CN113188865B

CN113188865B - Before processing apparatus is used in excrement and urine sample test for intensive care unit

Info

Publication number: CN113188865B
Application number: CN202110470845.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张琪琪; 王林甲; 曲瑞莉; 董春苹
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-04-29
Filing date: 2021-04-29
Publication date: 2022-11-04
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-29
Also published as: CN113188865A

Abstract

A pretreatment device for detecting an excrement sample for an intensive care unit comprises a shell and a sample treatment cavity, wherein the excrement sample is placed in a sealed disposable sampling cup and is sent into the sample treatment cavity for fixation and then is pretreated; the shell is internally provided with a bacteria culture mechanism and a liftable sample treatment probe, the sample treatment probe comprises a cylinder with a conical tip at the bottom, a treatment liquid pipeline communicated with a treatment liquid input pipe is arranged in the cylinder, and the treatment liquid pipeline injects treatment liquid into the fecal sample after the fecal sample in the disposable sampling cup is pricked into the bottom end of the sample treatment probe. The invention can process the excrement sample, so that trace bacteria in the excrement sample are propagated before inspection and are easier to detect, thereby not only greatly shortening the detection time of the excrement sample and improving the detection efficiency, but also more importantly, the invention can more accurately detect trace pathogenic bacteria contained in the excrement sample, detect the disease in advance and avoid delaying the treatment time.

Description

Before processing apparatus is used in excrement and urine sample test for intensive care unit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of examination of a stool sample in the medical field, in particular to a pretreatment device for detecting the stool sample in an intensive care unit.

Background

Stool examination refers to the analysis of stool by physical, immunological, chemical methods, etc. to understand the function of digestive system and to aid in the diagnosis of digestive tract infection, hemorrhage, malignant tumor, etc. Stool examination generally includes microscopic examination, occult blood test, and fecal cholinesterase assay, wherein the microscopic examination mainly examines cells, bacteria, and the like, especially bacteria.

As a large amount of bacteria can be seen in feces, the ratio of cocci to bacilli in normal feces is about 1 to 10, human yeasts can be found, candida can be seen rarely, candida albicans can be seen when intestinal dysbacteriosis occurs, and part of characteristic bacteria or pathogenic bacteria can be discharged along with the feces when some special diseases occur in the intestinal tract.

The existing bacteriological examination is generally microscopic examination, but if the bacteriological examination is in the early stage of pathological changes, pathogenic bacteria or characteristic bacteria in a stool sample are possibly few in number, and the pathogenic bacteria or the characteristic bacteria are easy to die in the queuing inspection process, so that the pathogenic bacteria or the characteristic bacteria are difficult to detect, and the optimal treatment time is delayed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that pathogenic bacteria or characteristic bacteria in early disease stage are low in content and are difficult to detect, the invention provides the pretreatment device for detecting the fecal sample in the intensive care unit, which can treat the fecal sample to ensure that trace bacteria in the fecal sample are propagated before detection and are easier to detect, thereby not only greatly shortening the detection time of the fecal sample and improving the detection efficiency, but also more importantly, being capable of more accurately detecting the trace pathogenic bacteria in the fecal sample, detecting diseases in advance and avoiding delaying the treatment time.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a pretreatment device for detecting an excrement sample for an intensive care unit comprises a shell and an openable sample treatment cavity arranged in the shell, wherein the excrement sample is placed in a sealed disposable sampling cup and is sent into the sample treatment cavity for fixation and then is pretreated; a bacteria culture mechanism and a liftable sample processing probe are arranged in the shell, wherein the sample processing probe comprises a cylinder with a conical tip at the bottom, a processing liquid pipeline communicated with a processing liquid input pipe is arranged in the cylinder, and the processing liquid pipeline injects processing liquid into the excrement sample after the excrement sample in the disposable sampling cup is inserted into the bottom end of the sample processing probe;

the center of cylinder is provided with bottom open-ended cylindricality chamber, slides in this cylindricality intracavity and is provided with the baffle, and forms the hydraulic drive chamber between the top of this baffle and the cylindricality chamber top, and this hydraulic drive chamber and first hydraulic pressure input tube intercommunication to utilize hydraulic oil control baffle's conical tip to stretch out or retract the cylindricality intracavity, and puncture disposable sampling cup bottom when the conical tip of baffle stretches out, make the excrement and urine sample that has handled the processing fluid drip into and carry out the bacterial culture in the culture dish of bacterial culture mechanism.

