CN113189437B - Detection method for power-off and power-on fault areas of transformer area - Google Patents
Detection method for power-off and power-on fault areas of transformer area Download PDFInfo
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- CN113189437B CN113189437B CN202110733962.8A CN202110733962A CN113189437B CN 113189437 B CN113189437 B CN 113189437B CN 202110733962 A CN202110733962 A CN 202110733962A CN 113189437 B CN113189437 B CN 113189437B
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention has proposed a platform district stops, the detection method of the power-on trouble area, construct the topological structure of user's electric energy meter and concentrator in the platform district at first; randomly sampling and detecting the alternating voltage sampling value of each phase of the three-phase voltage of the user electric energy meter on the branch circuit with different topological structures by the concentrator, and when the voltage of each phase is lower than a set voltage threshold and maintains a first time interval, generating first power failure information by the concentrator, and simultaneously requesting to read the sampling value of each phase of the three-phase voltage at the general meter of the distribution room to generate an integral power failure event of the distribution room or a local power failure event of the distribution room; the remote master station performs secondary confirmation on the distribution room general table; if local power failure in the transformer area is confirmed, a predicted power failure coefficient is obtained in a weighting evaluation mode, and field verification and overhaul are carried out. According to the invention, through setting the fault reporting and judging rules, the actual area of the unplanned fault power failure can be better confirmed, the post-passive detection of the fault is adjusted to be the active detection, and the detection efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent meter reading of a power grid, in particular to a detection method for a power-off and power-on fault area of a transformer area.
Background
In an electric power system, a transformer area refers to a power supply range area corresponding to one transformer. The management of the transformer area is based on the transformer area general meter, the concentrator and the electric energy meter of each user corresponding to the transformer area, the meter reading, the payment and the power supply of the transformer area are carried out on the electric users in the area, the metering management is assisted, the electricity utilization inspection of the transformer area is carried out in time, all items in the aspects of electricity charge, electricity price, line loss, safe electricity utilization and the like are processed in time, and the information of the electricity utilization files of the users is ensured to be accurate and reliable.
The existing power-off and power-on detection mechanism in the station area management is not perfect and reasonable enough, and the situations of multiple reports, missing reports and false reports are more, so that a remote main station cannot accurately analyze whether power transmission abnormal power failure occurs or not and judge a specific fault power failure area, and power emergency repair resources cannot be reasonably distributed. In summary, it is very necessary to improve the active reporting rule of the power-off and power-on events, improve the reliability of power supply, and improve the experience and guarantee capability of the power users by reasonably optimizing the management policy of the distribution room.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a detection method for predicting a power outage and power up failure area according to a power outage time or a power up recovery time and parameters of an electric energy meter.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a detection method of a power-off and power-on fault area of a transformer area, which comprises the following steps:
s100: initializing a station area general meter, a concentrator and each user electric energy meter, and constructing a topological structure of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the station area; the method comprises the steps that a meter reading request is sent to each user electric energy meter in a zone range through a concentrator in a meter reading period, after each user electric energy meter receives the meter reading request, meter reading is carried out, current meter reading data are returned to the concentrator and the zone main meter, and the normal working state and smooth channel of the zone main meter, the concentrator and each user electric energy meter in the zone range are confirmed;
s200: the concentrator randomly spot-checks the alternating voltage sampling values of each phase of the three-phase voltage of the user electric energy meter on the branches with different topological structures, and when the voltage of each phase is lower than a set voltage threshold value and maintains a first time interval, the concentrator generates first power failure information and simultaneously requests to read the sampling values of each phase of the three-phase voltage at the general meter of the platform area: if the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the station area general table is also lower than a set voltage threshold value or the sampling value of each phase voltage of the station area general table cannot be read, indicating that power failure of the station area occurs, combining the concentrator with the first power failure information to generate a station area overall power failure event, and reporting the power failure event to a remote master station; if the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the station area general table is higher than the set voltage threshold, indicating that local power failure of the station area occurs, and combining the concentrator with the first power failure information to generate a local power failure event of the station area and report the local power failure event to a remote main station;
