CN113190995B - Refractory material service performance evaluation method and system based on ultimate heat load - Google Patents
Refractory material service performance evaluation method and system based on ultimate heat load Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/02—Reliability analysis or reliability optimisation; Failure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA]
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refractory material service performance evaluation method and a refractory material service performance evaluation system based on extreme heat load, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, heating a refractory material to be detected by adopting a non-isothermal heating method, and acquiring a DSC curve of the refractory material in the heating process by adopting a differential scanning calorimetry; s2, acquiring service performance parameters of the refractory material based on a DSC curve so as to evaluate the service performance of the refractory material; wherein, the service performance parameters of the refractory material comprise: limit temperature T of refractory material max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory materialBesides considering the apparent temperature, the parameters also represent the service performance of the refractory material from the aspect of heat, can accurately represent the thermal stability and the thermal shock resistance, reflect the service life of the refractory material, and can simply, quickly and accurately evaluate the service performance of the refractory material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of refractory material evaluation, and particularly relates to a refractory material service performance evaluation method and system based on extreme heat load.
Background
The refractory material is widely used as a material for high temperature production, such as electric power, steel, nonferrous metals, and glass. Accurate assessment of its performance is critical to its industrial application. Several more important evaluation methods include evaluation of refractoriness, evaluation of softening temperature under load, evaluation of oxidation resistance, evaluation of slag resistance, and evaluation of thermal shock resistance. The thermal shock resistance, also called thermal stability and thermal shock resistance, refers to the property of materials and products thereof that resists drastic temperature changes without damage or destruction, and is a key property in the service performance of refractory materials. The thermal shock resistance of a refractory refers to the ability of the refractory to resist damage caused by rapid temperature changes. The method for testing the parameter in GB/T30873-2014 is mainly a water chilling method, namely, a section of a sample is inserted into an electric furnace at 1100 ℃ to stay for 40min, then the hot end is immersed into flowing water at 5-35 ℃ to a depth of 50+/-5 mm, water cooling is carried out for 3min, and the sample is dried in air for 5min. If the sample does not reach the damage condition, the sample is put into a furnace for continuous test. Evaluation criteria: the area damage of the thermal end face of the sample reaches more than half of the required thermal shock times. In addition, there are an air-quenching method and an air natural cooling method.
In the prior art, chinese patent CN110849760a discloses a method for testing thermal shock resistance of refractory materials, wherein a test box with a cold-hot temperature-adjusting area is adopted to make the refractory materials operate at cold-hot alternating temperature, and the service performance of the refractory materials is evaluated by observing the damage degree of the refractory materials after operation under different experimental conditions by experimenters. The whole experimental operation process is complex, the evaluating speed is low, the service performance of the refractory material is judged only from the damage appearance of the refractory material, the accurate characterization of the thermal stability and the thermal shock resistance is lacking, and the service performance of the refractory material cannot be evaluated simply, quickly and accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a refractory material service performance evaluation method and system based on extreme heat load, and aims to solve the technical problem that the prior art cannot evaluate the refractory material service performance simply, quickly and accurately.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a refractory service performance evaluation method based on an extreme heat load, comprising the steps of:
s1, heating a refractory material to be detected by adopting a non-isothermal heating method, and acquiring a DSC curve of the refractory material in the heating process by adopting a differential scanning calorimetry;
s2, acquiring service performance parameters of the refractory material based on a DSC curve so as to evaluate the service performance of the refractory material;
the service performance parameters of the refractory material include: limit temperature T of refractory material max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration +_ per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory material>
Wherein the limit temperature T max An upper practical use temperature limit for characterizing the refractory material; extreme heat load Q max For characterizing the ultimate heat flow rate that a refractory material of unit mass can withstand; average thermal loadFor characterizing the average thermal power per unit temperature difference that a refractory material of unit mass can withstand; the instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' is used for representing heat change impact which can be born when the refractory material is heated to a certain temperature; the average heat flow acceleration q' is used for representing the heat change impact that the refractory material can bear in a certain temperature section.
Further preferably, the limit temperature T max The temperature corresponding to the time when the heat flow of the DSC curve reaches the maximum value.
Further preferably, the ultimate heat load Q max The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein t is 0 For the initial time, t max Q is the time corresponding to the limit use temperature of the refractory material max At t max Heat flow value, q, of refractory material per unit mass on time DSC curve 0 The heat flow value per unit mass of the refractory material on the DSC curve at the initial moment.
