CN113191475B - Circuit for passively returning sensor information and electronic tag system - Google Patents
Circuit for passively returning sensor information and electronic tag system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113191475B CN113191475B CN202110558340.6A CN202110558340A CN113191475B CN 113191475 B CN113191475 B CN 113191475B CN 202110558340 A CN202110558340 A CN 202110558340A CN 113191475 B CN113191475 B CN 113191475B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/0772—Physical layout of the record carrier
Abstract
The invention discloses a circuit for passively returning sensor information and an electronic tag system. The circuit for passively returning sensor information includes: the antenna, the radio frequency module, the digital circuit module, the impedance modulation module, the sensor and the first switch; the antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals; the radio frequency module is electrically connected with the antenna; the input end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the radio frequency module, the first output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the impedance modulation module, and the second output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch and is used for outputting a modulation instruction from the first output end of the digital circuit module in the distance information return stage; the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the grounding wire, and the impedance modulation module is used for adjusting the impedance of a part of the impedance modulation module which is conducted between the antenna and the grounding wire according to a modulation instruction; the sensor and the first switch are connected in series and then connected between the antenna and the ground wire. The invention can reduce the energy consumption of the circuit for passively returning the sensor information.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of passive energy and signal transmission, in particular to a circuit for passively returning sensor information and an electronic tag system.
Background
Passive signal transmission technology is receiving attention because of the advantages of no need of battery, wider environmental adaptability, etc. For example, conventional RFID (Radio Frequency Identification ) technology is a passive signal transmission technology.
However, the existing passive signal transmission technology consumes large energy, requires large radio frequency field energy, and greatly limits the distance of passive signal transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a passive return sensor information circuit and an electronic tag system, which are used for reducing the energy consumption of the passive return sensor information circuit and realizing better passive sensing signal communication.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit for passively returning sensor information, where the circuit for passively returning sensor information includes: the antenna, the radio frequency module, the digital circuit module, the impedance modulation module, the sensor and the first switch;
the antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals;
the radio frequency module is electrically connected with the antenna and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module according to the radio frequency signal;
the input end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the radio frequency module, the first output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the impedance modulation module, the second output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch, and the digital circuit module is used for outputting a modulation instruction through the first output end of the digital circuit module in a distance information return stage and outputting a closing instruction through the second output end of the digital circuit module in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage;
The first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the ground wire, and the impedance modulation module is used for adjusting the impedance of the part which is conducted between the antenna and the ground wire according to the modulation instruction;
the sensor and the first switch are connected in series and then connected between the antenna and the grounding wire, and the first switch is closed according to the closing instruction.
Optionally, the sensor is a resistive sensor or a capacitive sensor.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna through the second switch, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module;
the digital circuit module is also used for controlling the second switch to be closed in the distance information return stage and the sensor information return stage, and is also used for outputting the modulation instruction from the first output end of the digital circuit module in the sensor information return stage.
Optionally, the digital circuit module is further configured to control the first switch and the second switch to be turned on in a correction stage before the distance information return stage, and enter the distance information return stage after receiving a correction completion instruction sent by an external reader.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electronic tag system comprising an external reader and a circuit for passively returning sensor information;
the external reader is used for sending radio frequency signals to the circuit for passively returning sensor information;
the circuit for passively returning sensor information includes: the antenna, the radio frequency module, the digital circuit module, the impedance modulation module, the sensor and the first switch;
the antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals;
the radio frequency module is electrically connected with the antenna and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module according to the radio frequency signal;
the input end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the radio frequency module, the first output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the impedance modulation module, the second output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch, and the digital circuit module is used for outputting a modulation instruction through the first output end of the digital circuit module in a distance information return stage and outputting a closing instruction through the second output end of the digital circuit module in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage;
the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the ground wire, and the impedance modulation module is used for adjusting the impedance of the part which is conducted between the antenna and the ground wire according to the modulation instruction;
The sensor and the first switch are connected in series and then connected between the antenna and the grounding wire, and the first switch is closed according to the closing instruction.
Optionally, the impedance modulation module further comprises: the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna through the second switch, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module;
the sensor is a resistive sensor, the external reader is used for sending a correction instruction to the passive return sensor information circuit, the digital circuit module enters a correction stage according to the correction instruction, and the digital circuit module controls the first switch and the second switch to be opened in the correction stage;
the external reader is further used for recording a first amplitude value of a signal returned by the antenna in the correction stage and sending a correction completion instruction to the antenna after recording is completed;
the external reader is further used for recording a second amplitude value of the signal returned by the antenna in the sensor information return stage, and the reader determines the sensing information of the sensor according to the first amplitude value and the second amplitude value;
Or the sensor is a capacitive sensor, the external reader is used for sending a correction instruction to the circuit for passively returning sensor information, the digital circuit module enters a correction stage according to the correction instruction, and the digital circuit module controls the first switch and the second switch to be opened in the correction stage;
the external reader is further used for recording a first phase of a signal returned by the antenna in the correction stage and sending a correction completion instruction to the antenna after recording is completed;
the external reader is further used for recording a second phase of a signal returned by the antenna in the sensor information return stage, and the reader determines sensing information of the sensor according to the first phase and the second phase.