s300: after the remote master station receives the reported integral power failure event of the transformer area or the local power failure event of the transformer area, the master station further performs secondary reading verification on the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the transformer area general meter: if the sampling values of the voltages of the three phases at the secondary reading station area general table are smaller than the set voltage threshold value or the sampling values of the voltages of the three phases at the secondary reading station area general table cannot be read, confirming that the power failure event of the whole station area occurs; if the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the secondary reading station area general table of the remote master station is larger than the set voltage threshold, confirming that a local power failure event of the station area occurs;
s400: the remote master station confirms that the power failure event of the whole transformer area occurs in the transformer area, and prompts maintenance personnel to recover power supply of the transformer area in time;
s500: after the remote master station confirms the local power failure event of the transformer area, the remote master station eliminates the incredible user electric energy meters, selects part of the user electric energy meters in the topological structures of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the transformer area, reads the instantaneous voltage values or instantaneous current value readings recorded at the same time, carries out weighted evaluation, and judges the fault area corresponding to the local power failure event of the transformer area according to the magnitude of the weighted evaluation result; the remote master station prompts maintenance personnel to restore power supply to a fault area corresponding to the local power failure event of the transformer area in time;
s600: when the power supply of the transformer area or the local fault area of the transformer area is recovered and the power supply is re-electrified, the concentrator determines whether the integral power failure event or the local power failure event of the transformer area is reported to a remote master station before the power supply recovery moment, and if the integral power failure event or the local power failure event is not reported, the power failure event is immediately reported to the remote master station; after confirming that the overall power failure event of the transformer area or the local power failure event of the transformer area is reported or reported to the remote master station, the concentrator starts to report the power-on event corresponding to the current power restoration time of the transformer area to the remote master station, and the corresponding relation between the currently reported power-on event and the recently occurred overall power failure event of the transformer area or the local power failure event of the transformer area is ensured.
In addition to the above technical solution, preferably, in step S200, each phase voltage is lower than the set voltage threshold and the first time interval is maintained, where the voltage threshold is 60% of each phase voltage, and the first time interval is not less than 20 seconds.
Further preferably, the step S200 further includes actively reporting the content of the battery status of the concentrator: the concentrator actively reports the residual electric quantity of the current battery while generating the first power failure information, and reports the residual electric quantity of the current battery once again after a second time interval; if the residual electric quantity of the current battery reported twice exceeds 15% of the battery capacity, the concentrator can be judged to be in a normal working state, if at least one of the residual electric quantities of the current battery reported twice does not exceed 15% of the battery capacity, the working state of the concentrator is judged to be unreliable, and the concentrator can be maintained to normally work subsequently only if the battery needs to be replaced in time; the second time interval is not less than 20 seconds.
Further preferably, the non-authentic user electric energy meters are rejected in the step 500, and the rejection rule is as follows: 1) the user electric energy meter normally records the time corresponding to the first power failure information, but the power-on event and the time corresponding to the power-on event are not recorded within 72 hours after the time; 2) the time corresponding to the first power failure information or the power-on event recorded by the user electric energy meter is empty or messy codes; 3) the time of the power-on event recorded by the user electric energy meter is earlier than the time corresponding to the power-off event; 4) the interval between the power-on event occurrence time and the power failure event occurrence time recorded by the user electric energy meter exceeds the power failure time judgment interval, and the power failure time judgment interval is 1/60-72 hours.
