CN113185596A - 一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽lcm13及其应用 - Google Patents
一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽lcm13及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13,其氨基酸序列为VSIYKLTGAVMHYGNMKFK。所述抗菌肽的分子量为2186Da。本发明又公开了一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽的应用,在预防或治疗溶藻性弧菌、副溶血性弧菌等细菌感染中的应用。本发明为后续进一步研究黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽作为食品防腐剂和防止鱼病的饲料添加剂开发奠定了基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,尤其涉及一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13及其应用。
背景技术
近年来,食源性致病微生物引起的食品安全问题已成为世界各国面临的重大公共卫生问题。据世界卫生组织(WHO)统计,全球每年约有15亿人感染食源性疾病,其中70%为致病性微生物污染所造成的。食源性致病微生物已成为危害食品安全的主要因素。
弧菌病是大黄鱼养殖过程中较为流行的一种危害严重的细菌性疾病,其主要表现为溃疡、烂尾、腹水和烂眼等。该病病程短,范围广,死亡率高。致死率高达80%,大部分鱼从发病到死亡历时仅7d。引起大黄鱼弧菌病的主要病原菌为溶藻弧菌和副溶血性弧菌。副溶血性弧菌和溶藻弧菌都是海洋生态中分布的正常菌群,同时也是人和海洋生物共同感染的病原菌。不仅能使海洋动物患病,造成经济损失,还可引起人食物中毒、肠胃炎等症状,危害人体健康。
传统抗生素在致病微生物防控中发挥着重要作用。但近些年,由于抗生素的滥用所带来的副作用及病菌抗药性问题愈发凸显,严重影响了人类健康及生态安全。抗菌肽是机体为了抵抗病原微生物入侵而应激产生的一种天然的防御性多肽,几乎存在于所有生物体内,具有低耐药、低致敏、低毒性等优点,在医药、饲料和防腐剂等领域具有广阔的应用与开发前景。
大黄鱼是我国近海主要的经济鱼类,也是我国网箱养殖中最大的鱼类。黄鱼鲞是由鲜黄鱼加工制成品,黄鱼鲞是以新鲜大黄鱼为原料。经去鳞,背剖、清洗、腌制和晾晒而成的产品。目前已有利用高强度超声(400~500W)进行黄鱼鲞辅助腌制,但利用该频率超声加速腌制的同时,会破坏黄鱼鲞中肽的结构,使肽段降解。
肌球蛋白是一种多功能蛋白质,目前研究认为其主要功能是为肌肉收缩提供力,同时在肉制品加工与鱼糜制品凝胶特性和保水性相关,一般研究认为肌球蛋白不参与机体免疫反应,也无抑菌作用。
因此从大黄鱼肌球蛋白中寻找具有抑菌活性的抗菌肽,并探究其抑菌机理,是本领域亟待解决的技术难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处,提供了一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13及其应用,解决了上述背景技术中的问题。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之一是:提供了一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示:
VSIYKLTGAVMHYGNMKFK
所述肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13的分子量为2186道尔顿,所带电荷为+3.25,总疏水性比为42%,根据数据库APD3推测,肽LCM13含有α螺旋,并在同一疏水表面上可能至少有4个残基。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之二是:提供了一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13在制备抗菌药物中的应用,该抗菌药物用于抑制和/或杀灭致病性弧菌中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述致病性弧菌为副溶血性弧菌或溶藻性弧菌中的一种或多种。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之三是:提供了一种抗菌药物,其有效成分包括黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13,所述抗菌肽LCM13的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1。
在本发明一较佳实施例中,所述抗菌药物的有效成分为黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13,所述抗菌肽LCM13的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1。
在本发明一较佳实施例中,所述抗菌药物用于抑制和/或杀灭致病性弧菌。