Further preferably, the average heat loadThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein the refractory material is thermally loadedt 0 For the initial time, q t Heat flow value q of refractory material per unit mass on DSC curve at t moment 0 The heat flow value of the refractory material per unit mass on the DSC curve at the initial moment; T-T 0 The temperature difference between time t and the initial time.
Further preferably, the instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' =dq t Dt, where q t The heat flow value of the refractory material per unit mass on the DSC curve at the moment t;
the average heat flow acceleration q 'is the instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' divided by the temperature difference between time t and the initial time.
Further preferably, in step S1, the refractory material to be tested is heated in an oxidizing atmosphere using a non-isothermal heating method.
Further preferably, in step S1, a DSC curve of the refractory material during heating is acquired by using a DSC instrument.
Further preferably, before the DSC instrument is used, the standard substance sapphire with the same quality as the refractory material to be detected is adopted for detection, so that the accuracy of the DSC instrument is ensured.
Further preferably, the standard substance sapphire with the same mass as the refractory material to be measured is taken to carry out non-isothermal heating in an oxidizing atmosphere, a DSC instrument is adopted to collect a DSC curve of the sapphire in the heating process, and the specific heat capacity of the sapphire is calculated according to the DSC curve of the obtained standard substance sapphire;
and repeating the experiment, judging whether the specific heat capacity obtained by two times of experiment calculation is smaller than a preset error, and if so, judging that the DSC instrument is accurate.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a refractory service performance evaluation system based on extreme thermal load, comprising: a DSC curve acquisition module and a usability evaluation module;
the DSC curve acquisition module is used for heating the refractory material to be tested by adopting a non-isothermal heating method, acquiring the DSC curve of the refractory material in the heating process by adopting a differential scanning calorimetry method, and inputting the DSC curve into the usability evaluation module;
the using performance evaluation module is used for acquiring using performance parameters of the refractory material based on the DSC curve so as to evaluate the using performance of the refractory material;
the service performance parameters of the refractory material include: limit temperature T of refractory material max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration +_ per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory material>
Wherein the limit temperature T max An upper practical use temperature limit for characterizing the refractory material; extreme heat load Q max For characterizing the ultimate heat flow rate that a refractory material of unit mass can withstand; average thermal loadFor characterizing the average thermal power per unit temperature difference that a refractory material of unit mass can withstand; the instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' is used for representing heat change impact which can be born when the refractory material is heated to a certain temperature; average heat flow acceleration->Used for representing the heat change impact which the refractory material can bear in a certain temperature section.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
1. the invention provides a refractory material service performance evaluation method based on extreme heat load, which comprises the steps of obtaining comprehensive parameters for evaluating the refractory material service performance through a DSC curve, wherein the comprehensive parameters comprise the extreme temperature T of the refractory material max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration +_ per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory material>Besides considering the apparent temperature, the parameters further represent the service performance of the refractory material from the aspect of heat, can accurately represent the thermal stability and the thermal shock resistance, reflect the service life of the refractory material, and can simply, quickly and accurately evaluate the service performance of the refractory material, thereby effectively guiding the use of the refractory material.