As an optimized scheme of the pretreatment device for fecal sample detection, a drainage channel is arranged in the flow guide body, the bottom opening of the drainage channel is arranged on the bottom end surface of the flow guide body, the top end of the drainage channel is connected with a plurality of drainage holes which obliquely extend upwards to the side wall openings of the flow guide body, and the drainage holes are communicated with the liquid inlet holes formed in the side wall of the bottom end of the cylinder body in a one-to-one correspondence manner when the flow guide body extends out of a limit position, so that the fecal sample liquid after treatment is dripped into a culture dish through the liquid inlet holes, the drainage holes and the drainage channel.

As another optimization scheme of the pretreatment device for detecting the fecal samples, the liquid inlet hole is obliquely arranged, one end of the opening with the high position extends to the bottom end of the side face of the column body, the other end with the low position is communicated with the column-shaped cavity, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet hole is gradually reduced from one end at the high position to one end at the low position, and the filter screen is arranged in the liquid inlet hole to filter impurities in the fecal sample liquid.

As another optimized scheme of the pretreatment device for detecting the fecal sample, a plurality of turnable cutting blades are arranged around the column body, the top ends of the turnable cutting blades are hinged on the side wall of the column body, a columnar telescopic bag is arranged between the middle part of the turnable cutting blades and the column body, the columnar telescopic bag is communicated with a second hydraulic input pipe through a hydraulic hole channel in the column body, and hydraulic oil is injected or pumped into or out of the columnar telescopic bag, so that the turnable cutting blades and the column body keep an included angle of 50-80 degrees or are attached to the side wall of the column body;

the cylinder is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism, the cylinder is communicated with an external liquid pipeline by a rotary joint, and the main body of the driving mechanism is a motor.

As another optimization scheme of the pretreatment device for fecal sample detection, the top end of the sample treatment probe is connected with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is arranged on a lifting plate, the edge of the lifting plate is arranged in a vertical sliding groove in the side wall of the shell in a sliding manner, the lifting plate divides the upper part of the sample treatment cavity into a height-variable equipment cavity, and the driving mechanism is driven by four groups of synchronous hydraulic lifting oil cylinders in the equipment cavity to lift, so that the lifting of the sample treatment probe is realized.

As another optimized scheme of the pretreatment device for fecal sample detection, the center of the bottom of the sample treatment cavity is provided with a truncated cone-shaped fixing cavity, the inner wall of the fixing cavity is attached to the side wall and the bottom wall of the disposable sampling cup, and the disposable sampling cup filled with fecal samples is fixed in the fixing cavity by bolts; the center of the bottom of the fixed cavity is provided with a penetrating hole for the fluid to pass through after penetrating the disposable sampling cup.

As another optimization scheme of the pretreatment device for fecal sample detection, the disposable sampling cup is provided with a truncated cone-shaped cup body, the top and the bottom of the cup body are respectively provided with a film sealing cover and a sealing film, the top of the cup body is provided with a horizontal extension part, and the extension part is matched and fixed with the top end of a fixed cavity in a sample processing cavity.

As another optimized scheme of the pretreatment device for fecal sample detection, the bacteria culture mechanism is arranged in a culture dish taking and placing cavity of the shell, and the side wall of the culture dish taking and placing cavity is provided with an openable window so as to take out or place the culture dish pre-filled with culture solution from the bacteria culture mechanism through the window; the both sides of culture dish have along the track of culture dish extraction or push-in direction, are provided with the heat preservation chamber in the below of culture dish for keep the temperature in the culture dish.

As another optimized scheme of the pretreatment device for fecal sample detection, a washing cavity located below the culture dish is arranged in the shell, a lifting washing mechanism is arranged in the washing cavity, the lifting washing mechanism comprises a vertical sleeve with an open top end and a washing tank arranged in the vertical sleeve, the washing tank is a cylinder with an open top end and made of an elastic material, the cylinder is driven to extend out or retract into the vertical sleeve through a hydraulic telescopic cylinder arranged at the bottom of the cylinder, a butt joint matched with the conical tip of the flow guide body is arranged at the bottom of the washing tank, a washing pore passage communicated with the washing water pipe is arranged in the butt joint, when the hydraulic telescopic cylinder extends out to a limit position, the top edge of the washing tank is extruded below the sample treatment cavity and forms a washing space enclosing the extending flow guide body in the sample treatment cavity, and the butt joint tightly pushes the flow guide body, so that washing water enters the flow guide body drainage channel along the washing pore passage and then flows out of the sample treatment cavity, and washing is completed.

