CN113186524A - Protective coating for inner wall of combustion chamber in high-temperature friction environment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Protective coating for inner wall of combustion chamber in high-temperature friction environment and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113186524A
CN113186524A CN202110481586.8A CN202110481586A CN113186524A CN 113186524 A CN113186524 A CN 113186524A CN 202110481586 A CN202110481586 A CN 202110481586A CN 113186524 A CN113186524 A CN 113186524A
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powder
coating
protective coating
combustion chamber
wall
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袁建辉
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Suzhou Zhongpeng Technology Co ltd
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Suzhou Zhongpeng Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M11/00—Safety arrangements

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a protective coating for the inner wall of a combustion chamber in a high-temperature friction environment, which is prepared from composite powder, wherein the composite powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 85 wt% -90 wt% of metal ceramic powder and 5 wt% -10 wt% of WS2Powder, 5 wt% -10 wt% of fluoride powder, wherein the fluoride powder is composed of CeF3、LaF3The protective coating is mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1, the wear resistance of the protective coating is good, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the protective coating on the inner wall of the combustion chamber in a high-temperature friction environment, the method is simple to operate, and the bonding strength of the obtained protective coating and a base material is high.

Description

Protective coating for inner wall of combustion chamber in high-temperature friction environment and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coating protection, in particular to a protective coating for the inner wall of a combustion chamber in a high-temperature friction environment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of engines, the temperature of a combustion chamber is continuously increased, the working environment of various hot end components is worse, and a protective coating needs to be formed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber to ensure that the maximum service temperature of a base material is not exceeded in the use process, so that the service life of the hot end components is prolonged as far as possible.
The traditional methods for preparing the coating are more, such as a powder method, a slurry method, vapor deposition, vacuum spraying, a dipping method, a high-temperature spraying method, welding and cladding and the like. Among them, thermal spraying is a coating preparation method which is very widely used. The method for preparing the coating has the advantages of low cost and high preparation efficiency. However, the coating prepared by the technology has certain porosity, mechanical embedding is adopted between the coating and the base material, the bonding strength is not high, cracking or peeling is easy to occur under the high-temperature and stress state, and the coating prepared by the method is not suitable for being applied to parts with high load and high-speed work.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a protective coating for the inner wall of a combustion chamber in a high-temperature friction environment and a preparation method thereof, so as to obtain a protective coating with high density and good bonding strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high porosity and low bonding strength of the conventional coating, and provides a protective coating for the inner wall of a combustion chamber in a high-temperature friction environment and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a combustion chamber inner wall protective coating under high temperature friction environment, protective coating is prepared by composite powder, composite powder includes according to the mass percent: 85 wt% -90 wt% of metal ceramic powder and 5 wt% -10 wt% of WS2Powder, 5 wt% -10 wt% of fluoride powder, wherein the fluoride powder is composed of CeF3、LaF3The components are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The metal ceramic powder comprises 1-3 wt% of trace elements and 30-35 wt% of Cr3C2And the balance of NiCr.
The trace elements comprise one or more of rare earth elements, silicon, boron and lanthanum oxide.
The thickness of the protective coating is 1-3 mm.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention also adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a protective coating on the inner wall of a combustion chamber in a high-temperature friction environment comprises the following steps:
firstly, obtaining composite powder;
secondly, preparing the composite powder into a coating and coating the coating on the surface of the pretreated substrate to obtain a preset coating;
and thirdly, scanning the surface of the obtained preset coating by using a laser beam to ensure that the preset coating is melted after being irradiated by the laser.
The first step specifically adopts the following method: mixing CeF3 powder and LaF3 powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain fluoride powder, then mixing 85 wt% of metal ceramic powder, 5 wt% -10 wt% of WS2 powder and 5 wt% -10 wt% of fluoride powder, and preparing the composite powder through high-energy ball milling and mesh screening.
The second step specifically adopts the following method: and (3) preparing the composite powder into paste by using a binder, uniformly coating the paste on the surface of the pretreated base material, wherein the coating thickness is 1-3 mm, and standing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ to obtain a preset coating.
The laser cladding parameters in the third step comprise: the laser power is 1500-3000W, the scanning linear velocity is 0.05-0.3 m/s, and the defocusing amount is 30-90 mm.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the laser cladding technology is utilized, the energy density of laser beams is concentrated, the utilization rate is high, the processing is carried out under the inert gas condition, the oxidation reaction is avoided, the protective coating with high density and good bonding strength with the base material is prepared, and the problem that the wear resistance of the traditional coating is reduced at high temperature is solved.