Still preferably, in step S500, a part of the user electric energy meters are selected from the topological structures of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the distribution room, and the instantaneous voltage value or the instantaneous current value reading recorded at the same time is read for weighted evaluation, in which the user electric energy meters in the distribution room and the user electric energy meters on the branches of the topological structure of the concentrator are respectively numbered, the power failure status of each branch is evaluated according to the sequence from near to far of the topological structure and the concentrator, and the reliability of each branch is defined
Importance of
False alarm rate
And predicting the outage factor
：
(ii) a Wherein the reliability is
The front end, the rear end and the non-two end positions of the branch are respectively taken
The deviation between the average value of the power failure time of the user electric energy meters selected from the front end, the rear end and the positions of the non-two ends of the branch and the average value of the power failure time of each electric energy meter after the incredible user electric energy meters are removed is calculated respectively by each user electric energy meter:
，
，
at different positions of the branch
The power failure time recorded by each user electric energy meter,
the average value of the power failure time of each electric energy meter after the incredible user electric energy meters are removed; calculating once for the three positions respectively, and averaging to obtain reliability
Taking the value of (A); importance of
The ratio of the sum of the products of the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value reading of each user electric energy meter with effective reading in the branch circuit in the power failure time or the power-on time to the product of the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value reading of the distribution area general table in the power failure time or the power-on time is as follows:
wherein
And
respectively reading the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value of the table area general table in the power-off time or the power-on time,
is the number of individual consumer meters for which the branch has a valid reading,
，
and
reading instantaneous voltage values and instantaneous current values of each user electric energy meter with effective reading for the branch at power failure time or power-on time;
is of importance
A scaling factor of (d); false alarm rate
The historical false alarm probability of the user electric energy meter on the branch is reflected; traversing user electric energy meter in whole station areaCalculating the predicted power failure coefficient of each branch circuit of the topological structure of the concentrator
。
Still further preferably, the predicted outage coefficient
Is located in the interval [0.6, 1.3 ]]Judging that the area where the branch is positioned has power failure; prediction of power outage coefficient
Over 1.3 as calculated as 1.3; prediction of power outage coefficient
When the value of (1) is not more than 0.6, judging that the area where the branch is located has no power failure; and marking corresponding marks on the topological structures of the user electric energy meter and the concentrator according to the judgment result.
Even further preferably, the scaling factor
Value range of [0.9, 0.95, 1, 1.05, 1.1 ]]Discrete point values within, and
is 1; when two or more adjacent branches are arranged on one side of the current branch close to the concentrator to judge that power failure does not occur,
stepping the value of (1) to the left by one grid within the value range; and vice versa, the reverse can be said,
step one frame to the right within the value range until reaching the extreme value of the value range.
Still further preferably, the calculation reliability
Respectively taking at front end, back end and non-two ends of branch
The relation between each user electric energy meter and the number of each user electric energy meter with effective reading of the branch circuit is
。
Still further preferably, the false alarm rate
Is field verification and prediction of outage factor
According to the matched historical conditions, when the comparison result is matched once, the false alarm rate of the corresponding branch is adjusted and reduced once or the initial value is maintained unchanged; on the contrary, when the comparison result of the field verification and the predicted power failure coefficient is not matched once, the false alarm rate of the corresponding branch is increased once.