As another optimization scheme of the pretreatment device for fecal sample detection, the top end opening of the vertical sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the culture dish, so that after the culture dish is taken away, the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder can drive the cleaning tank to extend out, and the treatment probe is cleaned.

The treatment liquid is a common treatment liquid for treating excrement in the medical field, mainly aims to dilute an excrement sample and enable bacteria in the excrement to enter the treatment liquid so as to be convenient to check, and comprises a glycerol aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10-15%.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) The invention can process the fecal sample, so that trace bacteria in the fecal sample are propagated before inspection and are easier to detect, thereby not only greatly shortening the detection time of the fecal sample and improving the detection efficiency, but also more importantly, the invention can more accurately detect trace pathogenic bacteria contained in the fecal sample, detect diseases in advance and avoid delaying the treatment opportunity; the treatment probe can be inserted into the disposable sampling cup, treatment liquid is injected into the excrement sample to dilute excrement, then the flow guide body in the treatment probe can extend out to puncture the bottom of the disposable sampling cup again, and the diluted excrement sample is introduced into the bacterial culture mechanism to be cultured, so that trace pathogenic bacteria can be propagated, the quantity of the pathogenic bacteria is increased, and the pathogenic bacteria can be easily detected in a later period;

2) The flow guide body can extend out or retract into the column body of the treatment probe under the hydraulic drive, so that the flow guide body can retract into the column body when diluting the excrement sample, the bottom end of the treatment probe is contacted with the excrement sample as much as possible, and the treatment liquid is released, so that bacteria in excrement can enter the treatment liquid to complete treatment; then the flow guide body extends out and punctures the bottom of the disposable sampling cup, so that the treatment liquid containing bacteria can pass through the liquid inlet hole on the side surface of the column body and drop into a culture dish along the flow guide channel in the flow guide body for culture, and at the moment, the excrement sample soaked by the treatment liquid is still in the disposable sampling cup and is convenient to take out; in order to enable bacteria in excrement to enter the treatment liquid as much as possible, the treatment probe is also provided with reversible cutting blades, the reversible cutting blades can keep a certain angle with a cylinder of the treatment probe under the control of a columnar telescopic bag, and the cylinder rotates automatically at the same time, so that the excrement sample is cut and stirred, the treatment liquid can contact the excrement sample as much as possible, and the bacteria in the treatment liquid enter the treatment liquid;

3) The invention is also provided with a lifting flushing mechanism, the main body of the lifting flushing mechanism is a cleaning tank which is driven by a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder and is made of elastic materials, a butt joint matched with the bottom end of the flow guide body is arranged in the cleaning tank, when the cleaning tank is lifted to a limit position, a cleaning cavity which encloses the processing probe can be formed, cleaning water is injected into the processing probe through the butt joint, and the cleaning water reversely flows out along the liquid inlet hole and finally converges in the cleaning tank and the fixed cavity, so that the automatic cleaning of the processing probe is completed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view after loading into a disposable sampling cup;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a treatment probe extended into a disposable sampling cup;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the treatment probe with the reversible cutting blades deployed;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fluid carrier extending out after puncturing the disposable sampling cup;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the disposable sampling cup and petri dish after being removed and prior to washing;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the lifting and lowering mechanism being raised for cleaning;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a treatment probe;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the treatment probe;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a treatment probe with a flow conductor extended for drainage;

fig. 11 is a detailed view of the fluid-guiding body and the column body in fig. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the bacteria culturing mechanism and the lifting and washing mechanism;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a disposable sampling cup;

reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a shell, 101, a synchronous hydraulic lifting cylinder, 102, a lifting plate, 103, an equipment cavity, 104, a sample processing cavity, 105, a fixed cavity, 106, a penetrating hole, 107, a culture dish taking and placing cavity, 108, a flushing cavity, 2, a driving mechanism, 201, a motor, 202, a rotary joint, 203, a first hydraulic input pipe, 204, a processing liquid input pipe, 205, a second hydraulic input pipe, 3, a sample processing probe, 301, a cylinder, 302, a hydraulic driving cavity, 303, a flow guide body, 304, a flow guide channel, 305, a flow guide hole, 306, a liquid inlet hole, 307, a processing liquid pipeline, 308, a reversible cutting blade, 309, a columnar telescopic bag, 4, a bacteria culture mechanism, 401, a culture dish, 402, a track, 403, a heat preservation cavity, 5, a disposable sampling cup, 501, a cup body, 502, a film sealing cover, 503, a sealing film, 504, an extension part, 6, a lifting flushing mechanism, 601, a vertical sleeve, 602, an opening, 603, a cleaning tank, 604, a butt joint, a cleaning water pipe, 605, 606, a cleaning pore passage, 607.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments. The parts of the invention not described in the following embodiments are all the prior art, such as a hydraulic oil cylinder and a hydraulic system and a swivel joint matched with the hydraulic oil cylinder.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-5, a pretreatment device for detecting a fecal sample in an intensive care unit comprises a housing 1 and an openable sample treatment chamber 104 arranged in the housing 1, wherein the fecal sample is placed in a sealed disposable sampling cup 5, and is sent into the sample treatment chamber 104 for fixation and then is pretreated; a bacteria culture mechanism 4 and a liftable sample processing probe 3 are arranged in the shell 1, wherein the sample processing probe 3 comprises a cylinder 301 with a conical tip at the bottom, a processing liquid pipeline 307 communicated with a processing liquid input pipe 204 is arranged in the cylinder 301, and the processing liquid pipeline 307 injects processing liquid into the excrement sample after the excrement sample in the disposable sampling cup 5 is inserted into the bottom end of the sample processing probe 3;

the center of cylinder 301 is provided with the cylindricality chamber of bottom open-ended, slide in this cylindricality intracavity and be provided with the baffle 303, and form hydraulic drive chamber 302 between the top of this baffle 303 and the cylindricality chamber top, this hydraulic drive chamber 302 and first hydraulic pressure input pipe 203 intercommunication to utilize hydraulic oil control baffle 303's conical tip to stretch out or retract in the cylindricality chamber, and puncture disposable sampling cup 5 bottom when baffle 303's conical tip stretches out, make the excrement and urine sample that has handled the processing fluid drip into and carry out the bacterial culture in the culture dish 401 of bacterial culture mechanism 4.

The treatment liquid is a common treatment liquid for treating excrement in the medical field, mainly aims to dilute an excrement sample and enable bacteria in the excrement to enter the treatment liquid so as to be convenient to check, and comprises a glycerol aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10-15%. The culture dish 401 contains a culture medium for culturing bacteria, which is generally lb medium or agar medium.

The foregoing is a basic embodiment of the present invention, and further modifications, optimizations and limitations can be made on the foregoing, so as to obtain the following examples:

example 2

The present embodiment is an optimized scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 8-11, a drainage channel 304 is disposed in the flow guiding body 303, a bottom end of the drainage channel 304 is open on a bottom end surface of the flow guiding body 303, a plurality of drainage holes 305 extending obliquely upward to openings of side walls of the drainage channel are connected to a top end of the flow guiding body 303, and when the flow guiding body 303 extends to a limit position, the drainage holes 305 are communicated with liquid inlet holes 306 formed in the side wall of the bottom end of the cylinder 301 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the processed fecal sample liquid is dropped into the culture dish 401 through the liquid inlet holes 306, the drainage holes 305 and the drainage channel 304.

Example 3

The present embodiment is an optimized solution based on embodiment 2, and the main structure of the optimized solution is the same as that of embodiment 2, and the improvement points are as follows: as shown in fig. 8-11, the liquid inlet hole 306 is disposed obliquely, the high open end extends to the bottom end of the side surface of the column 301, the low end is communicated with the column cavity, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet hole 306 is gradually reduced from the high end to the low end, and a filter screen is disposed in the liquid inlet hole 306 to filter impurities in the fecal sample liquid.