2. In the method for evaluating the service performance of the refractory material provided by the invention, the parameter used for representing the service performance of the refractory material, namely the heat limiting load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration +_ per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory material>The method is sensitive to the refractory material with the impurities introduced in the actual scene, not only can accurately evaluate the service performance of the refractory material in an ideal environment, but also can sensitively and accurately evaluate the toleranceThe service performance of the fire material in the actual application process; the method has the advantages of good test repeatability and low test cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the performance of a refractory material provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a thermal analysis diagram of a refractory to be tested according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a thermal analysis of a refractory to be tested according to example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a refractory service performance evaluation method based on extreme thermal load, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, heating a refractory material to be detected by adopting a non-isothermal heating method, and acquiring a DSC curve of the refractory material in the heating process by adopting a differential scanning calorimetry; 2-50 mg of refractory material can be selected as refractory material to be measured; in this example, the refractory to be measured was 10mg of a SiC-type refractory having a composition of 75wt% SiC and 25wt% Al 2 O 3 The particle size is less than 75 μm. Can be carried out in an oxidizing atmosphere (e.g., 21%% O) 2 /79％N 2 The flow is 100 ml/min), heating the refractory material to be tested by adopting a non-isothermal heating method; in this example, the non-isothermal heating is performed by continuously heating at 25-1500deg.C at a heating rate of 20deg.C/min. Further, a DSC instrument can be used to collect the DSC curve of the refractory during heating. Before the DSC instrument is used, the standard substance sapphire with the same quality as the refractory material to be detected is adopted for detection, so that the accuracy of the DSC instrument is ensured;the method comprises the following steps: taking the standard substance sapphire with the same mass as the refractory material to be measured in an oxidizing atmosphere (such as 21 percent of O) 2 /79％N 2 The flow is 100 ml/min), and a DSC instrument is adopted to collect a DSC curve of the sapphire in the heating process, and the specific heat capacity of the sapphire is calculated according to the DSC curve of the obtained standard substance sapphire; repeating the above experiment, comparing the two groups of experimental results, judging whether the specific heat capacity obtained by the two experiments is smaller than a preset error range (the value is 2% in the embodiment), if yes, judging that the DSC instrument is accurate.
S2, acquiring service performance parameters of the refractory material based on a DSC curve so as to evaluate the service performance of the refractory material;
the service performance parameters of the refractory material include: limit temperature T of refractory material max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration +_ per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory material>
Wherein the limit temperature T max An upper practical use temperature limit for characterizing the refractory material; extreme heat load Q max For characterizing the ultimate heat flow rate that a refractory material of unit mass can withstand; average thermal loadFor characterizing the average thermal power per unit temperature difference that a refractory material of unit mass can withstand; the instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' is used for representing heat change impact which can be born when the refractory material is heated to a certain temperature; the average heat flow acceleration q' is used for representing heat change impact which can be born by the refractory material in a certain temperature section;
limit temperature T max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' and average heat flow acceleration +.>The larger the value of (c), the better the service properties of the refractory.
In order to clearly illustrate the method for evaluating the service performance of the refractory material provided by the invention, the following details are provided with reference to examples:
example 1,
(1) 10mg of refractory material (75 wt% of SiC and 25wt% of Al) is selected 2 O 3 ) As the refractory material to be measured, a non-isothermal heating method (continuous temperature rise in 25 to 1500 ℃ C., temperature rise rate of 20 ℃/min) is adopted to heat the refractory material to be measured (oxidizing atmosphere: 100ml/min of 21% O 2 /79％N 2 (ii) obtaining a DSC curve;
(2) Acquiring comprehensive parameters for evaluating service performance of refractory materials to be tested through DSC curve, wherein the comprehensive parameters comprise limit temperature T of the refractory materials max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration +_ per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory material>
The calculation process of the parameters is as follows:
(1) obtaining the corresponding temperature when the heat flow of the DSC curve reaches the maximum value, and obtaining the limit temperature T of the refractory material max . Limit temperature T max Used to characterize the ultimate use temperature of the refractory material.
(2) For the sample from the initial temperature T 0 (corresponding to time t 0 ) The melting process to a certain temperature T (corresponding to time T) is integrated, the integrated area being the thermal load Q of the refractory:
wherein q is t Heat flow value q of refractory material per unit mass on DSC curve at t moment 0 The heat flow value per unit mass of the refractory material on the DSC curve at the initial moment. When the temperature reaches the limit temperature T max The corresponding heat load is the limit heat load Q max . It should be noted that the ultimate heat load Q max The heat absorbed by the crystal in the process of representing the lattice from a low-temperature stable state to a high-temperature critical stable state/the heat absorbed by the lattice energy state when the lattice is converted from a normal state to a limit state can reflect the heat stability and the service life of the refractory material; extremely limited heat load Q max The larger the value, the higher the thermal stability and the longer the service life.
(3) Dividing Q by T and T 0 The temperature difference between them gives the average heat loadI.e. < ->Average thermal loadReflecting the thermal stability and the service life of the alloy in a certain temperature section; when the temperature is the limit temperature T max Can be expressed as
(4) Will q t Deriving t to obtain instantaneous heat flow acceleration q ', i.e. q' =dq t Dt; the instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' is used to reflect the thermal change shock it can withstand when heated to a certain temperature, i.e. the thermal shock resistance.