Compared with the prior art, the method for detecting the power-on and power-off fault areas of the transformer area has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, through the topological structure of the user electric energy meter and the concentrator, the power failure time is periodically polled and detected, the integral power failure or regional power failure phenomenon of a transformer area is found in time, and the corresponding region where the power failure is likely to occur is judged, so that precious overhaul resources are accurately put into the required region, passive first-aid repair is converted into active first-aid repair, and the reliability of power supply and the guarantee capability of customer service are improved;
(2) when the concentrator inspects the alternating voltage sampling values of each phase of the three-phase voltage of the user electric energy meter of different branches, the sampling values are used as preliminary information for judging whether the station area overall power failure or the regional power failure occurs, primary check is carried out by combining with a station area general meter, the generated power failure event is uploaded to a remote main station for carrying out secondary check on the station area general meter, the station area overall power failure event or the station area local power failure event is confirmed, and different maintenance and overhaul measurements are respectively carried out;
(3) confirming whether planned power failure occurs or not after the integral power failure event of the platform area is confirmed, and if not, starting to check from the head end of a topological structure formed by the user electric energy meter and the concentrator;
(4) the weighting evaluation process of the branch of the topological structure depends on the deviation of the response time of the user electric energy meters corresponding to different head ends, tail ends and middle parts of the branch to the same power failure event or power on event, the accumulation of the corresponding instantaneous power and the historical prediction accuracy of each user electric energy meter of the branch as correlation parameters, the prediction results of each branch are independently calculated and stored, and the parameters are updated, increased or decreased according to the on-site maintenance results, so that the weighting evaluation is combined with the historical evaluation, the accuracy and reliability of the regional power failure event prediction of each branch are improved, the possibility of regional power failure misinformation is reduced, and the troubleshooting and maintenance efficiency is improved;
(5) after local power failure events of the distribution room are confirmed, the possibility of power failure of corresponding topological structure branches is calculated through a preset predicted power failure coefficient, field verification is carried out, values of parameters corresponding to the branches are continuously corrected, and calculation accuracy is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting a power-off and power-on failure area of a transformer area according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a topological structure of a user electric energy meter and a concentrator of the detection method for a power-off and power-on failure area of a transformer area.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a method for detecting a power-off and power-on failure area in a distribution room, which includes the following steps:
s100: initializing a station area general meter, a concentrator and each user electric energy meter, and constructing a topological structure of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the station area; the method comprises the steps that a meter reading request is sent to each user electric energy meter in a zone range through a concentrator in a meter reading period, after each user electric energy meter receives the meter reading request, meter reading is carried out, current meter reading data are returned to the concentrator and the zone main meter, and the normal working state and smooth channel of the zone main meter, the concentrator and each user electric energy meter in the zone range are confirmed; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a topology of consumer power meters and concentrators in a distribution area; a plurality of user electric energy meters are respectively connected in parallel on each branch;
s200: the concentrator randomly spot-checks the alternating voltage sampling values of each phase of the three-phase voltage of the user electric energy meter on the branches with different topological structures, and when the voltage of each phase is lower than a set voltage threshold value and maintains a first time interval, the concentrator generates first power failure information and simultaneously requests to read the sampling values of each phase of the three-phase voltage at the general meter of the platform area: if the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the station area general table is also lower than a set voltage threshold value or the sampling value of each phase voltage of the station area general table cannot be read, indicating that power failure of the station area occurs, combining the concentrator with the first power failure information to generate a station area overall power failure event, and reporting the power failure event to a remote master station; if the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the station area general table is higher than the set voltage threshold, indicating that local power failure of the station area occurs, and combining the concentrator with the first power failure information to generate a local power failure event of the station area and report the local power failure event to a remote main station;
in order to avoid false alarm caused by voltage jitter and frequent reporting of the first power failure information by the concentrator, the voltage threshold is 60% of each phase voltage, and the first time interval is not less than 20 seconds. For example, the phase voltage reference 220V, 60% of the phase voltage is 132V.
In addition, in order to ensure that the concentrator can reliably and continuously work after power failure, the concentrator actively reports the content of the battery state of the concentrator when generating the first power failure information in step S200. The concrete contents are as follows: the concentrator actively reports the residual electric quantity of the current battery while generating the first power failure information, and reports the residual electric quantity of the current battery once again after a second time interval; if the residual electric quantity of the current battery reported twice exceeds 15% of the battery capacity, the concentrator can be judged to be in a normal working state, if at least one of the residual electric quantities of the current battery reported twice does not exceed 15% of the battery capacity, the working state of the concentrator is judged to be unreliable, and the concentrator can be maintained to normally work subsequently only if the battery needs to be replaced in time; the second time interval is not less than 20 seconds.