Example 4

The present embodiment is another optimization scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 8 and 9, a plurality of reversible cutting blades 308 are arranged around the column 301, the top ends of the reversible cutting blades 308 are hinged on the side wall of the column 301, a columnar telescopic bag 309 is arranged between the middle part of the reversible cutting blades 308 and the column 301, the columnar telescopic bag 309 is communicated with the second hydraulic input pipe 205 through a hydraulic hole in the column 301, and the reversible cutting blades 308 and the column 301 keep an included angle of 50-80 degrees or are attached to the side wall of the column 301 by injecting or extracting hydraulic oil into or from the columnar telescopic bag 309;

the cylinder 301 is driven by a driving mechanism 2 to rotate, and is communicated with an external liquid pipeline by using a swivel joint 202, and the main body of the driving mechanism 2 is a motor 201.

In this embodiment, the reversible cutting blades 308 are sharp-edged blades that are uniformly distributed around the cylinder 301, typically 2-4 in number; 2-4 strip-shaped shallow grooves can be uniformly arranged on the surface of the cylinder 301, and a reversible cutting blade 308 is hinged in each strip-shaped shallow groove; the columnar telescopic bag 309 is made of elastic materials, is positioned in the strip-shaped shallow groove, and is vertical to the column body 301 in the telescopic direction.

Example 5

The present embodiment is an optimization scheme based on embodiment 4, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 4, and the improvement point is: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the top end of the sample processing probe 3 is connected to a driving mechanism 2, the driving mechanism 2 is disposed on a lifting plate 102, the edge of the lifting plate 102 is slidably disposed in a vertical sliding slot on the side wall of the housing 1, the lifting plate 102 partitions the upper portion of the sample processing chamber 104 into a device chamber 103 with variable height, and the driving mechanism 2 is driven by four sets of synchronous hydraulic lifting cylinders 101 in the device chamber 103 to lift and lower, so as to lift and lower the sample processing probe 3.

Example 6

The present embodiment is another optimization scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 1-7, the center of the bottom of the sample processing chamber 104 is provided with a fixing chamber 105 in the shape of a truncated cone, the inner wall of the fixing chamber 105 is attached to the side wall and the bottom wall of the disposable sampling cup 5, and the disposable sampling cup 5 filled with the stool sample is fixed in the fixing chamber 105 by means of bolts; the bottom center of the fixing chamber 105 has a penetration hole 106 for the flow guiding body 303 to pass through after penetrating the disposable sampling cup 5.

In this embodiment, the fixing chamber 105 at the bottom of the sample processing chamber 104 is formed by: the upper plate and the lower plate which are parallel are fixed on the inner side wall of the shell 1, a hole is dug in the center of the upper plate, a circular truncated cone-shaped guard plate is downwards installed at the hole, and the bottom of the guard plate is fixed on the lower plate.

In this embodiment, an openable access opening is formed in a side wall of the housing 1 at a position corresponding to the fixing cavity 105, and the disposable sampling cup 5 can be directly loaded into the fixing cavity 105 through the access opening.

Example 7

The present embodiment is an optimized scheme based on embodiment 6, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 6, and the improvement point is that: as shown in fig. 13, the disposable sampling cup 5 has a truncated cone-shaped cup body 501, the top and bottom of the cup body 501 are respectively provided with a film cover 502 and a sealing film 503, the top of the cup body 501 is provided with a horizontal extension portion 504, and the extension portion 504 is matched and fixed with the top end of the fixing cavity 105 in the sample processing cavity 104.

In this embodiment, the disposable sampling cup 5 is made of plastic, and the top and bottom film covers 502 and the sealing film 503 are provided to prevent odor and bacteria from being emitted, and facilitate the penetration and penetration of the sample processing probe 3.

Of course, this embodiment may also be modified based on embodiment 1, so as to obtain another technical solution.

Example 8

The present embodiment is another optimization scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is: as shown in fig. 12, the bacteria culture mechanism 4 is arranged in the culture dish taking and placing cavity 107 of the housing 1, and the side wall of the culture dish taking and placing cavity 107 is provided with an openable window so as to take out or place a culture dish 401 filled with culture solution in the bacteria culture mechanism 4 through the window; both sides of the culture dish 401 have rails 402 along the direction in which the culture dish 401 is drawn out or pushed in, and a heat-retaining chamber 403 is provided below the culture dish 401 for maintaining the temperature inside the culture dish 401.

In this embodiment, the heat preservation chamber 403 has a constant temperature heating wire therein; the culture dish 401 is internally sleeved with a disposable plastic culture dish, thereby being convenient for replacement.