Optionally, the external reader is further configured to resend a correction instruction to the passive return sensor information circuit upon detecting a change in distance between the external reader and the passive return sensor information circuit.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit for passively returning sensor information, where the circuit for passively returning sensor information includes: the device comprises an antenna, a radio frequency module, a digital circuit module, an impedance modulation module, a capacitive sensor, a first switch, a multiplier and an oscillator module;
The antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals;
the radio frequency module is electrically connected with the antenna and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module according to the radio frequency signal;
the input end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the radio frequency module, the first output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the first input end of the multiplier, the second output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch, and the digital circuit module is used for outputting a first modulation instruction through the first output end of the digital circuit module in a distance information return stage and outputting a second modulation instruction through the second output end of the digital circuit module in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage;
the capacitive sensor and the first switch are connected in series and then connected between the second input end of the multiplier and the grounding wire, and the first switch is closed according to the second modulation instruction;
the capacitive sensor is connected with the oscillator module in parallel, and the oscillator module is used for outputting signals with corresponding frequencies according to the impedance of the capacitive sensor;
the multiplier is used for outputting a modulation instruction from the output end according to signals of the first input end and the second input end of the multiplier;
The first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the ground wire, the control end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the output end of the multiplier, and the impedance modulation module is used for adjusting the impedance of a part which is conducted between the antenna and the ground wire according to the modulation instruction.
Optionally, the impedance modulation module further comprises:
the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna through the second switch, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module;
the digital circuit module is also used for controlling the second switch to be closed in the distance information return stage and the sensor information return stage, and is also used for outputting the first modulation instruction from the first output end of the digital circuit module in the sensor information return stage.
Optionally, the digital circuit module is further configured to control the first switch and the second switch to be turned on in a correction stage before the distance information return stage, and enter the distance information return stage after receiving a correction completion instruction sent by an external reader.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic tag system, including an external reader and a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to the third aspect;
the external reader is configured to transmit a radio frequency signal to the passive return sensor information circuit.
Optionally, the impedance modulation module further comprises: the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna through the second switch, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module;
the external reader is used for sending a correction instruction to the passive return sensor information circuit, the digital circuit module enters a correction stage according to the correction instruction, and the digital circuit module controls the first switch and the second switch to be opened in the correction stage;
the external reader is further used for recording a first frequency of a signal returned by the antenna in the correction stage and sending a correction completion instruction to the antenna after recording is completed;
the external reader is further used for recording a second frequency of the signal returned by the antenna in the sensor information return stage, and the reader determines the sensing information of the sensor according to the first frequency and the second frequency.
Optionally, the reader is further configured to resend a correction instruction to the passive return sensor information circuit upon detecting a change in distance between the external reader and the passive return sensor information circuit.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the adopted passive return sensor information circuit comprises an antenna, a radio frequency module, a digital circuit module, an impedance modulation module, a sensor and a first switch; the antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals; the radio frequency module is electrically connected with the antenna and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module according to radio frequency signals; the input end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the radio frequency module, the first output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the impedance modulation module, the second output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch, and the digital circuit module is used for outputting a modulation instruction from the first output end of the digital circuit module in a distance information return stage and outputting a closing instruction from the second output end of the digital circuit module in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage; the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the ground wire, and the impedance modulation module is used for adjusting the impedance of a part which is conducted between the antenna and the ground wire according to a modulation instruction; the sensor and the first switch are connected in series and then connected between the antenna and the grounding wire, and the first switch is closed according to a closing instruction. The physical quantity information on the sensor is not required to be converted into digital quantity through analog-to-digital conversion, subsequent information processing is not required, the physical quantity information of the sensor is directly loaded at the antenna end, and the external reader can be used for analyzing the physical quantity information, so that an analog-to-digital converter and the like are not required, the energy required by the circuit is greatly reduced, and the wireless transmission distance is greatly increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of a passive return sensor information circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
As mentioned in the background art, the existing passive signal transmission technology has the problems of larger energy consumption and closer transmission distance, and the applicant has found that the technical problem is caused by careful study that after the physical quantity information is collected by the sensor, the physical quantity information is generally converted from analog quantity to digital quantity by a high-energy-consumption analog-to-digital converter, and then passive sensor data return is realized by digital modulation of the load. The mode adopts high-energy-consumption analog-to-digital conversion and subsequent digital processing, which inevitably brings about larger energy consumption, thereby improving the requirement on acquisition of radio frequency field energy and greatly limiting the distance of wireless transmission.