S300: after the remote master station receives the reported integral power failure event of the transformer area or the local power failure event of the transformer area, the master station further performs secondary reading verification on the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the transformer area general meter: if the sampling values of the voltages of the three phases at the secondary reading station area general table are smaller than the set voltage threshold value or the sampling values of the voltages of the three phases at the secondary reading station area general table cannot be read, confirming that the power failure event of the whole station area occurs; if the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the secondary reading station area general table of the remote master station is larger than the set voltage threshold, confirming that a local power failure event of the station area occurs;
s400: the remote master station confirms that the power failure event of the whole transformer area occurs in the transformer area, and prompts maintenance personnel to recover power supply of the transformer area in time;
s500: after the remote master station confirms the local power failure event of the transformer area, the remote master station eliminates the incredible user electric energy meters, selects part of the user electric energy meters in the topological structures of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the transformer area, reads the instantaneous voltage values or instantaneous current value readings recorded at the same time, carries out weighted evaluation, and judges the fault area corresponding to the local power failure event of the transformer area according to the magnitude of the weighted evaluation result; the remote master station prompts maintenance personnel to restore power supply to a fault area corresponding to the local power failure event of the transformer area in time;
the method comprises the following steps of removing the unreliable user electric energy meter according to the removing rule: 1) the user electric energy meter normally records the time corresponding to the first power failure information, but the power-on event and the time corresponding to the power-on event are not recorded within 72 hours after the time; 2) the time corresponding to the first power failure information or the power-on event recorded by the user electric energy meter is empty or messy codes; 3) the time of the power-on event recorded by the user electric energy meter is earlier than the time corresponding to the power-off event; 4) the interval between the power-on event occurrence time and the power failure event occurrence time recorded by the user electric energy meter exceeds the power failure time judgment interval, and the power failure time judgment interval is 1/60-72 hours. Generally, the power failure events in the district examination need to be processed in 72 hours in time, and the power failure events are not generated after the power failure interval is 1 minute.
The process of weighted evaluation in step S500 is: respectively numbering the user electric energy meters on each branch on the topological structure of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the transformer area, respectively evaluating the power failure condition of each branch according to the sequence of the topological structure and the concentrator from near to far, and defining the reliability of each branch
Importance of
False alarm rate
And predicting the outage factor
：
(ii) a Wherein the reliability is
The front end, the rear end and the non-two end positions of the branch are respectively taken
The deviation between the average value of the power failure time of the user electric energy meters selected from the front end, the rear end and the positions of the non-two ends of the branch and the average value of the power failure time of each electric energy meter after the incredible user electric energy meters are removed is calculated respectively by each user electric energy meter:
，
，
at different positions of the branch
The power failure time recorded by each user electric energy meter,
the average value of the power failure time of each electric energy meter after the incredible user electric energy meters are removed; respectively calculating the three positions once, calculating the three positions for three times in total and calculating the average value as the reliability
Taking the value of (A);
importance of
The ratio of the sum of the products of the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value reading of each user electric energy meter with effective reading in the branch circuit in the power failure time or the power-on time to the product of the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value reading of the distribution area general table in the power failure time or the power-on time is as follows:
wherein
And
respectively reading the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value of the table area general table in the power-off time or the power-on time,
is the number of individual consumer meters for which the branch has a valid reading,
，
and
reading instantaneous voltage values and instantaneous current values of each user electric energy meter with effective reading for the branch at power failure time or power-on time;
is of importance
A scaling factor of (d); specifically selecting the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value reading of the power failure time or the power-on time, wherein the reading depends on the overall reliability of the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value corresponding to the historical power failure time and the overall reliability of the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value corresponding to the historical power-on time; to predict the power failure coefficient
More precisely, each branch needs to be considered separately.
Of course, to simplify the calculation process, the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value reading of each user electric energy meter may be selected to be the value at the time of power-on.
False alarm rate
The historical false alarm probability of the user electric energy meter on the branch is reflected; traversing each branch of the topological structure of the user electric energy meter and the concentrator in the whole transformer area, and solving the predicted power failure coefficient of each branch
Predicting the power outage factor
The result of (a) is a real number.