(2) The wide-temperature-range protective coating prepared by adopting the laser cladding process has the advantages of simple process, moderate coating thickness, high preparation efficiency and low production cost, can be prepared in a large area, is suitable for industrialized production, and further widens the application field of the alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of the protective coatings produced in examples 1, 2, 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional profile of a protective coating made in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is the distribution of the main elements on the surface of the protective coating obtained in example 1 of the present invention after high temperature wear test;
FIG. 4 is a wear profile of the surface of the protective coating made in example 1 of the present invention after wear testing;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a method for preparing a protective coating on the inner wall of a combustion chamber in a high-temperature friction environment according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a line drawing of Table 1 in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a protective coating for the inner wall of a combustion chamber in a high-temperature friction environment, which is formed on the surface of a base material on the inner wall of the combustion chamber and plays a role in wear resistance.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the protective coating is 1-3 mm, and the coating is compact and has no defects such as air hole cracks and the like.
The protective coating is prepared from composite powder, and the composite powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 85 wt% -90 wt% of metal ceramic powder and 5 wt% -10 wt% of WS2Powder, 5 wt% -10 wt% fluoride powder;
in this embodiment, the cermet powder comprises 1 wt% -3 wt% of trace elements and 30 wt% -35 wt% of Cr3C2And the balance of NiCr, wherein the trace elements comprise one or more of rare earth elements, silicon, boron and lanthanum oxide.
In this example, the fluoride powder was made of CeF3、LaF3The components are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the protective coating on the inner wall of the combustion chamber in the high-temperature friction environment, wherein the thickness of the protective coating is 1-3 mm, as shown in figure 5, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, obtaining composite powder which is mixed evenly;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: CeF is mixed with3Powder and LaF3Mixing the powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain fluoride powder, and mixing 85 wt% of metal ceramic powder and 5 wt%～10wt％WS2Mixing the powder with 5-10 wt% of fluoride powder, and preparing the composite powder which has high apparent density and good fluidity and is in a spherical or nearly spherical structure through a high-energy ball milling and a mesh screening process.
Step S2, preprocessing the surface of the base material;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: cleaning the base material, and carrying out surface sand blasting treatment by adopting 60-mesh brown corundum sand to roughen the surface and improve the bonding strength of the coating and the base material.
In other embodiments, the substrate surface may be roughened by threading, knurling, electro-galling, and the like.
Step S3, preparing a composite powder coating and coating the composite powder coating on the surface of the pretreated base material;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: the composite powder is prepared into paste by using a binder (diacetone alcohol + cellulose acetate), then the paste is uniformly coated on the surface of the pretreated base material, the coating thickness is 1-3 mm, and the pre-coating is obtained after the pre-coating is kept stand for 6 hours in a drying oven at 50 ℃.
In other embodiments, the drying method may also be air drying, airing, or the like.
And S4, scanning the surface of the preset coating obtained in the step S3 by using a laser beam under the protective atmosphere of inert gas, so that the composite powder is melted after being irradiated by the laser, and elements are fully diffused to obtain the metallurgically bonded wide-temperature-range protective coating.
The laser cladding parameters include: the laser power is 1500-3000W, the scanning linear velocity is 0.05-0.3 m/s, the defocusing amount is 30-90 mm, the inert gas pressure is 5-15 MPa, and the argon/carbon dioxide is 5-20.
Example 1
Step S1, obtaining composite powder which is mixed evenly;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: CeF is mixed with3Powder and LaF3Mixing the powders according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain fluoride powder, and then mixing 85 wt% of metal ceramic powder and 7.5 wt% of WS2Mixing the powder with 7.5 wt% fluoride powder, passing through a high energy ball mill andand (3) screening the screen to prepare the mixed complex phase metal ceramic powder which has high apparent density and good fluidity and is in a spherical or nearly spherical structure.
Step S2, preprocessing the surface of the base material;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: cleaning the base material, and carrying out surface sand blasting treatment by adopting 60-mesh brown corundum sand to roughen the surface and improve the bonding strength of the coating and the base material.
In other embodiments, the substrate surface may be roughened by threading, knurling, electro-galling, and the like.
Step S3, preparing a composite powder coating and coating the composite powder coating on the surface of the pretreated base material;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: the composite powder is prepared into paste by using a binder (diacetone alcohol + cellulose acetate), then the paste is uniformly coated on the surface of the pretreated base material, the coating thickness is 1-3 mm, and the pre-coating is obtained after the pre-coating is kept stand for 6 hours in a drying oven at 50 ℃.
In other embodiments, the drying mode may also include air drying and airing.