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the following solutions:
example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the circuit includes: an antenna 101, a radio frequency module 102, a digital circuit module 103, an impedance modulation module 104, a sensor 105 and a first switch S1; antenna 101 is used to receive radio frequency signals; the radio frequency module 102 is electrically connected with the antenna 101 and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module 103 according to radio frequency signals; the input end of the digital circuit module 103 is electrically connected with the radio frequency module 101, the first output end of the digital circuit module 103 is electrically connected with the control end of the impedance modulation module 104, the second output end of the digital circuit module 103 is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch S1, the digital circuit module 103 is used for outputting a modulation instruction by the first output end of the digital circuit module 103 in a distance information return stage, and outputting a closing instruction by the second output end of the digital circuit module 103 in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage; the first end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected with the ground wire, and the impedance modulation module 104 is used for adjusting the impedance of the part which is conducted between the antenna 101 and the ground wire according to the modulation instruction; the sensor 105 and the first switch S1 are connected in series and then connected between the antenna 101 and the ground line, and the first switch S1 is closed according to a closing instruction.
Specifically, the antenna 101 may be, for example, a metal etched antenna, a printed antenna, a copper plated antenna, or the like, which is capable of receiving a radio frequency signal from the outside, for example, from an external reader. The rf module 102 can obtain energy from the rf signal received by the antenna 101 to provide electric energy for circuit operation, and in other embodiments, the rf module 102 can also obtain instruction information in the rf signal and transmit the instruction information to the digital circuit module 103, and the specific circuit structure of the rf module 102 is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. The digital circuit module 103 starts working after acquiring electric energy, for example, starts entering a distance information return stage, in other embodiments, the digital circuit module 103 may also start entering the distance information return stage only after receiving an instruction, in the distance information return stage, the digital circuit module 103 controls the state of the impedance modulation module 104, and the impedance between the access antenna and the ground wire of the impedance modulation unit is controlled by the modulation instruction to change according to a preset manner, so that the transmitting signal of the antenna 101 also changes according to the preset manner, and the external reader may determine the distance information between the circuit and the external reader according to the received return signal of the antenna; subsequently, in the sensor information return stage, the first switch S1 is closed according to the closing instruction, and since the physical quantity information on the sensor 105 changes the parameter (such as amplitude or phase) of the return signal on the antenna 101, the external reader can acquire the physical quantity information according to the amplitude or phase information of the return signal after receiving the return signal; the physical quantity information on the sensor is not required to be converted into digital quantity through analog-to-digital conversion, subsequent information processing is not required, the physical quantity information of the sensor is directly loaded at the antenna end, and the external reader can be used for analyzing the physical quantity information subsequently, so that an analog-to-digital converter and the like are not required, the energy required by the circuit is greatly reduced, and the wireless transmission distance is greatly increased.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the adopted passive return sensor information circuit comprises an antenna, a radio frequency module, a digital circuit module, an impedance modulation module, a sensor and a first switch; the antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals; the radio frequency module is electrically connected with the antenna and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module according to radio frequency signals; the input end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the radio frequency module, the first output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the impedance modulation module, the second output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch, and the digital circuit module is used for outputting a modulation instruction from the first output end of the digital circuit module in a distance information return stage and outputting a closing instruction from the second output end of the digital circuit module in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage; the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the ground wire, and the impedance modulation module is used for adjusting the impedance of a part which is conducted between the antenna and the ground wire according to a modulation instruction; the sensor and the first switch are connected in series and then connected between the antenna and the grounding wire, and the first switch is closed according to a closing instruction. The physical quantity information on the sensor is not required to be converted into digital quantity through analog-to-digital conversion, subsequent information processing is not required, the physical quantity information of the sensor is directly loaded at the antenna end, and the external reader can be used for analyzing the physical quantity information, so that an analog-to-digital converter and the like are not required, the energy required by the circuit is greatly reduced, and the wireless transmission distance is greatly increased.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, the impedance modulation module 104 may include a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a first impedance element Z0, and a second impedance element Z1; the first end of the third switch S3 is electrically connected with the first end of the fourth switch S4 and then is used as the first end of the impedance adjusting module 104, the second end of the third switch S3 is electrically connected with the first end of the first impedance element Z0, and the control end of the third switch S3 and the control end of the fourth switch S4 are used as the control ends of the impedance adjusting module; the second end of the fourth switch S4 is electrically connected to the first end of the second impedance element Z1, and the second end of the first impedance element Z1 is electrically connected to the second end of the second impedance element Z2 to serve as the second end of the impedance modulation module 104. The first impedance element Z1 may be a resistive element or a capacitive element, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and the second impedance element Z2 may be a resistive element or a capacitive element, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention; the states of the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are controlled by using the modulation command, for example, when the third switch S3 is closed and the fourth switch S4 is opened, the impedance of the portion between the antenna and the ground line connected to the impedance modulation module 104 is the impedance of the first impedance element Z0; when the fourth switch S4 is closed and the third switch S3 is opened, the impedance of the portion between the antenna and the ground line connected to the impedance modulation module 104 is the impedance of the second impedance element Z1, and the impedance of the first impedance element Z0 is different from the impedance of the second impedance element Z1, so that the function of modulating the load impedance is achieved, and internal information (such as distance) of the circuit is returned to the external reader.
It should be noted that, the specific structure of the impedance modulation module in the above embodiment is only an example, and other structures may be adopted, so long as the impedance between the access antenna and the ground line can be changed under the control of the modulation command, thereby realizing the load impedance modulation.
