CN113191601B - Road traffic technology monitoring equipment layout scheme evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a road traffic technology monitoring equipment layout scheme evaluation method, which specifically comprises the steps of formulating an evaluation index system comprising three criteria; selecting an evaluation index to construct an index matrix according to an evaluation index system and aiming at a problem node related to a scheme to be evaluated; according to the constructed index matrix, defining entropy values of all indexes by using an entropy weight method, and defining entropy weights by entropy; and evaluating the index by using a TOPSIS method based on entropy weight improvement according to the obtained entropy weight. The evaluation method provided by the invention improves the rationality and scientificity of the arrangement of the monitoring equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a road traffic technology monitoring equipment layout scheme evaluation method, and belongs to the technical field of road traffic control and management.
Background
Because the urban scale is continuously increased and the urban situation is increasingly complex, the urban safety problem becomes an important problem for urban management, so that the urban infrastructure construction pace is quickened by many cities in China, road traffic technology monitoring equipment is updated along with the advancement of science and technology, and high-definition bayonet systems are built in many cities, so that the high-definition bayonet becomes the main stream. The effects of the road traffic technology monitoring device layout scheme are embodied in many aspects, including coverage of road mileage and traffic monitoring, coverage of critical nodes and signal control intersections, and the like. This makes the evaluation of the road monitoring equipment layout scheme more complicated. Therefore, how to select the effect of the multiple indexes describing the scheme from different angles and quantitatively evaluate the effect of each aspect is an important premise for ensuring successful development of road traffic technology monitoring equipment layout.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the road traffic technology monitoring equipment layout scheme evaluation method improves the rationality and scientificity of monitoring equipment layout.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
A road traffic technology monitoring equipment layout scheme evaluation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, formulating an evaluation index system comprising three criteria of mileage and traffic coverage, critical node coverage and matching efficiency;
Step 2, for a scheme to be evaluated in a certain area, selecting an evaluation index from an evaluation index system to construct an index matrix according to the type of the evaluation index data provided by the area, and converting the index matrix into a standardized matrix;
Step3, defining entropy values of all the evaluation indexes by using an entropy weight method for the standardized matrix, and defining the entropy weight values of all the evaluation indexes by the entropy values;
And 4, evaluating the scheme to be evaluated by adopting an entropy weight improvement TOPSIS method, thereby obtaining comprehensive evaluation relative values of the scheme to be evaluated, and sequencing the comprehensive evaluation relative values of all the schemes to be evaluated from large to small to obtain the good and bad evaluation orders of all the schemes to be evaluated.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the evaluation index system in step 1 is specifically as follows:
The mileage and traffic volume coverage rate criteria comprise high-definition road network mileage coverage rate C hd, comprehensive road network mileage coverage rate C M and traffic volume coverage rate C q, the key node coverage rate criteria comprise important place entrance coverage rate C kp, accident multi-point coverage rate C ap, congestion road section coverage rate C cp, key bridge coverage rate C b and key tunnel coverage rate C t, and the matching efficiency criteria comprise signal control intersection matching rate C sig and traffic flow detection matching rate C tf; wherein the high-definition road network mileage coverage rate C hd is the ratio of the road segment length M hd monitored by the high-definition camera to the total road network mileage M, the comprehensive road network mileage coverage rate C M is the ratio of the road segment length M m monitored by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total road network mileage M, the traffic volume coverage rate C q is the ratio of the traffic volume Q m monitored by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total road network traffic volume Q, the important place entrance coverage rate C kp is the ratio of the number N mkp of important place entrances and exits detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N kp of important place entrances and exits, the accident multiple point coverage rate C ap is the ratio of the number N map of the accident multiple points which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N ap of the accident multiple points, the congestion road section coverage rate C cp is the ratio of the number N mcp of the congestion road sections which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N cp of the congestion road sections, the key bridge coverage rate C b is the ratio of the number N mb of the key bridges which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N b of the key bridges, the key tunnel coverage rate C t is the ratio of the number N mt of key tunnels which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N t of key tunnels, the signal control intersection matching rate C sig is the ratio of the number N msig of signal control intersections which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N m of signal control intersections, and the traffic flow detection matching rate C tf is the ratio of the number N mtf of road segments which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N tf of traffic flow detection road segments;