When predicting the power failure coefficient
Is located in the interval [0.6, 1.3 ]]Judging that the area where the branch is positioned has power failure; prediction of power outage coefficient
If the calculation result is far larger than 1.3 and is more than 5 times of 1.3, the calculation result is considered to be unreliable; prediction of power outage coefficient
When the value of (1) is not more than 0.6, judging that the area where the branch is located has no power failure; and marking corresponding marks on the topological structures of the user electric energy meter and the concentrator according to the judgment result, namely marking the state of power failure or power failure of the branch area corresponding to the topological structure.
Scaling factor
Value range of [0.9, 0.95, 1, 1.05, 1.1 ]]Discrete point values within, and
is 1; on the side of the current branch near the concentratorWhen two or more adjacent branches determine that no power failure occurs,
step the value of (a) to the left by one within the value range until the minimum value of the value range; and vice versa, the reverse can be said,
step one frame to the right within the value range until reaching the extreme value of the value range. If the scaling factor of a plurality of branches adjacent to a certain branch is the minimum value, and the predicted outage coefficient corresponding to the branch is the minimum value
If the branch is judged to be powered off, the scaling factor of the next adjacent branch is reset to 1.
Computing reliability
Respectively taking at front end, back end and non-two ends of branch
The relation between each user electric energy meter and the number of each user electric energy meter with effective reading of the branch circuit is
。
False alarm rate
Is field verification and prediction of outage factor
According to the matched historical conditions, when the comparison result is matched once, the false alarm rate of the corresponding branch is adjusted and reduced once or the initial value is maintained unchanged; on the contrary, when the comparison result of the field verification and the predicted power failure coefficient is not matched once, the false alarm rate of the corresponding branch is increased once. Each time the branch is reduced or increasedIs determined by a certain percentage, such as 1% -5%, of the ratio of the number of false alarms to the actual number of blackouts for the branch.
It should be noted that, the parameters corresponding to each branch of the topology structures of the user electric energy meter and the concentrator are different, and need to be stored and corrected respectively. The weighting evaluation process of the branch of the topological structure depends on the deviation of the response time of the user electric energy meters corresponding to the head end, the tail end and the middle part of the branch to the same power failure event or power on event, the accumulation of the corresponding instantaneous power of each user electric energy meter of the branch and the historical prediction accuracy as correlation parameters, the prediction results of each branch are independently calculated and stored, and the parameters are updated, increased or decreased according to the on-site maintenance results, so that the weighting evaluation and the historical evaluation are combined, the accuracy and the reliability of the regional power failure event prediction of each branch are improved, the possibility of regional power failure misinformation is reduced, and the troubleshooting and maintenance efficiency is improved.
S600: when the power supply of the transformer area or the local fault area of the transformer area is recovered and the power supply is re-electrified, the concentrator determines whether the integral power failure event or the local power failure event of the transformer area is reported to a remote master station before the power supply recovery moment, and if the integral power failure event or the local power failure event is not reported, the power failure event is immediately reported to the remote master station; after confirming that the overall power failure event of the transformer area or the local power failure event of the transformer area is reported or reported to the remote master station, the concentrator starts to report the power-on event corresponding to the current power restoration time of the transformer area to the remote master station, and the corresponding relation between the currently reported power-on event and the recently occurred overall power failure event of the transformer area or the local power failure event of the transformer area is ensured. And forming a set of complete closed-loop information of prediction, power failure, inspection and power on, and closing corresponding to the abnormal processing work order.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A detection method for a power-off and power-on fault area of a transformer area is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s100: initializing a station area general meter, a concentrator and each user electric energy meter, and constructing a topological structure of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the station area; the method comprises the steps that a meter reading request is sent to each user electric energy meter in a zone range through a concentrator in a meter reading period, after each user electric energy meter receives the meter reading request, meter reading is carried out, current meter reading data are returned to the concentrator and the zone main meter, and the normal working state and smooth channel of the zone main meter, the concentrator and each user electric energy meter in the zone range are confirmed;
