CN113188881A - Preparation method of impregnated yarn sample and compression test fixture thereof - Google Patents

Preparation method of impregnated yarn sample and compression test fixture thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113188881A
CN113188881A CN202110305774.5A CN202110305774A CN113188881A CN 113188881 A CN113188881 A CN 113188881A CN 202110305774 A CN202110305774 A CN 202110305774A CN 113188881 A CN113188881 A CN 113188881A
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sample
yarn
linear bearing
impregnated
chuck
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CN202110305774.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113188881B (en
Inventor
张超
顾佳辉
赵振强
杜春林
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/40—Plastics, e.g. foam or rubber
    • B29C33/405—Elastomers, e.g. rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/36—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and impregnating by casting, e.g. vacuum casting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/04—Chucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
    • G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a dipped yarn sample and a compression test fixture thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a sample mold of a silica gel material, wherein a gap for embedding rubber-impregnated yarn is formed along the middle part of the mold; providing carbon fiber yarns, and embedding the impregnated yarns in the gaps; and pouring the prepared resin into the sample mold, curing and demolding to obtain a dipped yarn sample, wherein the dipped yarn sample is a two-section cylindrical sample. The diameter of the impregnated yarn of the test section of the impregnated yarn sample prepared by the method is uniform, and the fiber volume fraction is stable.

Description

Preparation method of impregnated yarn sample and compression test fixture thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material mechanical property testing, in particular to a preparation method of a gum dipping yarn sample and a compression testing clamp thereof.
Background
From the nineties of the twentieth century, the preparation technology and process of high-performance fibers represented by carbon fibers, special glass fibers, aramid fibers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and the like are rapidly developed, and the high-performance fibers are widely applied to various fields such as aerospace, automobiles, wind power and the like. The fiber yarn is the main form of use of the fiber in composites, and its mechanical properties have a significant influence.
The rubber-impregnated yarn test is a detection and evaluation method for the mechanical property of carbon fiber commonly used in the current engineering application. At present, mechanical property evaluation of carbon fibers is mostly concentrated on the aspect of tensile property, and a compression test of the impregnated yarn has no corresponding standard at present.
Compared with the traditional laminated composite material, the impact resistance and the transverse performance of the carbon fiber woven composite material are greatly improved, however, the woven composite material is mainly woven by carbon fiber yarns and formed by matrix infiltration. Therefore, on a microscopic scale, the braided composite material mainly comprises two components, namely a matrix and impregnated yarns, and the impregnated yarns play a main bearing role and have great influence on the mechanical property of the braided composite material. In the multi-scale simulation analysis method for mechanical property of the woven composite material, a microscopic finite element model of the woven composite material is established, wherein the key step is to define the mechanical property parameters of single dipped yarn. However, the compression performance test of the dipped yarn lacks a corresponding method, so that the compression performance test of the dipped yarn can only be predicted by theory or finite elements and lacks sufficient test verification.
The preparation and test technology of the carbon fiber gummed yarn sample in the prior art has the following defects: firstly, the efficiency is low, the sample preparation needs to be cured twice, and the resin of the gum dipping yarn and the resin of the resin block are different in type, which can cause the premature failure of the interface; secondly, the diameter of the prepared gum dipping yarn sample is unstable, and an error of a strength measurement value can be introduced; thirdly, because the diameter of the slot of the die and the diameter of the impregnated yarn always have errors, the impregnated yarn cannot be ensured to be positioned in the middle of the resin protection ends at the two ends, and the accuracy of the test can also be influenced; fourthly, as a metal mold is adopted, mold assembly and demolding are required, the processing cost is high, the efficiency is low, and the universality is poor; fifthly, the clamping of the sample before loading is complex and tedious, and the sample needs to be placed in a limiting clamp first and then a clamp is compressed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of a gummed yarn sample and a compression test fixture thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the carbon fiber gummed yarn compression test method in the prior art can not ensure the constant cross section area and the stable fiber volume fraction of the sample, and has the defects of complex fixture, poor loading coaxiality and the like.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a sample of a treated yarn, including:
preparing a sample mold of a silica gel material, wherein a gap for embedding rubber-impregnated yarn is formed along the middle part of the mold; providing carbon fiber yarns, and embedding the impregnated yarns in the gaps; and pouring the prepared resin into the sample mold, curing and demolding to obtain a dipped yarn sample, wherein the dipped yarn sample is a two-section cylindrical sample.