(5) Dividing q' by T and T 0 The temperature difference between them gives the average heat flow accelerationI.e. < ->
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, which shows a thermal analysis chart of the refractory material to be tested according to the embodiment, it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the limit temperature T of the refractory material can be directly calculated based on the DSC curve compared with the conventional TG curve and DTG curve max Extreme heat load Q max Average heat loadThe thermal shock resistance and the average heat flow acceleration can more rapidly and comprehensively reflect the thermal stability, the thermal shock resistance and the service life of the refractory material, so that the service performance of the refractory material can be simply, rapidly and accurately evaluated.
In the present embodiment, the calculated instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' and the average heat flow accelerationQ' and +.o for refractory material heated to a temperature of 1000 DEG C>I.e. T takes a value of 1000 ℃. The performance parameters of the refractory obtained according to the above procedure are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
To further test the variation of various performance parameters during actual use of the refractory, the following is a detailed description of example 2:
EXAMPLE 2,
This example is substantially the same as example 1, except that the mass ratio of this example is 1:1, taking mixed ash obtained by mixing the refractory material and coal ash as a refractory material to be tested; wherein the coal ash is selected from red Sha Quan ash, and is prepared in air atmosphere at 500 ℃. The ash content was measured by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
The calculation was performed by the same method as in example 1 to obtain a DSC curve, specifically, a thermal analysis chart of the refractory material to be measured in this example is shown in fig. 3, and further, the service performance parameters of the mixed ash are obtained as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
As can be seen from a comparison of Table 1 in example 1 and Table 3 in this example, the addition of red Sha Quan ash was effective at limiting temperature T max Less of an impact, but extreme heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' and average heat flow acceleration +.>The values of (2) are significantly reduced, indicating that the addition of ash, although not affecting its use temperature, can significantly reduce its thermal stability, thermal shock resistance and service life. This reflects that the refractory tends to have much poorer service performance than that predicted by itself during actual use (e.g., boiler combustion, soot contact with refractory), so that it can be seen from another aspect that the refractory and service performance parameter of the present invention, limiting thermal load Q max Average heat load->Instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' and average heat flow acceleration +.>Not only canThe service performance of the refractory material in an ideal environment can be accurately reflected, and the service performance of the refractory material in an actual application process can be sensitively and accurately reflected.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a refractory service performance evaluation system based on extreme thermal load, comprising: a DSC curve acquisition module and a usability evaluation module;
the DSC curve acquisition module is used for heating the refractory material to be tested by adopting a non-isothermal heating method, acquiring the DSC curve of the refractory material in the heating process by adopting a differential scanning calorimetry method, and inputting the DSC curve into the usability evaluation module;
the using performance evaluation module is used for acquiring using performance parameters of the refractory material based on the DSC curve so as to evaluate the using performance of the refractory material;
the service performance parameters of the refractory material include: limit temperature T of refractory material max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration +_ per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory material>
Wherein the limit temperature T max An upper practical use temperature limit for characterizing the refractory material; extreme heat load Q max For characterizing the ultimate heat flow rate that a refractory material of unit mass can withstand; average thermal loadFor characterizing the average thermal power per unit temperature difference that a refractory material of unit mass can withstand; the instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' is used for representing heat change impact which can be born when the refractory material is heated to a certain temperature; average heat flow acceleration->For watchesThe refractory material can bear heat change impact in a certain temperature section.