Although fig. 1 shows the first switch S1 connected to the antenna and the sensor 105 connected to the ground line, in other embodiments, the first end of the first switch S1 may be electrically connected to the ground line, the second end of the first switch S1 may be electrically connected to the first end of the sensor 105, and the second end of the sensor 105 may be electrically connected to the antenna 101.
It should be noted that, in order to be compatible with the design of the existing passive return sensor information circuit, the digital circuit unit 103 may include a first digital circuit unit 1031 and a second digital circuit unit 1032, where the first digital circuit unit 1031 may be a digital circuit unit in the existing passive return sensor information circuit, and is electrically connected to the radio frequency module 101 and the impedance modulation module, and the second digital circuit unit 1032 is electrically connected to the first digital circuit unit and the first switch S1, for generating the closing instruction under the control of the first digital circuit unit 1031.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 2, in this embodiment, the sensor is a resistive sensor Z.
Specifically, the sensor of this embodiment is equivalent to a resistive device, and when the sensing amount changes, the resistance of the sensor changes, so that a reflection increment of the rf field is added to the port of the antenna 101, and an external reader at a remote end senses the added resistance change, thereby obtaining the physical amount information on the sensor. In other words, in the sensor information return stage, the resistive sensor Z senses a change in the environmental condition and causes a change in the amplitude of the return signal from the port of the antenna 101, and the external reader can obtain the degree of change in the environmental condition corresponding to the amplitude change through signal processing, thereby obtaining the physical quantity information of the sensor.
Preferably, the resistive sensor Z is connected to the antenna 101 for as short a time as possible, i.e. for a sensor information return phase, since the resistive sensor Z requires additional energy.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 2, the circuit further includes: a second switch S2, the first end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected with the antenna 101 through the second switch S2, and the control end of the second switch S2 is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module 103; the digital circuit module 103 is further used for controlling the second switch S2 to be closed in the distance information return phase and the sensor information return phase, and the digital circuit module 103 is further used for outputting a modulation instruction from the first output end of the sensor information return phase.
Specifically, by setting the second switch S2, when the impedance modulation module 104 is not required to work, the impedance modulation module 104 is turned on, so that more energy is avoided being consumed, interference to the work of the digital circuit module 103 is avoided, and the energy consumption of the circuit is further reduced; meanwhile, the second switch S2 can be set to be in a closed state in the sensor information return stage, and a digital circuit module outputs a modulation instruction in the sensor information return stage, so that the influence of the resistive sensor on the port signal amplitude of the antenna 101 is superposed on the influence of the impedance modulation module 104 on the antenna port signal, and the signal extraction, the processing and other works of an external reader are facilitated.
Optionally, the digital circuit module 103 is further configured to control the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be turned on in a correction stage before the distance information return stage, and enter the distance information return stage after receiving a correction completion instruction sent by the external reader.
Specifically, a correction stage can be arranged before the distance information return stage, and the influence of the distance between the external reader and the circuit on the physical quantity information of the sensor is eliminated in the correction stage;
as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a timing diagram of the operation of the passive return sensor information circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention, which specifically includes:
The reader sends a correction instruction phase T1, in which the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are all closed, and the circuit waits for an instruction of an external reader;
and a correction stage T2, in which the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are all closed, the circuit and the external reader start correction, and the specific correction process is that the external reader firstly sends a Query instruction to the circuit, the circuit returns a corresponding signal, the signal carries distance information, the signal is marked as a basic amplitude D1 in the external reader, the amplitude measured under the measurement reference environment R1 stored in the external reader is recorded as D1+D2, and the correction instruction is sent to the circuit.
And the distance information returns to the stage T3, in which the first switch S1 is opened, the second switch S2 is closed, and the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are alternately turned on under the control of a modulation instruction, so that the function of modulating load impedance is realized.
And a sensor information return stage T4, wherein the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are both opened, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are alternately conducted under the control of a modulation instruction, physical quantity information on the sensor is loaded on an antenna port, an external reader detects that the amplitude of a signal of the antenna port is D1+D3, and a measured value R2 (namely the physical quantity information of the sensor) can be obtained by searching a lookup table corresponding to the measured value through the value of the D3-D2.
Then stage T5 of waiting for the next correction instruction is entered.
Example III
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, the sensor is a capacitive sensor C.
Specifically, the sensor of this embodiment is equivalent to a capacitive device, and when the sensing amount changes, the capacitance of the sensor changes, so that the external reader at the remote end senses the additional capacitance change to obtain the physical amount information on the sensor. In other words, in the sensor information return phase, the capacitive sensor C senses a change in the environmental condition and causes a phase change in the return signal of the port of the antenna 101, and the external reader can obtain the degree of change in the environmental condition corresponding to the phase change through signal processing, thereby obtaining the physical quantity information of the sensor. Meanwhile, the capacitive sensor C does not need to consume energy, so that the efficiency is high.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 4, the circuit further includes: a second switch S2, the first end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected with the antenna 101 through the second switch S2, and the control end of the second switch S2 is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module 103; the digital circuit module 103 is further used for controlling the second switch S2 to be closed in the distance information return phase and the sensor information return phase, and the digital circuit module 103 is further used for outputting a modulation instruction from the first output end of the sensor information return phase.