Wherein, the sample mould of preparation silica gel material includes: manufacturing a two-section cylindrical impregnated yarn sample male die; providing a container in a cubic shape, and placing a positive mold of the impregnated yarn sample in the container; and pouring the prepared silica gel into the container, cutting a gap on the silica gel in the middle part of the male die after the silica gel is completely cured, and demolding.
Wherein the length of the carbon fiber yarn is greater than the length of the sample die.
There is also provided in accordance with another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a compression test fixture for a sample of dipped yarn, including: the device comprises a rigid frame, an upper linear bearing, a lower linear bearing, an upper chuck, a lower chuck and a plurality of fastening bolts; the rigid frame comprises an upper frame and a lower frame, the upper frame defines the upper linear bearing, the lower frame defines the lower linear bearing, and the upper linear bearing and the lower linear bearing are coaxial; the upper linear bearing is connected with the upper chuck, the lower linear bearing is connected with the lower chuck, and the upper chuck and the lower chuck are coaxial; the upper clamp and the lower clamp are used for clamping a gummed yarn sample, and the plurality of fastening bolts are used for limiting the clamping position of the gummed yarn sample so that the gummed yarn sample is coaxial with the upper clamp and the lower clamp.
The rubber-impregnated yarn sample comprises a middle section to be tested and resin protection ends at two ends, and the cross section of each resin protection end is square.
The impregnated yarn sample comprises a first resin protection end and a second resin protection end, wherein part of the first resin protection end is clamped in the upper clamp, and part of the second resin protection end is clamped in the lower clamp; 2 fastening bolts penetrate through the side wall of the upper chuck and then fasten two adjacent side walls of the first resin protection end, and 2 fastening bolts penetrate through the side wall of the lower chuck and then fasten two adjacent side walls of the second resin protection end, so that the section to be tested of the impregnated yarn sample is coaxial with the upper chuck and the lower chuck
Wherein the rigid frame has a hollow portion.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the sample containing the resin protection end is poured and formed at one time by using the silica gel mold, so that the time and economic cost for sample preparation are greatly reduced, and the diameter of the impregnated yarn of the test section is uniform and the fiber volume fraction is stable. In addition, a new compression test fixture is provided, the machining cost of the fixture is reduced while accurate compression loading is ensured, and the test efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a sample of treated yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of sample mold preparation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of compressed sample preparation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a compression test fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a chuck in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sample being secured in position by a fastening bolt in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a sample of a treated yarn, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the method including the steps of:
step S102, preparing a sample mold of a silica gel material, wherein a gap for embedding rubber-impregnated yarn is formed along the middle part of the mold;
specifically, referring to fig. 2, the specific steps of preparing a sample mold of a silicone material may include:
manufacturing a two-section cylindrical impregnated yarn sample male die, wherein two ends of the male die are cuboids, and the middle part of the male die is a cylinder; providing a container in a cubic shape, and placing a positive mold of the impregnated yarn sample in the container; pouring the prepared silica gel into the container, cutting gaps on the silica gel at the middle part and two ends of the male die after the silica gel is completely cured, and demolding.
Step S104, providing carbon fiber yarns, and embedding the dipped yarns into gaps of a sample mold;
wherein the length of the carbon fiber yarn is greater than the length of the sample die.
Step S106, pouring the prepared resin into the sample mold, curing and demolding to obtain a dipped yarn sample, wherein the dipped yarn sample is a two-section cylindrical sample, namely, the dipped yarn sample comprises a middle section to be tested and resin protection ends at two ends, the section to be tested is a cylinder, and the cross section of each resin protection end is square with a chamfer.
By the preparation method, the impregnated yarn sample containing the resin protection end can be poured and formed only once without secondary curing, so that the sample preparation flow and time are greatly shortened. And the control of the constant cross-sectional area and the constant fiber volume fraction of the test section of the dipped yarn can be realized through the die-reversing of the male die with the fixed diameter.
There is also provided, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a compression test fixture for a sample of dipped yarn, referring to fig. 4, the compression test fixture including: a rigid frame 4, an upper linear bearing 43, a lower linear bearing 44, an upper chuck 45, a lower chuck 46, a plurality of fastening bolts, and a dipped yarn sample 47;
the rigid frame 4 is a hollow frame, and the rigid frame 4 includes an upper frame 41 and a lower frame 42. The upper frame 41 defines an upper linear bearing 43, the lower frame 42 defines a lower linear bearing 44, and the upper linear bearing 43 and the lower linear bearing 44 are coaxial. As shown in the drawing, an upper linear bearing 43 passes through the upper frame 41, a lower linear bearing 44 passes through the lower frame 42, and one end of the upper linear bearing 43 and one end of the lower linear bearing 44 are opposed to each other in the hollow portion of the rigid frame 4.
