along the first direction, wherein a projection of the overlapping portion of the first side and the third side, the two differential pairs, and the overlapping portion of the second side and the fourth side along the first direction overlap.

8. The electrical connector of claim 4, wherein the electrical connector has a plurality of the electrical modules sequentially arranged along the first direction, the insulative housing of each electrical module further includes a plurality of spacers, the plurality of spacers and the plurality of receiving slots are alternately arranged along the second direction, one spacer is disposed between every two adjacent receiving slots to separate two adjacent shielding cases, the shielding member has a plurality of openings, and at least a portion of each spacer passes through the corresponding opening.

9. The electrical connector of claim 8, wherein the shielding member has a plurality of first spokes and a plurality of second spokes, each of the first spokes contacting a plurality of shielding shells of the same electrical module, the plurality of second spokes being fixed to the plurality of shielding shells, each of the second spokes extending along one of the shielding sides of the corresponding shielding shell and contacting the corresponding shielding side, the plurality of first spokes and the plurality of second spokes being connected to form the plurality of openings in a crossing manner.

10. The electrical connector of claim 9, wherein each of the shielding shells has at least one insertion portion protruding toward the adjacent spacing portion, the adjacent spacing portion has at least one first fixing groove, and the first fixing groove is fixed to the insertion portion;

each of the spacing portions is provided with at least one second fixing groove, a protruding portion is convexly arranged from the groove wall surface of each of the second fixing grooves towards the shielding member, each of the first spokes is provided with a plurality of through holes which are respectively matched and fixed with the plurality of protruding portions, the insulating body is provided with a plurality of second fixing grooves arranged along the extending direction of each of the first spokes, each of the first spokes is accommodated in the plurality of second fixing grooves arranged along the extending direction of the first spoke, and each of the second spokes is accommodated in the corresponding accommodating groove;

each second fixing groove is communicated with the corresponding first fixing groove, and the plurality of inserting parts are exposed on the insulating body and are respectively shielded and contacted by the corresponding first spokes along the first direction.