Example 9

The present embodiment is another optimization scheme based on embodiment 1, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the improvement point is: as shown in fig. 12, a washing chamber 108 located below the petri dish 401 is disposed in the housing 1, a lifting washing mechanism 6 is disposed in the washing chamber 108, the lifting washing mechanism 6 includes a vertical sleeve 601 with an open top 602 and a washing tank 603 disposed in the vertical sleeve 601, the washing tank 603 is a cylinder made of an elastic material and having an open top, and the cylinder is driven to extend out or retract into the vertical sleeve 601 by a hydraulic telescopic cylinder 607 disposed at a bottom thereof, a butt joint 604 matching with a tapered tip of the flow conductor 303 is disposed at the bottom of the washing tank 603, a washing hole 606 communicated with a washing water pipe 605 is disposed in the butt joint 604, when the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 607 extends to a limit position, a top edge of the washing tank 603 is pressed below the sample processing chamber 104 and encloses a washing space enclosing the extended flow conductor 303 therein, and the butt joint 604 tightly abuts against the flow conductor 303, so as to enter the drainage channel 304 of the flow conductor 303 along the washing hole 606 and further flow out into the sample processing chamber 104, thereby completing washing.

In this embodiment, the culture dish 401 and the disposable sampling cup 5 are taken out and then washed.

Example 10

The present embodiment is an optimized solution based on embodiment 9, and the main structure thereof is the same as that of embodiment 9, and the improvement point is that: as shown in FIG. 12, the top end opening 602 of the vertical sleeve 601 is at the bottom of the culture dish 401, so that after the culture dish 401 is taken away, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 607 can drive the cleaning tank 603 to extend out to clean the processing probe 3.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for detecting a fecal sample for an intensive care unit comprises a shell (1) and an openable sample treatment cavity (104) arranged in the shell (1), wherein the fecal sample is placed in a sealed disposable sampling cup (5) and is sent into the sample treatment cavity (104) for fixation and then is pretreated; the method is characterized in that: a bacteria culture mechanism (4) and a liftable sample processing probe (3) are arranged in the shell (1), wherein the sample processing probe (3) comprises a cylinder (301) with a conical tip at the bottom, a processing liquid pipeline (307) communicated with a processing liquid input pipe (204) is arranged in the cylinder (301), and the processing liquid pipeline (307) injects processing liquid into the excrement sample after the excrement sample in the disposable sampling cup (5) is inserted into the bottom end of the sample processing probe (3);

a cylindrical cavity with an opening at the bottom end is arranged at the center of the cylinder (301), a flow guide body (303) is arranged in the cylindrical cavity in a sliding mode, a hydraulic driving cavity (302) is formed between the top of the flow guide body (303) and the top of the cylindrical cavity, the hydraulic driving cavity (302) is communicated with the first hydraulic input pipe (203), so that the conical tip of the flow guide body (303) is controlled to extend out of or retract into the cylindrical cavity by utilizing hydraulic oil, the bottom of the disposable sampling cup (5) is punctured when the conical tip of the flow guide body (303) extends out, and an excrement sample treated by the treatment liquid is dripped into a culture dish (401) of the bacteria culture mechanism (4) to carry out bacteria culture;

be provided with drainage channel (304) in baffle (303), the bottom opening of this drainage channel (304) is on the bottom face of baffle (303), and the top is connected with a plurality of slopes and upwards extends to its lateral wall open-ended drainage hole (305), and when these drainage holes (305) stretched out extreme position at baffle (303), feed liquor hole (306) one-to-one intercommunication of seting up with cylinder (301) bottom lateral wall to make in excrement and urine sample liquid through feed liquor hole (306), drainage hole (305) and drainage channel (304) of handling instil into culture dish (401).

2. The pretreatment device for stool sample examination for an intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid inlet hole (306) is obliquely arranged, one end of the opening with a high position extends to the bottom end of the side surface of the column body (301), one end with a low position is communicated with the column-shaped cavity, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet hole (306) is gradually reduced from one end with a high position to one end with a low position, and a filter screen is arranged in the liquid inlet hole (306) to filter impurities in the liquid of the excrement sample.