优选地,所述致病性弧菌为副溶血性弧菌或溶藻性弧菌中的一种或多种。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案之四是:提供一种产生所述的黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13的黄鱼鲞加工方法,其包括如下步骤:S1.挖去新鲜大黄鱼鱼鳃,撕去背鳍,斩去鱼尾;S2.从步骤S1中处理好的大黄鱼背部下刀,连鱼头沿鱼腹一起剖成均匀两片,不剖鱼肚,除去内脏污物,洗净沥干;S3.将步骤S2中处理好的大黄鱼平铺,洒上精盐、白酒、香葱和生姜汁装在密封袋里,10~40W超声波功率下腌4—5小时;S4.取出步骤S3中密封袋里的大黄鱼,将大黄鱼悬挂在通风阴凉处,吹3—4天。
本发明以黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白为研究对象,通过LCMS质谱结果对所的肽段进行生物信息学预测,发现了抗菌肽序列VSIYKLTGAVMHYGNMKFK,命名LCM13,分子量为2186Da。根据数据库APD3推测,肽LCM13含有α螺旋,并在同一疏水表面上可能至少有4个残基。
抗菌肽LCM13的抑菌原理如下:在进入细菌细胞后,LCM13可与细菌DNA发生结合,干扰细菌DNA复制合成从而使细菌死亡。
本发明的抗菌肽可以采用本领域技术人员已知的方法合成,例如固相合成,并采用本领域技术人员已知的方法进行纯化,例如高效液相色谱法。
实施本发明,具有如下有益效果:
1.本发明以黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白为研究对象,通过LCMS质谱结果得到5种肽,然后利用APD3对所得的肽进行预测,发现一个全新氨基酸序列的多肽LCM13。研究LCM13对副溶血性弧菌、溶藻性弧菌等致病性弧菌的抑菌活性;并以副溶血性弧菌、溶藻性弧菌为例利用透射电镜观察LCM13对其破坏程度;最后对它的人体安全性影响进行评估。实验结果表明,该肽对副溶血性弧菌、溶藻性弧菌等细菌具有强烈的抑制作用。它的抑菌机理是穿过细菌细胞膜,与细菌DNA结合,抑制DNA的复制合成等功能,从而达到使细菌失活的作用。
2.本发明抗菌肽LCM13对副溶血性弧菌、溶藻性弧菌等致病弧菌的抑菌效果随着作用时间增加而明显增强。
3.本发明抗菌肽LCM13对正常人肝细胞没有不良的细胞毒性作用,安全性高。
4.本发明采用低强度超声(10~40W)进行腌制可在保护鱼肉原有的品质质量的同时增加鱼肉嫩度及腌制效率,提高其产品品质。本发明为LCM13作为食品防腐剂和水产饲料添加剂提供了实验依据。
附图说明
图1为抗菌肽LCM13结构示意图。
图2抗菌肽LCM13质谱图。
图3为抗菌肽LCM13对溶藻弧菌最低抑制浓度(MIC)测定对照图。其中,
A:抗菌肽浓度0μg/mL;
B:抗菌肽浓度7.8125μg/mL;
C:抗菌肽浓度15.625μg/mL;
D:抗菌肽浓度31.25μg/mL;
E:抗菌肽浓度62.5μg/mL;
F:抗菌肽浓度125μg/mL。
图4为抗菌肽LCM13对副溶血性弧菌最低抑制浓度(MIC)测定对照图。其中,
A:抗菌肽浓度1.953125μg/mL;
B:抗菌肽浓度3.90625μg/mL;
C:抗菌肽浓度7.8125μg/mL;
D:抗菌肽浓度15.625μg/mL;
E:抗菌肽浓度31.25μg/mL;
F:抗菌肽浓度62.5μg/mL。
图5为抗菌肽LCM13时间杀灭动力学曲线。
(A)溶藻弧菌时间杀灭动力学曲线;
(B)溶血性弧菌时间杀灭动力学曲线;
(▲)空白对照;(●)MIC;(■)2MIC
图6为溶藻弧菌透射电镜图。
(A)空白对照组;(B)抗菌肽LCM13处理的溶藻弧菌;
图7为副溶血性弧菌透射电镜图。
(A)空白对照组;(B)抗菌肽LCM13处理的副溶血性弧菌;
图8为本发明抗菌肽与副溶血性弧菌与溶藻弧菌基因组DNA凝胶电泳图。
图9为本发明抗菌肽LCM13对正常人肝细胞(LO2细胞)活力的影响柱状图。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合实施例和附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明,但本领域技术人员了解,下述实施例不是对本发明保护范围的限制,任何在本发明基础上做出的改变和变化,都在本发明的保护范围之内。
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1黄鱼鲞加工工艺
加工工艺为取新鲜大黄鱼,挖去鱼鳃,撕去背鳍,斩去鱼尾。从背部下刀,连鱼头沿鱼腹一起剖成均匀两片,不剖鱼肚,除去内脏污物,洗净沥干。再将黄鱼平铺,洒上精盐、白酒、香葱和生姜汁后装在密封袋里,10~40W超声波功率下腌4~5小时,取出后用纱绳串在黄鱼头部,系住,挂在通风阴凉处,吹3~4天。
实施例2抗菌肽LCM13的液相色谱/质谱联用技术(LCMS)
称取100~200g黄鱼鲞样品鱼肉及内脏于烧杯中,加入适量超纯水用搅拌机破碎3~5min,然后将破碎的组织于100℃水浴锅煮2~3h。在4℃条件下用11000g离心力离心20min制备样品。再将离心好的上清液过1500~3000目筛后于冰箱冷冻,隔夜后进行冻干。再将冻干后的样品进行LCMS实验。
色谱条件:进样量:5.0μl
色谱柱:C18分析色谱柱,长度25cm,内径75μm.