And S4, scanning the surface of the preset coating obtained in the step S3 by using a laser beam under the protective atmosphere of inert gas, so that the composite powder is melted after being irradiated by the laser, elements are fully diffused, and the metallurgically bonded wide-temperature-range self-lubricating wear-resistant coating is obtained.
The laser cladding parameters include: the laser power is 2700W, the moving linear velocity of the light spot is 0.12m/s, the defocusing amount is 45mm, the lap joint rate is 40%, the inert gas pressure is 8MPa, and the argon/carbon dioxide is 10.
In this example, the thickness of the protective coating is 2 mm.
Example 2
CeF is mixed with3Powder and LaF3Mixing the powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain fluoride powder, and then mixing 85 wt% of metal ceramic powder and 5 wt% of WS2The powder and 10 wt% fluoride powder were mixed, and other preparation conditions were exactly the same as in example 1.
Example 3
CeF is mixed with3Powder and LaF3Mixing the powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain fluoride powder, and then mixing 85 wt% of metal ceramic powder and 10 wt% of WS2The powder and 5 wt% fluoride powder were mixed, and other preparation conditions were exactly the same as in example 1.
Example 4
Without addition of WS2Powder and fluoride powder, only cermet powder was used, and other preparation conditions were exactly the same as in example 1.
Example 5
Mixing 90 wt% of cermet powder and 10 wt% of WS2The powders were mixed and the other preparation conditions were exactly the same as in example 1.
Example 6
CeF is mixed with3Powder and LaF3The powders were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain fluoride powder, and 90 wt% of cermet powder and 10 wt% of fluoride powder were mixed, and the other preparation conditions were exactly the same as those in example 1.
Example 7
In the laser cladding parameters, the laser power is 2500W, the moving linear velocity of a light spot is 0.10m/s, the defocusing amount is 45mm, and other raw material components and preparation conditions are completely the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 8
In the laser cladding parameters, the laser power is 2300W, the moving linear velocity of a light spot is 0.12m/s, the defocusing amount is 40mm, and the components and preparation conditions of other raw materials are completely the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 9
The lapping rate in the laser cladding parameters is 50%, and other raw material components and preparation conditions are completely the same as those in example 1.
Examples 1-9 prepared coating samples were characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with an accompanying energy spectrometer (EDS), and the results are shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Fig. 1 is an XRD pattern of the protective coatings prepared in examples 1, 2, 3: no peak of WS2 character was observed in the C1 coating, indicating that WS2 was mostly classified at this composition ratioAnd (5) solving. Presence of WS in C2 and C3 coatings2、CeO2、CrxSyEqual lubricating phase exists, and C3 has a small amount of La2O3The lubricating phases exist steadily, which is the reason of excellent antifriction and antiwear performance of the coating, and diffraction peaks of compounds of Ni and Fe exist, which indicates that the coating is metallurgically bonded with the base material.
FIG. 2 is the cross-sectional profile of the protective coating made in example 1: fig. 2(a) is the overall profile of the laser cladding wear-resistant coating at a lower magnification. FIG. 2(b) is a partial enlargement of the bonding region at the bottom of the coating layer, and it can be seen that there is a bright boundary line between the coating layer and the substrate, and the A region is analyzed by EDS to be a gamma phase formed by Ni element and Fe element and Ni formed by Ni element reacting with W element17W3Eutectic structure, and B area is composite carbide formed by C element and Cr element. While FIG. 2(C) is a partial enlargement of the middle region of the coating, the structure C of the sheet-like structure analyzed by EDS contains the equivalent Ni and Cr elements and the S element, presumably NiS and CrxSyA eutectic structure. Cluster structure D, which should be LaF by analysis3And CeO2Co-crystal of (a). While FIG. 2(d) is a partial enlargement of the top of the coating, the diffuse distribution of the black speck material E is analyzed as the non-decomposed part WS2。
FIG. 3 is the distribution of the main elements on the surface of the protective coating obtained in example 1 after the high temperature wear test: it can be seen from fig. 3 that the contents of Ni, Cr and Fe elements in the abraded region and the unworn region of the composite coating after high-temperature abrasion are substantially the same, and the distribution of the elements before and after abrasion is hardly changed. This may indicate that the coating has a uniform distribution of the three main elements over its surface and thickness, meaning that the properties of the coating are uniform throughout, which is beneficial for continuous operation of the coating at high temperatures.
FIG. 4 is a wear profile of the surface of the protective coating made in example 1 after wear testing, showing that the wear scar surface is substantially smooth at room temperature; at 400 ℃, more glaze layers exist on the surface of the coating; at 800 ℃, more oxide films appear on the surface of the coating. The above situation shows that the composite coating can effectively reduce friction and reduce abrasion at room temperature to 800 ℃.