Specifically, by setting the second switch S2, when the impedance modulation module 104 is not required to work, the impedance modulation module 104 is turned on, so that more energy is avoided being consumed, interference to the work of the digital circuit module 103 is avoided, and the energy consumption of the circuit is further reduced; meanwhile, the second switch S2 may be set to be in a closed state in the sensor information return stage, and a digital circuit module outputs a modulation instruction in the sensor information return stage, so that the influence of the capacitive sensor on the port signal phase of the antenna 101 is superimposed on the influence of the impedance modulation module 104 on the antenna port signal, which is more beneficial to the work such as signal extraction and processing of an external reader.
Optionally, the digital circuit module 103 is further configured to control the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be turned on in a correction stage before the distance information return stage, and enter the distance information return stage after receiving a correction completion instruction sent by the external reader.
Specifically, a correction stage can be arranged before the distance information return stage, and the influence of the distance between the external reader and the circuit on the physical quantity information of the sensor is eliminated in the correction stage;
the operation timing diagram of the circuit is consistent with the timing diagram in the second embodiment, and may specifically include:
The reader sends a correction instruction phase T1, in which the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are all closed, and the circuit waits for an instruction of an external reader;
and a correction stage T2, in which the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are all closed, the circuit and the external reader start correction, and the specific correction process is that the external reader firstly sends a Query instruction to the circuit, the circuit returns a corresponding signal, the signal carries distance information, the signal is identified as a basic phase shift F1 in the external reader, meanwhile, the phase shift measured under the measurement reference environment R1 stored in the external reader is recorded as F1+F2, and a correction completion instruction is sent to the circuit.
And the distance information returns to the stage T3, in which the first switch S1 is opened, the second switch S2 is closed, and the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are alternately turned on under the control of a modulation instruction, so that the function of modulating load impedance is realized.
And a sensor information return stage T4, wherein the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are both opened, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are alternately conducted under the control of a modulation instruction, physical quantity information on the sensor is loaded on an antenna port, an external reader detects that the phase shift value of an antenna port signal is F1+F3, and a measured value R2 (namely the physical quantity information of the sensor) can be obtained by searching a lookup table of the variable corresponding to the measured value through the value of F3-F2.
Then stage T5 of waiting for the next correction instruction is entered.
Example IV
The fourth embodiment of the invention provides an electronic tag system, which comprises an external reader and a circuit for passively returning sensor information, wherein the circuit is provided by the first embodiment of the invention; the external reader is used to send radio frequency signals to the circuitry that passively returns sensor information.
The electronic tag system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the circuit for returning the sensor information passively provided by the first embodiment of the invention, so that the electronic tag system has the same beneficial effects and is not repeated here.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the impedance modulation module further includes: a second switch S2, through which the first end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected to the antenna, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected to the third output end of the digital circuit module; the sensor is a resistive sensor, the external reader is used for sending a correction instruction to a circuit for passively returning sensor information, the digital circuit module enters a correction stage according to the correction instruction, and the digital circuit module controls the first switch and the second switch to be opened in the correction stage; the external reader is also used for recording a first amplitude value of a signal returned by the antenna in a correction stage and sending a correction completion instruction to the antenna after the recording is completed; the external reader is also used for recording a second amplitude value of the signal returned by the antenna in the sensor information return stage, and the reader determines the sensing information of the sensor according to the first amplitude value and the second amplitude value.
Specifically, the working process when the sensor is a resistive sensor may refer to the description in the second embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described herein.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, the sensor is a capacitive sensor, the external reader is configured to send a correction instruction to the circuit that passively returns sensor information, the digital circuit module enters a correction stage according to the correction instruction, and the digital circuit module controls the first switch and the second switch to be turned on in the correction stage; the external reader is also used for recording a first phase of a signal returned by the antenna in a correction stage and sending a correction completion instruction to the antenna after the recording is completed; the external reader is also used for recording a second phase of the signal returned by the antenna in the sensor information return stage, and the reader determines the sensing information of the sensor according to the first phase and the second phase.
Specifically, the working process when the sensor is a capacitive sensor may refer to the description in the third embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described herein.
Optionally, the external reader is further configured to resend the correction instruction to the circuit of passive return sensor information upon detecting a change in distance between the external reader and the circuit of passive return sensor information.
Specifically, if the circuit moves the position, the influence of the position on the physical quantity information of the sensor needs to be corrected again, the first switch S1 is turned off again, and the working process of the circuit for passively returning the sensor information is repeated, so that the accurate physical quantity information of the sensor is obtained.