s200: the concentrator randomly spot-checks the alternating voltage sampling values of each phase of the three-phase voltage of the user electric energy meter on the branches with different topological structures, and when the voltage of each phase is lower than a set voltage threshold value and maintains a first time interval, the concentrator generates first power failure information and simultaneously requests to read the sampling values of each phase of the three-phase voltage at the general meter of the platform area: if the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the station area general table is also lower than a set voltage threshold value or the sampling value of each phase voltage of the station area general table cannot be read, indicating that power failure of the station area occurs, combining the concentrator with the first power failure information to generate a station area overall power failure event, and reporting the power failure event to a remote master station; if the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the station area general table is higher than the set voltage threshold, indicating that local power failure of the station area occurs, and combining the concentrator with the first power failure information to generate a local power failure event of the station area and report the local power failure event to a remote main station;
s300: after the remote master station receives the reported integral power failure event of the transformer area or the local power failure event of the transformer area, the master station further performs secondary reading verification on the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the transformer area general meter: if the sampling values of the voltages of the three phases at the secondary reading station area general table are smaller than the set voltage threshold value or the sampling values of the voltages of the three phases at the secondary reading station area general table cannot be read, confirming that the power failure event of the whole station area occurs; if the sampling value of each phase voltage of the three-phase voltage at the secondary reading station area general table of the remote master station is larger than the set voltage threshold, confirming that a local power failure event of the station area occurs;
s400: the remote master station confirms that the power failure event of the whole transformer area occurs in the transformer area, and prompts maintenance personnel to recover power supply of the transformer area in time;
s500: after the remote master station confirms the local power failure event of the transformer area, the remote master station eliminates the incredible user electric energy meters, selects part of the user electric energy meters in the topological structures of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the transformer area, reads the instantaneous voltage values or instantaneous current value readings recorded at the same time, carries out weighted evaluation, and judges the fault area corresponding to the local power failure event of the transformer area according to the weighted evaluation result; the remote master station prompts maintenance personnel to restore power supply to a fault area corresponding to the local power failure event of the transformer area in time;
s600: when the power supply of the transformer area or the local fault area of the transformer area is recovered and the power supply is re-electrified, the concentrator determines whether the integral power failure event or the local power failure event of the transformer area is reported to a remote master station before the power supply recovery moment, and if the integral power failure event or the local power failure event is not reported, the power failure event is immediately reported to the remote master station; after confirming that the overall power failure event of the transformer area or the local power failure event of the transformer area is reported or reported to the remote master station, the concentrator starts to report the power-on event corresponding to the current power restoration time of the transformer area to the remote master station, and the corresponding relation between the currently reported power-on event and the recently occurred overall power failure event of the transformer area or the local power failure event of the transformer area is ensured.
2. The method for detecting the power-off and power-on fault area of the transformer area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S200, each phase voltage is lower than the set voltage threshold and the first time interval is maintained, which means that the voltage threshold is 60% of each phase voltage, and the first time interval is not less than 20 seconds.
3. The method for detecting the power-off and power-on failure area of the transformer area according to claim 2, wherein: the step S200 further includes actively reporting the content of the concentrator battery status: the concentrator actively reports the residual electric quantity of the current battery while generating the first power failure information, and reports the residual electric quantity of the current battery once again after a second time interval; if the residual electric quantity of the current battery reported twice exceeds 15% of the battery capacity, the concentrator can be judged to be in a normal working state, if at least one of the residual electric quantities of the current battery reported twice does not exceed 15% of the battery capacity, the working state of the concentrator is judged to be unreliable, and the concentrator can be maintained to normally work subsequently only if the battery needs to be replaced in time; the second time interval is not less than 20 seconds.
4. The method for detecting the power-off and power-on failure area of the transformer area according to claim 3, wherein: in the step 500, the untrusted user electric energy meters are removed, and the removing rule is as follows: 1) the user electric energy meter normally records the time corresponding to the first power failure information, but the power-on event and the time corresponding to the power-on event are not recorded within 72 hours after the time; 2) the time corresponding to the first power failure information or the power-on event recorded by the user electric energy meter is empty or messy codes; 3) the time of the power-on event recorded by the user electric energy meter is earlier than the time corresponding to the power-off event; 4) the interval between the power-on event occurrence time and the power failure event occurrence time recorded by the user electric energy meter exceeds the power failure time judgment interval, and the power failure time judgment interval is 1/60-72 hours.