流动相:A:0.1%甲醇水溶液
B:乙腈
结合搜库软件:MAXQUANTv1.6.5.0、数据库:uniprot大黄鱼蛋白库对所得肽段质谱图进行区分鉴定,得到5种肽段。抗菌肽LCM13结构示意图如图1所示。抗菌肽LCM13质谱结果如图2所示。
实施例3黄鱼鲞中抗菌肽LCM13的筛选
通过LCMS结果所得的5种肽,利用抗菌肽预测在线服务器APD3对黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白序列中可能存在的抗菌序列进行预测,并对可能具有抗菌序列的电荷、疏水性进行分析,最终筛选出氨基酸序列VSIYKLTGAVMHYGNMKFK化学合成(由北京中科亚光生物科技有限公司合成),并进行抑菌活性验证。筛选结果如下表所示。
表1黄鱼鲞LCMS所得肽段分析结果
实施例4最低抑制浓度(MIC)测定
将副溶血性弧菌、溶藻性弧菌在37℃培养12h至对数生长期,在0.01MpH7.2磷酸盐缓冲液中稀释至106-7CFU/mL。将肽溶于磷酸盐缓冲中,37℃等体积与菌混合2h。最低抑菌浓度(MIC)是指在37℃孵育过夜后,从微量滴定板上看不到细菌生长的抗菌肽最低浓度。如图3和图4所示,LCM13对溶藻性弧菌、副溶血性弧菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为1.9531μg/mL和7.8125μg/mL。
实施例5时间杀伤曲线TIMEKILL测定
将溶藻弧菌、副溶血性弧菌在37℃培养12h至对数生长期,在0.01MpH7.2磷酸盐缓冲液中稀释至103-4CFU/mL。取MIC和2×MIC浓度肽于37℃等体积与菌混合后分别进行孵育,每隔30分钟取样涂平板,37℃培养过夜后记录菌落总数。由结果可知,抗菌肽对副溶血性弧菌及溶藻弧菌均在1.5h开始有明显效果;随后继续呈下降趋势,在2h后趋于平缓。在抗菌肽作用下,细菌数量减少的更快。表明抗菌肽LCM13对溶藻弧菌以及副溶血性弧菌随着作用时间增加有明显的抑制效果(图5)。
实施例6透射电镜分析以106-7CFU/mL的细菌在37℃下用2×MIC的LCM13处理2h,然后在2700g下离心10min,用磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.2)洗涤两次。用1%的锇酸固定后,用95%乙醇脱水,然后丙酮处理20min。样品在70℃下烘烤24h,在铜网格上制备70-90nm的薄片,然后用柠檬酸铅和乙酸铀酯染色。用H-7650透射电子显微镜观察和捕获超微结构。
如图6和图7所示,对于未经处理的细菌,细菌细胞的胞内组织和结构完整性良好。用肽LCM13处理后,可以看到细菌细胞膜并没有明显变化。透射电子显微镜结果表明,LCM13肽对溶藻性弧菌、副溶血性弧菌的细胞膜和内部结构不具有破坏作用,表明LCM13不是通过作用于细胞膜达到抑菌效果。
实施7抗菌肽LCM13与细菌DNA的相互作用
采用DNA凝胶阻滞法研究了抗菌肽LCM13与副溶血性弧菌及溶藻弧菌基因组DNA的相互作用。将副溶血性弧菌、溶藻弧菌分别在37℃的50mL营养肉汤培养基中培养12h,用细菌260和280nm的光密度比(OD260/OD280≥1.90)评价提取的基因组DNA的纯度。接下来,将3μL不同细菌DNA(100ng/μL)与不同浓度抗菌肽LCM13在25℃下混合,然后将混合物在0.8%琼脂糖凝胶上进行电泳。使用GelDoc XR凝胶成像系统(Bio-Rad,美国)在紫外线照射下观察凝胶阻滞,如图8所示。
实施例8LCM13对人体正常肝细胞的影响
MTT(3-(4-5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2-5-二苯基-2H-四唑溴化铵)法是评价细胞毒性的经典方法。具体操作如下:将10mg/mL正常人肝细胞(LO2)加入96孔板,在5%CO2和37℃二氧化碳培养箱中孵育,直至细胞贴壁,然后加入不同浓度的LCM13至每个孔。在37℃的5%CO2中孵育24h。培养结束后,在每个孔中加入5mg/mL浓度20μm的MTT溶液,在37℃下继续孵育4h,弃去孔板上清液,在每个孔中加入150μL二甲基亚砜,将晶体完全溶解于低速摇床10min,在490nm下测定吸光度值。结果显示,不同LCM13浓度对LO2细胞没有不良的细胞毒性作用,发现细胞存活率大于90.3%。(图9)该实验数据说明LCM13在食品工业中具有潜在的应用前景。
综上,本发明抗菌肽LCM13对副溶血性弧菌、溶藻性弧菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为1.9531μg/mL和7.8125μg/mL,表明其对副溶血性弧菌、溶藻性弧菌等致病弧菌具有良好的抑菌活性。其抑菌机理是穿过细菌细胞膜,与细菌DNA结合,抑制DNA的复制合成等功能,从而达到使细菌失活的作用。