Example five
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the above embodiment, in that the present embodiment adopts a frequency modulation method to send physical quantity information of a sensor to an external reader through an antenna, and referring to fig. 5, the circuit includes: antenna 101, radio frequency module 102, digital circuit module 103, impedance modulation module 104, capacitive sensor C, first switch S1, multiplier 106 and oscillator module 107; antenna 101 is used to receive radio frequency signals; the radio frequency module 102 is electrically connected with the antenna 101 and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module 103 according to radio frequency signals; the input end of the digital circuit module 103 is electrically connected with the radio frequency module 101, the first output end of the digital circuit module 103 is electrically connected with the first input end of the multiplier 106, the second output end of the digital circuit module 103 is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch S1, the digital circuit module 103 is used for outputting a first modulation instruction by the first output end of the digital circuit module 103 in a distance information return stage, and outputting a second modulation instruction by the second output end of the digital circuit module 103 in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage; the capacitive sensor C and the first switch S1 are connected in series and then connected between the second input end of the multiplier 106 and the ground wire, and the first switch is closed according to a second modulation instruction; the capacitive sensor C is connected in parallel with the oscillator module 107, and the oscillator module 107 is used for outputting a signal with a corresponding frequency according to the impedance of the capacitive sensor; multiplier 106 is configured to output a modulation command from its output according to signals from its first input and second input; the first end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected to the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected to the ground line, the control end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected to the output end of the multiplier 106, and the impedance modulation module 104 is configured to adjust the impedance of the portion of the antenna that is conducted between the antenna 101 and the ground line according to the modulation command.
Specifically, the antenna 101 may be, for example, a metal etched antenna, a printed antenna, a copper plated antenna, or the like, which is capable of receiving a radio frequency signal from the outside, for example, from an external reader. The rf module 102 can obtain energy from the rf signal received by the antenna 101 to provide electric energy for circuit operation, and in other embodiments, the rf module 102 can also obtain instruction information in the rf signal and transmit the instruction information to the digital circuit module 103, and the specific circuit structure of the rf module 102 is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. In other embodiments, the digital circuit module 103 may also start to enter the distance information return stage only after receiving the instruction, in the distance information return stage, the multiplier only has a first input end to input a signal, and the signal of its output end is consistent with the signal of the first input end, that is, at this time, the digital circuit module 103 controls the state of the impedance modulation module 104, and controls the impedance between the access antenna and the ground line of the impedance modulation unit through the first modulation instruction to change in a preset manner, so that the transmitting signal of the antenna 101 also changes in a preset manner, and the external reader may determine the distance information between the circuit and the external reader according to the received return signal of the antenna; then, in the sensor information return stage, the first switch S1 is closed according to the closing instruction, and as the physical quantity information on the capacitive sensor C changes the resonant frequency of the oscillator module, the output end signal of the multiplier is the product of the first input end signal and the second input end signal, the modulation signal controls the impedance change mode of the impedance modulation module and is reflected on the return signal of the antenna port, and after the external reader receives the return signal, the physical quantity information can be obtained according to the frequency information of the return signal; the physical quantity information on the sensor is not required to be converted into digital quantity through analog-to-digital conversion, subsequent information processing is not required, the physical quantity information of the sensor is directly loaded at the antenna end, and the external reader can be used for analyzing the physical quantity information subsequently, so that an analog-to-digital converter and the like are not required, the energy required by the circuit is greatly reduced, and the wireless transmission distance is greatly increased.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the adopted passive return sensor information circuit comprises: the device comprises an antenna, a radio frequency module, a digital circuit module, an impedance modulation module, a capacitive sensor, a first switch, a multiplier and an oscillator module; the antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals; the radio frequency module is electrically connected with the antenna and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module according to radio frequency signals; the input end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the radio frequency module, the first output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the first input end of the multiplier, the second output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch, and the digital circuit module is used for outputting a first modulation instruction through the first output end of the digital circuit module in a distance information return stage and outputting a second modulation instruction through the second output end of the digital circuit module in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage; the capacitive sensor and the first switch are connected in series and then connected between the second input end of the multiplier and the ground wire, and the first switch is closed according to a second modulation instruction; the capacitive sensor is connected in parallel with the oscillator module, and the oscillator module is used for outputting signals with corresponding frequencies according to the impedance of the capacitive sensor; the multiplier is used for outputting a modulation instruction from the output end according to the signals of the first input end and the second input end of the multiplier; the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the grounding wire, the control end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the output end of the multiplier, and the impedance modulation module is used for adjusting the impedance of the part of the impedance modulation module which is conducted between the antenna and the grounding wire according to a modulation instruction. The physical quantity information on the sensor is not required to be converted into digital quantity through analog-to-digital conversion, subsequent information processing is not required, the physical quantity information of the sensor is directly loaded at the antenna end, and the external reader can be used for analyzing the physical quantity information, so that an analog-to-digital converter and the like are not required, the energy required by the circuit is greatly reduced, and the wireless transmission distance is greatly increased.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises: a second switch S2, the first end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected with the antenna 101 through the second switch S2, and the control end of the second switch S2 is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module 103; the digital circuit module 103 is further used for controlling the second switch S2 to be closed in a distance information return phase and a sensor information return phase, and the digital circuit module 103 is further used for outputting a first modulation instruction from a first output end of the sensor information return phase.