The upper linear bearing 43 is connected to the upper clip 45, the lower linear bearing 44 is connected to the lower clip 46, the upper clip 45 and the lower clip 46 are disposed opposite to each other in a hollow portion of the rigid frame 4, and the upper clip 45 and the lower clip 46 are coaxial. When the chuck reciprocated in linear bearing, the ball in the linear bearing can reduce chuck and bearing friction when compressing, reduces the influence to the experimental result accuracy. Referring to fig. 5, the chuck has a square inner cavity with a chamfer as a holding portion for holding a sample of the dipped yarn. The cross section of the clamping part is slightly larger than that of the resin protection end of the impregnated yarn sample, and can accommodate a part of the resin protection end.
In this embodiment, the compression test fixture includes 4 fastening bolts, wherein the side wall of the upper clamp 45 has 2 fastening bolt holes, and the fastening bolts 51 and 52 are installed; the lower clamp 46 also has 2 fastening bolt holes in its side wall, with fastening bolts 53 and 54 being mounted. As shown in fig. 4, the locations of the fastening bolt holes on the upper and lower chucks correspond. From the clamping part, the fastening bolts are arranged on two adjacent side walls of the clamping part, and the other two adjacent side walls are not provided with the bolts.
After the sample is mounted, two bolts on the same chuck respectively apply force to the resin protection end, and the force in two directions (the directions of arrows in fig. 5 and 6) is in the same horizontal plane and perpendicular to each other. When the bolt is screwed down, the resin protection end can be tightly attached to the inner wall, not provided with the bolt, of the clamping part under the action of the fastening bolt, so that the resin protection end and the test sample can be kept fixed relative to the chuck, and the axis of the section to be tested is coaxial with the axis of the clamp.
Through the compression test fixture, effective test on the sample can be realized through simple assembly and sample clamping, the coaxiality of the load during compression is guaranteed, the clamping difficulty is reduced, and the test efficiency is improved.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for preparing a sample of a dipped yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a sample mold of a silica gel material, wherein a gap for embedding rubber-impregnated yarn is formed along the middle part of the mold;
providing carbon fiber yarns, and embedding the impregnated yarns in the gaps;
and pouring the prepared resin into the sample mold, curing and demolding to obtain a dipped yarn sample, wherein the dipped yarn sample is a two-section cylindrical sample.
2. The fixture of claim 1, wherein the sample mold for preparing the silicone material comprises:
manufacturing a two-section cylindrical impregnated yarn sample male die;
providing a container in a cubic shape, and placing a positive mold of the impregnated yarn sample in the container;
and pouring the prepared silica gel into the container, cutting a gap on the silica gel in the middle part of the male die after the silica gel is completely cured, and demolding.
3. The fixture of claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber yarn has a length greater than a length of the sample mold.
4. The utility model provides a compression test fixture of gummed yarn sample which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a rigid frame, an upper linear bearing, a lower linear bearing, an upper chuck, a lower chuck and a plurality of fastening bolts;
the rigid frame comprises an upper frame and a lower frame, the upper frame defines the upper linear bearing, the lower frame defines the lower linear bearing, and the upper linear bearing and the lower linear bearing are coaxial; the upper linear bearing is connected with the upper chuck, the lower linear bearing is connected with the lower chuck, and the upper chuck and the lower chuck are coaxial; the upper clamp and the lower clamp are used for clamping a gummed yarn sample, and the plurality of fastening bolts are used for limiting the clamping position of the gummed yarn sample so that the gummed yarn sample is coaxial with the upper clamp and the lower clamp.
5. The compression test fixture of the impregnated yarn sample as claimed in claim 4, wherein the impregnated yarn sample comprises a middle section to be tested and resin protection ends at two ends, and the cross-sectional shape of the resin protection ends is square.
6. The compression test fixture of a dipped yarn sample as claimed in claim 5 wherein said dipped yarn sample comprises a first resin protection end and a second resin protection end, part of said first resin protection end being clamped within said upper clamp and part of said second resin protection end being clamped within said lower clamp; and 2 fastening bolts penetrate through the side wall of the upper chuck and then fasten two adjacent side walls of the first resin protection end, and 2 fastening bolts penetrate through the side wall of the lower chuck and then fasten two adjacent side walls of the second resin protection end, so that the section to be tested of the impregnated yarn sample is coaxial with the upper chuck and the lower chuck.
7. The compression test fixture for samples of dipped yarn as claimed in claim 4 wherein said rigid frame has a hollow.
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