5. The method for detecting the power-off and power-on fault area of the transformer area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step S500, selecting a part of user electric energy meters from the topological structures of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the distribution area, reading instantaneous voltage values or instantaneous current value readings recorded at the same time, performing weighted evaluation, numbering the user electric energy meters on each branch on the topological structures of the user electric energy meters and the concentrator in the distribution area respectively, evaluating the power failure conditions of each branch according to the sequence of the topological structures and the concentrator from near to far, and defining the reliability of each branch
Importance of
False alarm rate
And predicting the outage factor
：
(ii) a Wherein the reliability is
The front end, the rear end and the non-two end positions of the branch are respectively taken
The deviation between the average value of the power failure time of the user electric energy meters selected from the front end, the rear end and the positions of the non-two ends of the branch and the average value of the power failure time of each electric energy meter after the incredible user electric energy meters are removed is calculated respectively by each user electric energy meter:
，
， 
at different positions of the branch
The power failure time recorded by each user electric energy meter,
the average value of the power failure time of each electric energy meter after the incredible user electric energy meters are removed; calculating once for the three positions respectively, and averaging to obtain reliability
Taking the value of (A); importance of
The ratio of the sum of the products of the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value reading of each user electric energy meter with effective reading in the branch circuit in the power failure time or the power-on time to the product of the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value reading of the distribution area general table in the power failure time or the power-on time is as follows:
wherein
And
respectively reading the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value of the table area general table in the power-off time or the power-on time,
is the number of individual consumer meters for which the branch has a valid reading,
， 
and
reading instantaneous voltage values and instantaneous current values of each user electric energy meter with effective reading for the branch at power failure time or power-on time;
is of importance
A scaling factor of (d); false alarm rate
The historical false alarm probability of the user electric energy meter on the branch is reflected; traversing each branch of the topological structure of the user electric energy meter and the concentrator in the whole transformer area, and solving the predicted power failure coefficient of each branch
。
6. The method for detecting the power-off and power-on failure area of the transformer area according to claim 5, wherein: the predicted outage coefficient
Is located in the interval [0.6, 1.3 ]]Judging that the area where the branch is positioned has power failure; prediction of power outage coefficient
Over 1.3 as calculated as 1.3; prediction of power outage coefficient
When the value of (1) is not more than 0.6, judging that the area where the branch is located has no power failure; and marking corresponding marks on the topological structures of the user electric energy meter and the concentrator according to the judgment result.
7. The method for detecting the power-off and power-on failure area of the transformer area according to claim 5, wherein: the scaling factor
Value range of [0.9, 0.95, 1, 1.05, 1.1 ]]Discrete point values within, and
of (2) is initiatedA value of 1; when two or more adjacent branches are arranged on one side of the current branch close to the concentrator to judge that power failure does not occur,
stepping the value of (1) to the left by one grid within the value range; and vice versa, the reverse can be said,
step one frame to the right within the value range until reaching the extreme value of the value range.
8. The method for detecting the power-off and power-on failure area of the transformer area according to claim 5, wherein: the calculation reliability
Respectively taking at front end, back end and non-two ends of branch
The relation between each user electric energy meter and the number of each user electric energy meter with effective reading of the branch circuit is
。
9. The method for detecting the power-off and power-on failure area of the transformer area according to claim 5, wherein: the false alarm rate
Is field verification and prediction of outage factor
According to the matched historical conditions, when the comparison result is matched once, the false alarm rate of the corresponding branch is adjusted and reduced once or the initial value is maintained unchanged; on the contrary, when the site verifies and predicts the power failure systemAnd the false alarm rate of the corresponding branch is increased once when the comparison result is not matched once.
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