Specifically, by setting the second switch S2, when the impedance modulation module 104 is not required to work, the impedance modulation module 104 is turned on, so that more energy is avoided being consumed, interference to the work of the digital circuit module 103 is avoided, and the energy consumption of the circuit is further reduced; meanwhile, the second switch S2 can be set to be in a closed state in the sensor information return stage, and a digital circuit module outputs a modulation instruction in the sensor information return stage, so that the influence of the resistive sensor on the port signal frequency of the antenna 101 is superposed on the influence of the impedance modulation module 104 on the antenna port signal, and the signal extraction, the processing and other works of an external reader are facilitated.
Optionally, the digital circuit module 103 is further configured to control the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be turned on in a correction stage before the distance information return stage, and enter the distance information return stage after receiving a correction completion instruction sent by the external reader.
Specifically, a correction stage can be arranged before the distance information return stage, and the influence of the distance between the external reader and the circuit on the physical quantity information of the sensor is eliminated in the correction stage;
the working process of the circuit is identical to that of the circuit in the second embodiment, that is, referring to the timing diagram of fig. 3, the method specifically includes:
the reader sends a correction instruction phase T1, in which the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are all closed, and the circuit waits for an instruction of an external reader;
and a correction stage T2, in which the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are all closed, the circuit and the external reader start correction, and the specific correction process is that the external reader firstly sends a Query instruction to the circuit, the circuit returns a corresponding signal, the signal carries distance information, the signal is marked as a basic frequency P1 in the external reader, meanwhile, the frequency measured under the measurement reference environment R1 stored in the external reader is marked as P1+P2, and the correction instruction is sent to the circuit.
And the distance information returns to the stage T3, in which the first switch S1 is opened, the second switch S2 is closed, and the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are alternately turned on under the control of a modulation instruction, so that the function of modulating load impedance is realized.
And a sensor information return stage T4, wherein the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are both opened, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are alternately conducted under the control of a modulation instruction, physical quantity information on the sensor is loaded on an antenna port, an external reader detects that the frequency of an antenna port signal is P1+P3, and a measured value R2 (namely the physical quantity information of the sensor) can be obtained by searching a lookup table corresponding to the measured value through the value of the P3-P2.
Then stage T5 of waiting for the next correction instruction is entered.
Example six
The sixth embodiment of the invention provides an electronic tag system, which comprises an external reader and a circuit for returning sensor information in a passive mode, wherein the circuit is provided by the fifth embodiment of the invention; the external reader is used to send radio frequency signals to the circuitry that passively returns sensor information.
The electronic tag system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the circuit for returning the sensor information passively provided by the fifth embodiment of the invention, so that the electronic tag system has the same beneficial effects and is not repeated here.
Optionally, referring to fig. 5, the impedance modulation module further includes: a second switch S2, through which the first end of the impedance modulation module 104 is electrically connected to the antenna, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected to the third output end of the digital circuit module; the external reader is used for sending a correction instruction to the passive return sensor information circuit, the digital circuit module enters a correction stage according to the correction instruction, and the digital circuit module controls the first switch and the second switch to be opened in the correction stage; the external reader is also used for recording the first frequency of the signal returned by the antenna in the correction stage and sending a correction completion instruction to the antenna after the recording is completed; the external reader is also used for recording a second frequency of the signal returned by the antenna in the sensor information return stage, and the reader determines the sensing information of the sensor according to the first frequency and the second frequency.
Specifically, the working process when the sensor is a capacitive sensor may refer to the description in the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described herein.
Optionally, the external reader is further configured to resend the correction instruction to the circuit of passive return sensor information upon detecting a change in distance between the external reader and the circuit of passive return sensor information.
Specifically, if the circuit moves the position, the influence of the position on the physical quantity information of the sensor needs to be corrected again, the first switch S1 is turned off again, and the working process of the circuit for passively returning the sensor information is repeated, so that the accurate physical quantity information of the sensor is obtained.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.
Claims (13)
1. A circuit for passively returning sensor information, the circuit for passively returning sensor information comprising: the antenna, the radio frequency module, the digital circuit module, the impedance modulation module, the sensor and the first switch;
the antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals;
The radio frequency module is electrically connected with the antenna and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module according to the radio frequency signal;
the input end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the radio frequency module, the first output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the impedance modulation module, the second output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch, and the digital circuit module is used for outputting a modulation instruction through the first output end of the digital circuit module in a distance information return stage and outputting a closing instruction through the second output end of the digital circuit module in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage;
the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the ground wire, and the impedance modulation module is used for adjusting the impedance of the part which is conducted between the antenna and the ground wire according to the modulation instruction;
the sensor and the first switch are connected in series and then connected between the antenna and the grounding wire, and the first switch is closed according to the closing instruction.
2. The passive return sensor information circuit of claim 1, wherein the sensor is a resistive sensor or a capacitive sensor.