Examples 1 to 9 were tested using a HT-1000 type high temperature friction and wear tester for the wear resistance of the coating from room temperature to 800 ℃, with a test load of 50N for 30 minutes, and the results are shown in table 1 and fig. 6, where table 1 is the difference between the wear amount of the base material (unmodified coating) and the wear amounts of examples 1 to 9 under the same test conditions, and the larger the difference, the better the wear resistance of the coating.
Examples Abrasion loss at 25 ℃ per mg Abrasion loss at 400 ℃ per mg 800 ℃ and abrasion loss/mg
Example 1 4.82 6.59 8.71
Example 2 3.95 6.41 8.87
Example 3 4.73 6.49 7.91
Example 4 3.21 2.46 2.57
Example 5 5.02 5.46 3.95
Example 6 3.04 5.47 8.65
Example 7 4.65 6.21 8.57
Example 8 4.32 6.01 8.63
Example 9 5.02 6.37 8.43
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. High-temperature friction ringThe protective coating for the inner wall of the combustion chamber is characterized by being prepared from composite powder, wherein the composite powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 85 wt% -90 wt% of metal ceramic powder and 5 wt% -10 wt% of WS2Powder, 5 wt% -10 wt% of fluoride powder, wherein the fluoride powder is composed of CeF3、LaF3The components are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
2. The protective coating for the inner wall of the combustion chamber in the high-temperature friction environment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cermet powder comprises 1-3 wt% of trace elements and 30-35 wt% of Cr3C2And the balance of NiCr.
3. The protective coating for the inner wall of the combustion chamber in the high-temperature friction environment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the trace elements comprise one or more of rare earth elements, silicon, boron and lanthanum oxide.
4. The protective coating for the inner wall of the combustion chamber in the high-temperature friction environment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of the protective coating is 1-3 mm.
5. A preparation method of a protective coating on the inner wall of a combustion chamber in a high-temperature friction environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, obtaining composite powder;
secondly, preparing the composite powder into a coating and coating the coating on the surface of the pretreated substrate to obtain a preset coating;
and thirdly, scanning the surface of the obtained preset coating by using a laser beam to ensure that the preset coating is melted after being irradiated by the laser.
6. The preparation method of the protective coating on the inner wall of the combustion chamber in the high-temperature friction environment according to claim 5, characterized in that the first step specifically adopts the following method: mixing CeF3 powder and LaF3 powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain fluoride powder, then mixing 85 wt% of metal ceramic powder, 5 wt% -10 wt% of WS2 powder and 5 wt% -10 wt% of fluoride powder, and preparing the composite powder through high-energy ball milling and mesh screening.
7. The method for preparing the protective coating on the inner wall of the combustion chamber in the high-temperature friction environment according to claim 6, wherein the second step specifically adopts the following method: and (3) preparing the composite powder into paste by using a binder, uniformly coating the paste on the surface of the pretreated base material, wherein the coating thickness is 1-3 mm, and standing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ to obtain a preset coating.
8. The method for preparing the protective coating on the inner wall of the combustion chamber in the high-temperature friction environment according to claim 6, wherein the laser cladding parameters in the third step comprise: the laser power is 1500-3000W, the scanning linear velocity is 0.05-0.3 m/s, and the defocusing amount is 30-90 mm.
CN202110481586.8A 2021-04-30 2021-04-30 Protective coating for inner wall of combustion chamber in high-temperature friction environment and preparation method thereof Pending CN113186524A (en)

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Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109504965A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-03-22 海洋化工研究院有限公司 A kind of iron-based anti-corrosion nonskid coating of composite construction high temperature and preparation method thereof
CN110965058A (en) * 2018-09-29 2020-04-07 王洪伟 NiCr/Cr3C2/WS2 self-lubricating wear-resistant coating

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110965058A (en) * 2018-09-29 2020-04-07 王洪伟 NiCr/Cr3C2/WS2 self-lubricating wear-resistant coating
CN109504965A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-03-22 海洋化工研究院有限公司 A kind of iron-based anti-corrosion nonskid coating of composite construction high temperature and preparation method thereof

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Title
翁昌琦等: "Cr12MoV钢表面激光熔覆Ni35/MoS2/LaF3·CeF3 涂层的研究", 《热加工工艺》 *
肖轶等: "纳米CeO2对激光熔覆Fe/Cr3C2复合涂层组织与磨损性能的影响", 《材料导报B：研究篇》 *
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Application publication date: 20210730