The evaluation grade of the high-definition road network mileage coverage rate C hd is as follows: when C hd is more than or equal to 95%, the evaluation grade is good, when 95% > C hd is more than or equal to 80%, the evaluation grade is better, when 80% > C hd is more than or equal to 60%, the evaluation grade is general, when C hd is less than 60%, the evaluation grade is worse; the evaluation grades of the high-definition road network mileage coverage rate C hd, the comprehensive road network mileage coverage rate C M, the traffic volume coverage rate C q, the important place entrance coverage rate C kp, the accident multi-point coverage rate C ap, the congestion road section coverage rate C cp, the key bridge coverage rate C b and the key tunnel coverage rate C t are the same;
the evaluation level of the signal control intersection matching rate C sig is as follows: when C sig is more than or equal to 90%, the evaluation grade is good, when 90% is more than or equal to C sig and more than or equal to 70%, the evaluation grade is better, when 70% is more than or equal to C sig and more than or equal to 50%, the evaluation grade is general, when C sig is less than 50%, the evaluation grade is worse; the signal control intersection matching rate C sig and the traffic flow detection matching rate C tf have the same evaluation level.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 2 specifically includes the following steps:
For m schemes to be evaluated in a certain area, according to the type of evaluation index data provided by the area, selecting n evaluation indexes from an evaluation index system to construct an index matrix X, X= (X ij)m×n, wherein X ij represents the j-th evaluation index value of the i-th scheme to be evaluated, i=1, …, m, j=1, …, n, forward-converting the j-th index value X ij of the index matrix X (X ij)+＝max(xij)-xij, converting the index matrix X into a standardized matrix Z, Z= (Z ij)m×n,
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 3 specifically includes:
Calculating the proportion p ij of the ith scheme to be evaluated in the jth evaluation index according to the standardized matrix Z, Z ij is an element of the standardized matrix Z, m is the number of schemes to be evaluated, and then the entropy value H j of the j-th evaluation index is: /(I)K=1/ln m, and the entropy weight w j of the j-th evaluation index is: /(I)N is the number of evaluation indexes.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 4 specifically includes the following steps:
calculating a weighted standardized matrix R, R= (R ij)m×n,rij＝wj·zij, m is the number of schemes to be evaluated, n is the number of evaluation indexes, w j is the entropy weight of the j-th evaluation index, and Z ij is the element of a standardized matrix Z;
searching the maximum value and the minimum value of the j-th evaluation index in the weighted standardized matrix to form a virtual positive ideal solution And negative ideal solution/>
Calculating Euclidean distance between the ith scheme to be evaluated and the positive and negative ideal solutions: Thereby obtaining the comprehensive evaluation relative value C i of the ith scheme to be evaluated,/> And sequencing the comprehensive evaluation relative values of all the schemes to be evaluated from large to small to obtain the good and bad evaluation orders of all the schemes to be evaluated.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
The invention establishes an evaluation index system comprising three criteria; selecting an evaluation index to construct an index matrix for the problem node related to the scheme to be evaluated; according to the constructed index matrix, defining entropy values of all indexes by using an entropy weight method, and defining entropy weights by entropy; and evaluating the index by using a TOPSIS method based on entropy weight improvement according to the obtained entropy weight, so that the rationality and scientificity of the arrangement of the monitoring equipment are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating a layout scheme of a road traffic monitoring device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a summary diagram of the current situation and the alternative points of the arrangement of the monitoring device in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of an optimized monitoring device in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial view of a prior art monitoring arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial view of the optimized monitor layout in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a flowchart of a road traffic technology monitoring equipment layout scheme evaluation method provided by the invention specifically includes the following steps:
an evaluation index system comprising three criteria of mileage and traffic coverage, critical node coverage and matching efficiency is formulated as shown in the following table 1:
table 1 evaluation index and calculation method
Wherein the high-definition road network mileage coverage rate C hd refers to the ratio of the road length M hd monitored by the high-definition camera to the total mileage M of the road network, the comprehensive road network mileage coverage rate C M refers to the ratio of the road length M m monitored by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the scheme to the total mileage M of the road network, the traffic volume coverage rate C q refers to the ratio of the traffic volume Q m monitored by the monitoring devices arranged in the scheme to the total traffic volume Q of the road network counted by all detectors, the important place entrance coverage rate C kp, accident multiple spot coverage rate C ap, congestion road section coverage rate C cp, important bridge coverage rate C b and important tunnel coverage rate C t, wherein N mkp、Nmap、Nmcp、Nmb、Nmt is the number of important place entrances and exits, the number of accident multiple spots, the number of congestion road sections, the number of important bridges and the number of important tunnels which can be detected by the laid road traffic technology monitoring equipment, N kp、Nap、Ncp、Nb、Nt is the total number of important place entrances and exits, the total number of accident multiple spots, the total number of congestion road sections, the total number of important bridges and the total number of important tunnels in a research range, the signal control intersection matching rate C sig refers to the ratio of the number N msig of signal control intersections monitored by the road traffic technology monitoring equipment arranged in the scheme to the total number N m of the signal control intersections in the research range, and the traffic flow detection matching rate C tf refers to the ratio of the number N mtf of road segments monitored by the road traffic technology monitoring equipment in the scheme to the total number N tf of traffic flow detection road segments.
Selecting the n evaluation indexes to construct an index matrix X= (X ij)m×n, wherein X ij represents the j index value of the i scheme, and forward normalizing the minimum index before calculating and comparing (X ij)+＝max(x)-xij), normalizing the matrix X into a normalized matrix Z, and obtaining element values of the normalized matrix ZWhere z ij represents the jth index value of the ith scheme.
According to the constructed index matrix, an entropy weight method is used for defining entropy values of all indexes, and entropy weights are defined by entropy. p ij indicates the proportion of the ith scheme in the jth index: H j is the entropy value of the j-th index: /(I) Where k=1/ln m. w j is the weight of the j-th index: /(I)
And evaluating the index by applying an entropy weight improvement TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) -based method according to the obtained entropy weight. Firstly, calculating a weighted standardized matrix, wherein the weighted matrix R= (R ij)m×n, the element value of the weighted matrix is the product of the standardized element value and the corresponding weight value: R ij＝wj·zij, and secondly, searching the maximum value and the minimum value of the j index in the weighted matrix to form a virtual positive ideal solutionAnd negative ideal solution Thirdly, obtaining Euclidean distance between the ith scheme and positive and negative ideal solutions: /(I)Finally, the comprehensive evaluation relative value of the available scheme i is as follows: /(I)And C i is a relative value, and the C i values of all schemes are ordered, so that the quality evaluation order of the schemes can be obtained.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
The current layout situation and alternative points of the road traffic technology monitoring equipment in Wu Jiang areas in Suzhou city are shown in fig. 2, 116 places in the research area are used as alternative points of bayonets, and various places in the requirement of the layout are covered: ① The motor vehicle entrances and exits of the key public areas comprise 11 rail transit stations, 4 entrances and exits of bus stops, 1 second-hand car market, 9 gas stations, 7 parks, 1 square, 8 scenic spot entrances and exits, 4 stadium entrances and exits and 1 cultural stadium; ② The motor vehicle entrance and exit of the key unit comprises 10 institutions, 2 propaganda units, 1 communication postal unit, 10 school entrances and exits, 8 hospital entrances and exits, scientific research places, 9 financial units and 1 large grain and material storage unit; ③ Important administrative area boundaries, including 9 important provincial boundaries; ④ And 20 important bridges. The actual bayonet cameras are provided with 349 points, and the points are monitored. In addition, 55 points in the alternative points of the bayonet are traffic accident multiple points. According to the type of the evaluation index data provided by the embodiment, a critical node evaluation criterion can be selected, wherein the three relevant evaluation indexes comprise key bridge coverage rate, accident multiple point coverage rate and important place entrance coverage rate. In this embodiment, there are 8 schemes to be evaluated, so the above 3 evaluation indexes are selected to construct an index matrix x= (X ij)8×3) for the 8 schemes to be evaluated, and specific parameters are shown in table 2 below.