The related technical scheme is the same as the method for evaluating the usage performance of the refractory material provided in the first aspect of the present invention, and is not described here in detail.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A refractory material service performance evaluation method based on extreme heat load is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, heating a refractory material to be detected by adopting a non-isothermal heating method, and acquiring a DSC curve of the refractory material in the heating process by adopting a differential scanning calorimetry;
s2, acquiring service performance parameters of the refractory material based on the DSC curve so as to evaluate the service performance of the refractory material;
the service performance parameters of the refractory material comprise: limit temperature T of refractory material max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration +_ per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory material>
Wherein the limit temperature T max The upper limit of the practical use temperature for representing the refractory material is the corresponding temperature when the heat flow of the DSC curve reaches the maximum value; the ultimate heat load Q max The method is used for representing the ultimate heat flow which can be born by the refractory material with unit mass, and the calculation formula is as follows:said average heat load +.>The average thermal power under unit temperature difference which can be born by the refractory material with unit mass is characterized by the following calculation formula: />The instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' is used for representing heat change impact which can be born when the refractory material is heated to a certain temperature, and the calculation formula is as follows: q' =dq t Dt; the average heat flow acceleration->The method is used for representing the heat change impact which can be born by the refractory material in a certain temperature section, and is the temperature difference between the instant heat flow acceleration q' and the initial moment;
t 0 for the initial time, t max Q is the time corresponding to the limit use temperature of the refractory material max At t max Heat flow value, q, of refractory material per unit mass on the DSC curve at the instant 0 The heat flow value of the refractory material per unit mass on the DSC curve at the initial moment; heat load of refractory materialt 0 For the initial time, q t Heat flow value q of refractory material per unit mass on DSC curve at t moment 0 The heat flow value of the refractory material per unit mass on the DSC curve at the initial moment; T-T 0 The temperature difference between the time t and the initial time; q t The heat flow value of the refractory material per unit mass on the DSC curve at the time t.
2. The method for evaluating the performance of refractory according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the refractory to be tested is heated by a non-isothermal heating method in an oxidizing atmosphere.
3. The method for evaluating the performance of refractory according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, a DSC curve of the refractory during heating is acquired by using a DSC instrument.
4. The method for evaluating the service performance of the refractory material according to claim 3, wherein the DSC instrument is detected by adopting a standard substance sapphire with the same quality as the refractory material to be tested before the DSC instrument is used, so that the accuracy of the DSC instrument is ensured.
5. The method for evaluating the service performance of the refractory material according to claim 4, wherein standard substance sapphire with the same mass as the refractory material to be tested is taken to be heated in a non-isothermal manner in an oxidizing atmosphere, a DSC curve of the sapphire in the heating process is acquired by adopting the DSC instrument, and the specific heat capacity of the sapphire is calculated according to the DSC curve of the obtained standard substance sapphire;
and repeating the experiment, judging whether the specific heat capacity obtained by two times of experiment calculation is smaller than a preset error, and if so, judging that the DSC instrument is accurate.
6. A refractory use performance evaluation system based on extreme thermal loads, comprising: a DSC curve acquisition module and a usability evaluation module;
the DSC curve acquisition module is used for heating the refractory material to be detected by adopting a non-isothermal heating method, acquiring the DSC curve of the refractory material in the heating process by adopting a differential scanning calorimetry method, and inputting the DSC curve into the usability evaluation module;
the service performance evaluation module is used for acquiring service performance parameters of the refractory material based on the DSC curve so as to evaluate the service performance of the refractory material;
the service performance parameters of the refractory material comprise: limit temperature T of refractory material max Ultimate heat load Q max Average heat loadInstantaneous heat flow acceleration q' per unit mass of refractory material and average heat flow acceleration +_ per unit temperature difference per unit mass of refractory material>
Wherein the limit temperature T max The upper limit of the practical use temperature for representing the refractory material is the corresponding temperature when the heat flow of the DSC curve reaches the maximum value; the ultimate heat load Q max The method is used for representing the ultimate heat flow which can be born by the refractory material with unit mass, and the calculation formula is as follows:said average heat load +.>The average thermal power under unit temperature difference which can be born by the refractory material with unit mass is characterized by the following calculation formula: />The instantaneous heat flow acceleration q' is used for representing heat change impact which can be born when the refractory material is heated to a certain temperature, and the calculation formula is as follows: q' =dq t Dt; the average heat flow acceleration->The method is used for representing the heat change impact which can be born by the refractory material in a certain temperature section, and is the temperature difference between the instant heat flow acceleration q' and the initial moment;
t 0 for the initial time, t max Q is the time corresponding to the limit use temperature of the refractory material max At t max Heat flow value, q, of refractory material per unit mass on the DSC curve at the instant 0 For the initial time of DHeat flow value per unit mass of refractory material on SC curve; heat load of refractory materialt 0 For the initial time, q t Heat flow value q of refractory material per unit mass on DSC curve at t moment 0 The heat flow value of the refractory material per unit mass on the DSC curve at the initial moment; T-T 0 The temperature difference between the time t and the initial time; q t The heat flow value of the refractory material per unit mass on the DSC curve at the time t.
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