3. The pretreatment device for stool sample examination for an intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of turnable cutting blades (308) are arranged around the column body (301), the top ends of the turnable cutting blades (308) are hinged to the side wall of the column body (301), a columnar telescopic bag (309) is arranged between the middle part of the turnable cutting blades and the column body (301), the columnar telescopic bag (309) is communicated with a second hydraulic input pipe (205) through a hydraulic hole channel positioned in the column body (301), and hydraulic oil is injected or extracted into or out of the columnar telescopic bag (309), so that the turnable cutting blades (308) and the column body (301) keep an included angle of 50-80 degrees or are attached to the side wall of the column body (301);

the cylinder (301) is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism (2), and is communicated with an external liquid pipeline by a rotary joint (202), and the main body of the driving mechanism (2) is a motor (201).

4. The pretreatment device for examining a stool sample for an intensive care unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: the top end of the sample processing probe (3) is connected with the driving mechanism (2), the driving mechanism (2) is arranged on a lifting plate (102), the edge of the lifting plate (102) is arranged in a vertical sliding groove in the side wall of the shell (1) in a sliding mode, the lifting plate (102) divides the upper portion of the sample processing cavity (104) into a height-variable equipment cavity (103), and the driving mechanism (2) is driven to lift by four groups of synchronous hydraulic lifting oil cylinders (101) in the equipment cavity (103), so that the lifting of the sample processing probe (3) is realized.

5. The pretreatment device for examining a fecal sample for an intensive care unit according to claim 1, wherein: the center of the bottom of the sample processing cavity (104) is provided with a truncated cone-shaped fixing cavity (105), the inner wall of the fixing cavity (105) is attached to the side wall and the bottom wall of the disposable sampling cup (5), and the disposable sampling cup (5) filled with the excrement sample is fixed in the fixing cavity (105) by means of bolts; the center of the bottom of the fixed cavity (105) is provided with a penetrating hole (106) for the current guiding body (303) to pass through after penetrating the disposable sampling cup (5).

6. The pretreatment device for testing a stool sample for an intensive care unit according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the disposable sampling cup (5) is provided with a truncated cone-shaped cup body (501), the top and the bottom of the cup body (501) are respectively provided with a film sealing cover (502) and a sealing film (503), the top of the cup body (501) is provided with a horizontal extension part (504), and the extension part (504) is matched and fixed with the top end of a fixing cavity (105) in the sample processing cavity (104).

7. The pretreatment device for stool sample examination for an intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bacterial culture mechanism (4) is arranged in a culture dish taking and placing cavity (107) of the shell (1), and the side wall of the culture dish taking and placing cavity (107) is provided with an openable window so as to take out or place a culture dish (401) which is filled with culture solution in the bacterial culture mechanism (4) through the window; the two sides of the culture dish (401) are provided with rails (402) along the direction of taking out or pushing in the culture dish (401), and a heat preservation cavity (403) is arranged below the culture dish (401) and used for keeping the temperature in the culture dish (401).

8. The pretreatment device for stool sample examination for an intensive care unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the washing device is characterized in that a washing cavity (108) located below a culture dish (401) is arranged in the shell (1), a lifting washing mechanism (6) is arranged in the washing cavity (108), the lifting washing mechanism (6) comprises a vertical sleeve (601) with an opening at the top end (602) and a washing tank (603) arranged in the vertical sleeve (601), the washing tank (603) is a cylinder made of elastic materials and provided with an opening at the top, the cylinder drives the cylinder to extend out of or retract into the vertical sleeve (601) through a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder (607) arranged at the bottom of the cylinder, a butt joint (604) matched with the conical tip of the flow guide body (303) is arranged at the bottom of the washing tank (603), a washing pore passage (606) communicated with a washing water pipe (605) is arranged in the butt joint (604), when the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder (607) extends out to a limit position, the top edge of the washing tank (603) is extruded below the sample processing cavity (104) and encloses into a washing space enclosing the extended flow guide body (303), the flow guide body (303) is tightly supported by the butt joint (604), and then enters the washing pore passage (304) to be processed, and the sample processing cavity (304) so as to finish the flow guide body (303).

9. The pretreatment device for examining a fecal sample according to claim 8, wherein: the top end opening of the vertical sleeve (601) is arranged at the bottom of the culture dish (401), so that after the culture dish (401) is taken away, the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder (607) can drive the cleaning tank (603) to extend out, and the sample processing probe (3) is cleaned.