本发明抗菌肽LCM13对副溶血性弧菌、溶藻性弧菌等致病弧菌的抑菌效果随着作用时间增加而明显增强。
不同浓度的抗菌肽LCM13对正常人肝细胞没有不良的细胞毒性作用,安全性高,且细胞存活率大于90.3%。
本发明采用低强度超声(10~40W)进行腌制可在保护鱼肉原有的品质质量的同时增加鱼肉嫩度及腌制效率,提高其产品品质。本发明为LCM13作为食品防腐剂和水产饲料添加剂提供了实验依据。
序列表
<110> 集美大学
<120> 一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13及其应用
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
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<211> 19
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
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Val Ser Ile Tyr Lys Leu Thr Gly Ala Val Met His Tyr Gly Asn Met
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Lys Phe Lys
Claims (9)
1.一种黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
2.如权利要求1所述的黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13,其特征在于:所述抗菌肽的分子量为2186道尔顿。
3.如权利要求1~2中任一项所述的黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13在制备抗菌药物中的应用,其特征在于:所述抗菌药物用于抑制和/或杀灭致病性弧菌。
4.如权利要求3所述黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13在制备抗菌药物中的应用,其特征在于:所述致病性弧菌为副溶血性弧菌或溶藻性弧菌中的一种或多种。
5.一种抗菌药物,其特征在于:其有效成分包括黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13,所述抗菌肽LCM13的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1。
6.如权利要求4所述的抗菌药物,其特征在于:其有效成分为黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13,所述抗菌肽LCM13的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1。
7.如权利要求5或6任一项所述的一种抗菌药物,其特征在于:所述抗菌药物用于抑制和/或杀灭致病性弧菌。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种抗菌药物,其特征在于:所述致病性弧菌为副溶血性弧菌、溶藻性弧菌中的一种或多种。
9.一种产生如权利要求1~2中任一项所述的黄鱼鲞肌球蛋白抗菌肽LCM13的黄鱼鲞加工方法,其特征在于:所述加工方法包括如下步骤:S1.挖去新鲜大黄鱼鱼鳃,撕去背鳍,斩去鱼尾;S2.从步骤S1中处理好的大黄鱼背部下刀,连鱼头沿鱼腹一起剖成均匀两片,不剖鱼肚,除去内脏污物,洗净沥干;S3.将步骤S2中处理好的大黄鱼平铺,洒上精盐、白酒、香葱和生姜汁装在密封袋里,10~40W超声波功率下腌4—5小时;S4.取出步骤S3中密封袋里的大黄鱼,将大黄鱼悬挂在通风阴凉处,吹3—4天。
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CN113912676B (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-02-17 | 集美大学 | 一种酒糟黄鱼抗菌肽fah34及其应用 |
CN113861271B (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-02-17 | 集美大学 | 一种黄鱼鲞风味肽Tit5及其应用 |
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