Table 2 results of scheme evaluation under different parameters
According to the constructed index matrix, the entropy weight of each evaluation index is determined by using an entropy weight method, and the priority ordering of each scheme is calculated by using a TOPSIS method, and the result is shown in the following table 3.
Table 3 comprehensive evaluation scheme results
| Comprehensive evaluation calculated value | Ordering of |
| 0.515813 | 6 |
| 0.411627 | 7 |
| 0.556591 | 4 |
| 0.550846 | 5 |
| 0.601007 | 3 |
| 0.284915 | 8 |
| 0.623618 | 2 |
| 0.753537 | 1 |
From the evaluation results, it can be seen that the evaluation score of the eighth group is highest. The scheme reserves all the existing points, and newly adds 122 equipment layout points, wherein the equipment layout points comprise 13 monitoring points for the heavy-point bridge, 58 monitoring points for the entrances and exits of important places and 51 general monitoring points. In addition, 53 completed point positions of multiple places of traffic accidents are monitored, and compared with the current situation diagram 2, the optimization diagram 3, the partial current situation diagram 4 and the partial optimization diagram 5, the optimal scheme can be found to be excellent in the performance of considering the existing point positions, the multiple points of traffic accidents and other important point positions (including entrances and exits of important public areas, urban road intersections, important administrative area boundaries and the like). The method has the advantages of being reasonable in feasibility and feasible, and the scheme is obviously superior in the aspects of key bridge coverage, important place entrance coverage and critical node coverage as shown in table 2.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The road traffic technology monitoring equipment layout scheme evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1, formulating an evaluation index system comprising three criteria of mileage and traffic coverage, critical node coverage and matching efficiency;
The evaluation index system is specifically as follows:
The mileage and traffic volume coverage rate criteria comprise high-definition road network mileage coverage rate C hd, comprehensive road network mileage coverage rate C M and traffic volume coverage rate C q, the key node coverage rate criteria comprise important place entrance coverage rate C kp, accident multi-point coverage rate C ap, congestion road section coverage rate C cp, key bridge coverage rate C b and key tunnel coverage rate C t, and the matching efficiency criteria comprise signal control intersection matching rate C sig and traffic flow detection matching rate C tf; wherein the high-definition road network mileage coverage rate C hd is the ratio of the road segment length M hd monitored by the high-definition camera to the total road network mileage M, the comprehensive road network mileage coverage rate C M is the ratio of the road segment length M m monitored by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total road network mileage M, the traffic volume coverage rate C q is the ratio of the traffic volume Q m monitored by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total road network traffic volume Q, the important place entrance coverage rate C kp is the ratio of the number N mkp of important place entrances and exits detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N kp of important place entrances and exits, the accident multiple point coverage rate C ap is the ratio of the number N map of the accident multiple points which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N ap of the accident multiple points, the congestion road section coverage rate C cp is the ratio of the number N mcp of the congestion road sections which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N cp of the congestion road sections, the key bridge coverage rate C b is the ratio of the number N mb of the key bridges which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N b of the key bridges, the key tunnel coverage rate C t is the ratio of the number N mt of key tunnels which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N t of key tunnels, the signal control intersection matching rate C sig is the ratio of the number N msig of signal control intersections which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N m of signal control intersections, and the traffic flow detection matching rate C tf is the ratio of the number N mtf of road segments which can be detected by all road traffic technology monitoring devices in the layout scheme to the total number N tf of traffic flow detection road segments;