3. The passive return sensor information circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna through the second switch, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module;
the digital circuit module is also used for controlling the second switch to be closed in the distance information return stage and the sensor information return stage, and is also used for outputting the modulation instruction from the first output end of the digital circuit module in the sensor information return stage.
4. The passive return sensor information circuit of claim 3 wherein the digital circuit module is further configured to control the first switch and the second switch to open during a calibration phase prior to the range information return phase and enter the range information return phase upon receiving a calibration complete command sent by an external reader.
5. An electronic tag system comprising an external reader and the passive return sensor information circuit of claim 1;
the external reader is configured to transmit a radio frequency signal to the passive return sensor information circuit.
6. The electronic tag system of claim 5, wherein the impedance modulation module further comprises: the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna through the second switch, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module;
the sensor is a resistive sensor, the external reader is used for sending a correction instruction to the passive return sensor information circuit, the digital circuit module enters a correction stage according to the correction instruction, and the digital circuit module controls the first switch and the second switch to be opened in the correction stage;
the external reader is further used for recording a first amplitude value of a signal returned by the antenna in the correction stage and sending a correction completion instruction to the antenna after recording is completed;
the external reader is further used for recording a second amplitude value of the signal returned by the antenna in the sensor information return stage, and the reader determines the sensing information of the sensor according to the first amplitude value and the second amplitude value;
or the sensor is a capacitive sensor, the external reader is used for sending a correction instruction to the circuit for passively returning sensor information, the digital circuit module enters a correction stage according to the correction instruction, and the digital circuit module controls the first switch and the second switch to be opened in the correction stage;
The external reader is further used for recording a first phase of a signal returned by the antenna in the correction stage and sending a correction completion instruction to the antenna after recording is completed;
the external reader is further used for recording a second phase of a signal returned by the antenna in the sensor information return stage, and the reader determines sensing information of the sensor according to the first phase and the second phase.
7. The electronic tag system of claim 6, wherein the external reader is further configured to resend the correction command to the circuitry of the passive return sensor information upon detecting a change in distance between the external reader and the circuitry of the passive return sensor information.
8. A circuit for passively returning sensor information, the circuit for passively returning sensor information comprising: the device comprises an antenna, a radio frequency module, a digital circuit module, an impedance modulation module, a capacitive sensor, a first switch, a multiplier and an oscillator module;
the antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals;
the radio frequency module is electrically connected with the antenna and is used for supplying power to the digital circuit module according to the radio frequency signal;
The input end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the radio frequency module, the first output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the first input end of the multiplier, the second output end of the digital circuit module is electrically connected with the control end of the first switch, and the digital circuit module is used for outputting a first modulation instruction through the first output end of the digital circuit module in a distance information return stage and outputting a second modulation instruction through the second output end of the digital circuit module in a sensor information return stage after the distance information return stage;
the capacitive sensor and the first switch are connected in series and then connected between the second input end of the multiplier and the ground wire, and the first switch is closed according to the second modulation instruction;
the capacitive sensor is connected with the oscillator module in parallel, and the oscillator module is used for outputting signals with corresponding frequencies according to the impedance of the capacitive sensor;
the multiplier is used for outputting a modulation instruction from the output end according to signals of the first input end and the second input end of the multiplier;
the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna, the second end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the ground wire, the control end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the output end of the multiplier, and the impedance modulation module is used for adjusting the impedance of a part which is conducted between the antenna and the ground wire according to the modulation instruction.
9. The passive return sensor information circuit of claim 8, wherein the impedance modulation module further comprises:
the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna through the second switch, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module;
the digital circuit module is also used for controlling the second switch to be closed in the distance information return stage and the sensor information return stage, and is also used for outputting the first modulation instruction from the first output end of the digital circuit module in the sensor information return stage.
10. The passive return sensor information circuit of claim 9, wherein the digital circuit module is further configured to control the first switch and the second switch to open during a calibration phase prior to the range information return phase and enter the range information return phase upon receiving a calibration complete command sent by an external reader.
11. An electronic tag system comprising an external reader and a circuit for passively returning sensor information according to any one of claims 8-10;
The external reader is configured to transmit a radio frequency signal to the passive return sensor information circuit.
12. The electronic tag system of claim 11, wherein the impedance modulation module further comprises: the first end of the impedance modulation module is electrically connected with the antenna through the second switch, and the control end of the second switch is electrically connected with the third output end of the digital circuit module;
the external reader is used for sending a correction instruction to the passive return sensor information circuit, the digital circuit module enters a correction stage according to the correction instruction, and the digital circuit module controls the first switch and the second switch to be opened in the correction stage;
the external reader is further used for recording a first frequency of a signal returned by the antenna in the correction stage and sending a correction completion instruction to the antenna after recording is completed;
the external reader is further used for recording a second frequency of the signal returned by the antenna in the sensor information return stage, and the reader determines the sensing information of the sensor according to the first frequency and the second frequency.
13. The electronic tag system of claim 12, wherein the reader is further configured to resend the correction command to the circuitry of the passive return sensor information upon detecting a change in distance between the external reader and the circuitry of the passive return sensor information.
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