The evaluation grade of the high-definition road network mileage coverage rate C hd is as follows: when C hd is more than or equal to 95%, the evaluation grade is good, when 95% > C hd is more than or equal to 80%, the evaluation grade is better, when 80% > C hd is more than or equal to 60%, the evaluation grade is general, when C hd is less than 60%, the evaluation grade is worse; the evaluation grades of the high-definition road network mileage coverage rate C hd, the comprehensive road network mileage coverage rate C M, the traffic volume coverage rate C q, the important place entrance coverage rate C kp, the accident multi-point coverage rate C ap, the congestion road section coverage rate C cp, the key bridge coverage rate C b and the key tunnel coverage rate C t are the same;
The evaluation level of the signal control intersection matching rate C sig is as follows: when C sig is more than or equal to 90%, the evaluation grade is good, when 90% > C sig is more than or equal to 70%, the evaluation grade is better, when 70% > C sig is more than or equal to 50%, the evaluation grade is general, when C sig is less than 50%, the evaluation grade is worse; the evaluation grades of the signal control intersection matching rate C sig and the traffic flow detection matching rate C tf are the same;
Step 2, for a scheme to be evaluated in a certain area, selecting an evaluation index from an evaluation index system to construct an index matrix according to the type of the evaluation index data provided by the area, and converting the index matrix into a standardized matrix;
Step3, defining entropy values of all the evaluation indexes by using an entropy weight method for the standardized matrix, and defining the entropy weight values of all the evaluation indexes by the entropy values;
Step 4, evaluating the scheme to be evaluated by adopting an entropy weight improvement TOPSIS method, thereby obtaining comprehensive evaluation relative values of the scheme to be evaluated, and sequencing the comprehensive evaluation relative values of all the schemes to be evaluated from large to small to obtain the priority evaluation orders of all the schemes to be evaluated; the method comprises the following steps:
calculating a weighted standardized matrix R, R= (R ij)m×n,rij＝wj·zij, m is the number of schemes to be evaluated, n is the number of evaluation indexes, w j is the entropy weight of the j-th evaluation index, and Z ij is the element of a standardized matrix Z;
searching the maximum value and the minimum value of the j-th evaluation index in the weighted standardized matrix to form a virtual positive ideal solution And negative ideal solution/>
Calculating Euclidean distance between the ith scheme to be evaluated and the positive and negative ideal solutions: Thereby obtaining the comprehensive evaluation relative value C i of the ith scheme to be evaluated,/> And sequencing the comprehensive evaluation relative values of all the schemes to be evaluated from large to small to obtain the good and bad evaluation orders of all the schemes to be evaluated.
2. The method for evaluating a layout scheme of road traffic monitoring equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 is specifically as follows:
For m schemes to be evaluated in a certain area, according to the type of evaluation index data provided by the area, selecting n evaluation indexes from an evaluation index system to construct an index matrix X, X= (X ij)m×n, wherein X ij represents the j-th evaluation index value of the i-th scheme to be evaluated, i=1, …, m, j=1, …, n, forward-converting the j-th index value X ij of the index matrix X (X ij)+＝max(xij)-xij, converting the index matrix X into a standardized matrix Z, Z= (Z ij)m×n,
3. The method for evaluating a layout scheme of road traffic monitoring equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step3 is specifically as follows:
Calculating the proportion p ij of the ith scheme to be evaluated in the jth evaluation index according to the standardized matrix Z, Z ij is an element of the standardized matrix Z, m is the number of schemes to be evaluated, and then the entropy value H j of the j-th evaluation index is: the entropy weight w j of the j-th evaluation index is: /(I) N is the number of evaluation indexes.
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